Identified Leech Neurons Research Articles

Interaction of divalent cations and barbiturates on four identified leech neurons

1. Barbiturates caused action potential prolongation of cell-specific degree in four identified leech neurons, which are similarly affected by tetraethylammonium ion (TEA). 2. Ca opposed this action; Mn did not. Both ions have opposite effects on prolongations caused by TEA. 3. The barbiturates probably acted through a Ca-sensitive repolarization process normally present to different degrees in the four kinds of cells.

Close relation between TEA responses and Ca-dependent membrane phenomena of four identified leech neurones.

1. Tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) was applied to four kinds of identified neurones in leech segmental ganglia, namely, the sensory cells responding to touch (T), pressure (P) and noxious (N) stimuli and the Retzius cell (R).2. TEA prolonged the action potentials of these cells to characteristically different degrees, in the order R > N > P > T, regardless of exposure time. This result was the same whether TEA was presented to the whole ganglion via the bathing fluid or injected iontophoretically into the soma of the cell under study.3. TEA in Na-free solution caused the behaviour of the N cell membrane to be dominated by a Ca-dependent, Mn-blockable event identical in every respect except smaller size to the previously described behaviour of the R cell under the same conditions. The P cell displayed a still smaller event of the same kind, but none was detectable in the T cell.4. In the absence of both TEA and Na, when Ca was the only extra-cellular cation available to carry current, active membrane responses to depolarization were present in the R cell (previous study) and the N cell; such responses were minimal in the P cell and absent from the T cell.5. Differences among the four cells in density of a divalent cation conductance mechanism are the simplest explanation for these observations, though a more complex explanation based on multiple, pharmacologically distinct K conductances is not excluded by our data.