Hazard Identification Research Articles

Hazard Identification and Safety Education on The Clothing Convection Industry Business in Semarang

The clothing convection industry is one of the most popular businesses, with many growing businesses in Indonesia. In this industry, there are potential hazards that may occur either from work environment factors, the use of tools or machines, or from workers. Research objective to be achieved is to identify potential hazards in the clothing convection industry X and Y. This research used descriptive research, and the sample was two workers at the clothing convection industry X and four workers at the clothing convection industry Y for the data. The sample selection used random sampling. The data analysis technique used a narrative analysis. To minimize the number of work accidents or prevent accidents in the workplace, the identification of potential hazards is carried out through hazard analysis methods; one method is HAZOPS (Hazard Operability Studies). Based on the results of identification from workers and observation using HAZOPS method to minimize potential danger that can occur in each production with safety education using video to convey information easily for workers. Education on the use of PPE is also provided so that workers have safety knowledge and awareness at work. X and Y convection have various potential dangers in the clothing convection industry. Therefore, immediate action and attention from management are needed to minimize work accidents.

A STUDY ON HEALTH AND SAFETY MEASURES TOWARDS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

The manufacturing industry, despite its vital role in the economy, presents inherent risks to worker health and safety. This study examines the various health and safety measures crucial for creating a secure work environment. It explores common hazards encountered in manufacturing, encompassing physical, chemical, and ergonomic threats. The focus is on analysing existing safety protocols, including personal protective equipment (PPE), hazard identification and control procedures, and emergency response plans. The study delves into the importance of a strong safety culture, where both management and employees actively participate in risk mitigation. It emphasizes the role of training and awareness programs in empowering workers to identify and address potential hazards. Additionally, the research may explore the positive impact of effective health and safety practices on worker morale, productivity, and regulatory compliance. Keywords: Manufacturing industry, Health and safety, Risk management, Safety culture, Training, PPE.

Hazard Risk Analysis and Cathodic Maintenance Timing With Total Producvtive Maintenance Approach

XYZ is a major player in natural gas distribution in Indonesia, with an extensive pipeline connecting production sources with a wide range of consumers, including households, industries, and power plants. The network ensures an efficient and safe gas supply throughout the region, with good distribution control for reliable service. However, corrosion problems in pipes can threaten the integrity of the system. To overcome this, PT. XYZ implements precautions such as protective coating and cathodic protection. Risk analysis and scheduled maintenance help reduce the impact of corrosion and minimize maintenance costs. The findings of this study reveal that optimal treatment can be established by analyzing potential risks through certain methods. The approach allows for the identification of possible hazards and helps in determining the most effective treatment measures.Thus, organizations can take appropriate precautions to reduce risks and ensure efficient maintenance. Total Productive Maintenance TPM, which recommends that maintenance be carried out every 3 days, has succeeded in reducing the maintenance cost of PT. XYZ Previously, the company incurred maintenance costs from Rp. 60,600,000 to Rp. 55,200,000 per month with an efficiency of 9.78% through the analysis of the maintenance budget. With the right precautions, PT. XYZ ensures efficient maintenance to maintain the smooth distribution of natural gas in a sustainable manner.

Application of the HIRADC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Determining Control) Model on Field Testing Activities conducted by Lab X, East Java, Indonesia

Application of the HIRADC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Determining Control) Model on Field Testing Activities conducted by Lab X, East Java, Indonesia

Risks assessment to the health of the population in the area of emissions pollutants influence of carbon graphite production enterprises

Risk assessment of the impact of the enterprise's activities on the environment includes risk assessment of the impact of the activity on the health of the population. Risk as the probability of undesirable events is an integral component of any person's life. Risk characterization integrates data on the danger of the analyzed chemical substances, the amount of exposure, parameters of "dose-response" dependence, with the aim of quantitative and qualitative assessment of risk, identification and assessment of the comparative significance of existing problems for the health of the population. In scientific terms, hazard identification is the process of establishing a causal relationship between the action of a chemical substance and the development of adverse effects on human health. The main goal of the hazard identification stage is the selection of priority, indicator chemical substances, the study of which allows to reliably characterize the sources of occurrence and the level of risk of public health impairment. Assessment of dose-response relationships is a process of quantitative characterization of toxicological information and establishment of a relationship between the likely influencing dose (concentration) of a pollutant and the incidence of adverse events in the exposed population. Characteristics of "dose-response" dependence, which are most often used to assess carcinogenic risk, have been sufficiently studied in epidemiological studies. Among them is the factor of carcinogenic potential (ICS), which reflects the probability of the development of a harmful reaction when the dose (concentration) increases by 1 mg/kg or 1 mg/m3 per exposure level, associated with a certain probability of effect (the indicators of this group are used for establishment of reference, i.e., reference doses and concentrations). The individual carcinogenic risk characterizes the upper limit of possible carcinogenic risk during the period corresponding to the average life expectancy of a person (70 years). Today, in the world, the classification and assessment of the acceptable risk to the health of the population caused by the chemical influence of chemical substances that pollute the environment is quite wide. the system of acceptance criteria recommended by WHO is used. In accordance with these criteria, the first range of risk (individual lifetime risk equal to or less than 1·10-6, which also corresponds to an additional case of serious illness or death per 1 million exposed persons) characterizes such levels of risk as are perceived by all strata population as quite small, which do not differ from ordinary everyday risks (De minimas level). Such risks do not require additional measures to reduce them and their levels are subject to periodic control. The second range (greater than 1·10-6 and less than 1·10-4) corresponds to the zone of conditionally accepted (acceptable) risk. It is at this level that most of the foreign and recommended by international organizations hygienic standards for the population as a whole are established. Levels of suitable risk belong to constant control. The third range (greater than 1·10-4 and less than 1·10-3) is suitable for professionals and unsuitable for the general population. The emergence of such a level of risk requires the development and implementation of planned health measures. The fourth range (equal to or greater than 1·10-3) is unsuitable neither for the population nor for professionals. This range is designated as De manifestis Risk, and when it is reached, it is necessary to carry out emergency health measures to reduce the risk on the part of the city authorities. During the assessment of the risk to the health of the population of Zaporizhzhia from the emissions of PJSC "Ukrgrafit", priority pollutants were identified: carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, substances in the form of suspended solid particles of undifferentiated composition. Hazard indices were determined for individual HQ substances (non-carcinogenic risks) and in the case of combined exposure to HI, individual carcinogenic risks (ICR) and combined exposure (CRa) were calculated. Assessment of long-term effects (at the level of average annual concentration) on human health of the investigated substances. allowing to assess the chronic inhalation effect of the occurrence of negative effects in the health of the exposed population during the lifetime for the assessment and characterization of multistage risk showed that the hazard indices (HQ) do not exceed the norms.

Environmentally relevant concentrations of the tricyclic antidepressant, amitriptyline, affect feeding and reproduction in a freshwater mollusc

Antidepressant drugs (ADDs) are one of the most extensively used pharmaceuticals globally. They act at particularly low therapeutic concentrations to modulate monoamine neurotransmission, which is one of the most evolutionary conserved pathways in both humans and animal species including invertebrates. As ADDs are widely detected in the aquatic environment at low concentrations (ng/L to low µg/L), their potential to exert drug-target mediated effects in aquatic species has raised serious concerns. Amitriptyline (AMI) is the most widely used tricyclic ADD, while monoamines, the target of ADDs, are major bioregulators of multiple key physiological processes including feeding, reproduction and behaviour in molluscs. However, the effects of AMI on feeding, reproduction and mating behaviour are unknown in molluscs despite their ecological importance, diversity and reported sensitivity to ADDs. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of AMI (0, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 ng/L) on feeding, reproduction and key locomotor behaviours, including mating, in the freshwater gastropod, Biomphalaria glabrata over a period of 28 days. To further provide insight into the sensitivity of molluscs to ADDs, AMI concentrations (exposure water and hemolymph) were determined using a novel extraction method. The Fish Plasma Model (FPM), a critical tool for prioritization assessment of pharmaceuticals with potential to cause drug target-mediated effects in fish, was then evaluated for its applicability to molluscs for the first time. Disruption of food intake (1000 ng/L) and reproductive output (500 and 1000 ng/L) were observed at particularly low hemolymph levels of AMI, whereas locomotor behaviours were unaffected. Importantly, the predicted hemolymph levels of AMI using the FPM agreed closely with the measured levels. The findings suggest that hemolymph levels of AMI may be a useful indicator of feeding and reproductive disruptions in wild population of freshwater gastropods, and confirm the applicability of the FPM to molluscs for comparative pharmaceutical hazard identification.

Understanding The Benefits and Risks of Sustainable Nanomaterials in a Research Environment

Nanomaterials hold immense potential for numerous applications in energy, health care, and environmental sectors, playing an important role in our daily lives. Their utilization spans from improving energy efficiency to enhancing medical diagnostics, and mitigating environmental pollution, thus presenting a multifaceted approach towards achieving sustainability goals. To ensure the sustainable and safe utilization of nanomaterials, a thorough evaluation of potential hazards and risks is essential throughout their lifecycle—from resource extraction and production to use and disposal. In this review, we focus on understanding and addressing potential environmental and health risks associated with nanomaterial utilization. We advocate for a balanced approach with early hazard identification, safe-by-design principles, and life cycle assessments, while emphasizing safe handling and disposal practices, collaboration, and continuous improvement. Our goal is to ensure responsible nanotechnology development, fostering innovation alongside environmental and community well-being, through a holistic approach integrating science, ethics, and proactive risk assessment.

Proactive patient safety: enhancing hospital readiness through simulation-based clinical systems testing and healthcare failure mode and effect analysis

BackgroundRecognizing and identifying latent safety threats (LSTs) before patient care commences is crucial, aiding leaders in ensuring hospital readiness and extending its impact beyond patient safety alone. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a combination of Simulation-based Clinical Systems Testing (SbCST) with Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA) with regard to mitigating LSTs within a newly constructed hospital.MethodsThree phases of the combined SbCST and HFMEA approach were implemented across all hospital settings. The scenarios tested system functionalities, team responses, and resource availability. The threats thus identified were categorized into system-related issues, human issues, and resource issues, after which they were prioritized and addressed using mitigation strategies. Reassessment confirmed the effectiveness of these strategies before hospital commissioning.ResultsMore than 76% of the LSTs were mitigated through the combined approach. System-related issues, such as nonfunctional communication devices and faulty elevators, were addressed by leadership. Human issues such as miscommunication and nonadherence to hospital policy led to improvements in interprofessional communication and teamwork. Resource issues, including missing equipment and risks of oxygen explosion, were addressed through procurement, maintenance, and staff training for equipment preparation.ConclusionThe SbCST and HFMEA were highly effective with regard to proactively identifying and mitigating LSTs across all aspects of hospital preparedness. This systematic and comprehensive approach offers a valuable tool for enhancing patient safety in new healthcare facilities, thereby potentially setting a new standard for proactive hazard identification and risk management in the context of healthcare construction and commissioning.

Impact of simulation fidelity on identifying swing-over hazards in virtual environments for novice crane operators

Crane-related accidents often occur due to failure in timely and accurate hazard identification. Virtual Reality (VR) technology facilitates immersive environments for improving hazard identification without real-world consequences. However, the impact of simulation fidelity on hazard identification performance, particularly for novice crane operators, remains underexplored. This paper examines how simulation fidelity and task complexity affect hazard identification performance among novice operators through a VR experiment with two fidelity and two complexity levels. Findings demonstrate high-fidelity (HF) scenarios significantly improve hazard identification success rate and speed for swing-over hazards but extend task completion times. Task complexity modulates simulation fidelity's impact on task completion, with significant differences between fidelity levels observed only under low complexity. These insights inform the design and calibration of simulation fidelity in VR platforms, potentially improving training efficacy and crane lifting safety for novice operators.

EVALUASI RISIKO KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA PADA PROYEK INSTALASI PIPANISASI DI PT EFE BERBASIS METODE JSA DAN HIRARC

Work accidents occur in the work environment, which can occur due to unsafe work environment conditions or human error. PT TKA is a construction services company located in the Gresik Regency, and its work specifications use fiberglass and HDPE materials. In the work activities carried out by PT TKA, several unsafe actions or unsafe conditions were found which caused accidents. This research aims to evaluate the dangers and causes of danger based on the conditions and activities of pipe installation projects based on the risk of unsafe actions and conditions. Job Safety Analysis, Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control were used as research methods. The research respondents were five expert employees on pipeline projects. The research showed that eleven stages of pipe installation project work were identified, resulting in small, medium, and large-scale hazard risks. The research results show that unsafe conditions dominate the occurrence of danger and the risk of work accidents.

Pengujian Ergonomi Berdasarkan SNI 9011:2021 dan ROSA Serta Evaluasi Lingkungan Kerja Perkantoran Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 48 Tahun 2016 di Fakultas Teknik Unsoed

Office environments, as one of workplace, are inherently associated with potential occupational hazards that may impact the health and safety of individuals within them. According to the Ministry of Health of Indonesia Regulation No. 48 of 2016, office spaces are required to meet specific physical conditions, taking into aspects such as lighting, noise levels, air temperature, and humidity within the work environment. Various issues have been identified at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, such as malfunctioning some of air condition units, inadequate lighting, noise pollution from vehicular traffic, and complaints regarding workers' postures. Office workers are susceptible to ergonomic risks, particularly musculoskeletal disorders due to work activities (GOTRAK). This research aims to evaluate the compliance with the Ministry of Health of Indonesia Regulation No. 48 of 2016 by assessing the work environment and adhering to the standards outlined in SNI 9011:2021, which pertains to the Measurement and Evaluation of Potential Ergonomic Hazards in the Workplace. To strengthen the data and ensure the identification of potential ergonomic hazards in office settings, ergonomic assessment methods such as the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) can be employed. The objective of this study is to measure physical environmental parameters such as lighting intensity, noise levels, and air temperature, identify GOTRAK-related complaints based on SNI 9011:2021, and provide recommendations for improvements in accordance with the Ministry of Health of Indonesia Regulation No. 48 of 2016 and SNI 9011:2021.

Comparative Analysis of Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Methods in Ağrı Cement Factory: Fine-Kinney vs. 3T Approach

Occupational health and safety is essential to protect, maintain and improve the physical, psychological and social well-being of employees and to prevent harmful factors. One way to prevent occupational hazards is to identify them in the workplace. Therefore, providing information to assist in making the necessary decisions to reduce occupational hazards, and conducting hazard identification and risk assessment will contribute significantly. In this study, the risks identified at Ağrı Cement Factory were classified using the Fine-Kinney method and the 3T risk assessment method, and the results were compared. The 3T method is superior to the Fine-Kinney method because of its modular structure. The high risks that require immediate action in the Fine-Kinney method appear to be prioritized similarly in the 3T method as well. However, in the Fine-Kinney method, significant, possible, and risks are considered among the top 3 priority risks, while in the 3T method, they are considered among the top 2 priority risks. It has been observed that a risk assessment utilizing the Fine-Kinney method will be successful if continuously updated. Difficulty in selecting the probability component has led to elevating risk values in the Fine-Kinney risk assessments by selecting a higher level of risk. Although both methods exhibit different approaches, the 3T methodology has been understood to provide a comprehensive perspective by considering risk in terms of threat, performance, and harm. This approach has addressed different dimensions to understand the origins, impacts, and consequences of risks. On the other hand, the Fine-Kinney Risk Assessment Method, relying on weighting and scoring factors specific to project characteristics and factors, has been reported to evaluate risk in a more analytical manner. It has been concluded that this methodology will be successful in calculating risk scores by considering specific project characteristics and risk profiles.

Proposal for Prevention of Occupational Disease Risk Using the Hiradc Method at PT X in the Dyeing Department

People in this era have various needs in carrying out life. The needs that need to be used by the community have multiple kinds of things, such as clothing. Clothes used by the community go through various processes before becoming finished goods. Before becoming ready-to-wear, clothes came from raw materials such as fabric rolls. There are multiple production processes, such as yarn, fabric, chemical dyeing, etc. One of the places where fabrics are produced is textile factories. A textile factory is a company that produces products in the form of fabrics. The manufacture of fabrics that occur in textile factories must involve mixing chemicals so that the fabric has good quality. The process of mixing these chemical substances involves workers, and the chemical substances used are classified as Hazardous and Toxic Materials (B3), so these chemicals can have a bad impact on their workers if there is physical contact with the worker's body. Exposure to chemicals in the worker's body will cause a risk of developing Occupational Diseases (PAK). Therefore, in this study, data will be processed to prevent workers' risk of Occupational Diseases (PAK) using the HIRADC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control) method. The proposal given in this study is a proposal for the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for preventive measures against Occupational Diseases (PAK) for workers

Single-Shot Visual Relationship Detection for the Accurate Identification of Contact-Driven Hazards in Sustainable Digitized Construction

Single-Shot Visual Relationship Detection for the Accurate Identification of Contact-Driven Hazards in Sustainable Digitized Construction

Grouping of short alkyl-chain branched carboxylic acids for developmental toxicity

Read-across (RAx) and grouping of chemicals into categories are well-known concepts in toxicology. Recently, ECHA proposed a grouping approach for branched-chain carboxylic acids (BCAs) including more than 60 branched-chain saturated carboxylic acids for hazard identification. Grouping was based only on structural considerations. Due to developmental effects of two members, ECHA postulated that “all short carbon chain acids … are likely reproductive and developmental toxicants”. This work analyzes available data for BCAs. The number of compounds in the group can be significantly reduced by eliminating metal and organic salts of BCAs, compounds of unknown or variable composition, and complex reaction products or biological materials (UVCB compounds). For the resulting reduced number of compounds, grouping is supported by similar physicochemical data and expected similar biotransformation. However, analysis of adverse effects for compounds in the group and mechanistic information show that BCAs, as a class, do not cause developmental effects in rats. Rather, developmental toxicity is limited to selected BCAs with specific structures that share a common mode of action (histone deacetylase inhibition). Thus, the proposed grouping is unreasonably wide and the more detailed analyses show that structural similarity alone is not sufficient for grouping branched-chain carboxylic acids for developmental toxicity.

RISK ASSESSMENT OF BAGGED FERTILIZER UNLOADING ACTIVITY AT TUKS PUSRI BANYUWANGI BRANCH

The port is one of the distribution centers for goods in which there are loading and unloading activities. Loading and unloading activities sometimes involve loading and unloading personnel and heavy equipment which raises the potential for hazards that can cause work accidents and damage to goods. The purpose of this research is to conduct a risk assessment using the HIRARC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control) method on bagged fertilizer unloading work in the TUKS PUSRI Banyuwangi Branch Port area. The stages of bagged fertilizer unloading work activities include the unloading activity process, which consists of five work stages: opening the ship's hatch, workers (stevedores) entering the hatch, stevedoring, cargodoring, and delivery. The results stated that from a total of 5 work stages, 26 sources of hazards were identified with 6 sources of low risk level hazards at 23%, 7 sources of moderate risk level hazards at 27%, 6 sources of high risk level hazards at 23%, and 7 sources of very high risk level hazards (extreme) at 27%. Control measures that can be implemented are conducting briefings on OHS (Occupational Health and Safety) before starting work activities, supervision of compliance with the use of complete personal protective equipment and also the need for sanctions for workers who do not comply with the rules for using personal protective equipment.

Emerging Trends of Immunosensors Development for Detection of Food Toxins

The present study highlights the ongoing threat of foodborne illnesses to public health, primarily caused by bacterial pathogens. Despite advancements in conventional microbiological testing techniques, which are sensitive but time-consuming, challenges remain in ensuring timely detection of contaminants throughout the food supply chain. The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system is recognized as a more effective approach to ensuring food safety, emphasizing proactive identification and control of hazards at critical points in production. Emerging technologies like quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and biosensors offer faster and more accurate detection methods, although with certain limitations. Biosensors such as ELISA, SPR, and electrochemical immunosensors, in particular, show promise due to their high sensitivity and specificity, enabling rapid detection of a wide range of contaminants. This paper underscores the importance of integrating advanced technologies with established food safety protocols to enhance the safety and quality of food products, benefiting consumers, producers, and regulatory agencies alike.

Model of the Formation of Work Safety Culture in Polish Mining Enterprises

The article presents the results of research on the level of work safety culture, which is an important element influencing the organisational culture in mining enterprises. The article aims to measure the safety culture among managers in Polish hard coal mines. The assumed goal was achieved in the area of literature and empirical research. Research shows that the precise identification of hazards defined the thematic areas shaping safe working conditions in underground mines. The main part of the work was to survey 135 employees in 3 hard coal companies in Poland. The questionnaires were developed in cooperation with mining experts, and the 5-point Likert scale was used to evaluate individual questions. This methodological approach identified the subjective feelings and experiences of employees for building appropriate attitudes and behaviours that shape the organisational culture. The use of a culture grid enabled the creation of seven thematic groups of safety areas related to the so-called referents of organisational culture. The result of the empirical research is to propose an approach for the transformation of safety culture in the selected area for mining companies. The approach uses the organisational culture grid to shape the attitudes and behaviours of employees, which identifies and designates weak areas, defining them as unsatisfactory and unacceptable, and being the key conclusion of the research.

Characterization, hazard identification, and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)-based food contact articles

The chemical safety of poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) based food contact articles (FCAs) has aroused increasing toxicological concerns in recent years, but the chemical characterization and associated risk assessment still remain inadequate as it fails to elucidate the distribution pattern and discern the potential genotoxic and carcinogenic hazards of the identified substances. Herein, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 50 batches of PBAT-based FCAs of representative categories and 10 batches of PLA and PBAT pellets were characterized, by which 237 VOCs of 10 chemical categories were identified and exhibited characteristic distribution patterns in the chemical spaces derived from their molecular descriptors. Chemical hazards associated with the identified VOCs were discerned by a hazard-driven classification scheme integrating hazard-related knowledge from multiple publicly available sources, and 34 VOCs were found to bear genotoxic or carcinogenic hazards and to feature higher average molecular weight than the other VOCs. Finally, the Risk and hazard quotient (HQ) calculated as the metrics of risk suggested that all identified VOCs posed acceptable risks (Risk<10–4 or HQ < 1), whereas oxolane, butyrolactone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, 2-butoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, and 1,2,3-trichloropropane posed non-negligible (Risk>10–6) genotoxic or carcinogenic risk and thus should be of prioritized concern to promote the chemical safety of PBAT-based FCAs.

Identification and Overcome the Harmful Situations Related to Chemical with the Help of Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Using Failure Mode and Effective Analysis (FMEA) Method

Exposure of Chemical are a major occupational health and safety issue in chemical work place industry. Management of chemical hazards requires the combined efforts of occupational health and safety specialists, including generalist OHS professionals, occupational hygienists, and occupational health practitioners. This Research is about analysis of Hazards and their developed Control Measures in industrial chemicals, the manner in which their toxicity is assessed and the use of such assessments in regulatory decision-making. It begins with general points concerning toxicological data availability and hazard identification, then moves on to risk assessment and occupational exposure limits, and finally looks briefly at some standard specific toxicological issues, where the science is far from resolved after brief consideration of the historical context of chemical reactivity and toxicity issues, acute and chronic exposure, chemical hazard classification systems, and the identification, risk assessment, and control of chemical hazards