Identification Of Goals Research Articles

Modern valences of participatory democracy

The concept that encompasses to a significant extent and at multiple levels the participation of citizens is that of participatory democracy. This requires people, communities or different social groups to be involved in decision-making and resource management. Participatory democracy is a continuous process, with risks, requiring organization, collaboration, identification of common goals in a group

A Critique of National Physical Activity Policy in Oman Using 3 Established Policy Frameworks.

This paper aimed to assess the development process, content, and early implementation of Oman's national physical activity plan of action to identify strengths and areas for improvement. Data were extracted from 4 documents: national noncommunicable diseases policy, physical activity plan of action, and 2 World Health Organization Mission Reports. Three policy frameworks and approaches (physical activity content analysis grid, health-enhancing physical activity policy audit tool, and policy cube approach for diet-related noncommunicable diseases) were used. The findings demonstrated that policymakers engaged a broad range of sectors in developing a national plan. It aligned with many of the elements from the 3 policy frameworks (ie,multisectoral approach, political commitment/leadership, identification of national goals and targets, time frame for implementation). The main gaps included the lack of a specified sustainable funding mechanism, systems for monitoring progress, and an emphasis on general interventions, with limited focus on specific target groups. A range of sectors were engaged in the development of Oman's national physical activity plan of action, with strong political commitment and using global guidance and local evidence. Establishing a strong accountability framework, including a clear financing mechanism, is critical for Oman to meet its target for a 10% relative reduction in physical inactivity by 2025.

Social Enterprise Places: A Place-Based Initiative Facilitating Syntactic, Semantic and Pragmatic Constructions of Legitimacy

Social Enterprises are becoming a significant force of social as well as economic good despite facing many difficulties that are brought about by their unique characteristics. Chief among these is the question of their perceived legitimacy that impinges upon their ability to gain funding, acquire contracts and appear as capable organisations to potential partnering institutions. This study explores the means by which Social Enterprises are legitimized through participation in the Social Enterprise Place (SEP) programme in the UK. By examining the Boundary Objects (BO) that span the intersections of the incumbent social groups it identifies three pillars upon which SEPs have facilitated SE legitimacy. These pillars comprise (i) the place-based language (syntactic BO), that enables the identification of (ii) common social goals (semantic BOs), and thereby enables the (iii) mobilization of resources toward their resolution (pragmatic BOs). This research provides insight into the facilitation of legitimacy for Social Enterprises that are engaged in a place-based initiative. By responding to Peterson’s (2016) call for macromarketers to take more note of meso level marketing dynamics in different industries the paper highlights the potential for place to facilitate the legitimacy of SEs. In addition, it reveals a further macromarketing dimension to Boundary Object plasticity whereby they may evolve through syntactic, semantic and pragmatic forms over time.

Development, Implementation, and Assessment of a New Competency and Outcomes-Based Orientation in an Air Medical Transport Program

ObjectiveThe development and evaluation of new employees in air medical transport has historically lacked standardization and competency-based learning goals. Here we discuss the development, implementation, and assessment of a new competency-based education and evaluation method at Geisinger's Life Flight air medical transport service. MethodsUsing Bloom's taxonomy of learning, 14 competencies for flight employees were identified. An electronic database was created to track progress across competencies and serve as an information repository for the identification of goals and the development of individualized learning plans. Ten months after implementation of the new method, 11 preceptors and education team members were surveyed to understand their views on the new program. ResultsAt the time of survey administration, 20 orientees had completed orientation under the new education and evaluation program in an average of 6.45 weeks, with a range of 3 to 10 weeks. Of the 11 surveyed instructors, 81.1% definitely agree that the new method adequately assesses performance compared with 45.5% with the previous unstandardized method; 81.8% of the instructors rated the overall change as very helpful. ConclusionThe adoption of a competency-based learning model for air medical transport employee education and evaluation improves the assessment of performance and allows for the development of customized learning plans.

The process of forming students’ pedagogical professionalism

Objectives of the study: Assessing the process of students’ forming pedagogical professionalism at Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE), Vietnam. Research Methods: We used the polling method through questionnaires to collect information for the research process. Two questionnaires were designed for two groups of subjects, group 1 for 203 students and group 2 for 18 administrators and lecturers. We use mathematical statistical methods, and data analysis to make judgments. Research results: A part of students do not have a full sense of pedagogical professionalism. The process of forming students’ pedagogical professionalism has not been clearly shaped from the identification and implementation of goals, principles, content and activities involved in this process. At the end of the study, we propose four measures to overcome the above limitations at HNUE.

Educating for Responsible Research Practice in Biomedical Sciences

New developments in the field of biomedicine can have extensive implications for society. To steer research efforts in a responsible direction, biomedical scientists should contribute to a forward-looking ethical, and societal evaluation of new developments. However, the question remains how to equip students sufficiently with the skills they need to contribute to this evaluation. In this paper, we examine how the four dimensions of Responsible Research and Innovation (anticipation, reflexivity, inclusivity, and responsiveness) inform the identification of learning goals and teaching approaches that contribute to developing these skills in biomedical scientists. We suggest that these educational approaches focus on the skills to anticipate intended and unintended outcomes, reflect on the epistemological and moral aspects of research practice, and be inclusive of the variety of voices in society. We argue that if these dimensions are properly integrated into biomedical curricula, they will help students develop the attitudinal aspects necessary for becoming responsive, and prepare them for implementing the dimensions of responsible research into their daily practice. This paper focuses specifically on skills biomedical scientists need for the responsible conduct of research. Therefore, our analysis results, at least in part, in domain-specific recommendations. We invite educators from other disciplines to do the same exercise, as we believe this could lead to tailored educational approaches by which students from various disciplinary backgrounds learn how they each have a role in contributing to socially robust and morally responsible research practice.

Deficits in Identification of Goals and Goal-Concordant Care After Sepsis Hospitalization.

In a recent study, identifying and supporting patients' care goals was named the highest priority in hospital medicine. Although sepsis is one of the leading causes of death and postdischarge morbidity among hospitalized patients, little is known about how frequently care goals are assessed prior to discharge and adhered to in the 90 days after sepsis hospitalization. Evaluating a cohort of 679 high-risk sepsis survivors enrolled in a clinical trial, we found that care goals were documented explicitly in a standardized tool in 130 patients; an additional 139 patients were identified using all available clinical documentation, resulting in only 269 (40%) patients with goals that could be ascertained from the electronic health record (EHR). Among those categorized, goals were classified as prioritizing longevity (35%), function (52%), and comfort (12%). Based on expert review of the care provided during the 90 days subsequent to discharge, goal-concordant care was identified in 184 (68%) cases for which goals were specified. Documentation of goals in a standardized EHR tool was associated with increased likelihood of receiving goal-concordant care (odds ratio, 3.6; 95% CI, 2.4-5.5). Hospitalization and peridischarge time points represent important opportunities to address deficits in the documentation of goals and provision of goal-concordant care for sepsis survivors.

Who Are You Without Your Substance? Transforming Occupational Time Use in Recovery

Medically underserved rural communities struggle to meet challenging needs in response to the opioid crisis. The purpose of this study was to measure any benefit of an occupational therapy (OT) intervention group with participants in an addiction recovery program. Supervised OT graduate students implemented a five-week program at a faith-based non-profit organization in a small metro community. A weekly time management occupational-based intervention group based on the Action Over Inertia (AOI) manualized protocol focuses on motivating and providing strategies to successfully reintegrate individuals into the community by using meaningful activity and positively influencing levels of occupational balance and engagement (Krupa et al., 2003). Outcome measures included self-report of time use, occupational balance, occupational engagement, and goal identification, satisfaction, and performance. The need to effectively treat individuals with SUD is a public health priority. Results demonstrated positive outcomes with self-rating of time management, self-management skills, frequency of engaging in meaningful activities, and performance and satisfaction in meeting individual goals. This research adds to the limited evidence base in the OT literature for interdisciplinary treatment of this population using a manualized occupation-based intervention. 

Fairness and Welfare Through Redistribution When Utility Is Transferable

We join the goals of two giant and related fields of research in group decision-making that have historically had little contact: fair division, and efficient mechanism design with monetary payments. To do this we adopt the standard mechanism design paradigm where utility is assumed to be quasilinear and thus transferable across agents. We generalize the traditional binary criteria of envy-freeness, proportionality, and efficiency (welfare) to measures of degree that range between 0 and 1. We demonstrate that in the canonical fair division settings under any allocatively-efficient mechanism the worst-case welfare rate is 0 and disproportionality rate is 1; in other words, the worst-case results are as bad as possible. This strongly motivates an average-case analysis. We then set as the goal identification of a mechanism that achieves high welfare, low envy, and low disproportionality in expectation across a spectrum of fair division settings. We establish that the VCG mechanism is not a satisfactory candidate, but the redistribution mechanism of [Bailey, 1997; Cavallo, 2006] is.

Proposed metrics to benchmark antibiotic prescribing in pediatric outpatient settings

Metrics to track and compare outpatient pediatric antibiotic prescribing are needed to improve antibiotic use and prevent unwanted consequences of antibiotic overuse. We have considered the impact and feasibility of available metrics and propose select high-priority measures for electronic reporting of pediatric outpatient antibiotic use. Streamlined use of antibiotic prescribing metrics will allow for national benchmarking, monitoring and identification of targets and goals for improvement.

Framework of Goal-driven Risk Management in Software Development Projects Using the Socio-technical Systems Approach

Previous studies have identified the influence of goal agreement on requirement elicitation in software projects, but they have not addressed how it influences risks in projects. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of goal identification and agreement on software project risks. With socio-technical systems theory as the backdrop, we used a goal-oriented perspective to understand how the social subsystem influences the technical subsystem of a software development project. In an empirical study with 411 responses from software project developers and managers in India and using structural equation modelling, the causal linkages between goal orientation and project risk variables have been examined. The results indicated that the early adoption of goal-driven risk management reduces the social context risks which, in turn, reduces the project management risk. The study also revealed that the product artefact is independent of whether the system was completed within budget and schedule. To design the risk management strategy, project managers should consider the relationship between social context risk and project management risk and the implications of these relationships on project performance.

Navigating Bias on Interview Day: Strategies for Charting an Inclusive and Equitable Course.

Navigating Bias on Interview Day: Strategies for Charting an Inclusive and Equitable Course.

Development of an aid to decision-making form (ADF) integrated into a major institutional program in oncology: A tool to support care goal identification.

e18646 Background: For cancer patients, life-threatening complications may be difficult to anticipate, leading to complex medical decision-making processes. Since 2015, the Gustave Roussy Cancer Center has implemented a major institutional program including a Decision-Aid Form (ADF), outlining the anticipation of appropriate care for patient in case of worsening evolution. Methods: Between January and May 2017, all patients transferred from Site 1 to Site 2 of the hospital were prospectively included. In this study, we assessed the acceptability of the ADF, its using and its impact on the patient’s becoming. Results: Out of 206 patients included, 89.3% had an ADF. The planned stratification of care was notified in practically all cases. Conversely, the involvement of the palliative care team was notified in only 29% of the ADF. The value of the WHO/ECOG Performance Status was limited, varying between physicians. Finally, the field “information for patients and relatives” was insufficiently completed. Although a possible transfer to Intensive Care Unit was initially proposed in two-thirds of the patients, the majority (76%) of the 35 patients experiencing an acute event received exclusive medical or palliative care. The level of therapeutic commitment suggested by the ADF was never upgraded, and often revised towards less aggressive care, and especially without excess mortality for the patients who were initially designated to be eligible for intensive care. Moreover, the patient's survival at 6 months seems to be correlated with the anticipated level of care recorded on the FAD (Log-rank P value < 0,0001). Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that setting up a care stratification file in advance is possible in a French cultural setting and it could be helpful for clarifying prognosis assessment. To achieve complete acculturation, our extensive institutional program remains a cornerstone for the development of advance care planning. Since 2017, this program has widely spreaded ADF which is now integrated into the electronic medical record. Each physician can complete and modify the patient's ADF at any stage of the patient's disease course.

Tourism employee pro-environmental behavior: An integrated multi-level model

Employee pro-environmental behavior (E-PEB) is a complex phenomenon influenced by various level factors simultaneously. Previous single-level models are not enough to reveal the sophisticated relationships. This study proposes a multi-level model by integrating traditional individual, organizational, relational level constructs and a new proposed situational construct (e. g., national park goal identification). The model is tested in a national park-based tourism firm context. Five hundred ninety-nine employees of tourism firms located in two famous Chinese national parks and their gateway communities were surveyed offline and online. The results reveal that the two relational variables (i.e., national park goal identification and attitude toward environmental CSR) have significant effects on private E-PEB, while the organizational level variable (i.e., environmental CSR perception) significantly affects public E-PEB. This study contributes to E-PEB knowledge by providing a more comprehensive perspective from the multi-level model, especially integrating the national park factor and revealing the different influence mechanisms for private and public E-PEB.

Developmental goals during the transition to young adulthood

Adolescents navigate the transition into young adulthood through their pursuit of developmental goals. While societal expectations and institutions provide normed paths to adulthood by shaping decisions on goal identification, individuals take various routes to attain adult-status through different goal prioritization. Using longitudinal data from a U.S. sample of 1,088 adolescents (55.6% female; 25.3% Whites, 19.8% Asians, 30.4% Latinx, 12.6% Multiracial), we identified young adults’ major developmental goal and subgoal trajectories during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood. Participants nominated goals within a 5-year period starting from the final year of secondary school, and responses were categorized into major developmental goals. Results showed moderate goal stability over time. Although career and education goals were initially prioritized, they were less frequently nominated over time while relational and financial goals became more frequent. However, rank-order stability was retained. Findings also showed that individual differences in education and employment status, motivational factors, gender, and ethnicity predicted goal identification in young adulthood. Collectively, findings reveal both general trends and interindividual differences in goals that highlight the interplay between society and individual agency, ultimately leading to different paths taken during the transition to adulthood.

Formation of the approach towards development of lifecycle model for the integrated security systems

The subject of this research is the integrated security systems and the processes of their continuous improvement during the lifecycle. The goal lies in examination of the problem of systematization of lifecycle processes of the integrated security systems and formalization of their lifecycle model, taking into consideration the available practices of building security systems. The effectiveness of complex system support processes is first and foremost determined by the accurate identification of management goals and objectives, which requires an the lifecycle model adequate to the controlled object. Since the integrated security system has the characteristics of both, capital construction (engineering networks) and technical system (integration platform), the question of improvement of the lifecycle model is relevant. The main research results are as follows: substantiation of the problem of systematization of lifecycle models of the integrated security systems; analysis of the approaches towards their standardization, and substantiation of lifecycle model of the integrated security systems based on the system accounting of conducted operations. The novelty of the proposed model lies in the improvement of reference models of the integrated security systems by taking into account the entirety of reconfiguration and modernization operations. Description is given to the problem of systematization of lifecycle processes of the integrated security systems, which occurs due to the possibility of their classification as different groups of the complex systems. The offered lifecycle model of the integrated security systems through systematization of regulatory requirements is an attempt to acquire a non-contradictory list of measures in creation and operation of the integrated security systems. The results of this research can be used in practical activity of the employees of onsite security service in the context of development of the integrated security system. The implementation of the offered lifecycle model of the integrated security system in the processes of their development would allow systematizing the structure of processes, arranging the functions and activity of the departments on the continuous logistic support of the integrated security systems, and ensuring their consistent improvement.

Point of view: Wearable systems for at-home monitoring of motor complications in Parkinson's disease should deliver clinically actionable information

Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects over six million people globally. PD leads to devastating chronic motor manifestations such as bradykinesia/akinesia, rigidity, gait disturbance, and tremor. PD symptoms are managed by adjusting the schedule and dose of PD medications such as levodopa and dopamine agonists. However, PD patients at mid- and advanced-stages of the disease frequently experience additional treatment-related motor complications such as troubling motor fluctuations between mobile (ON) and akinetic (OFF) states and abnormal, involuntary dyskinetic movements [1]. At this stage, effective medication adjustments require accurate knowledge about the nature of patients’ motor complications over a typical day. The current clinical protocol entails obtaining this information through periodic clinical examinations and patient interviews. However, patient interviews can be unreliable and limited by recall bias [2]. Clinical examinations may only provide a snapshot of motor functioning, hence failing to capture an accurate picture of motor complications [3]. Rapid advancements in sensing technologies provide user-friendly wearables with a long battery life that can be worn by PD patients and used to unobtrusively assess motor symptoms during activities of daily living (ADL). Such sensing technologies can be tailored for use in monitoring PD patients at home to generate clinically actionable information that can be provided to the treating physician to make individualized therapeutic recommendations (Table 1) [4,5]. Commercially available wearable devices such as Kinesia360™ (Great Lakes NeuroTechnologies), Personal KinetiGraph® (PKG®) (Global Kinetics Corporation Ltd.), REMPARK (Sense4Care), and PERFORM [6] have various characteristics and deliverables to assess motor complications, but adoption and implementation in clinical practice have been slow and limited [7]. Contributing factors to such inconsistency might include delays in patient acceptance and adherence to wearing new technology, clinician acceptance, or issues with cost and insurance coverage. However, in an attempt to look beyond the technology life cycle to better understand this inconsistency, we sought to review the current status of these devices and explore possible gaps between the capabilities of their underlying algorithms compared to the requirements for an accurate motor complication monitoring system that can facilitate effective therapeutic adjustments. It is our view that a major factor contributing to slow adoption of at-home monitoring systems of motor complications is based on the practical utility of the existing deliverables from such devices, which are mainly determined by their underlying algorithms. We propose that if revised algorithms can be used to generate data that can be interpreted more reliably in the context of widely accepted and understood clinical measures, this would create more convincing evidence for the clinicians to utilize these devices and the insurance companies to support coverage. Table 1 Clinically actionable information required for precise identification of therapeutic goals and example medication adjustments to optimize PD control.

Strategic analysis of the real estate sector: new aspects and requirements

The present time is increasingly characterized as a time of conflicts and shocks. The conditions of permanent destabilization of economic and social processes, the breakdown of the cultural model of development and the unprecedented pace of innovative changes that precede the transition to an integrated world economic system, required the restructuring of the real estate sector. Identification of goals, directions, and tools of restructuring that are adequate to contemporary concepts, accumulated experience, and best international practices is becoming almost a decisive factor for the successful radical transformation of the real estate sector. It forms a new living space responding to the demands of the production and consumer sectors of the national economy. The performed analysis of the requirements for the strategic analysis of the up-to-date real estate sector showed the urgent need to correct the meanings of development in accordance with the new culture of evaluating its effectiveness, eliminating false optimistic assessments of real estate as an investment asset, and forming up-to-date requirements not only to new construction but also to all forms of real estate reproduction.

METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROVIDING STRATEGIES

The main trend in recent times has been the impact of business on all aspects of society, which in turn, has increased the importance of corporate social responsibility. Business is directly related to the well-being of people, their material, social and intellectual needs, the reduction of inequality and the eradication of unemployment. The enterprises social responsibility is an objective stage in their further development, responding to the challenges of a world economy with a dynamically changing environment. The aim of the study is to support a strategic corporate social responsibility management approach that addresses the social needs of the external and internal environment of enterprises. The article proposes a scientific approach to the choice of methods and tools for strategic planning of enterprises social responsibility. The usage of generally accepted recommendations for the development of a company strategy to justify the stages of CSR strategy development has been proposed. Throughout the development of the Strategic Management Theory, the stages of strategy development have been formed, the usefulness of which is uncontroversial. The methodological basis of the study is a set of general scientific methods, such as theoretical synthesis, comparison, as well as a systematic approach to the development of coherent strategies for different levels of enterprise management, with an emphasis on CSR principles. The strategy development methodology includes the phases of mission and goal identification, strategic analysis, development of strategic options, selection of strategies and evaluation of strategy implementation. The content of each phase should therefore be consistent with the other strategies of the strategic management process in developing the CSR strategy. Certain tools are proposed for each stage of the CSR strategy management.

Herbal treatment for migraine

Migraine is a debilitating neurovascular disorder with a number of targeted, tolerant and effective treatments. The formulation made in plant-based plants, holds great promise in the identification of new therapeutic goals for migraine. Therefore, safety and performance tests are essential. We are reviewing some of the phytomedicines that may be useful in the treatment of migraine-feverfew (Tanacetum Parthenium), butterbur (Petasites hybridus), menthol (Mentha piperita), coriander (C. sativum), Ginkgobiloba (Gingko macrophylla K. Koch), Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), Matricaria chamomilla (Matricaria recutita), Curcumin (Curcuma longa), Lavender (Lavandula spica) in terms of their mechanisms and evidence of migraine treatment. The results of this systematic review suggest that many herbal remedies, through their many physiological influences, emerge as options for improving migraine treatment. However, other high-level studies are important to evaluate their effectiveness and safety as a treatment for migraine.