Identification Code Research Articles

Gender-Based Violence at the “One Stop Center” Unit of the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes

Introduction: The gender-based violence (GBV) is the set of abuses, means of coercion and physical, sexual, emotional, psychological, economic and educational threats against an individual because of their gender or sexual identity [2]. The objective was to study gender-based violence at the "One Stop Center" unit of Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2022, a period of 12 months. The study focused on survivors of gender-based violence received for consultation in the "One Stop Center" unit of Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes. The data were collected on a survey form from medical records, the gender-based violence register, requisitions and medical certificates. Data were entered into Microsoft Word 2016 and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Each survivor had an identification code. Confidentiality and anonymity were respected. Results: During the study period, we collected 79 cases of gender-based violence out of a total of 8,404 cases of gynecological and obstetrical consultations, i.e. a frequency of 0.94%. The most affected age group was 11 to 19 years old with 41 cases or 51.9%. The average age was 16.54 years old and the age limits were 2 and 35 years old. In the profession, children and adolescents not in school were the most represented with 29 cases or 36.7%. Women residing in urban areas were the most represented with 55 cases or 69.6%. Single women were the most represented with 53 cases or 67.1%. Eighty-nine percent of survivors came with a requisition against 11%. Rape was the main reason for consultation with 24 cases or 30.4%. Sexual assault was the most common type of violence with 53 cases or 67.0%. In the sample, we recorded 1 HIV positive case, 2 cases of positive Hbs antigen, 2 cases of positive pregnancy test. There were two cases of surgical management with suture for cases of rape with vulvar lesions and a second-degree perineal tear. Twenty-six cases out of the 79 cases collected were prosecuted. There were about ten cases of conviction. Conclusion: Gender-based violence is a tragedy and can have psychological, physical and even obstetric repercussions in the short, medium and long term because the survivors are mainly fragile minors.

The role of exercise-based prehabilitation in enhancing surgical outcomes for patients with digestive system cancers: a meta-analysis

BackgroundPrehabilitation is a crucial component of tumor rehabilitation that attempts to improve patients’ preoperative health, although its efficacy in treating patients with cancers of the digestive system is still up for debate.MethodsThe records from PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Scopus, CNKI and Wan fang database up to November 2024 were systematically searched. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was employed for evaluating the risk of bias in each study, and the PRISMA 2020 checklist provided by the EQUATOR network was utilized.ResultsThrough quality analysis, 20 articles were included, involving 1719 patients. Although its effect on severe complications is still unknown, the prehabilitation significantly decreased overall postoperative complications when compared to standard care, with a risk ratio (RR) of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65 to 0.84). Despite not shortening the postoperative hospital stay (MD: -0.13, 95% CI: -0.29 to 0.03), prehabilitation demonstrated notable improvements in the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), with preoperative gains (MD: 25.87, 95% CI: 14.49 to 37.25) and sustained benefits at 4 weeks postoperatively (MD: 22.48, 95% CI: 7.85 to 37.12). However, no significant differences in 6MWD were observed at 6 or 8 weeks postoperatively. The average improvement in 6MWD from baseline to preoperative was 28.99 (95% CI: 10.89 to 47.08, P = 0.002), and from 4 weeks postoperative to baseline, it was 25.95 (95% CI: 6.84 to 45.07, P = 0.008), with no significant change at 8 weeks. The acceptance and completion rates of prehabilitation were commendably high at 61% (95% CI: 47–75%) and 90% (95% CI: 87–93%), respectively, alongside a relatively low dropout rate of 10% (95% CI: 7% to13%).ConclusionsPrehabilitation reduces postoperative complications and improves short-term physical function in digestive surgery patients, with good patient acceptance; however, the long-term effects are unknown due to a lack of follow-up data.RegistrationIt was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with the identification code CRD42022361100.

Factors Influencing Adolescent COVID-19 Vaccination During the Omicron Surge.

While most adolescents experience mild-COVID-19 infection, those with underlying medical conditions have an increased risk of severe health outcomes. Furthermore, compared with other pediatric populations, adolescents have experienced higher rates of COVID-19-associated hospitalization. COVID-19 vaccine decision-making in adolescents during COVID-19 surges is not well understood. Our objective was to explore factors influencing parental and adolescents' COVID-19 vaccine decision-making during the Omicron winter 2021/2022 surge. Participants were recruited from an academic pediatric primary care clinic. Eligible adolescents (aged 12-17 years) who received their first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine between December 2021 and February 2022 were recruited to participate in a semistructured interview with their parent. Perspectives were illuminated through thematic analysis of the data that included coding and pattern identification. Ten parent-adolescent dyads' interview data were analyzed and classified into three principal themes influencing vaccine acceptance during the Omicron surge: perceived risk of COVID-19 infection, family member influence, and clear, two-way communication with a clinician. Despite widespread COVID-19 vaccine availability for adolescents, vaccination rates remain suboptimal even during times of increased disease prevalence. Using health promotion practices to emphasize perceived risk of infection while navigating family dynamics through two-way communication during COVID-19 surges may support vaccine uptake.

Evaluation of COVID-19 Diagnosis Codes for Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in a Nursing Home Cohort, 2022-2023.

This study aimed to evaluate the utility of electronic health record (EHR) diagnosis codes for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infections among nursing home residents. A retrospective cohort study design was used to analyze data collected from nursing homes operating under the tradename Signature Healthcare between January 2022 and June2023. Data from 31,136 nursing home residents across 76 facilities in Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Ohio, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Virginia were included. Resident demographics, diagnosis codes associated with clinical diagnoses (including COVID-19), and SARS-CoV-2 testing information were collected from the EHR and supplemental testing data sources. We described the rates of infection and the clinical characteristics of residents with incident-positive SARS-CoV-2 tests and new-onset COVID-19 diagnoses. Positive predictive values (PPVs) of COVID-19 diagnosis codes were calculated for residents stratified by whether a resident was continuously present in a facility for ±3days from the diagnosis onset date listed in EHRs, using positive SARS-CoV-2 tests to confirm infection. A total of 4876 incident-positive SARS-CoV-2 tests and 6346 new-onset COVID-19 diagnoses were recorded during the study period. Weekly rates of new-onset diagnoses were significantly higher than positive test rates, although trends followed similar trajectories. Among residents continuously present in the nursing home ±3days from the diagnosis onset date, the PPV of COVID-19 diagnosis codes was high (3395 of 3685= 92%; 95% CI, 91%-93%). The PPV among this group significantly varied by study quarter (P < .001). The PPV was substantially lower for 2661 diagnoses among residents not continuously present in the nursing home (24%; 95% CI, 22%-26%). This study demonstrates the utility of diagnosis codes for assessment of COVID-19 epidemiology and trends when testing data are unavailable for residents during their stay in a nursing home. Future research should explore strategies to evaluate the utility of diagnosis codes at admission and discharge to nursing homes to enhance surveillance efforts.

3D technology applied to preserve cultural heritage: Historical monument Castelul Fermecat

New research strategies for the conservation and 3D reconstruction of cultural heritage allow the implementation of virtual web navigation systems that are useful for their virtual realization. In this paper is presented an optimized workflow for 3D modeling and scanning of the historical monument Castelul Fermecat located in the Nicolae Romanescu National Park in Craiova, Dolj County, Romania. 3D scanning was performed both inside and outside the building, topographic measurements were made for integration in the National Stereographic Projection System 1970 and in the final part all the obtained data were combined resulting in a complex 3D representation of the building. 3D scanning of the Castelul Fermecat was carried out with a view to its inventory by the Craiova City Hall - Heritage Department and its promotion by the owner for tourism and commercial purposes. Castelul Fermecat, together with the Nicolae Romanescu National Park and other objectives in it, is on the list of historical monuments with identification code DJ-II-a-A-07924.

Illegal ship identification system based on trajectory similarity measurement

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) relies on the identification code (MMSI) of a vessel to identify it and records its trajectory data, which is an important technical means for modern maritime management. However, there are some vessels that violate regulations by opening multiple AIS transponders, resulting in multiple location trajectory records for the same vessel. This behavior is difficult to distinguish through traditional means and has a negative impact on the accuracy and effectiveness of maritime management, thereby threatening the safety of navigation. This system uses big data processing tool Spark to efficiently process and analyze large amounts of AIS data and detects the similarity of vessel trajectories to automatically identify the violating vessels that open multiple AIS transponders. In this way, the system not only improves the detection efficiency of violations, but also provides more reliable evidence for maritime management departments to ensure the safety and order of navigation routes.

Analysis of prognosis of neurological sequelae in children with carbon monoxide poisoning

This study retrospectively analyzed children admitted to the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University for CO (carbon monoxide) poisoning from January 2018 to December 2022 and followed up on their neurological sequelae for a long time. The study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University (the identification code was KY2023131) and informed consent was obtained from all participants and/or their legal guardians. The study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki. Through Global Deterioration Scale [GDS], we further compared the differences between children with and without cognitive impairment, and identified some risk factors for long-term cognitive impairment in children after CO poisoning. The GDS score of the patient was based on the follow-up score, and we only conducted one follow-up and recorded the GDS score throughout the entire study period. The follow-up time interval is defined as the time from the first discharge of the patient to our follow-up. A total of 113 children were encompassed in the study, with an average follow-up of 3.6 years (3.6 ± 1.5 years). Among them, 13 children (11.5%, 13/113) had cognitive abnormalities. The utilization of gas water heaters in enclosed bathrooms (101 cases, 89.4%) constituted the most frequent cause of CO poisoning among children in this study, followed by heating with fire (11 cases, 9.7%). Furthermore, one child was left by his father in a running car, thereby resulting in poisoning. The clinical manifestations of CO poisoning in children were mainly consciousness disorders (67 cases, 59.3%), dizziness or headache (37 cases, 32.7%), and other manifestations including irritability, crying, vomiting, limb weakness, and limb twitching, a total of 9 cases. The duration of consciousness disorders in children with cognitive abnormalities was mostly more than one day, with a median of 5 days, and the hospitalization time was longer. Children with cognitive abnormalities had higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, higher D-dimer levels, and higher liver enzyme levels. The most common imaging change after CO poisoning in children was cerebral edema, with two cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage observed and one case of demyelinating changes observed. For children with coma time less than one hour, there were few abnormal changes in cranial imaging. Children with cognitive abnormalities were more likely to develop epilepsy (38.5%, 5/13) and other system damage (53.8%, 7/13) during hospitalization, including pulmonary infection (3 cases), stressful gastrointestinal bleeding (2 cases), electrolyte imbalance (2 cases), dysfunction of liver, kidney or myocardial (3 cases), and some children had multiple system damage at the same time. There were statistical differences in the admission CO hemoglobin level, fibrinogen, D-dimer, high-sensitivity CRP, neuron enolase, alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase (ALT or AST), lactate dehydrogenase, length of hospital stay, discharge and admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), seizure frequency, duration of consciousness disorders more than one day, cranial imaging changes, use of ventilators, presence of other system damage, the number of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatments, and whether the patients were transferred to another hospital between the two groups of children. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that head imaging changes and consciousness disorders lasting for more than a day were statistical differences. For children with unconsciousness lasting for more than one hour, it is advisable to contemplate conducting a head imaging examination as soon as possible within 3 days after CO exposure to guide the treatment during the acute phase.Characteristic alterations in cranial imaging and a longer duration of consciousness disorders (exceeding one day) might be correlated with subsequent neurological sequelae. For children with CO poisoning presenting these characteristics, active treatment can be implemented, encompassing but not restricted to HBO treatments, to minimize subsequent damage to the greater extent possible. So, for children who were unconscious for more than one day or presented characteristic changes in cranial imaging, long-term follow-up should be carried out to determine whether delayed encephalopathy or subsequent cognitive impairment occurs.

Exploring seismic warning thresholds for vehicle-track systems through combined shaking table tests and dynamic numerical simulations

This study conducted vehicle-track shaking table model tests at the Seismic Laboratory of the China Academy of Building Research, employing both unidirectional (horizontal) and bidirectional (horizontal and vertical) seismic waves. Discussions were made on the dynamic response of the vehicle-track system and the mechanism of derailment, providing data support for the research on seismic early warning thresholds for vehicles. Additionally, three-dimensional finite element numerical simulations were performed on the vehicle-track dynamic model, successfully incorporating track irregularities into the model. In this paper, the main conclusions are as follows: The limits of the wheel load reduction rate and that of the derailment coefficient specified in China’s national standard “Code for Dynamic Performance Evaluation and Test Identification of Railway Vehicles” are conservative. The primary cause of vehicle derailment was identified as horizontal vibration of the track structure induced by seismic activity. Different seismic waves have varying effects on the dynamic response of the vehicle-track model, necessitating further research on the impact of seismic wave spectrum characteristics on vehicle safety during operation. When horizontal and vertical seismic waves are simultaneously applied, horizontal seismic waves have a greater impact on dynamic response. The numerical simulation results align well with experimental results, confirming the accuracy of the vehicle-track dynamic numerical model. It is recommended to adopt a more conservative seismic early warning threshold of 0.04 g to ensure the safety of train operation.

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Virtual Reality Curriculum to Support Firearm Safety Counseling Skills Among Pediatric Residents.

Background Firearm-related injury is the leading cause of death among US children and adolescents. Residents across specialties report low preparedness to provide firearm safety counseling. Virtual reality (VR) may offer a modality to support residents' skills through deliberate practice in a simulated setting. Objective To describe a novel screen-based VR curriculum on firearm safety counseling and report feasibility and acceptability outcomes, including residents' perceptions. Methods Fifteen senior pediatric residents were recruited from 2 large children's hospitals. The curriculum included 4 simulated scenarios in VR during which residents verbally counseled graphical caregivers who responded in real time, driven by a human facilitator. The curriculum focused on introducing firearm safety, discussing storage devices, and navigating the conversation through motivational interviewing. Following participation, residents completed the Measurement, Effects, Conditions Spatial Presence Questionnaire (MEC-SPQ) to indicate the degree of immersion in the virtual environment. Additional study data were derived from semistructured interviews. We used a constructivist general inductive approach to explore perspectives via coding and pattern identification. Results Quantitatively 14 of 14 residents completing the survey indicated notable attention allocation and spatial presence in the VR environment. During the 15 interviews, residents identified VR as an acceptable modality for deliberate practice of firearm safety counseling skills in a realistic, scaffolded manner. They indicated the rehearsal of specific verbiage as critical to supporting behavior change. Notably, residents reported that the training helped overcome prior barriers to counseling by providing a framework for efficient counseling. Conclusions Among pediatric residents, VR proved a feasible and acceptable modality for training on firearm safety counseling.

Internet-Based Mass Communication in Multi-Level Marketing Companies Operating in Poland

ABSTRACT This study examines the areas of Internet-based mass communication (websites, social media) utilized by multi-level marketing (MLM) companies operating in Poland, using methods including literature review, descriptive analysis, and statistical analysis of primary data. Findings reveal that the most popular MLM websites in Poland are those of foreign-owned companies with over 16 years of operation, which attract more smartphone users, especially among younger firms with high mobile engagement. Average visit duration is around 4 minutes, with longer visits on established global sites, while about half of all visits result in a bounce. Most of the MLM websites examined have content in Polish, primarily featuring product information, company details, and contact information, alongside product and partnership options and required privacy policies. Social media presence is less significant, with Facebook being the most utilized platform, particularly by older firms; Polish-language profiles are rare on more time-intensive platforms like YouTube. Facebook holds the highest average user count, especially for firms operating for over 21 years. This study lays a foundation that may support the first formal classification of MLM enterprises in Poland and inform governmental policies on MLM regulation and PKD code identification. Despite the study’s limitations, the findings contribute a preliminary understanding of MLM companies’ online communication strategies in Poland, paving the way for future qualitative and quantitative research.

Research on Methods for Developing Software Identification Codes in Automotive Software Update Management Regulations

As vehicles become increasingly digitized and intelligent, with growing demands for functional iterations, software updates (OTA) are becoming more frequent. National regulatory agencies have taken corresponding measures to address the risks associated with automotive software updates. To enhance the automotive industry's standards and maintaina healthy industry ecosystem, it is urgent to establish requirements for managing software identification codes and tracking software changes. Current software update management documents, primarily the UN R156 regulation and the forthcoming GB "General Technical Requirements for Automotive Software Updates," specify requirements for software identification codes. Based on the UN R156 regulation and research on existing automotive code systems in China, we propose ideas and methods for developing software identification codes.

Study on the influence of fire source location on cable tunnel detection and alarm system

In order to study the fire detection method of cable tunnel. We carried out physical experiments in the cable tunnel test section, using the heater pyrolyze PVC so that its pyrolysis as the ignition source obtained a total of 17 fire source location points in the horizontal and vertical directions of seven different fire detectors, and only processed the response time data of the alarm detector obtained the response time and the analysis results were drawn. With the increase of the distance from the fire source, the response time of each type of detector increases in different forms. It is found that the detection distance of the grating fiber temperature sensor is shorter, and the response time near the fire source is more stable. The detection performance of the point pyrolytic particle detector is more affected by the detection distance, which is advantageous for the detection point to have better response performance. The intelligent active suction detector is also affected by the detection distance, which is less affected than the point detector, the response time curve is more stable, and the detection performance is better at each test point. Clc numberX Document Identification Code; A.

Detecting command injection attacks in web applications based on novel deep learning methods

Web command injection attacks pose significant security threats to web applications, leading to potential server information leakage or severe server disruption. Traditional detection methods struggle with the increasing complexity and obfuscation of these attacks, resulting in poor identification of malicious code, complicated feature extraction processes, and low detection efficiency. To address these challenges, a novel detection model, the Convolutional Channel-BiLSTM Attention (CCBA) model, is proposed, leveraging deep learning techniques to enhance the identification of web command injection attacks. The model utilizes dual CNN convolutional channels for comprehensive feature extraction and employs a BiLSTM network for bidirectional recognition of temporal features. An attention mechanism is also incorporated to assign weights to critical features, improving the model’s detection performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the CCBA model achieves 99.3% accuracy and 98.2% recall on a real-world dataset. To validate the robustness and generalization of the model, tests were conducted on two widely recognized public cybersecurity datasets, consistently achieving over 98% accuracy. Compared to existing methods, the proposed model offers a more effective solution for identifying web command injection attacks.

Fault diagnosis of transformer based on XGBoost

Abstract. With the continuous development of technology, the fault diagnosis of transformer is also continuously advancing. Traditional fault diagnosis methods such as the three-ratio method and the characteristic gas method have the disadvantages of missing coding and limited identification capabilities. Data-driven fault diagnosis methods can integrate various information for data analysis to accurately diagnose the type of fault. This paper proposes a fault diagnosis method for transformers based on the XGBoost model. First, the input data is selected for the ratio feature engineering, and the obtained ratios are also used as input data, and then the input data is normalized for data preprocessing. Secondly, the XGBoost model is introduced, which minimizes the prediction errors in each round of gradient boosting, thereby improving the accuracy and recall rate. Finally, through case analysis, comparisons are made with other methods in various performance indicators, and the accuracy is improved. The results show that the XGBoost is more accurate in the fault diagnosis of transformers, proving that the research has certain value and significance.

Plate, short nail, or long nail? Revision rates and complications of three different treatments for peritrochanteric femur fractures

BackgroundWe sought to investigate the relationship between peritrochanteric femur fracture (OTA 31A fractures) fixation and rates of peri-implant fracture, rates of transfusion, and the rates of increased dependence after secondary surgery for fracture for short cephalomedullary nails (SCMN), long cephalomedullary nails (LCMN), and plate and screw devices (PSD). MethodsMulti center retrospective study involving data collected from 151 Level I-IV trauma centers using ICD9/10 and CPT codes for identification. 13,197 patients with peritrochanteric femur fractures between 2016 and 2021 were included in analysis. ResultsWe report no significant difference in peri-implant fractures in extramedullary and intramedullary devices (LCMN 50, 0.84 %; SCMN 57, 0.88 %; PSD 6, 0.74 %; p = 0.91) as well as no significant difference in the rates of discharge to home after surgical fixation of a peri-implant fracture. ConclusionsThere is no difference in peri-implant fracture rates between SCMN, LCMN, and PSD methods of fixation for peritrochanteric femur fractures. Therefore, longer implants do not seem to protect the femur from future peri-implant fracture when compared to shorter implants. Further analysis is needed to more fully elucidate the morbidity associated with readmission and revision of peri-implant fractures following fixation of peritrochanteric femur fractures. Level of evidenceTherapeutic Level III.

A short-term evaluation of oral hygiene education methods in fixed orthodontics patients: a randomized clinical trial comparing assistant training, software, and social media

ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of different oral hygiene education strategies on periodontal health in fixed orthodontic patients in a one-month period: assistant-led instruction, social media-based education, and custom-made software.MethodsSixty orthodontic patients from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences’ Dentistry School were randomly assigned into three groups. Each group received oral health education differently: via assistant instruction, educational videos on social media, or a researcher-designed software for Android smartphones. After a month, participants’ oral health was evaluated using the plaque index (PI) and the gingival index (GI).ResultsAssistant-led education group demonstrated the highest PI (1.26 ± 0.70) and GI (0.92 ± 0.67), while the software group reported the lowest indices (PI = 0.68, GI = 0.46 ± 0.46). The social media group’s measurements fell between these extremes (PI = 0.89 ± 0.75, GI = 0.60 ± 0.52). Significant group differences were found for both PI and GI (P = 0.028 and P = 0.047, respectively). Pairwise comparison revealed significantly lower PI and GI in the software group compared to the assistant group. No significant differences were found between the social media and other groups.ConclusionOur results suggest that the use of specially designed software could be the most effective strategy for improving oral hygiene in orthodontic patients. Meanwhile, traditional assistant-led education showed the least effectiveness. The study supports the potential benefit of utilizing digital tools, such as bespoke software and social media, in oral health education for orthodontic patients.Trial registrationThe study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) database with the identification code IRCT20200609047705N2 in 13.07.2021.

Barriers of persistent long-lasting insecticidal nets utilization in Northwest Ethiopia: a qualitative study

BackgroundMalaria continues a significant public health challenge in Ethiopia, with Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) proving effective in reducing transmission. Despite their effectiveness, consistent LLIN utilization is influenced by various factors. While previous research has quantitatively analyzed LLIN ownership and usage, there is a lack of in-depth examination of the behavioral, sociocultural, socioeconomic, and distribution-related factors affecting their sustained use. This study aimed to explore barriers to persistent LLIN use among communities in northwest Ethiopia.MethodsThe study area found in Northwest Ethiopia, specifically in East Belessa District, is located at 12° 14’ 60.00” N latitude and 37° 44’ 59.99” E longitude, with an altitude between 1,200 and 1,800 m above sea level. Thirty-nine community members from five focus group discussions, along with five key informants, were interviewed between February 1st and 30th, 2020, about their use of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs). An interpretive description approach was employed to explore local contexts and factors affecting LLIN utilization. Focus group participants were selected based on residency status, pregnancy, caretaking of under-five children, and experience with LLINs. Key informants included health extension workers and the woreda malaria officer. Data were organized and analyzed using Open Code Version 4.03 software, with coding and theme identification conducted accordingly.ResultsAll 44 community members from the five focus group discussions and the five key informants participated fully in the study. The study categorized its findings into three main themes: knowledge of malaria and Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN) use, perception of malaria threat, and barriers to sustained LLIN utilization. It identified factors spanning individual, socio-cultural, institutional, and socio-economic realms that impede consistent LLIN usage. Key hindrances include cultural misinterpretations, discomfort from heat and bed bugs, diverse net shapes, insufficient sleeping spaces, lack of awareness, inadequate distribution, neglect of vulnerable groups, misuse of non-sleeping purposes, hesitancy to hang nets, and restricted accessibility.ConclusionsThis study reveals that practical concerns, including inadequate access to LLINs, distribution issues, discomfort from net shape and warmth, and unintended uses for non-malaria purposes, impact LLIN utilization. Socio-cultural norms, housing conditions, and varied understanding of malaria also contribute to inconsistent LLIN use. Strategies like providing compatible nets and comprehensive education could improve the Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets program’s effectiveness in the area.

Consumers’ Perceptions and Behaviors Regarding Honey Purchases and Expectations on Traceability and Sustainability in Italy

Traceability is a cornerstone of sustainable honey production and consumption. Honey fraud and a lack of traceability have been recently highlighted by the European Commission. Innovative systems aimed at guaranteeing food safety ’from farm to fork’ and improved controls are highly recommended. Within the framework of the BPRACTICES project, part of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, and the ERA-Net SusAn initiative—focused on Sustainable Animal Production Systems—an advanced traceability system has been developed. This system utilizes QR code and radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, along with a user-friendly web application, to facilitate direct interactions between producers and consumers. Despite existing research, studies on the information needs of Italian consumers regarding honey and its traceability remain limited. Understanding these needs is vital for creating effective communication strategies that enhance consumer satisfaction and trust. This study aims to identify the needs of Italian consumers’ honey during the purchasing and consumption decisions. To explore consumer perceptions, behaviors, expectations, and needs regarding honey, we employed diverse social research methodologies, including a quantitative online survey, paper-and-pencil interviews, and focus groups. The results of this study indicate a robust demand for more information on honey’s origin, production processes, and beekeeping practices, aligning with the recent EU Directive 2024/1438, which mandates clear labeling. Italian consumers would be willing to pay a premium for honey that offers detailed information about production practices and transparency. The positive reception of QR code technology by consumers suggests a growing openness to digital tools that enhance transparency and access to information. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the need for the beekeeping sector to adopt sustainable practices, improve traceability systems, and actively engage with consumers to foster trust and ensure long-term viability in the honey market. By addressing these information needs, the sector can align itself with increasing consumer demand for quality, sustainability, and transparency.

Management Challenges in Implementing the &lt;i&gt;Merdeka &lt;/i&gt;Curriculum

This study focuses on implementing the Merdeka curriculum from the perspective of its management challenges, exploring the experiences and perceptions of stakeholders related to implementing the Merdeka Curriculum at MAN Jombang and using a qualitative study, interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques. Data analysis used data reduction, coding, and theme identification stages. To ensure data validity, the researcher applied source triangulation. The study findings indicate that implementing the Merdeka Curriculum faces challenges related to technology access and teacher readiness. Technology limitations, including unequal access to devices, hinder effective project-based learning, and administrative staff acknowledge the need for infrastructure improvements. Students appreciate the curriculum's focus on personal interests but need more guidance to navigate independent learning. Teachers have received training in project-based learning, but many teachers need help implementing new methods effectively. Although progress has been made, continued support, increased resources, and collaborative efforts among stakeholders are critical to successfully implementing the Merdeka Curriculum and improving educational outcomes. Limitations of the study include limited observation time and potential bias in participant responses. This study has yet to explore the long-term impacts of implementing the Merdeka Curriculum. Stakeholder collaboration research can provide deeper insights into practical strategies to address challenges and improve educational outcomes in Islamic education.

The Rate of Subsequent Hallux Interphalangeal Joint Fusion after First Metatarsophalangeal Fusion: A Large-Scale National Database Study

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Other Introduction/Purpose: The development of adjacent joint arthritis following arthrodesis is a universal concern in orthopaedic surgery. Arthrodesis of the hallux metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint is an effective and commonly performed treatment for first MTP arthritis and other conditions. Despite its widespread use, the risk of symptomatic degeneration at the interphalangeal joint remains undetermined and is a common question from patients considering the procedure. This study investigated the rate of subsequent hallux interphalangeal joint (IPJ) fusion following arthrodesis of the first MTP joint using a large commercial database. Methods: Patients who underwent hallux interphalangeal arthrodesis after hallux metatarsophalangeal arthrodesis were identified from a large national commercial insurance database using CPT code identification (PearlDiver). The Kaplan-Meier curve for survivorship free of subsequent interphalangeal fusion was generated covering 10 years from the index operation. Results: Of 87,890 patients who had first metatarsophalangeal arthrodesis, 808 patients (0.91%) subsequently underwent subsequent hallux interphalangeal joint arthrodesis within 10 years. Because CPT codes were reported without laterality, it is possible that a small subset of patients may have undergone a subsequent contralateral IP fusion, and therefore this result should be regarded as an upper limit of the possible rate. Conclusion: This is the first large-scale data to address the common patient concern of subsequent degeneration of the interphalangeal joint following metatarsophalangeal fusion. The rate of subsequent fusion is less than 1%, a result that highlights the durability of the clinical result of the first MTP fusion and should reassure patients and surgeons considering the procedure relative to motion-sparing alternatives.