Identification Of Actinomycetes Research Articles

Characterization of Antibiotic Actinomycin D Isolated from Streptomyces parvulus Collected from Marine Sponge of Barrang Lompo Island, Makassar, Indonesia.

Microorganisms associated with sea sponges have proven to be good natural product resources that are biologically active and pharmaceutically important. This research aimed to identify actinomycetes related to a sponge from Bar-ranglompo Island Makassar and the antibacterial compounds. Identification of actinomycetes was based on molecular characterization of sequence gen16S rRNA. The antibacterial compound was separated using vacuum liquid chromatog-raphy and preparative Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The structure determination was done based on spectroscopy 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D NMR, and mass spectra. Molecular characterization showed that actinomycetes strain BLP 20 had the closest relationship with Streptomyces parvulus and Uncultured Streptomyces sp. with a similarity value of 83%. The results obtained from the characterization of antibacterial compounds based on spectroscopic data indicate that these compounds lead to Actinomycin D. Characterization and identification of Strain 20 / BLP by molecular phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA sequences revealed the closest relationship with Uncultured Streptomy-ces sp and S. parvulus with a similarity value of 83 %, which indicated a new species. The structure of the active compound isolated from actinomycetes strain 20 / BLP leads to Actino-mycin D.

Isolation and identification of Actinomycetes with antifungal activity from karts ecosystem in Maros-Pangkep, Indonesia

Abstract. Rante H, Manggau MA, Alam G, Pakki E, Erviani AE, Hafidah N, Abidin HL, Ali A. 2024. Isolation and identification of Actinomycetes with antifungal activity from karts ecosystem in Maros-Pangkep, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 458-464. Actinomycetes have yielded various biologically active secondary compounds with intriguing properties like antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer effects. This research aimed to isolate, identify, and screen the antifungi from soil environmental samples collected from the karst ecosystem in Maros-Pangkep, Indonesia. The active isolate is then fermented for the production of secondary metabolites. The fermentation process uses an M1 medium under agitated conditions at 150 rpm for 12 days. The isolate Actinomycetes were identified based on sequence gen 16S rRNA. Screening of antifungal activity was carried out against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 by antagonistic test. The diffusion method was applied using the paper disc to assess the antifungal activity. The result revealed that 8 isolates were purified from the soil samples collected. From the 8 isolates of Actinomycetes obtained, two Actinomycetes exhibited antifungal activities in the screening methods, namely isolates with code B11 and B 17. The crude extract of isolate B11 was active against C. albicans and A. niger at concentrations of 2 mg/paper disc, 1.5 mg/paper disc, and 0.75 mg/paper disc. Furthermore, isolate B17 was found to be only active against C. albicans. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that B11 showed the highest similarity to Streptomyces tuirus strain NBRC 15617.

Study of antibiosis of Streptomyces sp. from the land of shallot plants as biological agents of Fusariumsp. cause of Twisted diseases (Moler)

The use of bio pesticides and organic pesticides from secondary metabolic filtrate of APH microorganisms is one of the food and horticulture cultivation technology packages which are the basis for this research objective. The research objective was to explore, isolate and identify of Streptomyces sp. in the land of shallot plants (Abm) and the antibiosis against the pathogens Fusariumsp cause of Moler shallot plant in vitro. Observer of Quality and quantity characteristics of secondary metabolites as antibiosis, The results showed that Streptomyces sp from land of shallot plant (Abm) isolates producing little antibiosis less able to inhibit the development of the pathogens Fusariumsp cause of Moler shallot plant in vitro. The identification of Actinomycetes spp. based on the morphology characteristic showed that Actinomycetes isolates are closely related with Streptomyces sp.

Screening and Identification of Actinomycetes from animals’ dung for antimicrobial activity

Screening and Identification of Actinomycetes from animals’ dung for antimicrobial activity

Anti-Microbial Potential Of Environmental Actinomycetes Isolated From Desert

Actinomycetes are a group of gram-positive, filamentous bacteria that are known for their ability to produce bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties. In this study, environmental Actinomycetes were isolated from the desert soil and evaluated for their anti-microbial potential. The method involved the isolation and identification of Actinomycetes, followed by screening for anti-microbial activity against various pathogens. The results indicated that the Actinomycetes from the desert exhibited promising anti-microbial activity, suggesting their potential for the development of new antibiotics. This study highlights the importance of exploring unique environmental sources for novel bioactive compounds.

Short Communication: Antibacterial potential of Actinomycetes isolated from mangrove sediment in Tanjung Api-Api, South Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract. Rozirwan, Muda HI, Ulqodry TZ. 2020. Short Communication: Antibacterial potential of Actinomycetes isolated from mangrove sediment in Tanjung Api-Api, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5723-5728. Actinomycetes play an important role in the decomposition process of organic matter in mangrove sediments. This study was carried out to identify and evaluate the antagonistic activity of actinomycetes from mangrove sediment against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Identification of actinomycetes was performed based on morphological dan physiological characters. The antagonistic test was carried out against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of ten isolates had been successfully isolated and grouped into eight genera, including; Oerskovia H1, Micrococcus H2, Nocardia H3, Sporichtya H5, Corynebacterium H6, Jonesia H7, Actinomyces H10, and Streptomyces H8, H11, H12. Actinomycetes from mangrove sediment were gram-positive bacillus. The shape of the colony varied from circular to filamentous and irregular, with medium and large colony sizes. The colony appears white or yellow. The surface is convex and flat, aerobes and facultative anaerobes; capable of fermenting glucose. Five isolates have very strong growth inhibition activity against E. coli: Nocardia H3 (27.81mm ± 1.39), Actinomycetes H10 (27.75mm ± 2.48), Corynebacterium H6 (27.69mm ± 2.39), Micrococcus H2 (18.55mm ± 2.44), and Streptomyces H8 (17.92mm ± 2.70) while Streptomyces H8 (24.83mm ± 2.08), and Actinomycetes H10 (16.06mm ± 2.49) were active against S. aureus.

Screening and identification of actinomycetes having antimicrobial activity isolated from marine organisms and sediment samples in Ly Son island, Quang Ngai

The discovery of bioactive compounds from marine microorganisms for drug development has been currently widely studied. In which marine actinomycetes are highlighted as a potential source in finding antibiotics as well as substances with biological activity in general. The objective of this study is to isolate and screen the actinomycetes strains with antibacterial activity from the marine environment. Sixty one actinomycetes were isolated from 80 samples of marine organisms and sediments collected from Ly Son Island, Quang Ngai. The strains were fermented in the A1 medium and the culture broths were extracted by ethyl acetate and vacuum rotary evaporation to produce crude extracts. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts were carried out on 7 strains of tested microorganisms, including three strains of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Salmonella enterica ATCC13076), three Gram-positive strains (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212, Staphylococus aureus ATCC25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 13245), and yeast Candida albicans ATCC10231. The screening results showed that three strains with the highest antimicrobial activity (G330, G336 and G361) were capable of inhibiting 5 of the 7 tested microorganisms with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values ranging from 4 to 256 μg/mL, depending on each tested strain. Specifically, all three strains inhibited C. albicans ATCC10231 and three Gram-positive strains (E. faecalis ATCC29212, S. aureus ATCC25923, B. cereus ATCC 13245). In addition, G330 and G336 also showed the inhibitory activity to Gram negative strain S. enterica ATCC13076 with value of 256 µg/mL, G361 has a good inhibitory ability for E. coli ATCC25922 with MIC value of 8 µg/mL. The strains were identified by morphological and the 16S rRNA gene sequences. The results showed that 16S rRNA sequences of the strains had over 99% similarity to the 16S rRNA sequences on the GeneBank database, strains G336 and G361 belonged to the genus Salinispora, whereas strain G330 belonged to the genus Streptomyces. These results showed that marine environment has a great potential in solation of actinomycetes strains for the search for antibacterial substances as well as other biologically active compounds.

Isolation, plant growth-promoting traits, antagonistic effects on clinical and plant pathogenic organisms and identification of actinomycetes from olive rhizosphere

Soil actinomycetes are a highly common group of bacteria and frequently studied as having secondary metabolites in the potential of producing the most preferred antagonistic content. Considering the continuous variation in soil structure, there is a potential for encountering different organisms. Almost all of antibiotic contents are produced by these bacteria and their importance increase.In this study, eleven different actinomycetes strain were isolated from the rhizosphere of olive trees investigated for their plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits including ammonia production, indole-3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production with antagonistic activities against a set of pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. All actinomycetes were identified according to 16S rRNA regions were recognized in four different Streptomyces species but according to fatty acid analysis, there would be at least six different organisms. The potential for antagonistic and plant growth-promoting traits of olive tree rhizosphere actinomycetes were a promising tool for agricultural applications and clinical antibiotic resistance. Differentiation of organisms with the antagonism of pathogenic activities and PGP features could be a definitive method for future studies.

Isolation, Screening, and Identification of Actinomycetes with Antifungal and Enzyme Activity Assays against Colletotrichum dematium of Sarcandra glabra

A serious leaf disease caused by Colletotrichum dematium was found during the cultivation of Sarcandra glabra in Jingxi, Rong’an, and Donglan Counties in Guangxi Province, which inflicted huge losses to plant productivity. Biological control gradually became an effective control method for plant pathogens. Many studies showed that the application of actinomycetes in biological control has been effective. Therefore, it may be of great significance to study the application of actinomycetes on controlling the diseases caused by S. glabra. Strains of antifungal actinomycetes capable of inhibiting C. dematium were identified, isolated and screened from healthy plants tissues and the rhizospheres in soils containing S. glabra. In this study, 15 actinomycetes strains were isolated and among these, strains JT-2F, DT-3F, and JJ-3F, appeared to show antagonistic effects against anthracnose of S. glabra. The strains JT-2F and DT-3F were isolated from soil, while JJ-3F was isolated from plant stems. The antagonism rate of strain JT-2F was 86.75%, which was the highest value among the three strains. Additionally, the JT-2F strain also had the strongest antagonistic activity when the antagonistic activities were tested against seven plant pathogens. Strain JT-2F is able to produce proteases and cellulase to degrade the protein and cellulose components of cell walls of C. dematium, respectively. This results in mycelia damage which leads to inhibition of the growth of C. dematium. Strain JT-2F was identified as Streptomyces tsukiyonensis based on morphological traits and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.

Isolation and Identification of Actinomycetes with Anticandida Activity from Mangrove Soil

Candida albicans, a common human commensal, is the leading cause of nosocomial infections due to the emergence of drug resistance. The present study reports the isolation and identification of actinomycetes from mangrove soil and characterization of its antagonistic activity against drug resistant Candida species. Mangrove soils from Khargar, Navi Mumbai were screened for actinomycetes with anti-candida activity. In total, 20 actinomycetes culture were isolated from mangrove soil sample, amongst the culture designated as MB was found to inhibit all tested pathogenic Candida cultures. The isolate MB was identified using biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequencing as Streptomyces viridocromogenes. MB culture showed maximum activity after incubation period of 48 to 72 h, pH of 6.2 and temperature of 30℃. Partially purified active molecule was found to be inactivated by heat treatment but resisted proteinase K, indicating the compound can be an antibiotic in nature. The study highlights the isolation of Streptomyces viridocromogenes with antagonistic activity against multidrug resistant Candida from mangrove soil. This culture is an ideal candidate for further characterization studies for anti-candida molecules.

Studies on the isolation and identification of actinomycetes from lignite mine ecosystem and their antimicrobial activity

Studies on the isolation and identification of actinomycetes from lignite mine ecosystem and their antimicrobial activity

Isolation and Identification of Actinomycetes from Mangrove Soil and Extraction of Secondary Metabolites for Antibacterial Activity

Isolation and Identification of Actinomycetes from Mangrove Soil and Extraction of Secondary Metabolites for Antibacterial Activity

Physicochemical characterization of actinomycetes isolated from decayed cedar wood: contact angle measurement

Physicochemical characterization of microorganism is very important in a wide range of scientific and technological fields. In this study, we reported the isolation and the molecular identification of actinomycetes recovered from cedar wood decay. The isolates named H5 and H8 were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and were shown to belong to the genus Nocardia and Streptomyces, respectively. Furthermore, physicochemical proprieties including hydrophobicity, electron donor/acceptor, and the Lifshitz–van der Waals (γLW) of these strains were evaluated using contact angle measurements. The results showed that Nocardia sp. (H5) had a hydrophobic (ΔGiwi = −78.56 mJ/m2) and a weak electron donor/acceptor character. In contrast, results from contact angle measurements showed that the surface free energy of Streptomyces strains (H2, H3, and H8) were ΔGiwi = 20.71 mJ/m2, ΔGiwi = 30.63 mJ/m2, and ΔGiwi = 15.35 mJ/m2, respectively, classifying these microorganisms as hydrophilic bacterium. Moreover, the three strains were predominantly electron donating (γ– ) and exhibit a weak electron-accepting (γ+) character.

Isolation and molecular identification of actinomycetes from mycetoma patients in Sudan

Introduction: In order to minimize chance of amputation due to actinomycetoma, it is important to correctly identify the causative agents. Microscopic examination of grains is not definite and further confirmatory diagnostic tests are needed. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of actinomycetoma and to explore the usefulness of strb1 gene in the diagnosis of the disease. Materials & Methods: The present study is a prospective cross-section laboratory-based study in which clinical samples (n = 100) from patients with mycetoma lesions were collected. The samples were cultured on Lowenstein Jensen and glucose yeast extract agar media. Grown colonies were initially identified using Gram's stain, Ziehl Neelsen stain, and selected biochemical reactions. Confirmation was done by the analysis of polymerase chain reaction amplified strb1 gene. Results: Actinomycetoma was represented by a high ratio (12%) among the study population. Nine out of the 12 isolates (75%) were found to belong to the genus Streptomyces; whereas three isolates (25%) were identified as Nocardia spp. on the basis of phenotypic and mycolic acid contents. Conclusion: It could be concluded that actinomycetoma exists with significant prevalence (12%) among patients investigated in the present study. Streptomyces is the most important etiological agent of actinomycetoma compared to Nocardia.

Isolation and Identification of Actinomycetes from Termite’s Gut against Human Pathogen

Isolation and Identification of Actinomycetes from Termite’s Gut against Human Pathogen

Identification of actinomycetes from plant rhizospheric soils with inhibitory activity against Colletotrichum spp., the causative agent of anthracnose disease.

BackgroundColletotrichum is one of the most widespread and important genus of plant pathogenic fungi worldwide. Various species of Colletotrichum are the causative agents of anthracnose disease in plants, which is a severe problem to agricultural crops particularly in Thailand. These phytopathogens are usually controlled using chemicals; however, the use of these agents can lead to environmental pollution. Potential non-chemical control strategies for anthracnose disease include the use of bacteria capable of producing anti-fungal compounds such as actinomycetes spp., that comprise a large group of filamentous, Gram positive bacteria from soil. The aim of this study was to isolate actinomycetes capable of inhibiting the growth of Colletotrichum spp, and to analyze the diversity of actinomycetes from plant rhizospheric soil.ResultsA total of 304 actinomycetes were isolated and tested for their inhibitory activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides strains DoA d0762 and DoA c1060 and Colletotrichum capsici strain DoA c1511 which cause anthracnose disease as well as the non-pathogenic Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain IFO 10217. Most isolates (222 out of 304, 73.0%) were active against at least one indicator fungus or yeast. Fifty four (17.8%) were active against three anthracnose fungi and 17 (5.6%) could inhibit the growth of all three fungi and S. cerevisiae used in the test. Detailed analysis on 30 selected isolates from an orchard at Chanthaburi using the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that most of the isolates (87%) belong to the genus Streptomyces sp., while one each belongs to Saccharopolyspora (strain SB-2) and Nocardiopsis (strain CM-2) and two to Nocardia (strains BP-3 and LK-1). Strains LC-1, LC-4, JF-1, SC-1 and MG-1 exerted high inhibitory activity against all three anthracnose fungi and yeast. In addition, the organic solvent extracts prepared from these five strains inhibited conidial growth of the three indicator fungi. Preliminary analysis of crude extracts by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) indicated that the sample from strain JF-1 may contain a novel compound. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this strain is closely related to Streptomyces cavurensis NRRL 2740 with 99.8% DNA homology of 16S rRNA gene (500 bp).ConclusionThe present study suggests that rhizospheric soil is an attractive source for the discovery of a large number of actinomycetes with activity against Colletotrichum spp. An interesting strain (JF-1) with high inhibitory activity has the potential to produce a new compound that may be useful in the control of Colletotrichum spp.

Isolation and identification of actinomycetes from a compost-amended soil with potential as biocontrol agents

The search for new biocontrol strategies to inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic microorganisms has become widely widespread due to environmental concerns. Among actinomycetes, Streptomyces species have been extensively studied since they have been recognized as important sources of antibiotics. Actinomycete strains were isolated from a calcareous soil, 2 two-phase olive mill waste ('alperujo') composts, and the compost-amended soil by using selective media, and they were then co-cultured with 5 phytopathogenic fungi and 1 bacterium to perform an in vitro antagonism assay. Forty-nine actinomycete strains were isolated, 12 of them showing a great antagonistic activity towards the phytopathogenic microorganisms tested. Isolated strains were identified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis and phenotypic procedures. Eleven isolates concerned the genus Streptomyces and 1 actinomycete with chitinolytic activity belonged to the genus Lechevalieria.

Isolation, characterization and identification of actinomycetes from agriculture soils at Semongok, Sarawak

A total of 62 isolates of actinomycetes were isolated from 7 soil samples collected from Agriculture Research Center Semongok, Sarawak. All 62 isolates exhibited a range of colony colours (dark grey, grey, dark brown, brownish, whitish and yellowish white). All the isolates were later purified and subjected to a few enzymatic screening. Results indicate that, 48, 46 and 41 isolates showed the ability to secrete cellulase, lipase and protease respectively. All 62 isolates were then subjected to antimicrobial test using selected phytopathogens as test strains and it was observed that 3, 25, 35 and 37 of the isolates showed antagonistic reaction with Fusarium palmivora, Bacillus subtilis, Pantoae dipersa and Ralstonia solanacearum respectively. Six of the most promising isolates were selected and identified using their 16S rRNA sequence. All six isolates were identified as Streptomycetes spp. Further study into the utilization of the actinomycetes for agriculture industry will be done to fully utilize these potential microbes for sustainable agriculture.

Dietzia maris bacteremia: Use of molecular techniques for accurate identification of actinomycetes

Dietzia maris bacteremia: Use of molecular techniques for accurate identification of actinomycetes

Pelvic actinomycosis: A review and preliminary look at prevalence

A review of the literature on pelvic actinomycosis reveals that actinomycetes normally reside in the female genital tract. Therefore the identification of actinomycetes in the vagina or cervix by any laboratory technique, including Papanicolaou smears with specific immunofluorescence or culture, is not diagnostic of any disease and is not predictive of any disease. The evidence strongly suggests that removal of the intrauterine contraceptive device of a patient with a positive culture is not necessary and that, in the absence of evidence for pelvic infection, antibiotics are not required. Pelvic actinomycosis is a rare disease whose pathogenesis is poorly understood. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;180:265-9.)