Identical Behavior Research Articles

Abstract PS17-52: A preclinical platform of breast cancer PDX-derived cell lines as a tool for pharmacological screening and functional studies

Abstract Despite considerable progress in understanding the biology and genetics of breast cancer progression, the development of effective therapies need physiological and predictive preclinical models. In this context, breast cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models has become a standard tool as they reproduce accurately the behavior of tumor of origin, in term of histological and molecular phenotype and response to chemotherapy. Although PDXs in vivo models are indispensable for preclinical studies, they suffer from some limitations due to study costs related to tumor maintenance on mice, variable engraftment rate, growth delay and limited throughput for large-scale drug screening.To address this problem and propose a time and cost effective preclinical screening tool, we developed a panel of breast cancer PDX-derived low-passage 2D cell lines as a convenient in vitro pre-screening platform to profile compound activity.30 different breast cancer PDX models including TNBC, HER2+ and ER+ were tested for their capacity to generate cell lines maintaining the characteristics of the parental PDX tumor and usable for in vitro assays.Today, we succeeded with a series of 14 PDX models.Tumor cells isolated from PDX tumor tissue were cultured under different media and matrix conditions, allowing at least 5 passages in culture. A Short Tandem Repeat (STR) comparison profile was done with the parental PDX before performing a master bank. We succeeded in establishing a panel of 14 PDX-derived cellular models (14/30 = 46% success rate).We performed short term 2D cytotoxicity assays and long term colony assays to compare cell lines in vitro drug sensitivity with their parental PDX in vivo drug response and overall, the results show that this panel reproduced the drug response profile of the original PDXs with chemotherapies, PARP inhibitors, an ADC (T-DM1) therapies.Moreover, cellular models engrafted back onto mice showed in vivo response to chemotherapies similar to that of the parental PDX confirming the identical behavior of cell line / PDX couples.As the use of cellular models is still considered as a standard for early preclinical test to evaluate drug response before moving to in vivo assays, our breast cancer PDX-derived cell line platform appeared to be a robust and relevant tool. Furthermore, since the main concern when using in vitro models is the representativeness of the results obtained when transposed to in vivo models, the similarities between cell lines and parental PDX should maximize success of further in vivo preclinical drug development. Citation Format: Stefano Cairo, Olivier Deas, Sophie Banis, Kathleen Flosseau, Enora Le Ven, Jean-Gabriel Judde. A preclinical platform of breast cancer PDX-derived cell lines as a tool for pharmacological screening and functional studies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS17-52.

Understanding the social identity, motivations, and sustainable behaviour among backpackers: a clustering approach

ABSTRACT In eschewing reductionist segmentation in backpacker research, this study employs multi-dimensional concepts of social identity, motivation and sustainable behaviour to understand different groups of backpackers. The two-step cluster analysis and Kruskal Wallis test performed on a sample of 400 backpackers revealed that there are three segments of backpackers’ social identity, namely Pragmatist, Purist and Eccentric. Each segment is characterised by unique travel motivations and sustainable behaviour. These findings have implications for marketing destinations to different segments of backpackers as well as developing policy programs for promoting sustainable behaviour among backpackers.

Authentic leadership as a mediator between professional identity, ethical climate, citizenship behavior and political behavior

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the mediating effect authentic leadership (AL) has on professional identity (PI), ethical climate (EC) and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) and political behavior (PB) among elementary school principals in Israel.Design/methodology/approachFour hundred and ten elementary principals from various Israeli districts participated in the study. The research is based on principals' self-report questionnaires. The analysis focused on SEM using AMOS software.FindingsResults indicated that AL fully mediates the relationships between PI and OCB and PB while partially mediates the relationships between EC and OCB and PB.Research limitations/implicationsThis study could contribute to the design of an integrative model not previously researched, while exploring relationships between behaviors perceived as mutually opposite. This study suggested that to increase OCB and decrease PB, authentic leadership among elementary school principals should be enhanced by educational leaders.Originality/valueThe new model is likely to help school principals to deal with political behaviors while fostering citizenship behaviors during their work. Educational leaders may design professional training for principals in order to encourage the development of the positive aspects of OCB and PB.

Social aspects of the national brand (demonstrated on the brand of the Republic of Azerbaijan)

The subject of this research is the social content of the national brand of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Research methodology is based on interpretation of marketing as a new general social theory. In this context, the author examines branding and brand management technologies as social technologies of formation of the identity, integration, and social behavior management overall. Applicable to the national brand, the aforementioned provision is valid for both, domestic (citizens of the country) and external (citizens of other countries) target audiences. Structural components of the national brand include: ) the main message of the brand; 2) the components that form national identity (values shared by majority of the citizens); 3) national products; 4) gallery of the visual images, which on the one hand represent national values, while on the other – the unique visual “keys” for understanding the character, history and future of the nation; 5) brand discourse – a set of textual verbal forms of the national brand; 6) heroic spirit of the brand (persons who have the brand-building capacity); 7) audio discourse – a combination of audio brand-building characteristics; 8) event driven brand-building communications. The conclusion is made that the national brand of Azerbaijan is currently at the turn changing concepts, which indicates the transition of the country towards a new stage of development. The author highlights the four concepts of the national brand of Azerbaijan. The first is historical, which resembles the concept of “petroleum” and characterizes the industrial period of development. The second is ornamental, attributed to the archetypal branding (Azerbaijani rug ornaments). The third is “the Land of Fire”, similar to the ornamental by the nature of used symbols and the mechanism of influence. The fourth concept is referred to the postindustrial images. It is assumed that the national brands can be an interesting and heuristic object of analysis of the social processes of represented territories.

Identity, Media and Consumer Behavior

This paper examines how national identity affects day-to-day economic behavior. We exploit the Brexit referendum as a shock to the salience of identity and measure its impact on consumer choices in the UK, between British and EU grocery products. Drawing from a unique panel dataset with 12 million shoppers, we find that the referendum is associated with an increase in consumption of UK products (6%) and a reduction in demand for EU products (13%). Changes in consumption are driven by identity being top of mind: consumption of UK products is up to 7% higher during intense media discussions on Brexit, particularly during discussions on the politics of regaining sovereignty relative to the economic or social issues associated with Brexit. These findings underscore the importance of national identity in shaping routine economic decisions, and the mediating role that political events and the media can play by keeping identity top of mind.

An investigation of Jezebel stereotype awareness, gendered racial identity and sexual beliefs and behaviours among Black adult women

Evidence suggests that the intersectional nature of Black women’s race and gender identities influence their awareness of sexual scripts such as the hypersexual, Jezebel stereotype. This study examined the role of the Jezebel stereotype and Black women’s identity beliefs on their sexual beliefs and behaviours. Specifically, we investigated the role of gendered racial identity beliefs on the relationship between Jezebel stereotype awareness and Black women’s sexual behaviours (sexual assertiveness, sexual satisfaction, sexual guilt and attachment avoidance in relationships). A diverse national sample of Black women completed measures of gendered racial identity beliefs, Jezebel stereotype awareness and sexual behaviours. Black women who felt more positively connected to their Black woman identity reported greater sexual assertiveness and satisfaction. Consistent with past research, more awareness of the Jezebel stereotype was associated with higher sexual guilt and attachment avoidance. We discuss the enduring legacy of the Jezebel stereotype in relation to Black women’s gendered racial identity beliefs, as well as the importance of promoting positive sexual beliefs and a sense of sexual agency among Black women in the USA.

A Galerkin approach to analyze MHD flow of nanofluid along converging/diverging channels

In this article, we numerically analyzed the MHD flow of a nanofluid in converging/diverging channels through the Galerkin approach. The walls are assumed to be stretchable. The governing equations of flow are reduced to nonlinear ODE system by using the appropriate nondimensionalized technique. The results are simulated numerically by means of Galerkin method. A detailed evaluation of outcomes obtained by Galerkin scheme with the fourth-order Runge–Kutta technique (RK-4) is available to support our numerical results. The significant effects of the various physical parameters are presented graphically. Prandtl numbers cause an increase in the temperature profile, while they cause a decrease in the concentration profile. The shrinking decreases the fluid velocity nearby the channel walls, while the stretching of diverging channel provides an enhancement in flow nearby the channel walls. An identical behavior is found for the convergent channel. The influence of Grashof numbers is negligible but effect of opposing flow forces is a little dominant than assisting flow forces. The comparative study with existing literature and RK-4 as well as convergence analysis indicates that the proposed method is an efficient mathematical tool to analyze the problems arising in mechanics.

Religious identity, between-group effects and prosocial behavior: Evidence from a field experiment in China

Taking an experimental approach, this paper studies the between-group effects of religious identity on social behavior. In this experiment, we recruit Buddhist, Christian, Muslim, and nonbeliever participants in China and sort them into groups based on their religious identities. We use an online field experiment to measure the participants’ social behaviors, such as fairness, altruism, trust, and cooperation behaviors, to investigate how they act when they face people with religious identities that are the same as and different from their own. In addition, we employ a questionnaire scale to test the participants’ religiosity and to analyze the intrinsic mechanism underlying the relationship between religious identity and social behavior. The results indicate that Chinese Buddhists and Christians do not show obvious ingroup favoritism in the behavioral games; however, Muslims display ingroup favoritism and outgroup discrimination in many of the games. Furthermore, we find that the higher a religious believer's degree of religiosity is, the higher the degree to which they will show favoritism toward an ingroup member in the return behavior of the trust game.

Does having a hunter identity influence land management behaviors of family forest owners?

ABSTRACT Hunters are often assumed to possess conservation and stewardship values. Research on whether these values translate into active land management is scant and inconclusive, particularly as it relates to family forest landowners (FFOs). We examined how strength of deer hunter identity is associated with land management behaviors and intentions of FFOs in Wisconsin. While identity as a construct has been found to inform behavior, the relationship between hunter identity and land management behaviors has not been examined. We found higher average hunter identity scores were associated with respondents who had cut trees for personal use, planted native seeds, developed/maintained trails or roads, have a management plan, participated in state landowner programs, and those with intentions to cut trees for sale, personal use, or to improve forest conditions; remove built-up plant material; conduct trail or road work; and jointly plan with others to enhance habitat for game species or motorized recreation.

Application of Pseudohomogeneous and Heterogeneous Models in Assessing the Behavior of a Fluidized-Bed Catalytic Reactor

Comparative analysis of the steady-state and transient properties of a bubbling fluidized-bed catalytic reactor obtained according to different mathematical models of the emulsion zone was performed to verify the commonly used assumption regarding the pseudohomogeneous nature of this zone. Four different mathematical models of the fluidized-bed reactor dynamics were formulated, based on different thermal and diffusional conditions at the gas-solid interface and within the catalyst pellet, namely the model based on the assumption of pseudohomogeneous character for the emulsion zone, and a group of two-scale models accounting for the heterogeneous character of this zone. It was demonstrated that, while the pseudohomogeneous model of the emulsion zone predicts almost identical behavior of the reactor at steady-state as the proposed heterogeneous models, it may fail in the prediction of the reactor start-up behavior, especially when dealing with highly exothermic processes run at relatively high fluidization velocity.

Establishing a Teacher Performance Evaluation System Geared to the Cultivation of Character: With a Reflection on New Public Management Theory

Since New Public Management theory, which seeks to promote public management reform with the techniques used to catalyze economic development, was introduced into the field of education, it has led to the implementation of education accountability measures and reforms focusing on performance-related pay for teachers. Performance-related pay was meant to improve teacher performance, and has played an important role in providing teachers with incentives and raising educational quality. In practice, however, problems have emerged that deserve serious attention. For example, the evaluation indicators based on this theory have distorted the direction of public management due to their over-emphasis on instrumental rationality and neglect of value rationality. Further, they highlight the interim goal of “instilling knowledge” at the cost of the fundamental aim of “cultivating talent,” thus producing results opposite to those intended. On the basis of the value rationality of education and China’s reality, this paper suggests that educational institutions should shift from “New Public Management” to a “holistic and decentralized governance” approach, fostering an environment dedicated to cultivating talent and introducing this feature into the evaluation of teacher performance. The core socialist values need to be integrated into teacher policy and internalized by teachers as their emotional identity and customary behavior.

The relationship between employee self-concept, brand identity, brand pride and brand citizenship behaviour and customer satisfaction

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between employee self-concept, brand identity, brand pride and brand citizenship behaviour and customer satisfaction. This study uses data from the service employees and customers in the hotel industry in Isfahan in 2016. The 357 customer-employee pairs filled out a questionnaire. A structural equation modelling technique using SPSS and AMOS software was used to analyse data of the questionnaire. The results of this study show consistency of brand and actual self and ideal self of employees had a positive and significant effect on brand identification and brand pride. Moreover, brand identification had a positive and significant effect on brand pride. Brand identification and brand pride had a positive and significant effect on brand citizenship behaviour which led to customer satisfaction.

Smoking Behavior and Moral Identity in Malaysian Youth: Is Gender a Moderator or a Predictor?

The role of gender in psychosocial development and health outcome is undeniable. This study aims to investigate the role of gender in two conditions, whether it as a moderator to the link between moral identity (internalization and symbolization) and smoking behavior; or if it is a single predictor or a co-predictor with moral identity in predicting smoking behavior. To examine this, 388 youths (61% female) who met the inclusion criteria participated in this online cross-sectional study. Participants were asked to rate their emotional responses ranging from unpleasant to pleasant whilst viewing images of smoking behavior. Participants were also instructed to provide their socio-demographic information and fill in the Moral Identity Scale. Gender had no moderation effect on the link between moral identity (symbolization and internalization) and smoking behavior, instead, gender (whether alone or in combination with internalization) was shown to directly predict smoking behavior. The implications for social health interventions and programs are highlighted by the findings.

Heat and mass transfer effects of peristaltic motion of a Jeffery fluid in a tube

The impact of heat and mass transfer were analyzed in the present investigation by considering the peristaltic transport of a Jeffery fluid with nanoparticles in a uniform tube. Lubrication theory hypotheses have been considered and expressions have been defined for axial velocity, pressure drop, frictional force, heat and mass transfer effects. The patterns of the stream line and trapped bolus were graphically depicted at the end. It is found that with regard to the modification of various parameters, pressure drop and frictional force exhibit identical behavior. By increasing/decreasing the local temperature Grashof number, Brownian motion parameter and local nanoparticle Grashof number, pressure drop and axial velocity can be regulated.

공업계 특성화고 학생들이 지각한 사회적 지지, 진로정체감, 취업준비행동간의 구조적 관계

The purpose of this study was to analyze the structural relationship among social support, career identity, and employment preparation behavior of specialized technical high school students. The population was specialized technical high school students. The study was carried out through questionnaire survey method. Three hundred eighty five out of 450 questionnaires were used for analysis after eliminating unreliable responses and incomplete responses. A survey questionnaire was made up of social support scale, career identity scale, employment preparation behavior scale. And the data was analyzed by using structural equation modeling to examine structural relationship. Major findings of this study were as follows: First, social support for specialized technical high school students was high. In the domain of social support, ‘parent support’ was the highest, and teacher support was the lowest. In the domain of career identity, ‘cognition for career identity’ was high, but ‘emotion for career identity’ and ‘behavior for career identity’ were moderate. In the domain of employment preparation behavior, ‘employment preparatory behavior’ was high, but ‘exploration of official employment information’ and ‘exploration of non-official employment information’ were moderate. Second, social support for specialized technical high school students had a positive impact on their career identity. Third, their career identity had a positive impact on employment preparation behavior. Fourth, the mediating effect of their career identity was significant in pathway from social support to employment preparation behavior.

엘리트 여성 은퇴선수의 진로전환을 위한 비대면 CAP+진로집단상담프로그램(CGCP)의 적용 및 효과

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to help elite retired female athletes in their 30s find the values they want to pursue and choose a job that can be sustained in the future, and to present an integrated career counseling program for sports players’ career change. Methods: The study subjects selected a total of six people using the snowball sampling method by purpose sampling, all of whom are women. Based on the CAP+ program, the program organized the Career Group Counseling Program (CCCP) for the career transition of elite retired female athletes in their 30s through the online platform (ZOOM). This study applied the Mixed search methods, which applied qualitative and quantitative methods as single-case research. Results: The results show that Self and occupational factors appeared for career change. Self-factor influenced the sense of career identity of quantitative research results with the perception of oneself and others, and the lower factors were judged to have improved, and showed differences in ability and confidence factors. Occupational factors appeared divided into career information and career planning. The perception of these professions has resulted in an improved change in the factors of career preparation. And Career maturity factors only showed differences in career-oriented factors. Conclusion: The study showed that the CAP+career group counseling program works and has a positive effect on both players who are scheduled to retire or are retired. As shown in the results, a comprehensive inspection of the career identity and career preparation behavior of sports players is required. In order to improve career preparation behavior, I believe that career education measures should be prepared in advance so that not only exercise but also career preparation plans for a wide range of jobs and related fields can be systematically carried out. In addition, customized education tailored to the athletes’ environment will have to come up with measures to promote non-face-to-face education on an online platform where athletes and sports players from various regions can be together in an easy and comfortable place.

Investigation of anodic behaviour of phenylethers in non-aqueous solvents on platinum and glassy carbon electrodes

Electrooxidation of selected phenylethers was investigated (2-phenoxyethanol, anisole, o-nitrophenyl octyl ether, diphenylether, fenoxycarb) on platinum and glassy carbon electrodes. The chosen solvents were acetonitrile, dimethyl sulphoxide, 1-propanol and mesityl oxide. In acetonitrile, at around 2 V characteristic voltammetric peaks appeared for all compounds. In dimethyl sulphoxide and 1-propanol, no relevant peak appeared due to the high overlapping with solvent electrooxidation. During anodic oxidation of o-nitrophenyl octyl ether and fenoxycarb, a bimolecular reaction takes place predominantly. In mesityl oxide due to its unsaturated bond, identical behaviour was observed for majority of compounds and the differences between the two electrodes are also highlighted in the surface studies. The images made with the aid of an optical microscope showed the formation of islands of products for each substrate after deposition from mesityl oxide.

Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 S Protein: Biophysical, Biochemical, Structural, and Antigenic Analysis.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health crisis caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and there is a critical need to produce large quantities of high-quality SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein for use in both clinical and basic science settings. To address this need, we have evaluated the expression and purification of two previously reported S protein constructs in Expi293F and ExpiCHO-S cells, two different cell lines selected for increased protein expression. We show that ExpiCHO-S cells produce enhanced yields of both SARS-CoV-2 S proteins. Biochemical, biophysical, and structural (cryo-EM) characterizations of the SARS-CoV-2 S proteins produced in both cell lines demonstrate that the reported purification strategy yields high-quality S protein (nonaggregated, uniform material with appropriate biochemical and biophysical properties), and analysis of 20 deposited S protein cryo-EM structures reveals conformation plasticity in the region composed of amino acids 614–642 and 828–854. Importantly, we show that multiple preparations of these two recombinant S proteins from either cell line exhibit identical behavior in two different serology assays. We also evaluate the specificity of S protein-mediated host cell binding by examining interactions with proposed binding partners in the human secretome and report no novel binding partners and notably fail to validate the Spike:CD147 interaction. In addition, the antigenicity of these proteins is demonstrated by standard ELISAs and in a flexible protein microarray format. Collectively, we establish an array of metrics for ensuring the production of high-quality S protein to support clinical, biological, biochemical, structural, and mechanistic studies to combat the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2.

Strain rate sensitivity of hardness in indentation creep with conical and spherical indenters taking into consideration elastic deformations

Using finite element analysis and analytical modeling, we investigate the strain rate sensitivity of the hardness in indentation creep (mH) and the relationship between mH and the strain rate sensitivity of the flow stress, mσ, for cone (self-similar) and spherical (non-self-similar) indenters. The present mH/mσ results extend previous results (Elmustafa et al, 2007a, b) for cones in terms of a universal curve that describes the ratio mH/mσ as a function of H/E∗/∊H starting from a value of 1, for small values of H/E∗/∊H (fully plastic) to zero at H/E∗/∊H≈2.5 (fully elastic).We also investigated the effect of varying effective strain levels (∊H). For the cone, the strain level is determined by the angle β (25.3°, 22.5°, 19.7°) which is the angle the cone face makes with the specimen surface. mH/mσ becomes vanishingly small and the material undergoes full elastic deformation for H/E*≈ 0.23 and 0.18 for the β angles of 25.3° and 19.7°, respectively, as compared to β angle of 22.5° for which H/E*≈ 0.21 as shown by Elmustafa et al. (2007a). The simulation results of mH/mσ versus H/E* for various β angles collapsed to a single curve when H/E* is normalized to the tangent of the β angles.In the case of the spherical indenter, the strain level is a function of indent radius/indenter radius ratio (a/R). Simulations were performed for depths between 0.01 and 0.5 R for the non-self similar spherical indentations. The results indicate that the ratio mH/mσ does not maintain a unique relation with H/E* and varies with the increase in the ratio of depth of penetration to the radius of the indenter,a/R. It is also concluded that the data collapsed to a single curve similar to the one produced for conical indentation and that mH/mσ approaches zero for a normalized (H/E*)/(a/R) of ≈ 0.4. It is also found that the normalized hardness data, when mH/mσ approaches zero, fits Johnson solution well. Nanoindentation experimental data of Al2O3 samples using a spherical indenter tip displayed identical behavior similar to Johnson fully elastic behavior solution.

Towards abandoning the master’s tools: The politics of a universal nursing identity

Healthcare environments continue to prove discriminatory and marginalizing towards patients and healthcare workers themselves, which contributes to inequitable health outcomes across lines of socially constructed difference. This content and discourse analysis of nursing identity scholarship asks whether there is a connection between nursing identity and oppressive behaviour by examining the construction of nursing identity and the foundational discourses, sometimes in absentia, that support such a construction. Bourdieu's concepts of social fields and Audre Lorde's concept of the master's house are applied as a framework towards understanding the constructs of power and status in healthcare. The analysis identifies a gap in nursing identity literature where social constructs of difference are not considered. In the reviewed literature, nursing identity has been co-opted by the professionalization project in effort to stabilize a conceptualization of nursing's contribution to healthcare towards gaining professional and societal status. This leads to a monolithic, apolitical representation of nursing identity that erases difference, denies historical influence, universalizes nursing work and further marginalizes marginalized identities. The oppressive and hegemonic nature of a universal nursing identity may contribute to a lack of disciplinary reflexivity about the ongoing influences of foundational discursive constructs of gender, epistemology, power and professional status.