Idea Of Multiculturalism Research Articles

Does Perception Determine Knowledge? Evaluation of the Implementation of Historical Thinking as a Factor for Socio-Cultural Sustainability

Historical thinking plays a key role in the education of critical citizens who are committed to the world in which they live. Socio-cultural sustainability promotes respect for one’s own cultural roots (and those of others), averts the consequences of cultural homogenisation and fosters identification with fundamental values and human rights. The main objective of this study is to analyse the consistency between the perception of teaching–learning processes and the historical knowledge of secondary school students following the implementation of a teaching unit based on the methodological theory of historical thinking. A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was applied to 93 baccalaureate students (16–18 years of age) from the Region of Murcia (Spain). Two teaching units with different methodologies (experimental and control) were developed and compared. The results show a moderate degree of consistency between perceptions and knowledge in some variables in the analysis of the experimental group. Thus, it can be stated that historical thinking as a methodological theory contributes to promoting the idea of multiculturalism and has good academic results in terms of historical learning. In conclusion, the role of historical thinking as an influential factor in the perception and acquisition of knowledge is clear. In addition, it helps to preserve socio-cultural sustainability via community participation, the promotion of social justice and respect for other cultures.

Formation of Inter-Ethnic Solidarity of The Kazakhstani Society Based on The Implementation of The Multiculturalism Concept in The Student Environment

The article presents the results of a sociological study on the problem of modern inter-ethnic relations among students based on the concept of multiculturalism. The purpose of this study is to identify the attitudes of urban students towards the implementation of the ideology of multiculturalism, and the implementation of interethnic communication; to identify possible strategies for their behavior in a situation of interethnic tension and conflict in the context of the implemented state policy in the field of interethnic relations. The survey showed that Kazakhstani students have a high level of interethnic tolerance and are ready to enter into interethnic relations, which confirms the existence and implementation of the ideas of multiculturalism. The ideas of multiculturalism in the higher education system of Kazakhstan are implemented through various mechanisms that allow for preserving ethnic diversity and strengthening interethnic harmony, which contributes to the formation of interethnic solidarity in society.

Сюжетные коллизии детективного романа Ахмета Умита «Народ» (2006)

This article is devoted to the structural and substantive analysis of one of the most famous detective novels by the popular Turkish writer Ahmet Umit "The People" (2006), which stands somewhat apart in the mainstream of his work. The article shows that, unlike other detective stories by the author, the action immediately begins with a crime, and as the plot develops, more and more murders enter the narrative orbit. In parallel with the detective line, the novel develops the idea of multiculturalism in Turkey, in which different peoples and religions have long lived in peace and harmony (Christians, Muslims, Jews). Hence the title of the novel, which is not about some specific people, but about peoples historically coexisting within the framework of a single Turkish state. The purpose of the study is to substantiate that this novel fits into the writer's detective paradigm from the point of view of poetological features. The article analyzes the plot and compositional features of the novel with an emphasis on plot collisions and the image system. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the novel in question "Umita" for the first time becomes an object of analytical study in the domestic Turkological literary criticism. For the first time, the problems of the novel are considered through the prism of its structural and meaningful content. For the first time, it is proved that the artistic structure of the novel is somewhat unusually constructed for the author's detective paradigm. As a result, it is proved that the poetics and plot of the novel correlate with the historical detective genre developed by A. Umit in its most diverse variants.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMMUNICATIVE-BEHAVIORAL COMPONENT OF MULTICULTURAL COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS

The article examines the current topic of multicultural competence of teachers through the development of the communicative and behavioral component. Communicative behavior, according to the author, has always been of interest to researchers. Emphasizing the belonging of teachers to the communicative group, one of the main tasks in the system of additional professional education is called – the formation of the need for cultural identification. Subjects of the pedagogical society – teachers must have a high level of behavioral culture based on moral norms, aesthetic culture, ethics and rules. The purpose of the study is the communicative-behavioral component in conjunction with the main characteristics, the development of which is due simultaneously to the lack of knowledge among university teachers on the organization of pedagogical activities in a situation of multicultural education and the implementation of multicultural ideas, the need to increase the level of emotional culture and culture of communicative behavior, the willingness and ability of teachers to perceive and understand their own emotions and the emotions of other people, respect the feelings of others, successfully establish contacts and carry out intercultural communication on the verbal and non-verbal levels. The article emphasizes the importance and implementation of a complex of organizational and managerial, educational and methodological, psychological and pedagogical conditions in the process of educational activities of students - university teachers. Subjects of the pedagogical society – teachers must have a high level of behavioral culture based on moral norms, aesthetic culture, ethics and rules. Based on the example of the introduction into the learning process of advanced training courses of the program “Formation of multicultural competence of higher school teachers” on the basis of the Stavropol State Medical University”, the result is shown that after completing the courses, students demonstrate more effective ways of interacting in various situations, interest in intercultural interaction and understanding of national characteristics of representatives of different cultures. This result is achieved through the inclusion in training of such complementary research methods as organizational, theoretical, general psychological, problem-search and active gaming technologies and trainings, through which attention was focused on the formation of motivation for intercultural interaction of the individual, on the development of productive thinking. The article emphasizes the importance of implementing a complex of organizational, managerial, educational, methodological and psychological-pedagogical conditions in the process of educational activities of students-university teachers.

Promoting Multicultural Education in the Middle East: Perception and Practice

In the current era, human diversity is constantly changing due to the exponential spread of information and communication technologies, which promotes human interaction. Cultural overlap between different societies, as well as increasing rates of migration across borders strengthen multiculturalism. The education system is often influenced by the cultural reformation in society, which shapes the way education is structured, teaching styles, curriculum development and education objectives. Given that Islamic culture is the dominant one in the Middle East, it is assumed that its ideals and principles will uphold multiculturalism and inclusion, as with any other great religions. This study aims to explore the role of Islamic culture in promoting multicultural education in the Middle East, to examine the application of the concepts of multicultural education, and to reflect on the idea of multiculturalism. A sample of 37 college instructors and 312 higher education students participated in the study by answering the questionnaire, which was conducted using a mixed-method approach. The results of the study showed that Islamic values and beliefs have a remarkable influence on the adoption of multiculturalism in education without compromising Islamic beliefs and values. Furthermore, multiculturalism ideas are incorporated into instruction and student communications. According to the research report, employing a multicultural education platform effectively will require curricular adaptation.

‘South Asian’ Diaspora Theatre in Sydney: Cultural Politics of the Proscenium and Transforming the Mise-En-Scène

ABSTRACT The Nautanki Theatre Company (Nautanki) has been actively performing drama in Sydney since 2012, and it has been organising the South Asian Theatre Festival since 2016. We study their discourses, cultural politics, and practices; conduct an ethnographic observation of performances; and interview performers, organisers, and survey audiences of the 2019 theatre festival in-depth. We contend that by hosting performances and events, Nautanki creates a space for amicable, intercultural dwellings in which collective identity is forged through cross-cultural dialogue, deliberation, embodied aesthetics, and bottom-up intercultural ethics that shift state-promoted top-down multicultural ideas and policies. Nautanki also instils a sense of longing for cultural novelty, authenticity, and participation, and creates a hybrid cultural ‘South Asian’ community identity, in Sydney.

Multiculturalism in the Design Work of Indonesian Women Designers

Multiculturalism has become a prominent issue in media communication, serving as both a communication strategy and a form of awareness for creators, particularly in visual communication design media. Most of the previous findings on the study of multiculturalism in the media suggest that different cultural backgrounds must be considered for global brands to reach diverse markets since visual language is not universal. In addition, other studies explore the interpretation of multiculturalism ideas in the media and practice participatory design research to communicate multiculturalism value through visual communication media. Nevertheless, in Indonesia, the interpretation study of multiculturalism in designs, especially those created by women designers, as a manifestation of multiculturalism awareness seems to be underexplored. To narrow the gap, this study uses the visual semiotic theory of Roland Barthes to investigate the multicultural significance represented in visual images in the work of Indonesian women designers by outlining the levels of denotative and connotative meanings which develop into myth. This research reveals that the idea of multiculturalism in the design work of Nita Darsono and Sanchia Hamidjaja can provide other counter-knowledge in representing the diversity amongst the hegemony of a single and standardized body myth, such as white skin, ideal body, and race, in media. This approach better understands the audiences and appreciates cultural diversity. Overall, this study sheds light on the importance of multiculturalism in visual communication design media, particularly in representing diversity and challenging hegemonic norms. It highlights the need for more research in this area, particularly from underrepresented perspectives, such as women designers in Indonesia.

THE ROUNDABOUT OF BALKAN MULTICULTURALISM

From Thucydides to Machiavelli, from Ranke and Mlichelet to Toynbee and Braudel all sought to illustrate the final picture, the compelling and unifying concept of culture and its place in society. In any society, one can identify a dominant culture that is cherished by the majority of citizens and one or more cultures or subcultures that partially or not at all accept the dominant values. Multiculturalism as an idea has been present since the epoch of ancient Greece and the Roman Empire. Since antiquity, thinking about politics has been a question of living together: how to create a society, how to reconcile the unity and plurality of values and cultures? Should we even out or bring awareness to the differences? Long-standing debates that constantly refresh these questions. This is where the idea of multiculturalism, the project of fair recognition of different “cultures” in the public space, is put forward. Europe is a symbol of multiculturalism, although often this rich content has been abused. The Balkans as a multicultural microcosm is an example of the parallel existence of numerous cultures, ethnicities, nations, faiths and religions. What evolution did multiculturalism experience until the creation of the last independent state, the Republic of Kosovo?

POPULISM AS A CHALLENGE TO DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

The article examines the problems of the cause and manifestations of modern populism in the countries of the European Union, which has intensified over the past two decades. The growth of radical ideas, the ideas of multiculturalism and globalization, and migration processes in Europe intensify the complex processes of arranging a single political, economic and cultural space. Populist activity underlines the increasing mistrust of the electorate towards classical parties, which cannot solve urgent public demands. The current populist activism results from a structural transformation that involves: the growth of undemocratic liberalism; changing relations between ruling politicians and those under control; democratization of mass media, which appear to be interconnected, which enhances their collective effect. Individual populist parties act as contenders in national elections; in some countries (Hungary, Poland), they have obtained a leadership role. The populism of parties in the European Union is often tangential to other ideological directions (liberalism, socialism, etc.). Europe is choosing between carrying out the necessary reforms, strengthening liberal democracy and human rights, supporting diversity and equality, and an economic nationalist federation of states that dismantles the concept of liberal democracy. Liberal ideology, based on undemocratic principles, gradually strengthened populist sentiments, and European society's existing problems and crises accelerated the promotion of populism among the broad electoral masses. Gender issues, antiimmigrant sentiments, anti-European rhetoric, and nationalist movements are on the agenda. The growing number of populist parties means it is necessary to rethink the characteristics of institutional structures and the role of individual players in political activity. Ignoring the above may increase the pressure on liberal democracy, which ensures the protection of human rights and freedoms, supports the rule of law, and implements pan-European progressive values.

Revisiting Multiculturalism in Ambedkar’s Thought: A Theoretical Perspective

Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891–1956) was not only the messiah of the downtrodden people in India but was also the champion of minority rights, women’s rights, farmer’s and labourer’s rights. He was an individualist as well as a communitarian. He was a modernist, rationalist and moralist. His philosophy covers a wide range of ideas including justice, liberty, equality, democracy, minority rights, women’s rights, group representation, social exclusion and inclusion, majority–minority conflicts, cultural and linguistic diversity and identity and recognition which offer a non-western experience of the early part of twentieth century to the present-day literature on multiculturalism. But his ideas have paid little scholarly attention both in western and Indian scholarships. The existing scholarships on B. R. Ambedkar largely highlight on his socio-economic, cultural, religious, political and constitutional ideas. But his multicultural ideas are hardly explored in academic discourses. This article thus attempts first to highlight on some leading theorists of multiculturalism and their views and then discusses Ambedkar’s multicultural ideas. The article, however, restricts itself to some selected theorists of multiculturalism for deliberation only with an aim to compare them with Ambedkar’s writings.

Postmigrant perspectives: Radical diversity as artistic-political intervention

In the last decade, the concept of radical diversity has gained traction, not least in the circles around the postmigrant theatre at the Maxim Gorki Theatre in Berlin. This essay explores this concept and interprets it as part of the overall tendency in postmigratory art and culture to move beyond clear-cut identity groups and to build alliances and coalitions beyond stable identity markers. Radical diversity thus not only denounces doctrines of cultural homogeneity and monoculturalism but also rejects the logic of integration and traditional ideas of multiculturalism. Against this background, radical diversity focuses on the multiplicity of subject positions in society, as well as on the complexity of structures of discrimination and marginalization. As a artistic-political intervention, this essay argues, radical diversity expresses some of the major characteristics of postmigrant societies and urges us to reconsider traditional research perspectives on migratory art and on the relation between culture and migration.

Impact of Cultural Diversity in Classrooms of Secondary Schools

Students spend their real life hours in a classroom learning and getting an education. But occasionally they were left with an unpleasant memory of that location. A varied classroom experience usually has a different influence on the students. Because of the diversity of cultural backgrounds represented in the class. By using the skills and teachings of the teacher, that might be managed and corrected. The study’s goal is to provide guidance in a multicultural school, culturally different groups are acknowledged and supported. Multicultural ideas may coexist in the educational setting with teaching methods that value variety as a resource and an added benefit, such as studying cultural diversity or using material that is sensitive to different cultures in the classroom. Using open-ended research questionnaires, school instructors who are the variables in a qualitative study and the major source of data collection are contacted directly. Interviews were done by the researcher with 12 respondents who were three different school instructors. The semi-structured questionnaire that served as the interview’s instrument was utilized to conduct the semi-structured interview. Interviews with a specific population of lower secondary teachers were the main method of my research.

Center-Periphery Dichotomy in the System of Spatial Structures of the Globalized World

Decentralization processes are increasingly becoming the driving force of changes in the modern world, and how regional elites use their advantages and minimize their disadvantages depends on whether they will turn out to be a boon or a factor of social destruction. It is extremely important in modern conditions that the social and humanitarian sciences contribute to the conceptualization of system-dynamic interdisciplinary knowledge, the scope of which will cover not only the hierarchy of centers and peripheries within a single country, but also the space «above» state borders, which is amenable to regulation. The article is devoted to highlighting modern methodological approaches to reviewing the concepts of center-periphery relations and developing a new model of regionalism, which is based on the recognition of the freedom of pluralism and the intransitive importance of the ideas of multiculturalism. In this context, all cognitive strategies built on the advantages of the ideas of centralization, and first of all on the traditional model of center-periphery relations and modernization, undergo correction. It has been proven that the postmodern situation in which modern society is located is the least reminiscent of a domineering vertical, built according to the usual canons of center-periphery. Rather, it is associated with a heterogeneous horizon that can be modified in a wide variety of configurations. Reviewing the concepts, models and structure of established center-periphery relations contributes to rethinking the mechanisms and scope of influence of political, economic and cultural centers on the course of social development of spatial structures in the context of new challenges. Built on this foundation, the theory of center-periphery polarity is seen as an innovative operational tool in the entire system of natural and social sciences, which to one degree or another are engaged in the analysis of spatial relations

Creating Enemies and Building Bridges: Representations of Hungary in the Ukrainian Media

Creating Enemies and Building Bridges: Representations of Hungary in the Ukrainian Media

Multiculturalism and Interculturalism As The Basis of Social Values and Economic Policy

When studying the effectiveness of the real estate market development policy, we share the opinion of scientists on the need to move from the position of multiculturalism to the position of interculturalism. The purpose of the article is to discuss and analyze the ideas of multiculturalism and interculturalism, which are based on the formation of identity within the boundaries of a single political space (state, region or city). The expansion and development of the sphere of civil self-organization are considered as the main features of the state and municipal policy of managing cultural diversity, which have acquired special significance. Initially, all these trends were considered only within the framework of the multiculturalism paradigm, which was subsequently criticized by scholar Daniel O'Neill and other scholars. The study focuses on the concept of results-based management, which provides a new perspective in the field of political and economic management, as well as the basis for the functioning of various state and public structures in developed countries. The approach based on the ideas of interculturalism discussed in the article implies a transition from the priorities of economic instruments to the priorities of social value instruments. In the process of sustainable and inclusive development of the country, in exchange for economic subsidies to minorities (including the appointment of various quotas), they provide encouragement for adherence to basic social values. The opinion is expressed that the implementation of the policy of development and support of social values between representatives of minorities and the majority will reduce the conflict of economic interests. Keywords: multiculturalism, interculturalism, real estate market development policy, economic policy, basic public values.

MULTICULTURALISM IN EDUCATION: HISTORY AND MODERN TRENDS

The study of multiculturalism in the modern world and modern conditions is an urgent scientific and pedagogical problem. The influence of integration processes leads to a change of opinion about the need for tolerant relations between different cultures in relation to each other. Currently, in the context of the development of international relations, cultural exchange is taking place at the personal, national, and international levels. Therefore, in education, there is a need for a culture of communication, and dialogue of cultures between different countries. This process, together with the development of national culture, enriches both dominant and small cultures. The closedness of individual ethnic communities and conflicts on national and religious grounds is the result of a complex set of social factors. One of them is ignoring the factors of multiculturalism and polyethnicity in education and training in a multinational community. Accounting for multiculturalism and polyethnicity is becoming a pedagogical priority for world civilization and individual states. Its observance is a necessary condition for the democratization of public life. Conditions of effective education are largely outside of pedagogy and depend on the influence of sociopolitical institutions.The article reveals the peculiarities of the emergence and development of ideas of multiculturalism in education. The analysis of the scientific literature is carried out in order to systematize the data on the views of scientists on the need for multicultural education in the educational process of different historical periods. Clear chronological data on the emergence of the definition of multicultural education in the scientific community. The peculiarities of monocultural education as a counterbalance to multiculturalism in education are studied. The modern tendencies in multicultural education and the necessity of its introduction in the modern educational environment are determined.
 Keywords: culture; intercultural interaction; multiculturalism; multicultural education; monocultural education; multiculturalism; assimilation of cultures; “melting furnace”.

Multicultural education in Hungarian daycares

The subject of multicultural education remains largely unknown in Hungary despite the many, often volatile changes in everyday life that have arisen due to globalization and migration. This paper contends that children can be shown basic concepts related to multiculturalism, acceptance and tolerance within a daycare environment. The purpose of this study is twofold: while one aspect of this discussion explores to what degree Hungarian society is open to multiculturalism, the other examines what multicultural methods, topics or attitudes can be introduced to children attending daycare, a period that spans the ages of twenty weeks to three or four years old in Hungary. It is the authors’ general experience that Hungarian people are fairly open to the idea of multiculturalism, even though educational laws do not mention the importance of teaching multicultural ideas. To support or disprove this impression, a survey was conducted both in English and Hungarian to assess what the general public thinks about the topic of multicultural awareness in daycares. After analysing responses from the survey’s 105 participants, a practical session led by a daycare professional-in- training was then used to test the effectiveness of a playful, multicultural approach to introducing certain topics to three-year-old children.

Economic education of the future for the XXI century: challenges, problems, prospects

The XXI century throws mankind many challenges, and one of them is the future of economic activity in the world, so the question of educating economists today is quite relevant. The main purpose of the research of this article is to establish methods of effective implementation of economic education in the future. During this study, a number of issues have been considered, in particular, the general social conditions of the modern world, the economic situation of today, and the problems, and effective methods of the educational process. The following methods of the theoretical block were used for the study: analysis, synthesis, and generalization of information. As a result of the research the following conclusions were reached: it is necessary to develop students' logical and creative thinking; important values in the modern world are ideas of multiculturalism and tolerance, which should be an integral part of the worldview of economists; an important element of economic education is the development of teamwork skills by using methods of the round table, brainstorming, role play, and seminar; strengthening of financial literacy study among school students; application of tools and methods of economic education. This study will be useful first of all for the teachers of methodologists working in the institutions of economic education.

“Britain’s Own Muslim Polymath:” On the Politics of Representing Ziauddin Sardar

This essay seeks to unravel the cultural politics that underpin the approbation of Ziauddin Sardar, one accepted by the author himself, as "Britain’s own Muslim polymath." It explores how Sardar models himself after the Muslim polymaths of Islam’s “Golden Age,” dwelling on the importance of knowledge and travel in the worldview of Muslim intellectuals. But it also points to the implied anomalousness of the idea of a Muslim polymath, the difficulties that inhere in the idea of multiculturalism, and the necessary ambivalence with which a Muslim intellectual such as Sardar must negotiate the shortcomings of contemporary Islam and multiculturalism alike.

MENGELOLA PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL: Studi Etnografi di SMA Sultan Iskandar Muda Kota Medan

<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="369"><p>This article presents a good practice of a multicultural education concept in Medan City, which is known as a multicultural city. This study uses an ethnographic approach. Research findings include that at the Iskandar Muda School there are all students from various ethnicities, religions, and economies who can carry out an egalitarian education. Furthermore, the idea of multiculturalism appears in the physical form of the Iskandar Muda school which has houses of worship from various religions, there are mosques, churches, temples and temples that are built permanently and side by side and are located within the school environment. Then there is also a joint class, where students from different religions: Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism and Confucianism become one when studying religion. In this joint class, each teacher explains the material that is delivered together and with shared material, for example, the material of affection. All religions teach love. Each teacher explains material related to love and affection.</p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="369"><p><em>Multicultural Education, Moderat Young Generation, Good Practices, Medan City</em><em> </em></p><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table>