Idea Of Logic Research Articles

New Quality Productivity Empowers Enterprises Risk-Driven Innovation -- Taking BYD's Entry into New Energy Vehicle Insurance Industry as an Example

Abstract: Driven by the new wave of revolution in the science and technology industry, emerging industries are emerging one after another, with huge potential and unpredictable risks coexisting. The concept of new quality productivity came into being,which represents the innovation of productivity and the future development trend of advanced productivity. This paper uses a conceptual analysis method to study and analyze the logical ideas of risk-driven innovation of enterprises empowered by new quality productivity, and takes BYD's entry into the new energy vehicle insurance industry as an example to conduct a case analysis. The study demonstrates the positive role that new productivity plays in empowering enterprise innovation at the technical level and building an innovation culture for enterprises when firms engage in risk-driven innovation. Based on this, the study suggests innovative behaviors for relevant enterprises to explore new industries in the future. Enterprises with innovation needs can realize risk-driven innovation by utilizing new quality productivity from multiple perspectives, such as enhancing core technology R&D capabilities, cultivating new production factors, forward-looking planning for new industries, and shaping the supply chain pattern of new industries.

The Kantian Background of Frege’s Notion of Judgement

The paper gives, in the first place, a performative reading of Frege's account of non-alethic modalities. Second, it asks the question whether there is an influence of Kant's writings on Frege's notion of assertive force. It is generally acknowledged that the Neo-Kantian tradition has been essential to Frege's development. The paper shows that it can also be fruitful to look at more direct influences of Kant himself, especially on the early Frege. The paper shows that Kant's notion of assertoric modality must have been an inspiration for Frege to make the distinction between judgement, including the assertoric force, and judgeable content. Kant's logical I may also have played a role in Frege's account of judgement in terms of the judging agent, the first person. The conclusion of the paper, though, is that Frege is not a Kantian philosopher, as his idea of logic as providing a positive standard of objectivity is completely new.

Internal Affairs Bodies and Their Place in the System of Tasks and Functions of a Modern Democratic State: Issues of Legal Doctrine

The author points out that among the main priorities of Ukraine’s domestic policy since independence has been the creation of reliable mechanisms for security, political stability, and democracy that would correspond to the relevant mechanisms employed in the European Union. The prospect of EU membership is defined at the constitutional level and is a strategic guideline for Ukrainian aspirations for transformation and a key goal for which reforms are being carried out within the Ukrainian state. The creation and implementation of such mechanisms is the standard that will allow Ukraine to join the EU’s common security system, increase the effectiveness of control over the movement and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and bring international cooperation in the fight against organized crime, illegal migration, smuggling, terrorism, and drug trafficking to a new level. It is noted that Ukraine’s intentions to integrate into the European space have necessitated significant changes in national legislation aimed at adapting to a wide range of norms and standards generally accepted in international and European practice. The sphere of public security protection deserves special attention from lawmakers, as human rights protection is an invariable «gold standard» that distinguishes a democratic state. Given the state-forming importance of the national police, its improvement is in the zone of increased attention from both the government and society. It is extremely important today to create an effective organizational model of police bodies capable of reliably protecting the interests of the economy and citizens, implementing such principles of reforming the Ukrainian police that would result not only in excellent work in detecting and stopping offenses but also in creating significant resources for preventing offenses. The author demonstrates the dependence of the functional orientation of police structures on the functional orientation of the state, in particular on the form of state-legal regime it implements, which directly lays the basic principles of the activities of law enforcement structures in the country and the principles of their reform. Therefore, the logical idea arises that the functional orientation of police structures may depend on the functional orientation of the state, in particular on the form of state-legal regime it implements, which directly lays the basic principles of the activities of law enforcement structures in the country and the principles of their reform.

Decomposition of intra-household disparity sensitive fuzzy multi-dimensional poverty index: A study of vulnerability through Shapley machine learning

The well accepted multi-dimensional measures have failed to properly project the vulnerability of human-beings towards poverty. Some of the reasons behind this inability may be the failure of the existing measures to consider the graduality within the concept of poverty and the disparities within the household in wealth distribution. So, this work wants to develop a measure to estimate the vulnerability of households in becoming poor through incorporating the intra-household disparities through the factors which suffer from graduality. The decomposition of the grade of vulnerability on the causal factors is also under the purview of this work. To that respect the idea of fuzzy logic and decomposition through artificial intelligence has been used to develop a mathematical framework. So, the idea of Shapley Value Decomposition method has been used extensively. This decomposition is implemented here with the help of Shapley Machine Learning. This decomposition will help the planners to locate the role of different dimensions behind the vulnerability of human beings to become poor more efficiently.

An Ode to a Mathematician: Commemorating Uri Leron

This is one of two contributions written to commemorate Professor Uri Leron, who became Associate Editor of what was then the International Journal for Computers and Mathematical Learning, a journal founded by Seymour Papert, and upon which Digital Experiences in Mathematics Education builds. One contribution includes memories from several current and former Editorial Board members. In this contribution, five former supervisees of Uri Leron share their stories.In addition to the personal and professional development of the storytellers, the stories reflect upon the distinguished career of Prof. Leron—a mathematician, an educator, a mentor and a colleague. These stories reflect a scholarly exchange devoted to the debate upon the nature of mathematical and computer science thinking and teaching. These topics are addressed from a variety of perspectives—cognitive, social and psychological—to highlight Uri’s interest in computing as a way to express and explore mathematical and logical ideas.

Maniera and the education of a painter: iterations of Mannerist art theory in academic classicist doctrine and its critique

ABSTRACT This article seeks to discuss narratives underlying the debate on artistic training and (self)education of artists in two distinguished moments: the sixteenth-century Italian Mannerism and nineteenth-century artistic movements which opposed academic instruction. Mannerist treatises were the first to encompass aesthetic and pedagogical concerns in the context of newly established art academies – providing a fundamental, albeit essentially unrecognised, conceptual background for the subsequent discussions on art education. The goal of this article, therefore, is to examine how the rich discursive production of Mannerist authors provided the frame of reference and delineated the limits of this debate until the late nineteenth century – by setting forth the perennial question of the polarity between imitation and individuality. For the conceptual treatment of empirical sources, we adopted an archaeological approach, which enabled us to identify how the derivations and appropriations of Mannerist concepts provided the theoretical base for both the firm establishment of Academic dogmas and, in parallel, their critique. By this methodological choice, we hope to make apparent how these narratives continually revolve around the same ideas in a binary logic of delivering critique and suggestions of reform and change, contributing thus to the deeper understanding of the debate on art education.

Creating or destroying value for users? Lessons about activation from qualitative studies in Norway and Denmark

ABSTRACT This article contributes to a growing stream of research on service co-creation and users’ experiences and use of activation services. In public management research, the idea of a public service logic has gained increasing prominence. A key point is that a better understanding of what a service genuinely is, has implications for how to develop more user-centric and efficient services. This article applies a public service logic in a critical interpretive synthesis of qualitative research findings regarding users’ experiences with activation services in Denmark and Norway. It shows that activation services are necessarily co-created, as users contribute resources to co-create services. Only users can transform these services into individual value, helping them in their process towards work. Services made by utilizing users’ resources but not answering to users’ needs may destroy individual value. Some activation services tend to contribute more to individual value creation than other services, but most services can contribute to both value creation and destruction, depending on users’ needs and circumstances. Public services must also create public value. Services users are obliged to participate in co-creating and which give priority to the creation of public value, such as clarifying eligibility for long term benefits often lead to the destruction of individual value. Taking users’ co-creation of service as a starting point in the design of and research on activation services will contribute to provide more user-centric services, increase the priority given to creation of individual over public value and thereby improve the outcome of activation policy.

Critical Thinking In Learning Perspectives On Educational Philosophy

Students are encouraged to enhance their analytical and evaluative skills through critical thinking, an essential component of education. This publication aims to investigate the significance of critical thinking in the context of learning, with a particular emphasis on educational philosophy views. This article examines the philosophical perspectives underpinning critical thinking, defines the relationship between those perspectives and academic goals, and assesses the impact these perspectives have on pupils' intellectual and moral growth. A method of research that takes a qualitative approach. Examining the ideas of epistemology, logic, and methodology that form the basis of critical thinking is accomplished through applying a philosophical perspective. To provide theoretical contributions to the debate over the function of critical thinking in the educational process, the discussion encompasses perspectives from ancient and modern philosophers. Additionally, the practical consequences of an educational philosophy perspective on the creation of curricula and teaching methods that support the development of critical thinking in students are discussed in this article.

Barrier Lyapunov function-based adaptive optimized control for full-state and input-constrained dynamic positioning of marine vessels with simulation and model-scale tests

For practical marine engineering, ensuring system performance and avoiding violations of safety-related system constraints in various scenarios remains a challenging problem. To tackle this problem, this paper addresses adaptive neural network (NN) optimized control for dynamic positioning (DP) of marine vessels suffering from unknown model uncertainties and control gains, ocean disturbances, and full-state/input constraints. To realize model-free optimized control, the reinforcement learning (RL) with a critic–actor–identifier architecture is constructed on the basis of NN approximation, in which the actor, critic, and identifier NNs are designed to perform control actions, evaluate control performance, and estimate unknown dynamics, respectively. To effectively guarantee the system safety, the critics and actors in the corresponding subsystems are decomposed into a guaranteed safety-related constraint term with respect to the barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) and an unknown dynamic term to be learned. Such a control strategy can ensure that all the state variables are restricted to a predefined safety region, even in the learning control process. From the above logical ideas, the adaptive optimized kinematic and kinetic control laws are presented to guarantee that the whole vessel system is optimized. Moreover, the motion control responses of vessels in various scenarios are realistically simulated through convincing simulations and model-scale tests. The validation results prove the applicability and feasibility of the proposed DP control strategy for practical offshore engineering.

Objective embodiment of logic: from computational machines to life and intelligence?

The subject of article is a critical analysis of the objectification of logic and, in particular, the idea of its embodiment in the living. The question of the essence and boundaries of the concept of bio-logic is raised and considered. The problem of logics's embodiment raises from its fuzzy ontological status. The novelty of the study lies in that it shows that the solution of the question of bio-logic directly depends on the question of the essence of logics as such, the views on which has gone through strong transformations during its history. Idea of logic's objectivization has became possible due to not only conceptual philosophical constructions, but also the computational revolution, which made practical implementation of logical principles in the functioning of computing machines possible. Concept of logic has subtly expanded and transformed into the idea of orderliness and algorithmicity. It is shown that such an expansive interpretation of the logical is not applicable to biosystems, because they are living totalities, where everything is reciprocal and continuously interconnected. Even such computationally similar systems as the genome and the brain turn out to be autopoietic entities that nonlinearly create themselves without following formal rules. Paradoxically, the intelligence, which was considered the cradle of logic, also turns out to be flexible and adaptive, because it is also rooted in biology. The vital fundament of living intelligence prevents its artificial modelling through logico-computational and algorithmic phenomena. Main conclusion is that question of bio-logic depends on the optics of considering logic as such, and is also associated with bio-ontology, an understanding of the essence of life. Our analysis shows that there are not sufficient grounds to recognize the existence of a special biological logic immanent to living things, which, however, has potential as a philosophical and scientific metaphor.

Beyond the Hype-The Actual Role and Risks of AI in Today's Medical Practice: Comparative-Approach Study.

The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted various sectors, with health care witnessing some of its most groundbreaking contributions. Contemporary models, such as ChatGPT-4 and Microsoft Bing, have showcased capabilities beyond just generating text, aiding in complex tasks like literature searches and refining web-based queries. This study explores a compelling query: can AI author an academic paper independently? Our assessment focuses on four core dimensions: relevance (to ensure that AI's response directly addresses the prompt), accuracy (to ascertain that AI's information is both factually correct and current), clarity (to examine AI's ability to present coherent and logical ideas), and tone and style (to evaluate whether AI can align with the formality expected in academic writings). Additionally, we will consider the ethical implications and practicality of integrating AI into academic writing. To assess the capabilities of ChatGPT-4 and Microsoft Bing in the context of academic paper assistance in general practice, we used a systematic approach. ChatGPT-4, an advanced AI language model by Open AI, excels in generating human-like text and adapting responses based on user interactions, though it has a knowledge cut-off in September 2021. Microsoft Bing's AI chatbot facilitates user navigation on the Bing search engine, offering tailored search. In terms of relevance, ChatGPT-4 delved deeply into AI's health care role, citing academic sources and discussing diverse applications and concerns, while Microsoft Bing provided a concise, less detailed overview. In terms of accuracy, ChatGPT-4 correctly cited 72% (23/32) of its peer-reviewed articles but included some nonexistent references. Microsoft Bing's accuracy stood at 46% (6/13), supplemented by relevant non-peer-reviewed articles. In terms of clarity, both models conveyed clear, coherent text. ChatGPT-4 was particularly adept at detailing technical concepts, while Microsoft Bing was more general. In terms of tone, both models maintained an academic tone, but ChatGPT-4 exhibited superior depth and breadth in content delivery. Comparing ChatGPT-4 and Microsoft Bing for academic assistance revealed strengths and limitations. ChatGPT-4 excels in depth and relevance but falters in citation accuracy. Microsoft Bing is concise but lacks robust detail. Though both models have potential, neither can independently handle comprehensive academic tasks. As AI evolves, combining ChatGPT-4's depth with Microsoft Bing's up-to-date referencing could optimize academic support. Researchers should critically assess AI outputs to maintain academic credibility.

(What) Is Feminist Logic? (What) Do We Want It to Be?

‘Feminist logic’ may sound like an impossible, incoherent, or irrelevant project, but it is none of these. We begin by delineating three categories into which projects in feminist logic might fall: philosophical logic, philosophy of logic, and pedagogy. We then defuse two distinct objections to the very idea of feminist logic: the irrelevance argument and the independence argument. Having done so, we turn to a particular kind of project in feminist philosophy of logic: Valerie Plumwood's feminist argument for a relevance logic ( L Plum ) . Plumwood's work serves as our primary case study as we turn to the project of considering three different ways we might understand her argument and revisionist arguments like it: as a priori theorizing, as ameliorative conceptual engineering, or as instances of anti-exceptionalist approaches to logic. After arguing that the anti-exceptionalist approach seems to provide the most promising means of understanding the kind of project undertaken in a feminist challenge to classical logic, we briefly address the consequences that this might have for logic instruction. Here, we argue for the perhaps unexpected conclusion that feminist programs ought to offer more, not less, instruction in logic for those who take interest.

Rethinking Logical and Political Normativity

ABSTRACT The focus of the article is the notion of normativity in logic and politics and their possible intersections. The twentieth-century divide between the analytical and the continental idea of logic is explored, by noting that they both – with significant differences – can be seen as proposing a ‘bottom-up normativity’, which may have immediate political effects. Logical normativity postulates universality, and a connection between reality and reason able to orient actions universalistically. For a bottom-up conception (as specifically advanced by Deleuze’s logic of sense), the universalistic approach does not descend from above on an elusive reality but is a self-organization of multiple processes occurring in a horizon which is typically affected by political facts and choices.

An integrated zero-sum game and data envelopment analysis model for efficiency analysis and regional carbon emission allocation

As the global economic environment changes, the concept of green and sustainable development has become the international community’s consensus. As a participant in the worldwide emission reduction plan, China is also under great pressure to reduce carbon emissions. As an example, this study constructs an optimal scheme for regional carbon emission allowance allocation in Hunan Province, China. We first forecast the total carbon emissions in 2030 for each city, state, and major industry in Hunan Province through a scenario and then innovatively use the mass function allocation theory in marketing to sort out the logical ideas of the optimization model. More importantly, we combine the zero-sum game theory to build the zero-sum game-data envelopment analysis model to continuously reallocate the carbon emission allowances of each city and state and major industries in Hunan Province until the optimal allocation scheme is reached. From the perspective of each city and state, the initial carbon emission efficiency level of fourteen cities in Hunan is high, but there are still some differences. From the perspective of industries, the initial efficiency of carbon emission of six major industries in Hunan is lower, and the difference in efficiency values is evident.

Value Co-destruction in Services: A Review of the Past Literature and an Agenda for the Future

The value co-destruction (VCD) as a concept has been overshadowed by the focus of services research on value co-creation. The usefulness of service and value has been mentioned multiple times in the literature on service-dominant logic. The logical idea that, if value can be jointly created, it can also be jointly destroyed through similar interactional processes among the service systems has simply been ignored by the services study. In order to better grasp the notion of VCD and to pinpoint prospective areas for related future research, this article attempts to bring it to light. This study aims to do an in-depth literature review to identify the major aspects related to VCD that have been studied so far and thereby identify the gaps in the VCD literature to highlight the scope for related future research.

Piano Cycles “Children's Music” No. 1 and No. 2 in the Works by Valentyn Sylvestrov: Distinctive Features of Interpretation of the Concept of Childhood

Relevance of research. Even though a lot of scholarly research has been devoted to study Sylvestrov’s music, most of it does not have a thorough analysis as it simply repeats the composer's own remarks about his work. Therefore, there is a need to update methodology of researching Sylvestrov's music and to find new approaches that will consider both, contemporary as well as earlier composed music. One of such insufficiently researched works is piano cycles called “Children's Music”. Its detailed and more thorough research will allow to better understand the nature of the stylistic reversal that took place in Sylvestrov’s music in the early 1970s. Moreover, except for Sylvestrov, no other composer from the “Kyiv Avant-Garde” group composed similar children-themed cycles. This reinforces the significance of Sylvestrov’s Piano Cycles “Children's Music” and encourages further research of the composer's vision of the childhood notion and its features.
 The purpose of the article. To consider scholarly prior research of the two cycles of “Children's Music”, and to test new approaches to identify the nuances of the composer's vision and his interpretation of the childhood concept.
 Methods. The following methods were used in the research analysis: (1) analytical, that includes the analysis of existing study, views and findings, analysis of the logical idea of the “Children's Music”); (2) semantic, that includes analysis of the cycles’ content idea and the composer's musical interpretation of the childhood concept); (3) comparative, that includes the review and comparative analysis of the cycles. (4) To better convey the nuances or specifics of the composer's vision of the concept of childhood and its musical expression, the researcher of this paper uses the elements of Eric Berne's transactional analysis method and Neil Postman's theory of childhood.
 The results and conclusions. It will be improper to dissect these two cycles of “Children's Music” into “music about children” and “music for children” because it negates the opportunity to reveal the specifics of the composer's musical interpretation of the concept of childhood. In Sylvestrov's view, childhood is the past that cannot be changed or erased because it is an integral part of one’s personality. At the same time, childhood is not exclusively the world of children that is disconnected from adulthood. The two worlds—childhood and adulthood—overlap and merge, and create a new integral unity that is an adult child who, due to childhood experiences, rebuilds himself in the present and achieves a new level of fulfillment to move forward. This reliving and rebuilding of the past childhood experiences to renew the present and find a possible future in adulthood was expressed in Sylvestrov's musical style at the time: the composer “reinvented” the old musical tradition and its style, and found ways to interact with the style of the present (commonly known as “avant-garde”). These two cycles of “Children's Music” may be regarded as the beginning of Sylvestrov's new musical sound and his original approach to music. The later works of Sylvestrov finally normalized and conceptualized the stylistic elements that the composer developed in the context of using the experience of childhood as a re-establishment restoration of integrity. Therefore, further research of the expression of childhood in Sylvestrov's music and analysis of the child-adult interconnection disposition using Sylvestrov’s musical expression is needed.

From Roost to Rookery: Environmental Memory in Mark Cocker’s Crow Country

This article expands Lawrence Buell’s notion of environmental memory beyond its seemingly singular focus on the natural environment in relation to the human. It does so by paying close attention to the nonhuman animals that also inhabit these spaces. As our understanding of animals becomes ever more complex, it becomes clear that they each have a specific subjective relation with, and memories of, the environments they inhabit. These more-than-human memories also deserve our recognition and understanding and can help us formulate a less anthropocentric approach to memory studies. Mark Cocker’s Crow Country, a seminal piece of British New Nature Writing, consequently allows us to imagine where such a more-than-human memory can begin and what it could look like. In his book, he reflects at length on the entanglement of landscape with both human and crow memory. By reading his text alongside Jamie Lorimer’s idea of affective logics and Diana Taylor’s conception of the ephemeral repertoire, we can not only see how humans act and remember in relation to other beings, but also what the role of literature might be in these more-than-human interactions.

Safety Index, Evaluation Model, and Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Power Information System under Classified Protection 2.0

Aiming at the problems of the low integration of the current power information system security assessment method with classified protection 2.0, strong subjectivity, and the vague quantification of objective indexes, this article proposes to establish a safety index system suitable for the electric power information system with the existing safety inspection standards for power systems on the basis of the classified protection 2.0 evaluation system. Additionally, it quantifies each index through a quantitative method combining subjective and objective methods and uses the analytic hierarchy process entropy method to obtain the combined weight of the evaluation index system. Finally, this paper summarizes the expert scores and the graded protection evaluation reports of the six systems into the original data for comprehensive weight calculation and analyzes the rationality of the weight change. The comparison and analysis of the closeness of the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) and the evaluation score of the equal guarantee have confirmed the scientificity and rationality of the evaluation model. It provides a reasonable logical idea for the implementation of the classified protection 2.0 system in the power information system.

Penalaran Siswa SMA dalam Pembuktian Matematika pada Materi Trigonometri Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Matematika

Reasoning in mathematical proof is a thinking process to draw conclusions based on logical ideas by rebuilding previous knowledge and connecting it with current knowledge in order to demonstrate the truth of a mathematical statement supported by logical arguments. To be able to know students' reasoning in mathematical proving is associated with problem solving because problem solving and reasoning have a close relationship. Differences in students' mathematical abilities allow for differences related to reasoning in mathematical proof. The purpose of this study is to describe the reasoning of high school students with high, medium and low mathematical abilities in proving mathematics on trigonometry material.
 This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The research subjects consisted of 3 students from class X, namely students with high, medium and low mathematical abilities. The research data were obtained from the results of mathematical ability tests, mathematical proving tests, and interviews. Mathematical ability tests were used for the selection of research subjects, mathematical proof tests were used to find out how students reasoned in proving mathematics on trigonometry material and interviews were conducted to find out more clearly about the explanation of the reasoning process written by the subjects on the mathematical proof test.
 The results showed that the three students understood the problem by identifying information that was known and that was not known to students with high mathematical ability and logical reasons, but students with moderate and low mathematical ability, there were statements that were not accompanied by logical reasons. In planning the completion, students with high mathematical ability are accompanied by logical reasons but students with moderate and low mathematical ability have statements that are not accompanied by logical reasons. In carrying out the completion plan students with high mathematical ability can solve problems according to plan accompanied by logical reasons, for students with moderate mathematical ability can solve problems according to plan, even though there are statements that are not accompanied by logical reasons, but students with low mathematical ability they cannot solve problems and did not succeed in carrying out according to the plan because they were confused about proceeding with problem solving. In re-examining the process and results, students with high ability get conclusions from their completion and examine the process from the start, starting from reading the problem, planning, implementing plans and conclusions with logical reasons, for students with moderate mathematical ability getting conclusions from their completion and checking their calculations with logical reasons. However, students with low mathematical ability did not get a conclusion from the solution because they could not solve the problem and did not re-examine the process.

An integrated model of five sense perceptions and memorable tourism experiences: mediating effects of positive emotion

ABSTRACT This study selects the tourism performing art of You Jian Pingyao as a case study. Based on cognitive memory theory and emotional evaluation theory, it follows the logical idea of “five sense perceptions of tourist destination-positive emotions-memorable tourism experiences,” and establishes a theoretical model and analyzes it. The results of this study provide new ideas for solving the problem of five sense perceptions in regional tourism and provide new strategies for enhancing memorable tourism experiences, which will contribute to the sustainable development of tourism performing art and the promotion of tourism destination brand competitiveness.