Ideal Standards Research Articles

Improving Civics Education Learning Outcomes in 1908 National Awakening Spirit Materials by Using Problem Solving Learning Methods

Implementing teaching plays an important role for the success of teaching proces. Good teaching implementation was strongly influenced by good planning as well. In addition, the implementation of teaching can be successful if supported by the existence and enthusiasm of teachers and students. Intensive study conducted by the Directorate of Education (1996-1997) to identify students' learning and understanding in accordance with the curriculum. The aim of this article was to determine the extent to which the application of the Problem Solving learning method was applied in improving the Learning Outcomes of the National Awakening Spirit of National Awakening Material in 1908. The researcher used classroom action research method. This action research was conducted in 3 cycles. The result showed that it be able to improve the Learning Outcomes of the National Awakening Spirit of the Year 1908 by achieving ideal standards. From 64.31% in cycle 1, it can increase in cycle 2 to 74.92% and cycle 3 to 82.15%, and classically it has reached completeness. The results of this action research indicated that the application of the Problem Solving learning method can improve the Learning Outcomes of the 1908 National Awakening Spirit of Class VIII A PPKn with completeness reaching 100%, thus the application of the Problem Solving learning method was effective in improving learning outcomes in PPKn subjects at MTs Aswaja Tengaran.
 Keywords: Students Learning Outcomes, Problem Solving Learning Method, Improving Civics Education

Unicameral Bone Cysts: Review of Etiopathogenesis and Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Management.

This article aims to review the epidemiology, etio-pathogenesis and updates in clinical diagnostics and management of unicameral bone cysts (UBC). A computerized literature search using Cochrane database of systematic reviews, EMBASE and PubMed was performed. MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms used in searches included the following sub-headings: "unicameral bone cyst", "epidemiology", "etiology", "pathogenesis", "diagnosis", "management" and "surgery". Studies were analyzed based on clinical relevance for the practicing orthopedic surgeon. UBC accounts for 3% of all bone tumors and is asymptomatic in most cases. Nearly 85% of cases occur in children and adolescents, with more than 90% involving the proximal humerus and proximal femur. Despite multiple theories proposed, the exact etiology is still unclear. Diagnosis is straightforward, with radiographs and MRI aiding in it. While non-surgical treatment is recommended in most cases, in those warranting surgery, combined minimal-invasive techniques involving decompression of cyst and stabilization have gained importance in recent times. There is variation in the diagnosis and treatment of UBCs among surgeons. Due to the vast heterogeneity of reported studies, no one method is the ideal standard of care. As most UBCs tend to resolve by skeletal maturity, clinicians need to balance the likelihood of successful treatment with morbidity associated with procedures and the risks of developing a pathological fracture. Review Article.

Geographic latitude and human height - Statistical analysis and case studies from China

Based on Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS) data, this paper selects ten variables, including height, gender, household registration, and age. Through the statistical analysis of 57,574 survey samples, this study finds that the average height of China’s population has increased by more than 10 cm in the past 100 years. Among the findings, the data indicate the average height of men born after the 1990s is 11 cm taller than that of men born after the 1920s, which has now reached 173 cm, and that the height of women is 10.93 cm taller, averaging 163 cm. The average height of the Chinese population reflects significant differences in gender, region or province, urbanity and rurality, and nationality, among other variables. The average height of men and women gradually increases with the increase of geographical latitude. Some economically developed southern provinces approach the average height of the North. This paper predicts that the average height of the newborn population will continue to have inertial growth in the next 20 years, and the newborn male population will reach the World Health Organization’s ideal height standard of 176.5 cm by 2030. The analysis suggests that geographic latitude and heredity are the determinants of body development. Geographical latitude difference is a super-variable for human mitochondria to regulate the proportion of heat outflow and ATP transformation. Historically, the population living in high-latitude areas of China migrates to economically developed low-latitude provinces such as Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong, which is the main reason why the per capita height in these areas is significantly taller than that in other southern provinces.

ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS IN LINEAR ALGEBRA COURSES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The purpose of this study is to analyze students' creative thinking skills in linear algebra courses in the Covid-19 period. This research was conducted in students of the third semester of the academic year 2021/2022 using 28 respondents. Data collection is done using a creative thinking questionnaire of 30 statement items that have been compiled according to indicators of creative thinking ability. The scale used in this study is the Likert scale. Data analysis to find out the ability to creatively think students used narrative analysis techniques with ideal criteria, namely ideal mean and ideal deviation standards. Based on data analysis obtained as a result of using indicators: fluency (72.50), elaboration (78.00), Flexibility (72.00), originality (70.00). So it can be concluded that the creative thinking ability of students in linear algebra courses is in a moderate category with an average score of 73.13.

Political realism and the quest for political progress

Political realism and the quest for political progress

Conducting a Global Quadruple Aim Thematic Analysis of Telemedicine Performance in Rural Indigenous Populations and Evidence-Based Recommendations for Improvement

As telehealth is a growing form of healthcare delivery across the world, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic, it’s impact on patient populations particularly in aboriginal and rural communities boasts many questions. As the health disparities between aboriginal groups living in rural areas on reserves and the rest of the Canadian demographics remain to be mountainous, telemedicine is often seen as the new way forward in reducing these healthcare gaps.
 Presently, much research has been conducted on these cohorts, particularly in the health equity atmosphere. However, much of this research lacks a comprehensive framework or tool in which it analyzes the efficacy of outcomes. In this review paper, the quadruple aim – the ideal standard of care which North American health systems seek to conform to – will be used to analyze telemedicine performance, and assert evidence-based recommendations for improvement. 
 Therefore, this paper seeks to conduct a thematic analysis on the various issues and barriers to telemedicine delivery and usage in aboriginal populations with respect to the quadruple aim as well as identifying evidence-based solutions to alleviate some of these concerns and bolster care.

Image Editing Tools for Visually Appealing Self-Presentations: Digitally Mediated Social Presence, Body Dissatisfaction and Shame, and Ideal Beauty Standards

Image Editing Tools for Visually Appealing Self-Presentations: Digitally Mediated Social Presence, Body Dissatisfaction and Shame, and Ideal Beauty Standards

Auditorium Model Assessment with Corrected Acoustic Function

The study of acoustic function is growing to be important today. In the conditions of the development of an all-artificial civilization, it turns out that complementary electronic ornaments are still very dependent on the level of success with the form of the structure and composition of the room itself. The problem arises when an adjustment on one side, intended for improvement, actually shifts the ideal coordinates on the other side. For this reason, a comprehensive adjustment and correction idea should emerge as a solution, with acoustic studies as a starting point. This study tries to describe the ideal design based on investigations and observations of the actual condition of the auditorium of the National University and also tries to determine the suitable material for the room. The stages carried out in the research can be adapted to the needs of the research. This step is to get the most comprehensive results with the most effective and efficient steps. Integrated software and trial and error analysis are also part of the research method. It was found that the new design of the National University auditorium has good acoustic insulation with some adjustments that are still possible to get the ideal standardization of the room.

INTEGRATION OF KANO MODEL & QFD TO EVALUATE MINIMUM SERVICE STANDARDS ON PENATARAN TRAIN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Restrictions on people activities due to COVID-19 have caused many train trips to be canceled. In addition, people are still afraid to use public transportation because it is considered a breeding ground for viruses. Therefore, the protocol for preventing the spread of COVID-19 in the health aspect must be carried out properly on rail transport to reduce people's worries. This study aims to evaluate the minimum service standards related to the COVID-19 health protocol on Penataran Train while adopting new habits. There are fifteen research variables based on regulations from several institutions focused on this research. 417 respondents filled out the online questionnaire. Kano model analysis determines the best minimum service standards based on respondents' perceptions. Then, the quality function deployment analysis is used to obtain service improvement priorities. The results showed that seven variables were in the One dimensional category, and three were in the Attractive category. Of the ten variables that become ideal service standards, provision of hand sanitizers, cleaning trains with disinfectant, and checking body temperature must receive special priority. Social distancing facilities on the floor and information on preventing the spread of COVID-19 via visual are two of the recommended services to be implemented on Penataran Train during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Structure-based ligand design and discovery of novel tenuazonic acid derivatives with high herbicidal activity

IntroductionComputer-aided design has become an important tool to develop novel pesticides based on natural lead compounds. Tenuazonic acid (TeA), a typical representative of the natural tetramic acid family, was patented as a potential bioherbicide. However, its herbicidal efficacy is still not up to the ideal standard of commercial products. ObjectivesWe aim to find new TeA’s derivatives with improved potency. MethodsMolecular docking was used to build ligand-acceptor interaction models, design and screen new derivatives. Phytotoxicity, oxygen evolution rate, chlorophyll fluorescence and herbicidal efficacy were determined to estimate biological activity of compounds. ResultsWith the aid of a constructed molecular model of natural lead molecule TeA binding to the QB site in Arabidopsis D1 protein, a series of derivatives differing in the alkyl side chain were designed and ranked according to free energies. All compounds are stabilized by hydrogen bonding interactions between their carbonyl oxygen O2 and D1-Gly256 residue; moreover, hydrogen bond distance is the most important factor for maintaining high binding affinity. Among 54 newly designed derivatives, D6, D13 and D27 with better affinities than TeA were screened out and synthesized to evaluate their photosynthetic inhibitory activity and herbicidal efficacy. Analysis of structure-activity relationship indicated that D6 and D13 with sec-pentyl and sec-hexyl side chains, respectively, were about twice more inhibitory of PSII activity and effective as herbicide than TeA with a sec-butyl side chain. ConclusionD6 and D13 are promising compounds to develop TeA-derived novel PSII herbicides with superior performance.

Assessment of Antibiotic Prescription Pattern Using who Prescribing Indicators and Aware Categorization of Antibiotics

Background: Medicines play a crucial role in the healthcare delivery of a hospital. The appropriate use of medicines gives us assessment of the quality of health services being provided in a particular region. Aim: To evaluate the prescribing practices and antibiotic utilization patterns so that the extent of irrational use can be assessed by comparing them with published ideal values set by WHO. Study design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Teaching Hospital of Faisalabad: Independent University Hospital (IUH), from Jan 2018 to June/July 2018. Methodology: 200 cases were selected through systematic random sampling from medicine/surgery wards and pharmacy registers. The standard World Health Organization prescribing indicators and AWaRe categorization of antibiotics were used to assess the prescribing practices of physicians/surgeons. Published ideal standards for each of the indicators were compared with study findings to identify extent of irrational drug use. Results: Most of the facility indicators were met with. The Drug and Therapeutic Committee (DTC) was functional. The Standard treatment guideline booklets (STGs) and Essential Drugs List (EDL) of the hospital were available. 88% of the key drugs listed in EDL were available in stock. The expenditure on antibiotics compared to total medicines was 17%. Regarding prescribing indicators: the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 6 (optimal value 1.6–1.8). Average no of antibiotic per prescription amounted to almost 1 (0.925). % prescriptions with an antibiotic amounted to 72% (optimal value 20-26.8%).72% antibiotics were prescribed from the EDL formulary of the hospital (optimal value 100%). Conclusion: Regarding compliance with prescribing indicators and AWaRe categorization of antibiotics by WHO, significant deviation was observed. Education and training of physicians according to WHO parameters is required to ensure rational prescribing. Keywords: Prescription pattern, WHO Prescribing Indicators, AWaRe Categorization

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia melalui Penerapan Metode Inkuiri Siswa SMPN 1 Sukamulia Semester Ganjil

Learning approach with "Application of Inquiry Method in Improving Learning Outcomes." is a learning concept that helps teachers relate the material being taught to students' real-world situations and encourages students to make connections between their knowledge and its application in their lives as family and community members. With this concept, learning outcomes are expected to be more meaningful for students. The learning process takes place naturally in the form of student activities working and experiencing, not transferring knowledge from teacher to student. A learning strategy is far more important than a result. The purpose of this classroom action research (CAR) is to find out the extent to which the learning outcomes of news text material in class VII-A students of Indonesian language lessons improve by applying the Inquiry Method. In this classroom action research (CAR) was conducted in 2 cycles, from the results of the actions taken proved to be able to improve student learning outcomes by achieving the ideal standard. From 70% in the first cycle, it can increase in the second cycle to 100%. The results of this action research indicate that the application of learning with the Inquiry Method can improve student learning mastery in Indonesian lessons with completeness reaching 100%.

Improving Teacher Performance in Developing Teaching Materials Through Academic Supervision as an Effort to Improve Academic Quality in Schools

An important problem that is often faced by teachers in learning activities is choosing or determining appropriate learning materials or teaching materials in order to help students achieve competence. This is due to the fact that in the curriculum or syllabus, teaching materials are only written in outline in the form of "subject material". It is the teacher's job to describe the subject matter so that it becomes a complete teaching material. In addition, how to use teaching materials is also a problem. The intended use is how to teach it from the teacher's point of view, and how to learn it from the student's point of view. The purpose of this school action research (PTS) is to find out the extent to which the coaching of the Madrasah Principal improves the performance of teachers in choosing teaching materials. In this school action research (PTS), it was carried out in 3 cycles, from the results of the actions taken it was proven to be able to improve teacher performance by achieving ideal standards. From 64.47% in the first cycle, it could increase to 74.59% in the second cycle, and the second cycle. to III 83.29%. The results of this action research indicate that coaching through the academic supervision of the Madrasah Head can improve teacher performance in choosing teaching materials at MAN 1 Semarang, Semarang Regency.

Eating disorders and body image in cystic fibrosis

Eating disorders and disturbed body image have been reported in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) and may contribute to poor weight gain, reduced lung function and increased mortality. CF individuals often look and feel different from their peers and bear the additional burden of body-altering side effects of treatment. As a result, the impact of disorders such as binge eating, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia nervosa may adversely affect the social, emotional, and physical development of those with CF.Multiple risk factors may contribute to the development of an eating disorder in CF. Growth failure is affected by the physical impairments of CF, including pancreatic insufficiency, high energy demands, respiratory infections, and delayed and stunted growth and puberty. Psychological factors, such as CF associated depression and anxiety, intense focus on BMI, lack of control in a chronic disease, and preoccupation with morbidity and mortality, likely further contribute. Exercise inefficiency, secondary to poor lung function, low BMI and pulmonary exacerbations, and the potential for medication manipulation are also additional risk factors.The intense scrutiny around BMI may lead to a poor relationship with food, including disordered eating habits, abnormal mealtime behaviors, and stressful caregiver-patient interactions regarding meals. This further contributes to a discrepancy between ideal CF nutritional standards and the reality of the challenges of appropriate daily energy intake for an individual with CF.It is imperative that CF providers are equipped to identify potential eating disorders and disturbed body image in their CF patients. Improved screening and monitoring practices should be developed and implemented, with multidisciplinary support from all CF care team members, including dietitians, mental health professionals, and social workers, to best support holistic care and optimize outcomes. Increased attention to these concerns may help reduce CF related morbidity and mortality.

Building therapeutic alliances with patients in treatment for low back pain: A focus group study.

Low back pain is a multidimensional disorder and a biopsychosocial management approach is recommended. However, recent data indicates that physiotherapists mainly focus on biomechanical aspects in treatment and struggle with addressing psychosocial barriers for recovery. We wanted to explore how physiotherapists express their experiences of building therapeutic alliances within a biopsychosocial perspective of low back pain. Qualitative focus-group interviews were performed with five physiotherapists on two occasions with 6months in between. Data were analyzed within a hermeneutical perspective with decontextualization and recontextualization, and identification of themes. Four main themes were identified from the analyses: (1) An ideal standard: Presence, empathy and applying the biopsychosocial perspective is central for building therapeutic alliance. (2) Time-consuming: Active listening and personally adapted treatment is important and time-consuming. (3) Challenging area: Advanced clinical reasoning is needed to understand and modify complex barriers for recovery. Clinical experience is sometimes necessary to integrate the psychological and social domains into physiotherapy management. (4) The art of balancing: Important to apply sensitive communication to help patients gain new insight. Some heavy psychosocial demands on patients may be outside physiotherapists' professional competence. The physiotherapists in this focus group study expressed a shared view that therapeutic alliance should build upon person-centering, motivational communication, and facilitation of lifestyle adjustments within a biopsychosocial perspective of low back pain. Complex clinical reasoning necessary as the optimal cause-corrective treatment strategies were often not obvious. Time and tools to uncover and modify relevant psychological obstacles for recovery were perceived challenging and partly dependent on clinical experience. Addressment of psychosocial obstacles for recovery should be included in basic as well as postgraduate curriculums for physiotherapists. Collaborative practice support strategies like peer guidance and better platforms for interprofessional collaboration and decision support could contribute to improve practice in the psychosocial domain.

Analytical Study for Economics of Producing Rice in Najaf Governorate. During 2009 Season

This research aims to estimate and analyze the function of rice production in Najaf area Governorate through analyzing the relation between inputs and outputs, then to estimate a technical and economical efficiency in using the resources of production through their ideal elements. Also to limit the ideal standards in using the elements of production. This research depends on cross section data which presents the size of production in 2009 season, presented by (72) farms in the area. Statistical analyses used Cobb-Doglas function to clarify the relationship between inputs and out puts.The economic derivative was calculated in order to identify the pattern of the usage of Capital and labor resources . The optimum combination of these were found by using (131) hour/donum ,and(400285) dinar/donum,and the optimum production stands at(777.7) kg/donum,while the average production for each donum was (575)kg/donum.

Authoritarian Governance and Ambiguous Religious Policy: An Uncertain Future for Covenantal Pluralism in Tajikistan

The former Soviet Central Asian republic of Tajikistan has witnessed a conflictual political and social transformation after 1991 leading to a devastating civil war between 1992 and 1997. After the civil war, international efforts of liberal peacebuilding and post-conflict rehabilitation allowed a domestic détente, in which political and, importantly, religious pluralism could flourish unprecedently for the standards of the country. Still, this form of pluralism did not meet the ideal standards of covenantal pluralism as such. In the past decade, moreover, Tajikistan has gradually turned into a consolidated autocracy in which even formal pluralism is suspended. Authoritarian governance, especially in the sphere of religion, has aggravated societal divides and undermined social cohesion in the country. Although the short-term prospects for pluralism in general and covenantal pluralism in particular are dim, a differentiated perspective on the ideal of covenantal pluralism in the longue durée might provide possible starting points for meaningful engagement in Tajikistan bridging religious, societal, and political divides.

Meningkatkan Kinerja Kepala Sekolah dalam Melaksanakan Supervisi Kelas melalui Supervisi Manajerial Pengawas pada Sekolah Binaan di Kecamatan Masbagik Kabupaten Lombok Timur

The purpose of this action research is to determine the extent of the influence of managerial supervision in improving the performance of principals at the target schools in the Masbagik district for the 2021-2022 school year. In this action research was carried out in 2 cycles, from the results of the actions taken it was proven to be able to improve the performance of the principal by achieving the ideal standard. From 63% in Cycle I, it could increase to 89% in Cycle II. The results of this action research indicate that the supervision of supervisors through managerial supervision is effective in improving the performance of school principals in the fostered schools of East Lombok Regency.

Upaya Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru dalam Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran melalui Supervisi Kelas pada SDN 1 Denggen Kecamatan Selong Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021

The purpose of this school action research (PTS) is to determine the extent to which the supervision carried out by the principal followed by the provision of guidance/treatment to the target teachers can improve the competence of these teachers in applying learning models in the classroom. In this school action research (PTS) it was conducted in 2 cycles, from the results of the actions taken it was proven to be able to increase teacher competence by achieving ideal standards. In the first cycle, the increase in teacher competence after classroom supervision was carried out after coaching on the use of several new learning models reached around 33.33% in the second cycle, it could increase to 100%. The average score obtained after class supervision was carried out in the first cycle was 63.00 and increased in the second cycle to 83.33, meaning that there was an increase of 20.33. The results of this school action research show that coaching principals can improve teacher competence in developing learning by applying learning models in their respective classes.Keywords: Teacher Competence, Class Supervision

Upaya Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru dalam Melaksanakan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif melalui Supervisi Akademik di SDN 4 Sikur Kecamatan Sikur Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021

This research is a school action research (PTS) which raises about how teachers can use problem-based cooperative learning models in the learning process in the classroom with the intention of increasing their performance in learning carried out in class and the evaluation is carried out through continuous mentoring activities of the principal. This school action research activity was carried out at SDN 4 Sikur for 3 months, starting from January to March 2021 by going through cycle stages. The purpose of this school action research (PTS) is to find out the extent to which continuous mentoring carried out by school principals followed by the provision of guidance/treatment to target teachers can improve the competence of these teachers in classroom learning. In this school action research (PTS) it was carried out in 2 cycles, from the results of the actions taken it was proven to be able to improve teacher performance by achieving ideal standards. In the first cycle the increase in teacher competence after classroom supervision after continuous coaching has only reached about 66.67% in the second cycle it can increase to 100%. The average score obtained after class supervision in the first cycle was 63.30 and increased in the second cycle to 83.33, meaning that there was an increase of 20.03 and the level of completeness as a group/classical in the first cycle reached 66.67% and in the second cycle increased to 100%. The results of this school action research show that coaching/assistance in the academic supervision of the principal can improve teacher performance in utilizing the problem-based cooperative learning model.