Ideal Lifestyle Research Articles

Matting Image Background Switching Application

With the development of the times, people are increasingly pursuing an ideal lifestyle, and frequent photography often makes it difficult for people to get rid of the modified "perfect" image in the images. Crop, as a commonly used image processing technique, plays an important role in beautifying images. This article will analyze and compare this image cropping technique in depth, and briefly introduce its application methods. From a technical perspective, this cropping algorithm is independent of Trimap technology. By performing mask cropping on the image, it effectively extracts details and ultimately generates a more natural image with background changes.

Association of lifestyle with valvular heart disease progression and life expectancy among elderly people from different socioeconomic backgrounds

BackgroundCurrent cardiovascular prevention strategies are based on studies that seldom include valvular heart disease (VHD). The role of modifiable lifestyle factors on VHD progression and life expectancy among the elderly with different socioeconomic statuses (SES) remains unknown.MethodsThis cohort study included 164,775 UK Biobank participants aged 60 years and older. Lifestyle was determined using a five-factor scoring system covering smoking status, obesity, physical activity, diet, and sleep patterns. Based on this score, participants were then classified into “poor,” “moderate,” or “ideal” lifestyle groups. SES was classified as high or low based on the Townsend Deprivation Index. The association of lifestyle with major VHD progression was evaluated using a multistate mode. The life table method was employed to determine life expectancy with VHD and without VHD.ResultsThe UK Biobank documented 5132 incident VHD cases with a mean follow-up of 12.3 years and 1418 deaths following VHD with a mean follow-up of 6.0 years. Compared to those with a poor lifestyle, women and men followed an ideal lifestyle had lower hazard ratios for incident VHD (0.66 with 95% CI, 0.59–0.73 for women and 0.77 with 95% CI, 0.71–0.83 for men) and for post-VHD mortality (0.58 for women, 95% CI 0.46–0.74 and 0.62 for men, 95% CI 0.54–0.73). When lifestyle and SES were combined, the lower risk of incident VHD and mortality were observed among participants with an ideal lifestyle and high SES compared to participants with an unhealthy lifestyle and low SES. There was no significant interaction between lifestyle and SES in their correlation with the incidence and subsequent mortality of VHD. Among low SES populations, 60-year-old women and men with VHD who followed ideal lifestyles lived 4.2 years (95% CI, 3.8–4.7) and 5.1 years (95% CI, 4.5–5.6) longer, respectively, compared to those with poor lifestyles. In contrast, the life expectancy gain for those without VHD was 4.4 years (95% CI, 4.0–4.8) for women and 5.3 years (95% CI, 4.8–5.7) for men when adhering to an ideal lifestyle versus a poor one.ConclusionsAdopting a healthier lifestyle can significantly slow down the progression from free of VHD to incident VHD and further to death and increase life expectancy for both individuals with and without VHD within diverse socioeconomic elderly populations.

Associations of combined genetic and lifestyle risks with hypertension and home hypertension

No study, to our knowledge, has constructed a polygenic risk score based on clinical blood pressure and investigated the association of genetic and lifestyle risks with home hypertension. We examined the associations of combined genetic and lifestyle risks with hypertension and home hypertension. In a cross-sectional study of 7027 Japanese individuals aged ≥20 years, we developed a lifestyle score based on body mass index, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and sodium-to-potassium ratio, categorized into ideal, intermediate, and poor lifestyles. A polygenic risk score was constructed with the target data (n = 1405) using publicly available genome-wide association study summary statistics from BioBank Japan. Using the test data (n = 5622), we evaluated polygenic risk score performance and examined the associations of combined genetic and lifestyle risks with hypertension and home hypertension. Hypertension and home hypertension were defined as blood pressure measured at a community-support center ≥140/90 mmHg or at home ≥135/85 mmHg, respectively, or self-reported treatment for hypertension. In the test data, 2294 and 2322 participants had hypertension and home hypertension, respectively. Both polygenic risk and lifestyle scores were independently associated with hypertension and home hypertension. Compared with those of participants with low genetic risk and an ideal lifestyle, the odds ratios for hypertension and home hypertension in the low genetic risk and poor lifestyle group were 1.94 (95% confidence interval, 1.34–2.80) and 2.15 (1.60–2.90), respectively. In summary, lifestyle is important to prevent hypertension; nevertheless, participants with high genetic risk should carefully monitor their blood pressure despite a healthy lifestyle.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients' Knowledge About Disease Complications and Management Targets for Glucose, Lipids, Blood Pressure, and Body Weight.

Background As a result of the chronic nature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), its complications, and treatment complexity, patients should have a comprehensive knowledge of various aspects of T2DM management and follow-up. The study aimed to assess T2DM patients' knowledge of disease complications and their screening strategies and the management targets for glucose, lipids, blood pressure, and body weight. Methods This was a cross-sectional and questionnaire-based study including 205 adult patients with T2DM from November 2023 to March 2024. The patients were randomly selected at one tertiary endocrine center and the outpatient clinics of three teaching hospitals in Basrah, southern Iraq. Social and disease-related data were collected. Another 18 T2DM-related questions were designed to assess the patients' knowledge about the aim of treatment; T2DM complications and their screening; the recommended targets for glycemic, lipid, and blood pressure control; and the recommended exercise and weight loss. We gave one point for each correct answer and considered a final score of 10/18 as adequate. Results Of a total of 205 patients, 109 (53.2) were women. The mean age for patients was 48.7 ± 13.1 years. Based on the patients' responses, 107 (52.2%) had adequate knowledge about T2DM. Questions about the target fasting and post-prandial capillary blood glucose, HbA1c target and frequency, and naming the current treatment were the most correctly answered questions (80.9%, 73.1%, 68.7%, and 72.6%, respectively). Questions about the lipid target, definition of hypoglycemia, and ideal lifestyle for T2DM (exercise and bodyweight loss) were least correctly answered. Patients younger than 40 years old, being a man, with a higher educational level, and T2DM duration of more than five years had significantly higher T2DM knowledge. Conclusions Only half of the patients had adequate T2DM knowledge. Better degree of knowledge was particularly observed in patients with younger age, male gender, higher educational level, and longer T2DM duration.There is a need to promote diabetes education strategies for people with T2DM.

Impact of health practice index and cardiovascular health metrics on incident cardiovascular disease according to glucose tolerance status.

To evaluate and compare the association of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) with the Health Practice Index (HPI) reflecting only lifestyle habits and Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics (ICVHMs) consisting of lifestyle habits and factors targeted for control in the same population according to glucose status. This retrospective cohort study included 1,28,162 participants aged 18-72years with no history of CVD followed for ≥ 3years between 2008 and 2016. Participants were classified according to normal glucose tolerance (86,174), prediabetes (36,096), or diabetes (5892). HPI and ICVHMs scores were classified into three groups (high/medium/low). Multivariate Cox regression hazard analysis examined CVD risk. During a mean follow-up of 5.2years, 1057 CVD events occurred. In prediabetes, CVD risk was significantly higher in groups with both medium and low HPI scores and ICVHMs scores compared to high scores for normal glucose tolerance (hazard ratios [HRs] for high/medium/low HPI scores were 0.95 [0.78-1.17], 1.56 [1.29-1.89], and 2.41 [1.74-3.34] and for ICVHMs scores were 0.74 [0.50-1.11], 1.58 [1.26-1.98], and 2.63 [2.10-3.31], respectively). Regarding diabetes, compared with high HPI/ICVHMs scores in the normal glucose tolerance group, a significantly increased CVD risk was observed in the high-score HPI group, but not in the high-score ICVHMs group (HPI high/medium/low HR, 1.63 [1.22-2.18], 2.19 [1.69-2.83], and 2.26 [1.34 -3.83]; ICVHMs high/medium/low HR, 1.14 [0.47-2.81], 2.38 [1.75-3.23], and 3.31 [2.50-4.38], respectively). In diabetes, ideal lifestyle practices alone were insufficient for primary prevention of CVD but had a greater impact on primary prevention of CVD in prediabetes. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-024-00708-7.

The Plights of Females in Passion by Alice Munro

By the study of a collection of novel runaways, the paper can discover the Alice Munro depicts the growth process where some traditional women never give up seeking for the ideal life style in the patriarchal system. Thus, this thesis aims to discuss women’s growth process in Runaway to explore self-pursuit of women’s ideal life style and self-realization process from the perspective of feminism criticism involving a series of topics, such as voice right, self-consciousness, and gender issues. It not only provides new perspective of the study about Munro’s works, but also it is beneficial for readers to capture the profound connotation and to enjoy the artistic charm.

Genetic Risk, Healthy Lifestyle Adherence, and Risk of Developing Diabetes in the Japanese Population.

This study examined the relationship between genetic risk, healthy lifestyle, and risk of developing diabetes. This prospective cohort study included 11,014 diabetes-free individuals ≥ 20 years old from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-based cohort study. Lifestyle scores, including the body mass index, smoking, physical activity, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (marker of alcohol consumption), were assigned, and participants were categorized into ideal, intermediate, and poor lifestyles. A polygenic risk score (PRS) was constructed based on the type 2 diabetes loci from the BioBank Japan study. A multiple logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between genetic risk, healthy lifestyle, and diabetes incidence and to calculate the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Of the 11,014 adults included (67.8% women; mean age [standard deviation], 59.1 [11.3] years old), 297 (2.7%) developed diabetes during a mean 4.3 (0.8) years of follow-up. Genetic and lifestyle score is independently associated with the development of diabetes. Compared with the low genetic risk and ideal lifestyle groups, the odds ratio was 3.31 for the low genetic risk and poor lifestyle group. When the PRS was integrated into a model including the lifestyle and family history, the AUROC significantly improved to 0.719 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.692-0.747) compared to a model including only the lifestyle and family history (0.703 [95% CI, 0.674-0.732]). Our findings indicate that adherence to a healthy lifestyle is important for preventing diabetes, regardless of genetic risk. In addition, genetic risk might provide information beyond lifestyle and family history to stratify individuals at high risk of developing diabetes.

Dietary diversity, hygiene, and lifestyle practices among adult residents during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study from Bangladesh

BackgroundCOVID-19 is an international emergency public health concern that poses significant challenges. Intake of adequate immune-boosting nutrients from natural sources, proper hygiene practices, and ideal lifestyle practices must be adhered to during this condition, along with the discovery of protective vaccines. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the dietary, hygiene, and lifestyle practices among adult residents during the COVID-19 pandemic situation in the Jashore district, Bangladesh. MethodologyThis cross-sectional study was conducted through face-to-face interviews with 500 adult respondents of both genders (age ≥ 18 years). A structured and validated questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic information, dietary diversity, hygiene, and lifestyle practices. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to evaluate and predict factors that influence the study variables. ResultsThe study found that about 44.60% had medium, 27% had low, and 28.40% had high dietary diversity. Regarding the dietary practices, age (p = 0.001), education (p = 0.005), occupation (p = 0.015), and COVID-19 experience (p = 0.001) of respondents were significantly associated with both residential. Hygiene practices such as using a face mask, hand sanitizer use, covering the face during coughing, and hand shaking were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with respondents in both residential areas. In logistic regression analysis, factors associated with poor hygiene practices were being male, illiterate, > 40 years of age, smokers, malnourished respondents in rural areas, obese, > 40 years of age, and having income < 10000 BDT in urban areas. About 40.4% of urban and 45.6% of rural respondents were found to be engaged in physical activity. ConclusionThe study found that the respondents mostly had access to medium dietary diversity, and rural residents maintained a better lifestyle while urban respondents practiced better hygiene. Based on the findings, the study suggests increasing public awareness regarding dietary diversity, hygiene, and lifestyle practices in both rural and urban areas to mitigate the consequences of COVID-19.

Influence of Diabetes Family History on the Associations of Combined Genetic and Lifestyle Risks with Diabetes in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-Based Cohort Study.

The influence of family history of diabetes, probably reflecting genetic and lifestyle factors, on the association of combined genetic and lifestyle risks with diabetes is unknown. We examined these associations. This cross-sectional study included 9,681 participants in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-based Cohort Study. A lifestyle score, which was categorized into ideal, intermediate, and poor lifestyles, was given. Family history was obtained through a self-reported questionnaire. A polygenic risk score (PRS) was constructed in the target data (n=1,936) using publicly available genome-wide association study summary statistics from BioBank Japan. For test data (n=7,745), we evaluated PRS performance and examined the associations of combined family history and genetic and lifestyle risks with diabetes. Diabetes was defined as non-fasting blood glucose ≥ 200 mmHg, HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, and/or self-reported diabetes treatment. In test data, 467 (6.0%) participants had diabetes. Compared with a low genetic risk and an ideal lifestyle without a family history, the odds ratio (OR) was 3.73 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.92-7.00) for a lower genetic risk and a poor lifestyle without a family history. Family history was significantly associated with diabetes (OR, 3.58 [95% CI, 1.73-6.98]), even in those with a low genetic risk and an ideal lifestyle. Even among participants who had an ideal lifestyle without a family history, a high genetic risk was associated with diabetes (OR, 2.49 [95% CI, 1.65-3.85]). Adding PRS to family history and conventional lifestyle risk factors improved the prediction ability for diabetes. Our findings support the notion that a healthy lifestyle is important to prevent diabetes regardless of genetic risk.

Interaction of genetic risk and lifestyle on the incidence of atrial fibrillation

BackgroundThe relationship between combined genetic predisposition and lifestyle and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to assess a possible interaction between lifestyle and genetics...

Associations of Combined Lifestyle Factors with MAFLD and the Specific Subtypes in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: The Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort Study.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the crucial pathogenesis for intra-hepatic and extra-hepatic diseases, especially in elderly adults. Lifestyle management may be a modifiable cost-effective measure for MAFLD prevention, but the evidence is limited. A total of 23,408 middle-aged and elderly individuals were included in a longitudinal study from 2008 to 2018. Combined lifestyle scores (range 0-6) were evaluated by BMI, smoking, drinking, diet, physical activity, and sleep. Logistic regression models were used to calculate ORs for the risks of MAFLD and specific subtypes. The mean age of participants was 61.7 years, and 44.5% were men. Compared with poor lifestyle (scores 0-2), ORs (95% CIs) of the ideal lifestyle (scores 5-6) were 0.62 (0.57-0.68) for MAFLD, 0.31 (0.28-0.34) for MAFLD with excess weight and obesity, 0.97 (0.75-1.26) for MAFLD with diabetes, and 0.56 (0.51-0.62) for MAFLD with metabolic dysregulation. Additionally, lifestyle improvement was associated with lower risks of MAFLD (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.68-0.86), MAFLD with excess weight and obesity (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.63-0.81), MAFLD with diabetes (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.54-1.02) and MAFLD with metabolic dysregulation (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.43-0.55), respectively. Our findings suggest that adherence to a combined healthy lifestyle was associated with lower risks of MAFLD, particularly in excess weight/obese individuals or those with metabolic dysregulation.

日本における若年男性の 「理想のライフスタイル」の摸索と実践 - 2010年代に発行されたライフスタイル誌􋺷POPEYE􋺸を分析対象として -

日本における若年男性の 「理想のライフスタイル」の摸索と実践 - 2010年代に発行されたライフスタイル誌􋺷POPEYE􋺸を分析対象として -

Polygenic risk for termination of the 'healthspan' and its interactions with lifestyle factors: A prospective cohort study based on 288,359 participants.

To investigate whether a polygenic risk score (PRS) and its interactions with lifestyle factors are associated with termination of the 'healthspan' (the number of years living without serious diseases or degeneration). Death or the incidence of any of seven independent morbidities (cancer, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, dementia, and diabetes) strongly associated with aging were considered to define the termination of the healthspan. A total of 288,359 healthy participants from the UK Biobank were included in this prospective cohort study to evaluate the associations between PRS, lifestyle, and healthspan. The PRS was generated by weighting 12 healthspan-related genetic loci, which and scores were then categorized into three groups in Cox regression models. A lifestyle index was developed that incorporated body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, diet, smoking, and physical activity, and these scores were also categorized into three groups. The risk of termination of the healthspan was calculated across the different PRS and lifestyle index groups using Cox regression models. Interactions were estimated with the marginal effect of lifestyle on the risk of termination of healthspan across values of the moderator PRS using kernel estimation. During an average follow-up of 9.83years, 68,903 healthspan-termination events occurred. It was calculated that people with high polygenic risk could reduce their risk of healthspan termination by 40% if they maintain a favorable lifestyle. The marginal effect of lifestyle on the risk of healthspan termination increased with growing genetic risk. Smoking and diet showed monotonic changes in opposite directions, while BMI, physical activity, and alcohol had a U-shaped interaction with genetic risk. Favorable lifestyle can attenuate the risk of termination of the healthspan, especially for people with high genetic risk. The improvement afforded by ideal lifestyle behaviors varies for each individual.

The Influence of Religion, Education and Socio-Cultural Values on Economic Development in Nigeria

Socio-cultural values refer to a set of values, beliefs, traditions and habits of a particular society that shape how people within that society approach risk and view careers. The values also influence their perceptions of money and ideas of an ideal lifestyle. Socio-cultural norms do not only affect how people relate and interact with their environment, they also influence how individuals within the society interact with the world and this in turn influence how they approach the process of economic developments. The thrust of this article is therefore to examine how religion, education and socio-cultural values influence economic development in Nigeria. Being an historical research, the paper employs historical method in its analysis. The findings of this paper reveal that religion and socio-cultural values such as materialism or post-materialism, collectivism or individualism, innovations, obedience, thrift and risk propensity, influence how individuals approach everyday activities, personal decisions on work, business venture, industrialization and by extension, economic development in Nigeria. The paper however concludes that the variable experiences of individuals during their development which include environmental factors, quality of education and relationship with others are dependent upon their socio-cultural backgrounds.

Association of a Healthy Lifestyle, Life's Essential 8 Scores With Incident Macrovascular and Microvascular Disease Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.

Background The association of a healthy lifestyle with the prognosis of type 2 diabetes remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the associations of a healthy lifestyle and a higher American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 score with incident macrovascular and microvascular diseases in type 2 diabetes. Methods and Results A total of 13 543 participants with baseline type 2 diabetes and free of macrovascular and microvascular diseases from the UK Biobank were included. A healthy lifestyle was determined based on body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, sleep duration, and diet. Life's Essential 8 scores were generated from 8 metrics according to the American Heart Association's cardiovascular health advisory, ranging from 0 to 100. During a median follow-up of 12.1 years, 3279 (24.2%) incident macrovascular diseases and 2557 (18.9%) microvascular diseases were documented. Compared with those with a poor lifestyle, participants with an ideal lifestyle had significantly lower risks of incident macrovascular disease (hazard ratio [HR], 0.46 [95% CI, 0.36-0.59]) and microvascular disease (HR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.47-0.77]). Significantly lower risks of macrovascular disease (HR, 0.20 [95% CI, 0.05-0.79]) and microvascular disease (HR, 0.24 [95% CI, 0.06-0.98]) were also found in the high cardiovascular health group (Life's Essential 8 scores: 80-100), compared to the low cardiovascular health group (scores: 0-49). Adhering to an ideal lifestyle may prevent 37.0% of macrovascular disease and 24.7% of microvascular disease, and attaining a high cardiovascular health may prevent 71.9% of macrovascular disease and 67.5% of microvascular disease. Conclusions A healthy lifestyle and a higher Life's Essential 8 score were associated with lower risks of macrovascular and microvascular diseases among participants with type 2 diabetes.

Time to Go: Aspirational Framing and Place-Making in Domestic Travel Journalism

ABSTRACT Recent studies in lifestyle journalism point to the importance of aspiration as a guiding point for how practicing journalists report and present their stories. Aspiration emphasizes an ideal lifestyle, one that is potentially accessible and achievable via one’s life choices—specifically, consumer choices. In this study, I use existing literature on lifestyle journalism to develop the concept of an aspirational frame, an analytic tool specific to consumer-centric texts. I then use interviews with American travel media producers to explore how the aspirational frame is constructed within travel journalism, one subgenre of lifestyle journalism. Five elements of aspiration are discussed: accessibility, advice, aesthetics, authenticity, and discovery. Results show that authenticity is particularly prized by travel journalists in their work. Findings also highlight how time—specifically journalists’ awareness that their audiences must give up time in order to travel—influences production processes. Journalists seek to give audiences something of value in return for this time. Additionally, journalists seek to upend, rather than confirm, people’s preconceptions about places through their writing and photography.

The Future Dreams of Ireland’s Youth: Possibilities for Rural Regeneration and Generational Renewal

The renewal of younger generations in farming and rural areas is a key European policy concern and rural sustainability issue. European literature discusses what drives young people from rural areas while identifying diverse and often interlinked factors as responsible. This study uses a future foresight approach to understand what would facilitate young people to remain in or return to rural areas. Targeting youth aged 18 to 30 and examining their personal dream futures in 2035, this paper presents the ideal lifestyle and livelihoods young people envision for themselves in rural Ireland. However, future approaches to alleviate rural decline, support regeneration, and the wider issue of generational renewal must consider the wider impact on rural sustainability. Generational renewal is just one challenging part of rural decline, including wider social, environmental, economic, and cultural issues. Driven by this wider concern, this paper also explores the implications of the youth’s future dreams for rural regeneration and generational renewal from a broad rural resilience perspective. The results identify a range of issues. However, rural jobs emerge as a key issue, and the paper outlines how policy attention is particularly needed here for improved resilient rural regeneration and generational renewal.

Polygenic Risk Score, Lifestyles, and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Prospective Chinese Cohort Study

The aim of this study was to generate a polygenic risk score (PRS) for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and test whether it could be used in identifying high-risk individuals for lifestyle intervention in a Chinese cohort. We genotyped 80 genetic variants among 5024 participants without non-communicable diseases at baseline in the Wuxi Non-Communicable Diseases cohort (Wuxi NCDs cohort). During the follow-up period of 14 years, 440 cases of T2D were newly diagnosed. Using Cox regression, we found that the PRS of 46 SNPs identified by the East Asians was relevant to the future T2D. Participants with a high PRS (top quintile) had a two-fold higher risk of T2D than the bottom quintile (hazard ratio: 2.06, 95% confidence interval: 1.42–2.97). Lifestyle factors were considered, including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, diet, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC). Among high-PRS individuals, the 10-year incidence of T2D slumped from 6.77% to 3.28% for participants having ideal lifestyles (4–6 healthy lifestyle factors) compared with poor lifestyles (0-2 healthy lifestyle factors). When integrating the high PRS, the 10-year T2D risk of low-clinical-risk individuals exceeded that of high-clinical-risk individuals with a low PRS (3.34% vs. 2.91%). These findings suggest that the PRS of 46 SNPs could be used in identifying high-risk individuals and improve the risk stratification defined by traditional clinical risk factors for T2D. Healthy lifestyles can reduce the risk of a high PRS, which indicates the potential utility in early screening and precise prevention.

Association of lifestyle with deep learning predicted electrocardiographic age.

People age at different rates. Biological age is a risk factor for many chronic diseases independent of chronological age. A good lifestyle is known to improve overall health, but its association with biological age is unclear. This study included participants from the UK Biobank who had undergone 12-lead resting electrocardiography (ECG). Biological age was estimated by a deep learning model (defined as ECG-age), and the difference between ECG-age and chronological age was defined as Δage. Participants were further categorized into an ideal (score 4), intermediate (scores 2 and 3) or unfavorable lifestyle (score 0 or 1). Four lifestyle factors were investigated, including diet, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and smoking. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between lifestyle factors and Δage, and the models were adjusted for sex and chronological age. This study included 44,094 individuals (mean age 64 ± 8, 51.4% females). A significant correlation was observed between predicted biological age and chronological age (correlation coefficient = 0.54, P < 0.001) and the mean Δage (absolute error of biological age and chronological age) was 9.8 ± 7.4 years. Δage was significantly associated with all of the four lifestyle factors, with the effect size ranging from 0.41 ± 0.11 for the healthy diet to 2.37 ± 0.30 for non-smoking. Compared with an ideal lifestyle, an unfavorable lifestyle was associated with an average of 2.50 ± 0.29 years of older predicted ECG-age. In this large contemporary population, a strong association was observed between all four studied healthy lifestyle factors and deaccelerated aging. Our study underscores the importance of a healthy lifestyle to reduce the burden of aging-related diseases.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Pakistani Edible Oil Companies Advertisements

Media, nowadays, is an essential factor, and it evokes the feelings of the readers and viewers. People nowadays are more concerned about the issues and events happening in the country and worldwide. Media depicts the picture of the entire world to every individual, and it also shapes their ideas. This study aimed to analyze Pakistani edible oil company advertisements from the perspective of Fairclough’s three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The study ascertained how advertisers convince customers to buy the products using certain linguistic choices in a specific context. In order to achieve this purpose, the researcher selected ads from a Pakistani edible oil company named Kashmir Premium Gold Oil. The theoretical framework opted for this study was Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (1993). This framework has been used as it shows the connection between social practices and the properties of language. Fairclough’s three-dimensional framework includes three levels of discourse: text, discursive practices, and social practices. The findings show how the ideology of the consumer can be changed by repetition of the advertisement in popular local TV channels and local magazines. The advertisements show an ideal lifestyle and manipulate the customers’ mindset that whatever they have been shown and said through advertisement is true as the advertiser makes them realize that the product was only for their health and better life. Thus, the current study revealed that the language used in the advertisements served as a tool to control the minds of the people.