Ideal Height Research Articles

Lensless efficient snapshot hyperspectral imaging using dynamic phase modulation

Snapshot hyperspectral imaging based on a diffractive optical element (DOE) is increasingly featured in recent progress in deep optics. Despite remarkable advances in spatial and spectral resolutions, the limitations of current photolithography technology have prevented the fabricated DOE from being designed at ideal heights and with high diffraction efficiency, diminishing the effectiveness of coded imaging and reconstruction accuracy in some bands. Here, we propose, to our knowledge, a new lensless efficient snapshot hyperspectral imaging (LESHI) system that utilizes a liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator (LCoS-SLM) to replace the traditionally fabricated DOE, resulting in high modulation levels and reconstruction accuracy. Beyond the single-lens imaging model, the system can leverage the switch ability of LCoS-SLM to implement distributed diffractive optics (DDO) imaging and enhance diffraction efficiency across the full visible spectrum. Using the proposed method, we develop a proof-of-concept prototype with an image resolution of 1920×1080 pixels, an effective spatial resolution of 41.74 μm, and a spectral resolution of 10 nm, while improving the average diffraction efficiency from 0.75 to 0.91 over the visible wavelength range (400–700 nm). Additionally, LESHI allows the focal length to be adjusted from 50 mm to 100 mm without the need for additional optical components, providing a cost-effective and time-saving solution for real-time on-site debugging. LESHI is the first imaging modality, to the best of our knowledge, to use dynamic diffractive optics and snapshot hyperspectral imaging, offering a completely new approach to computational spectral imaging and deep optics.

On depth of modules in an ideal

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative Noetherian ring, [Formula: see text] an ideal of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] a finitely generated R-module with dimR(M) = d. Denote by depth[Formula: see text] the depth of [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text]. In [C. Huneke and V. Trivedi, The height of ideals and regular sequences, Manuscr. Math. 93 (1997) 137–142], Huneke and Trivedi proved that if [Formula: see text] is a quotient of a regular ring then there exists a finite subset [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] Denote by [Formula: see text] the [Formula: see text]th pseudo support of [Formula: see text] defined by Brodmann and Sharp [On the dimension and multiplicity of local cohomology modules, Nagoya Math. J. 167 (2002) 217–233]. In this paper, we prove that if [Formula: see text] is closed for all [Formula: see text] then the above formula of [Formula: see text] holds true, where [Formula: see text]. In particular, if [Formula: see text] is a quotient of a Cohen–Macaulay local ring then [Formula: see text]. We also give some examples to clarify the results.

Ground-Based Gamma-Ray Spectrometer Application on Drone-Borne: Suitability and Height Attenuation

Rapid development in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in many applications, such as topographic mapping, agricultural management, marine monitoring, and others, has also brought the radiometric mapping application to this drone-borne application. Before the application, several corrections are performed to the data, including stripping corrections obtained from calibration results and height attenuation corrections. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and the height attenuation of the ground-based spectrometer attached to the drone. The method is carried out to determine the optimal altitude and conduct direct testing in the field of a small detector of 0.1 l of RS-125 gamma-ray spectrometer using drone-borne radiometric applications. In ideal conditions without obstacles in the flying path, 15 m is considered the ideal height, proportional to the detector size. Based on the results of field measurements at a drone height of 24 m, the comparison of drone and ground data is acceptable for dose rate, thorium, and potassium concentration with Pearson correlation of 0.67, 0.49, and 0.45, respectively. The drone measurement result is less acceptable for uranium data, with a Pearson correlation of 0.05 to the ground measurement. In conclusion, the RS-125 gamma-ray spectrometer is generally suitable for drone-borne radiometric applications.

Accurate height and length estimation in hospitalized children not fulfilling WHO criteria for standard measurement: a multicenter prospective study

In hospitalized children, height should be measured. When world health organization (WHO) height measurement gold standards is impossible, the ideal height estimation technique is still unclear. We conducted an international prospective study in eight different pediatric intensive care units to assess the accuracy, precision, practicability, safety, and inter-rater reliability of 12 different height estimation techniques, based on body segment measurement extrapolation, or other calculations using previous or projected heights. All extrapolation techniques were performed on each child, and later compared to their WHO gold standard heights. A total of 476 patients were enrolled. In the < 2-year subgroup, board length use and growth chart extrapolation performed best. In the ≥ 2-year subgroup, growth chart extrapolation and parents’ report were the most accurate, followed by height measurement alongside the body with a tape measure. In both groups, body segment extrapolations were poorly predictive and showed mean bias and limits of agreement that varied a lot with age. Most body segment-based techniques presented with frequent measurement difficulties, but children’s safety was rarely compromised. The inter-rater reliability of body segment measurement was low in the < 2-year subgroup.Conclusions: To accurately estimate height in hospitalized children, health care professionals should integrate the accuracy, precision, practicability, and reliability of each measurement technique to select the most appropriate one. Body segment-based techniques were the least accurate and should probably not be used. Simple techniques like growth chart extrapolation, or measurement alongside the body (and length board measurement in the youngest) should be implemented in daily practice.Trial Registration: The study protocol was registered (12th April 2019) on the clinical-trial.gov website (NCT03913247).What is Known:• Height should be measured in hospitalized children to assess nutritional status and calculate various clinical parameters. • Many hospitalized children cannot be measured using WHO conventional height measurement methods. The ideal height estimation method has not been identified yet. What is New:• Most estimation methods based on body segment measurement extrapolation fail to accurately predict height.• Board length use and growth chart extrapolation performed best in young children (≥2 years). Growth chart extrapolation and parents’ report were the most accurate, followed by height measurement alongside the body with a tape measure in older children.

A Review of Training Procedures for Simulated Engine Failure after Take-Off Exercises with Twin-Engine Aircraft under 5700 kg

Engine failure after take-off (or one engine being inoperative) is an exercise conducted as part of multi-engine flight training and on-going competency checking. To prepare pilots to manage a real in-flight emergency, this exercise has traditionally been conducted immediately after take-off. This has led to increased risks of fatal accidents due to the reduced height at which these exercises are typically conducted. Yet, there is variation in the heights stipulated in training procedures published by different stakeholders worldwide. Additionally, the conduct of the exercise has resulted in fatal accidents worldwide. This paper aims to review the previous literature on aviation training and aviation occurrence data to determine what empirical data exists to support the method of conducting simulated engine failures. Peer-reviewed academic publications on aviation training, aviation occurrence databases such as aviation investigation reports, and guidance materials published by aviation authorities on simulated training exercises will be included in this paper. It was found that the previous research on these exercises has focused on the transfer of motion cues or pilot responses to abnormal situations, but did not include specific data comparing pilot performance at different heights above ground level. A review of aviation occurrences found that actual engine failures occurred at higher heights that those used in simulated engine failures. A comparison of the guidance published by aviation authorities identified variations in the minimum altitude published and differing justifications for the minimum height chosen. Future research is needed to compare pilot performance during simulated engine failures to determine the ideal height to conduct the exercise to be representative of an actual engine failure while maintaining safety margins.

The Effectiveness of Pocket Book in Increasing Knowledge and Attitude among Mothers as an Effort to Prevent Stunting in the Working Are of Pakem Health Center, Sleman (Study of Mothers with Babies Aged 0-23 Months)

Introduction: Stunting is a growth disorder caused by poor nutrition, repeated infections, and lack of psychosocial encouragement resulting in less than ideal height. According to WHO (2022), Indonesia is the country in South-East Asia with the highest prevalence of 31.0%. The highest stunting cases in Sleman Regency in 2022 were in the Pakem Community Health Center working area at 25.5% per 1000 children under five. Mothers' knowledge and attitudes influence the prevention of stunting, but Pakem Community Health Center has never measured these two things. Health promotion media for preventing stunting by Community Health Centers is still limited in the form of leaflets which only contain material about nutrition for children aged 0 - 24 months, while the pocket book in this study contains nutrition for babies, breastfeeding mothers, and pregnant women. Objective: This research is to determine the effect of pocket book media on increasing mothers' knowledge and attitudes to prevent stunting in the Pakem Sleman Health Center working area. Method: Quasi Experiment research design employed a one group pretest-posttest design with a post-test interval of 7 days from the end of the intervention. The sample consisted of 98 mothers who had children obtained by cluster sampling. The tools used were a pocket book with the title "Healthy Indonesia Free of Stunting" and a questionnaire. Results: There was an increase in the average knowledge and attitudes of mothers after being given intervention with pocket book media, namely the average knowledge from 12.95 to 14.01; and the average attitude from 92.24 to 95.88, as well as the number of mothers who experienced an increase in knowledge, namely 51 mothers to 55 mothers and attitudes, namely 67 mothers to 71 mothers. The Wilcoxon test results obtained sig. &lt;0.001 on mother's knowledge and attitudes. Conclusion: The pocket book media is effective in increasing mothers' knowledge and attitude.

Proteomic investigation reveals molecular mechanisms of plant height regulation in foxtail millet

Plant height is an essential characteristic of agronomic traits, and an ideal plant height is essential for high crop yield. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) has been regarded as a novel diploid C4 model crop. The proteomic profiles of the internode, node, and leaf in two foxtail millet varieties with different heights, Ci846 and Yugu 18, were investigated at the jointing stage in our study. There were different degrees of the enrichment processes such as plant hormone signal transduction, the MAPK signaling pathway, and so on. In particular, the proper content of auxin could activate downstream SiARFs-SiSAURs expression, which enhances the length of internodes. Haplotype analysis of SiSAUR-like revealed two differential haplotypes of associated plant height, Hap1 and Hap2. The molecular marker SiSAUR-like-FCM1-2 can effectively separate Hap1 and Hap2 in different materials. Two additional genes, designated SiGH3 and SiTCH4, were found to be associated with plant height regulation. In conclusion, this study not only uncovers the crucial role of auxin regulators in modulating plant height during the jointing stage, but also provides molecular markers that are invaluable for molecular breeding efforts. The findings of this research help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of plant height determination and preparation for crop variety innovation and breeding.

An examination of the relationship between height, height dissatisfaction, drive for thinness and muscularity, and eating disorder symptoms in north American women

Recent research has evidenced the importance of height dissatisfaction in male body image, however the impact of height on body image in women remains relatively unexplored. Our study aimed to investigate the association between height, heightdissatisfaction, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorder symptoms in a sample of 139 women from the USA. Participants were recruited using Amazon's MTurk and reported their actual and ideal height, as well as completing measures of height dissatisfaction, and drive for thinness, drive for muscularity, and eating disorder symptoms. A paired sample t-test was utilised to examine differences in participants’ actual and ideal height. Additionally, linear hierarchical multiple regression was used to assess whether height, eating disorder symptoms, drive for thinness, and drive for muscularity uniquely predicted height dissatisfaction, and significant interactions were explored using a simple slope analysis complemented with a Johnson-Neyman analysis. Results showed that 48.92% of women reported identical actual and ideal height, 33.09% of women wanted to be taller, and 13.67% wanted to be shorter than their actual height. Additionally, shorter women tended to report greater height dissatisfaction, and higher levels of drive for thinness and drive for muscularity were associated with increased height dissatisfaction. However, eating disorder symptoms did not uniquely account for significant variance in height dissatisfaction once accounting for drive for thinness and muscularity. Our exploratory analysis also revealed that for taller than average women, height dissatisfaction was more strongly predicted by drive for muscularity, thus implicating the significance of height and muscle dissatisfaction for taller women. Overall, our study demonstrated that height and height dissatisfaction are important components to the theoretical construct of women’s body image, and therefore should be integrated into theoretical models of female body dissatisfaction and considered in assessment, formulation, and treatment of body image-related disorders. Further research with larger and more diverse samples, including clinical populations, is warranted to validate and extend our findings.

Improvement of Ga2O3 vertical Schottky barrier diode by constructing NiO/Ga2O3 heterojunction

The high critical electric field strength of Ga2O3 enables higher operating voltages and reduced switching losses in power electronic devices. Suitable Schottky metals and epitaxial films are essential for further enhancing device performance. In this work, the fabrication of vertical Ga2O3 barrier diodes with three different barrier metals was carried out on an n–-Ga2O3 homogeneous epitaxial film deposited on an n+-β-Ga2O3 substrate by metal−organic chemical vapor deposition, excluding the use of edge terminals. The ideal factor, barrier height, specific on-resistance, and breakdown voltage characteristics of all devices were investigated at room temperature. In addition, the vertical Ga2O3 barrier diodes achieve a higher breakdown voltage and exhibit a reverse leakage as low as 4.82 ×10−8 A/cm2 by constructing a NiO/Ga2O3 heterojunction. Therefore, Ga2O3 power detailed investigations into Schottky barrier metal and NiO/Ga2O3 heterojunction of Ga2O3 homogeneous epitaxial films are of great research potential in high-efficiency, high-power, and high-reliability applications.

Potential of peppers of the genus Capsicum and their use as an ornamental plant

Capsicum is a genus of the Solanaceae family, where the different types of domesticated peppers are found. They are bushy plants, originating from the Americas, producing fruits that are generally used in cooking. The Garden of the School of Agronomy, at the Federal University of Goiás, has a collection of peppers with 167 accessions, where part of these accessions (57) was evaluated to verify their suitability as an ornamental plant. This work was carried out in the experimental area of the Garden of the School of Agronomy at the Federal University of Goiás, in Goiânia – GO Brazil, in the Horticulture sector. The experiment was installed in August 2022 with sowing carried out in resistant plastic trays, with 50 cells, kept in a greenhouse and transplanting carried out in the open area. 5 (five) seedlings were used per accession, where for every 10 (ten accessions of the collection, 5 (five) seedlings of round potted commercial red pepper were transplanted, also added to the collection, with the code (UFGMH070) and the experiment outlined in enlarged blocks. The studied accessions were characterized agronomically, using fifteen descriptors recommended by IPGRI (1995). Among these descriptors, eight are quantitative in nature (plant height (PH), crown diameter (CD), fruit length (FRL), fruit width (FRW), pericarp thickness (PT), number of locules (NL), pericarp weight (PW) and seed weight (SEW) and seven have a qualitative nature (flower color (FLC), position fruit size (FRP), fruit color (FRC), fruit shape (FRS), fruit surface (FRS), seed color (SEC), seed surface (SES). For data analysis, a matrix was estimated of dissimilarity, through the joint analysis of quantitative and qualitative variables, with this matrix, a dendrogram was obtained. The grouping of accesses was obtained using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using an Arithmetic Average) method. The data were analyzed by the computational software R. To establish the ornamental value of the plants, the criteria of the Veiling cooperative in Holambra were used, where the variables plant height and position of flowers and fruits, among the descriptors evaluated, are the most important. According to the cluster analysis, there was a division into seven groups and it was possible to observe that Group III had the highest number of accesses, 63.16%, followed by Group II with 15.79%, Group IV with 12.28%. %, Group V with 3.51% and those who were isolated, in groups with only one access Group I 1.75%, Group VI 1.75% and Group VII 1.75%, of the total accesses. Within the dendrogram, the group with the largest number of accessions is Group 3, where in this group are the plants that presented ideal plant height, white flowers and fruits with an upright arrangement, ideal characteristics for their use as an ornamental plant. Agronomic characterization, based on quantitative and qualitative descriptors, enabled an interpretation of genetic dissimilarity, which allows better targeting, for the producer, research, as well as for extension.

The study of optical and electrical properties of AgInS2-based composite

sPhotovoltaic solar energy was one of the few sustainable and pollution-free energy sources. AgInS2 was a promising photovoltaic material, which had attracted considerable in long time due to its outstanding photovoltaic performance. Furthermore, the nanoparticles could improve the light absorption efficiency of absorption layer to enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell. In this paper, the suitable preparation methods of AgInS2 film and gold nanoparticles were used to improve the optical-electric performances of AgInS2-based solar cell. AgInS2 films were prepared by vacuum evaporation using different raw materials (Ag + In + S and Ag2S + In2S3) and then annealed at 400 °C or 425 °C. From absorption spectrum, the AgInS2 film, which was prepared by two components (Ag2S + In2S3) and annealed at 400 °C, had the highest absorption. And the transmission spectrum of the AgInS2 film was similar to that obtained from finite difference time domain simulation. Furthermore, this AgInS2 film was used to prepare AgInS2/CdS PN junction and AgInS2/gold/CdS PN junction. Due to the introduction of gold nanoparticles, the forward current of the AgInS2/gold/CdS PN junction increased an order of magnitude, but ideal factor and barrier height decreased, which meant that gold nanoparticles can promote carrier transport and improve electric property. As a result, this AgInS2/gold/CdS PN junction owned high absorption efficiency, low reverse saturation current and large barrier height, which meant huge application potential in solar cells field.

Pemantauan dan Deteksi Dini Risiko Anemia pada Ibu Hamil dan Stunting Balita melalui Pemeriksaan Antropometri di Puskesmas Kuranji Kota Padang

Stunting and anaemia in pregnant women are global conditions that are interrelated with the risk of declining health status in children and pregnant women. Anaemia in pregnant women poses a risk of stunting in children, impacting growth and development, brain function, immune system, and learning abilities. For this reason, the purpose of community service is to detect the early risk of stunting in children and anaemia in pregnant women. The method used is an anthropometric examination of toddlers and pregnant women using weight, height, upper arm circumference, and haemoglobin examination to detect the risk of stunting and anaemia. Inspection and measurement data were processed using KMS online and SPSS and presented descriptively in frequency distribution tables and central tendency values. This activity was carried out at the Durian Tiga Batang Posyandu, Kuranji Health Center, Padang City, on 10 August 2023. Data was collected on 50 infants/toddlers and nine pregnant women who visited the Posyandu. The examination revealed that 48% of infants and toddlers were at risk of stunting (short and very short stature), and 11.1% of pregnant women had anaemia. Thus, early detection of stunting through the online KMS application facilitates data interpretation so that it can provide information quickly and recommend further treatment to mothers to achieve ideal child height growth. In addition, early detection of anaemia can prevent stunting in children.

Proposed method for design optimization of LNG tanks based on the arrangement of thermal insulation panels

During the building of an LNG tank, a thermal insulation panel, hereafter referred to as a “panel,” is installed on the inner wall to insulate the tank from external conditions. The inner wall of the LNG tank can experience deformations, leading to the panel becoming inclined and twisted, making it susceptible to damage and reducing its insulation effectiveness. To address this challenge, a common practice involves placing wedges at each corner of the panel between the inner tank wall and the panel, and then filling the resulting gaps with a mastic rope. However, this extensive use of mastic ropes to mitigate panel inclination and twisting is a costly solution.The primary objective of this study is to optimize the overall use of mastic ropes for enhanced tank insulation. This optimization is achieved by determining the ideal panel installation height, which is dependent on factors such as the wedge height, as well as panel inclination and twisting. These parameters serve as the objective functions and constraints for optimization.To validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method, tests were conducted by applying the proposed method to cover the inner wall of an LNG tank with insulation panels. The study considered four cases, each focusing on different objective functions related to the economic feasibility and safety of LNG tanks, and compared the results. In the most cost-effective solution, the total use of mastic ropes was reduced by approximately 42% compared to the conventional manual design. Furthermore, safety-related solutions demonstrated improved safety levels compared to the manual design, with only a marginal 0.1% change in the total use of mastic ropes. Lastly, in cases where both economic feasibility and safety were considered, improvements were observed in both aspects compared to the manual design.

Preliminary assessment of the NACA0021 trailing edge wedge for wind turbine application

The airfoil blade is the primary component of a wind turbine, and its aerodynamic properties play a crucial role in determining the energy conversion efficiency of these blades. Many researchers have proposed different airfoil modifications intending to enhance the aerodynamic characteristics and limit the unsteady interaction with the atmospheric boundary layer. This study evaluates the benefits of mounting wedge tails (WTs) on the trailing edge of an airfoil. The aerodynamic characteristics of a 2-D, steady-state NACA 0021 airfoil featuring the wedge tails (WT) and fish wedge tails (FWT) were studied computationally by employing the shear stress transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model. Different WT and FWT configurations were studied at various wedge length (L) to wedge height (H) ratios, L/H, at the airfoil's trailing edge. The effects of different L/H ratios, including L/H > 1, L/H = 1, and L/H < 1, were considered in the present study to determine the optimal configuration to achieve the maximum glide ratio, CL/CD at the Reynolds number of 180,000. The findings indicate that the performance of the NACA 0021 airfoil was notably affected by the height of the tail; however, the length had only a minor impact when L/H was less than 1. The mounted FWT resulted in significant enhancements to both the lift and glide ratio of the airfoil. Specifically, the lift ratio experienced an increase of over 41 % compared to the clean airfoil, while the glide ratio increased by more than 31 %. These improvements were observed at an ideal height and length of 2.5 % and 1 % of the airfoil, respectively. Moreover, the mounted FWT performed better than the Gurney flap using the same configurations.

AUTOMATIC FISHPOND IRRIGATION DOOR CONTROL SYSTEM BASED ON ATMEGA16 MICROCONTROLLER AND SMS GATEWAY

The process of controlling irrigation doors in fishponds is still mostly done manually, this results in the performance of farmers being less effective and efficient. Current technological developments, especially in the field of IoT, can be used to design a simulation that is able to control irrigation gates automatically. Based on the results of the tests that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the ATmega16-based automatic irrigation gate simulation tool can work well according to the designed working principle. If the condition of fishpond water is less than the ideal height of the fishpond and the condition of river water is more than the height of the fishpond, the motor will move to "open" the irrigation door to fill fishpond water. If the fishpond water condition is more than the ideal height and the river water condition is less than the fishpond height, the motor will move to "open" the irrigation door to discharge fishpond water and if the river water condition is the same as the fishpond water condition, the motor will move "close” the irrigation door so that the ideal height of the fishpond can be achieved. There are certain conditions to control the door manually using the SMS Gateway. Information about the maximum or minimum fishpond water level will be displayed on the LCD to determine the maximum or minimum fishpond height using Keypad.

Penyuluhan terkait infeksi cacing di Sekolah Anak Tangguh Lombok Barat

Worm infection is a problem that can be prevented and treated through simple measures such as good sanitation practices, proper hygiene, and effective deworming treatment. This intervention is aimed at students attending Anak Tangguh School, which comprises children aged 7 to 11 years. Participants in the socialization program completed a questionnaire to assess their knowledge and habits regarding worm infections. Additionally, their height and weight were measured using a scale and stature meter. The analysis of 26 children's weight and height revealed that 22 were overweight and 10 did not meet the ideal height according to WHO standards. Following the socialization program, participants acknowledged their understanding of worm infection and its consequences, expressing their commitment to adopting a clean and healthy lifestyle.

Research on the Effect of Sand Barriers on Highways in Desert Areas on Sand Control

Sand barriers are one of the essential measures used to prevent wind and sand disasters on expressways in desert areas. The article uses Fluent numerical simulation to consider different heights, as well as different spacing from two perspectives, and determine the ideal vertical height of sand barriers (porosity is fixed at 20%). Adding to existing wind and sand flow field research, our analysis of the wind speed and sand characteristics reveals the changing rules that affect a single group of high vertical sand barriers along the highway when considering different parameters and measuring the wind and sand performance. At the same time, we also use field research to verify the accuracy of numerical simulation. The study shows the following. (1) When the airflow passes through the single group of vertical sand barriers, it will form a deceleration zone, acceleration zone, turbulence zone and stabilization zone in different areas, and the overall distribution of the wind and sand flow field is in the shape of a “W”. (2) When the spacing is 4 H, the maximal wind speed in the transition area of the sand barriers is two to three times bigger than that when the spacing is 2 H, which is not conducive to the accumulation of sand particles. When the spacing is 1 H, the maximum wind speed of the two rows of sand barriers is two to three times bigger than that when the spacing is 2, and the two rows of sand barriers overlap in wind protection performance, reducing the overall protective capacity of the sand barriers. (3) As the height of the sand barriers continues to grow, the protective performance of the sand barriers is also enhanced. In the same position around the sand barriers, the wind speed under the 2.5 m sand barriers is lower than that under the 1.0 m sand barriers by 2–3 m/s. It is suggested that the height of the sand barriers should be controlled at 1.5–2.0 m in the actual deployment, and 2 H spacing should be used.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTHROPOMETRY AND CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS AMONG UiTM FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is one of the important components among football players. Physiological characteristics of individuals such as anthropometry may influence the level of CRF. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between anthropometry and CRF among UiTM Football Players. A causal- comparative research design, consisting of 24 male participants representing Universiti Teknologi MARA Football Club (UiTM FC) were recruited. Anthropometry was measured via body weight and body height and CRF was measured using a bleep test and the result of the test was calculated to estimate maximum volume of oxygen (VO2 max). Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between anthropometry and CRF. Mean score for anthropometry was 65.17 ± 5.90 for body weight (kg) and 171.18 ± 4.66 for body height (cm). Mean score for CRF was 47.20 ± 4.34 (ml/kg/min). Results show a very weak relationship between body weight and CRF (r = 0.027). Meanwhile, there was a positive and weak relationship between body height and CRF (r = 0.265). In conclusion, evidence from this study showed no association between anthropometry and cardiorespiratory fitness. However, possibly a good anthropometry characteristic possibly gives the advantage of having good cardiorespiratory fitness. Ideal body weight and height is a potential physiological characteristic in determinants of cardiorespiratory fitness. Anthropometric does have a role as part of holistic monitoring of talented players in future development. Viewing the limitations of this study, further studies involving larger sample size are needed to find actual association with this hypothesis.

Patient Positioning Assistive Technology Applicable to the Existing Computed Tomography System: Estimation by Pixel Value of Scout Image.

This study aimed to propose a patient positioning assistive technique using computed tomography (CT) scout images. A total of 210 patients who underwent CT scans in a single center, including on the upper abdomen, were divided into a study set of 127 patients for regression and 83 patients for verification. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the R2 coefficient and the linear equation related to the mean pixel value of the scout image and ideal table height (TH ideal ). The average pixel values of the scout image were substituted into the regression equation to estimate the TH ideal . To verify the accuracy of this method, the distance between the estimated table height (TH est ) and TH ideal was measured. The medians of age (in years), gender (male/female), height (in centimeters), and body weight (in kilograms) for the regression and verification groups were 68 versus 70, 85/42 versus 55/28, 163.8 versus 163.0, and 59.9 versus 61.9, respectively. Linear regression analysis indicated a high coefficient of determination ( R2 = 0.91) between the mean pixel value of the scout image and TH ideal . The correlation coefficient between TH ideal and TH est was 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.92-0.97; P < 0.0001), systematic bias was 0.2 mm, and the limits of agreement were -5.4 to 5.9 ( P = 0.78). The offset of the table height with TH est was 2.8 ± 2.1 mm. The proposed estimation method using scout images could improve the automatic optimization of table height in CT, and it can be used as a general-purpose automatic positioning technique.

BEAM TRANSVERSAL AREA DIMENSIONS OPTIMIZATION USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

The present work shows the analysis of a numerical experimental test that was performed using randomized and combined data to study the bending behavior of beams, through the deflection equation considering plane stresses in two different examples. The first is a cantilever beam with force concentrated at the free end and the second is a pinned-pinned beam with loading uniformly distributed along the span. The variables width, height, length, longitudinal modulus of elasticity, deflection, and loading were used as estimated parameters to calculate the ideal width and height dimensions for each beam and obtain a structural optimization considering the limits of deformation according to ABNT NBR 6118/2014. The data generation was generated in Excel spreadsheet format and worked in an Artificial Neural Networks in TensorFlow Python language, with six hidden layers. In addition, the functions 'mae', 'sgd' and 'loss' were used as optimizers or activation function in TensorFlow.