Ideal Game Research Articles

A Study of the Plight of Media Industry Interns: Manufactured Consent in the Labor Process

The media industry is currently undergoing industrial upgrading and transformation, with some traditional positions at risk of being replaced by automation and digitization. Therefore, younger employees who are more aware of the new situation are required. Besides, media companies are facing the challenge of declining revenues since the COVID-19 outbreak has put pressure on the media market. Overall, employment opportunities have been affected in the short term but changes and developments in the industry will bring new employment needs and opportunities. In this case, interns become an important part of the media industry workforce. This paper analyzes the social factors behind the "ideal game" and youth anxiety in the media industry from the perspective of "labor consent". Findings show that interns in the media industry in the digital age are expected to be "progressive", but the reality reflects a conflict between high expectations and de-skilled work, as well as a contradiction between the desire for self-control over a lifetime and the possession of the body. The overemphasis on the quantity of work experience possessed by workers leads to a neglect of quality, and quantitative rationality becomes a paradox of work experience. Under unbalanced conditions of supply and demand, false "labor consent" created by the "ideal game" is manufactured among young people. They repeatedly engage in de-skilled work in an attempt to accumulate internships in order to secure a future of discretionary time.

Game without game: to Gilles Deleuze’s game concept

The article provides a critical analysis of the "ideal game" concept by Gilles Deleuze. The problematic type of Deleuze's judgments about the game leads to the fact that the game is understood by him as a logical subject devoid of the predicate. The consequence of this is the concept of the game, which is devoid of the real game signs. Ultimately, the game is understood by Deleuze as the non-game. The article shows that the logical basis of this approach is "infinite judgment". In this regard, the authors undertake a logical and ontological analysis of negative and infinite judgments. At the same time, the authors not only reveal the internal problematic nature of such judgments, but also point out the social effects and consequences of their application in practice.

Using game‐based learning and online flipped classrooms with degree apprenticeship students

AbstractBackgroundDegree apprenticeships (DA) help employees gain new knowledge and skills by allowing them to study towards a university degree while working full time. For these programmes to be effective, the learning design should be adapted to the needs of these students, who are goal oriented (i.e. they want to gain only knowledge that can be applied within their workplace), have limited time for studying, and usually have not attended formal education for some time. As these programmes are relatively new, there is limited research on how these students can be supported to achieve the programmes' learning goals by using information and communication technologies.ObjectivesThis paper aims to understand whether a learning design that combines game‐based learning with online flipped classrooms can engage DA students in their learning and help them develop their reflective skills.MethodsTwo focus groups were conducted with DA students that study at a UK Business School towards gaining the Chartered Manager status. The focus groups recordings have been analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.Results and ConclusionsThe three main themes, “change can be helpful and challenging at the same time”, “the ideal game”, and “the effect of others”, show that DA students find game‐based learning and online flipped classrooms useful, with the right support. Simulation games can be more fulfilling to DA students than quiz games, even if they take more of their out‐of‐class time. In addition, instructors are advised to work more closely with diverse teams to enable students share their work experiences and learn from each other.

Analysis of The Influence of Image, Quality Perception, and Risk Perception on Decision To Play Traditional Games Through Value Perception As Intervening

Modern games dominate the games of children, teenagers, adults and even parents in today's urban areas. Smartphones resulting from technological developments can be installed into various digital games, played anytime and anywhere during the spare time using hand fingers in operation. While traditional games are less technological developments and are gradually being abandoned, they have many benefits of social competence, such as problem-solving, self-control, cooperation and empathy and are derived from noble cultural values. This study examines the variables of image, quality perception and risk perception of the game on decisions to play traditional games through value perception as an intervening. The sample is 100 respondents from parents of boys and girls who are currently exposed to digital games and are looking for ideal games that are useful for their children and located in urban areas. The accidental sampling method is a technique used in data collection. The data is sourced from questionnaires, and the analysis used in testing the relationship is the SEM using the SmartPLS and SPSS applications. The conclusions from the analysis are: (1) Brand Image did not have a significant and positive effect on VP; (2) QP has a significant and positive effect on VP; (3) RP did not have a significant and positive effect on VP; (4) VP has a significant and positive effect on DTP Traditional Games; (5) VP did not mediate the Images on DTP Traditional Games; (6) VP mediate the QP on DTP Traditional Games; (7) VP did not mediate the RP on DTP Traditional Games.

Review of Technique and Algorithm for Educational Data Mining: Trend and Challenge in Games Design

This study reviews techniques and algorithm models often used in the analysis of educational data mining. The review in this study is based on previous studies to provide researchers knowledge about trends and challenges analysis Educational data mining in game design meaningful. However, there is a lot of games design developed without analysis Educational data mining which then will not answer the student problem. The analysis needed periodic data and developing the game required actual student conditions, this is a combination inseparable. Determine Research questions, Search Terms, and filtering for the selection and analysis of the article review. There are some student problems on analysis review, namely prediction student performance, student behavior, student at-riks, and student dropout. The number of Articles in the study was 33 with 21 Articles of research and 12 of Article review. The number of studies 8 with percent 38% used techniques Confusion matric with 33% percent used algorithms Decision Tree in 7 of studies. The section in this study consists of techniques evaluation, model selection, outcome, subject, and algorithm method. Which are recommended techniques and algorithms for analysis Educational data mining and in ideal game design to further research.

Deleuze's Elaboration of Eternity: Ontogenesis and Multiplicity

I demonstrate that Deleuze's identification of Aion as an empty form (of time) offers a fascinating model of temporality that prioritises variation. First, I suggest that Deleuze's identification of time as an empty form is supported by ancient Greek and Gnostic concepts of the relation of Aion and Chronos. From Plato, through Aristotle, to Plotinus the concept of time undergoes substantive revision, in the sense that temporal measurement becomes removed from the measurement of existent entities (cosmic or sublunar bodies). This gradual untethering of time from movement gives rise to the development of the concept of eternity as an ontologically comprehensive mode of time that is devoid of content (i.e. a movement not indexed to the movement of cosmic or sublunar entities). It is here, with Deleuze's reading of the Platonic cosmology, that we see the first hints of the suggestion that Aion is involved with ontogenesis. Eternity is characterised as: (1) a temporal ‘all’ (i.e. generality) that is non-reducible to the determinacy implied by any particular temporally localised existent or temporal series (i.e. a succession relation of temporally discrete moments); (2) that which tends towards a diversity of possible states of affairs. Perhaps one of the most interesting aspects in the long history of Aion is that – in the ancient world – it was used in magical incantations. For the Gnostics and Oracles, Aion was a deity, and a potent one at that. From the Gnostic papyri, we get a vision of Aion as a force which enjoys eternal realisation. I suggest that the papyri conjure an image of Aion as a deity that is liberated from time, in the sense that it enjoys a neutrality with respect to the movements of any particular entity or group of entities – a form, in the most general sense of the term. Then, to clarify this mercurial aspect of an empty form of time, I elaborate on a complex analogy between Aion and Deleuze's concept of an ‘ideal game’ – an analogy that Deleuze specifies through reference to Fitzgerald and Borges. The claim is that Aion is an analogue of an ideal game in the (limited) sense that both share essential properties. Both Aion and the ideal game involve the multiplication of chance. Finally, I suggest that the differential aspects of Aion imply that it is pure variability; something which can be illustrated through a differential equation. These yield the suggestion that Aion enjoys realisation as an ontogenetic force. I further claim that ontogenetic forces may enjoy expression as the content of literature and (Riemannian-inspired) mathematics. In concrete terms, temporality is involved in the creation of existent entities, which may be illustrated as various types of continuous multiplicity.

Gry cyfrowe wkraczają do kanonu lektur szkolnych (Recenzja: „This War of Mine”, prod. 11 bit studios, 2014)

This War of Mine, a critically acclaimed game by 11 bit studios, is the first game to be on the list of supplementary school readings in Poland. The game released in 2014 is an anti-war narrative built around the story of a group of civilians trying to survive the war in Pogoren, city based on wartorn Sarajevo. The game is unique in its mechanics as well as in its serious treatment of death and suffering, but can also be played for pleasure and in that matter is not moralistic, but entertaining. It is an ideal game to offer young people, both as a means of developing their sensitivity and as an encouragement to seek pleasure in experiencing narratives. However, it also fits with other school readings on the cruelty of war, and thus there is a risk it will be used as other texts have been — as a story to make teenagers think about war as a formative experience which makes one a true Pole.

EDM Process Parameters Impact on MRR and TWR for Titanium Alloy [Ti6al4v] and their Optimization Using Taguchi and Topsis Method-An experiential Analysis

To pick ideal or close to ideal cutting conditions in different sorts of metal cutting strategy overhaul issues, it joins the utilization of at any rate one of the current appearing and streamlining methods, making the structure a bound together and persuading mean. The Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is perhaps the most striking and most saw non-customary machining measure used. In this current work a figure is made for ideal game plan of limits from a gathering for most outrageous material removal rate (MRR) and least wear rate (TWR). A lot of investigations reliant on L9 display obtained by Taguchi strategy are performed for four data boundary (peak current, pulse on time, pulse off time and gap voltage), all of them having 3 levels of characteristics. The results of each set of investigation is recorded for evaluating MRR and TWR. The results got for MRR and TWR are analysed using TOPSIS methodology for confirmation of ideal course of action of cycle boundaries of EDM which gives most outrageous MRR and least TWR. Results obtained here show that the model embraced here has a sufficient display for progression.

The Older Gamer in Games Studies: Marginalised or Idealised?

Abstract This study concerns older gamers, who are often neglected in the gaming world. After reviewing the literature about older gamers, we have found most studies focus on the therapeutic function of videogames for solving problems related to age. Using an intersectional vision of critical gerontology studies and critical disability studies, we find that implicit compulsory youthfulness and compulsory ablebodiedness or ablemindedness colours studies about both older gamers and disabled gamers. These compulsory systems not only put older gamers and disabled gamers into a passive treatment-receiving position but also exclude them from a non-utilitarian style of game playing. Moreover, we recognise there are images of so-called ideal game players in current studies about older gamers and disabled gamers. These images further marginalise older gamers and disabled gamers. It is suggested that scholars undertaking future studies avoid ageism and ableism when studying older gamers or disabled gamers. Instead, researchers need to explore the original motivation of ageing people or people with disability to play video games, the sociocultural environment in which they are exposed to games and the specific social conditions under which games affect them.

Playing in the Wunderkammer

In 2009 Manchester-based collaborative artists Carson & Miller were invited by Manchester Metropolitan University Special Collections and the North West Film Archive (UK) to curate an exhibition which explored the museum and archives varied collections, ranging from pots, toys and Victorian ephemera to scrapbooks and albums. The exhibition was called 'The Story of Things'. Drawing on the tradition of the Wunderkammer and surrealist explorations of it, the curatorial selection and arrangements of 'The Story of Things' (or rather dis-arrangements) were based on contingency - a word which designates ‘chance’, ‘accident’, ‘a fortuitous happening’, but which also stems from the Latin word tangere ‘to touch’, implying ‘con-tact’, connection, affinity. This curatorial process took as its premise the Wunderkammer, displaying the “deliberately random and undisciplined journey” (Carson & Miller, 2009) taken by Carson & Miller. Roaming through the collections and archives available to them, the artists began to cross-reference the materials they found there, sometimes, as they explain, “relating things by type, sometimes throwing the unlikely together, sometimes remembering something they already knew, sometimes uncovering things unknown to them” (Carson & Miller, 2009). This paper will argue, by exploring Carson & Miller’s exhibition through both theoretical and practice-based perspectives, that the Wunderkammer opens up alternative, playful curatorial strategies (of placing and misplacing, joining and dis-joining, relating and separating objects from each other), “systematic bewilderments”(Ernst, 1948) in Max Ernst’s terms, which draw heavily on notions of childhood play and playfulness. The notion of play is present in a number of ways in the concept of the Wunderkammer, ranging from the Wunderkammer’s early association with an exclusive leisure activity to its later association with an activity which “anyone could master” (Gordon, 2006); from the significance of toys in collections to the similarity of children’s collecting patterns, to the surrealist understandings of the cabinet of curiosities. These playful strategies construct narratives through producing ‘fortuitous encounters’ and tease out the element of ‘wonder’ in objects and play with curatorial conventions and viewer’s expectations. The paper will argue that the Wunderkammer opens up spaces of what Gilles Deleuze termed ‘ideal game’, where one begins when one wishes and stops at will. This approach disrupts linear narratives and fixities of definitions, immanent in Western ideology and conventional curatorial strategies seeking genealogy, unfolding the meaning of the displayed objects and their relations as unfixed, rhizomic, shifting, spreading, wandering. Here ‘things’ and their meanings slip, and reveal what Bill Brown terms “misuse value” of objects, leading us back to the “tactile tryst” (Brown, 1998) of a child, a primal state of exploring and seeing the world. It will be argued that this playful approach, inherent in the structure of the Wunderkammer, challenges conventional optic vision associated with the exhibition environment, introducing haptic vision which does not move in one direction but is exploratory or ‘all-over-the-place’, focusing on the material details rather than the narrative line. The sense-making invited here has shifted from the conventional exhibition environment which focuses on genealogical, chronological, biographical or thematic matter, to making-sense, to an exploration which leaves linear narratives behind (an exploration which becomes sensory) and in which the playful juxtaposition of things reveals new links and relations, forming new poetic constellations, like Alice’s “world of twisted logic and nonsensical rhymes” (Carroll, 1865).

Introduction

Introduction

The Caprice of Being: Αἰών and Φύσις in Merleau-Ponty, Heraclitus, and Deleuze

ABSTRACT This article examines Merleau-Ponty's proposal to articulate a new ontology by returning to the pre-Socratic idea of φύσις and following a reference he makes to Heraclitus's fragment B52. Interestingly, this fragment refers to αἰών, “eternity,” as a child at play. Against the Laplacean idea that nature is the necessary and calculable unfolding of causes and effects, and anticipating what Deleuze will outline in The Logic of Sense, Merleau-Ponty suggests that φύσις—understood in terms of the temporal dis-order of αἰών rather than the Aristotelian order of χρόνος—is an ideal game without rules, what Nietzsche describes as an “innocent caprice.”

Conversation Game Effectively Engages Groups of Individuals in Discussions about Death and Dying.

Discussions about end-of-life (EOL) values, wishes, and beliefs are critical for effective advance care planning (ACP). New strategies are needed to engage individuals in EOL conversations. The study objective was to test the feasibility of using a conversation game to engage individuals in EOL discussions. This study used a mixed-methods approach. Participants played a conversation game that prompts players to answer and discuss 20 questions about death, dying, and EOL care. Participants completed pre- and postgame questionnaires and participated in postgame focus groups. Subjects were 70 healthy volunteers (18 groups of families, friends, or strangers). Demographics, emotional state, and perceived relational closeness were measured using preintervention questionnaires. Postintervention questionnaires measured conversation satisfaction, realism, self-rated quality, and emotional state. Postgame focus groups evaluated players' experiences playing the game. Using a seven-point Likert scale (1 = low score, 7 = high score), players rated game conversations as satisfying (mean [M] = 6.1, SD = 0.9), realistic (M = 5.6, SD = 0.8), and of high quality (M = 5.7, SD = 0.9). There were no negative effects on emotional state immediately postgame (M = 1.3, SD = 0.5). A thematic analysis of participants' experiences (n = 55) revealed that (1) playing the game was an enjoyable, positive experience; (2) a game is a good framing for EOL discussions; and (3) there were mixed opinions about ideal game group composition. This study established that healthy volunteers enjoyed engaging in a two-hour discussion about EOL issues when framed as a game. The game experience was a positive, satisfying, and enjoyable activity for participants. Further studies are needed to determine if health games can promote effective ACP.

Max Weber, Johannes von Kries and the Kinetic Theory of Gases

By his own admission Max Weber 'plundered' the doctrine of 'objective possibility' from Johannes von Kries, who originally conceived it. The application of this doctrine is sufficiently well-known from the example given by Weber of a mother boxing her child's ears (Collected Methodological Writings, 2012, pp. 177f.; Wissenschaftslehre, pp. 279f.). Less well-known is the close connection of this doctrine with the so-called theory of range (Spielraum), which requires three conditions to be present: indifference, comparability, originality (= range principle). Again, it is well-known that ideal games of chance offer optimal preconditions for the theory of range. But what is less well-known is that this is also true for the kinetic gas theory developed by Ludwig Boltzmann: in both cases the same three required conditions are specified. Just as the mother in Weber's example would have been astounded to learn that she had been making 'judgements of objective possibility' in everyday life, so Weber would have been astonished to find that he, in his selective 'plundering' of the study of the 'Concept of objective possibility' (1888) for his own purposes, had borrowed unknowingly from a theory in physics, the kinetic gas theory – something which to date has remained concealed from most Weber interpreters.

Ideal games and Ramsey sets

It is shown that Matet’s characterization of the Ramsey property relative to a selective co-ideal H \mathcal {H} , in terms of games of Kastanas, still holds if we consider semiselectivity instead of selectivity. Moreover, we prove that a co-ideal H \mathcal {H} is semiselective if and only if Matet’s game-theoretic characterization of the H \mathcal {H} -Ramsey property holds. This lifts Kastanas’s characterization of the classical Ramsey property to its optimal setting, from the point of view of the local Ramsey theory, and gives a game-theoretic counterpart to a theorem of Farah, asserting that a co-ideal H \mathcal {H} is semiselective if and only if the family of H \mathcal {H} -Ramsey subsets of N [ ∞ ] \mathbb {N}^{[\infty ]} coincides with the family of those sets having the abstract H \mathcal {H} -Baire property. Finally, we show that under suitable assumptions, for every semiselective co-ideal H \mathcal H all sets of real numbers are H \mathcal H -Ramsey.

A idéia de jogo em obras de John Cage e no ambiente da livre improvisação

Este texto examina as principais diferenças de enfoque relacionadas ao papel dos intérpretes na realização de duas diferentes propostas de jogo. Para tanto, são comparadas algumas obras de John Cage e as práticas de grupos que se dedicam à livre improvisação musical, principalmente do grupo Akronon. Procura-se demonstrar que as propostas de Cage, que estão situadas num plano conceitual, e as propostas da livre improvisação, que partem de uma prática experimental interativa baseada numa manipulação empírica dos sons, resultam em concepções bastante distintas a respeito do papel do intérprete. A partir desta perspectiva, afirma-se o caráter potente da livre improvisação que pode ser pensada enquanto prática de um jogo ideal conforme conceituação proposta pelo filósofo francês Gilles Deleuze.

Good Grasshopping and the Avoidance of Game-Spoiling

Highlighting the distinction between theory and ideology, Morgan (28) portrays the importance of an ultimate model of games to serve as a critical “standard of legitimation” (p. 60). His point is that an ideal is necessary to avoid confusing social description with normative justification. Without an ideal to which actual games can be compared, social values equate with ethical standards and “all critical and normative judgments . . . represent a defense of the status quo” (28: p. 60). Taking my lead from Morgan, and the various theorists (1,9,12,18,20,33,35) who suggest that ethical theory within games ought to be firmly grounded in metaphysics, I suggest that principles for game conduct1 should flow directly from the “internal logic of the game” (28: p. 60). So, questions relevant to the legitimacy of an action occurring in a real game ought to be settled via considerations of conformance with the ideal game. But what counts as the ideal game? The answer to this question was established 30 years ago by Bernard Suits in The Grasshopper: Games, Life and Utopia (36). Surprising, however, is the fact that there has been little effort to ground principles of game conduct specifically within this widely recognized theory. It is here that I take my point of departure with the suggestion that because it is the most commonly accepted definition of games contained within the literature, the Grasshopper’s ideal of a game-playing Utopia represents the most logical vantage point from which to derive a practical ethic of game participation. Clearly intriguing, the extent of this endeavor is much too ambitious for this particular paper. Instead, I narrow my scope of inquiry to the concept of “good sportspersonship”2, 3 and address the issue of whether or not actions traditionally praised as sportspersonlike are worthy of high regard. I begin with a brief discussion of the traditional meanings of good sportspersonship. From this analysis, I propose four actions categories that, together, are intended to sum up all connotations directed by the literature. The main contribution of this paper involves an evaluation of the identified action categories from a Grasshopperian4 point of view. This assessment demonstrates that most acts traditionally praised as good sportspersonship are more appropriately categorized as “game-spoiling.” Moreover, as actions inconsistent with the internal (Grasshopperian) logic of the game, the majority of these actions are worthy of disapproval rather than honor.5

Secure Cooperation in Autonomous Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks Under Noise and Imperfect Monitoring: A Game-Theoretic Approach

In autonomous mobile ad-hoc networks, one major challenge is to stimulate cooperation among selfish nodes, especially when some nodes may be malicious. In this paper, we address cooperation stimulation in realistic yet challenging contexts where the environment is noisy and the underlying monitoring is imperfect. We have first explored the underlying reasons why stimulating cooperation under such scenarios is difficult. Instead of trying to enforce all nodes to act fully cooperatively, our goal is to stimulate cooperation in a hostile environment as much as possible through playing conditional altruism. To formally address the problem, we have modeled the interactions among nodes as secure routing and packet forwarding games under noise and imperfect observation, and devised a set of reputation-based attack-resistant cooperation strategies without requiring any tamper-proof hardware or central banking service. The performance of the devised strategies has also been evaluated analytically. The limitations of the game-theoretic approaches and the practicability of the devised strategies have also been investigated through theoretical analysis and extensive simulation studies. The results have demonstrated that although sometimes a gap may exist between the ideal game model and the reality, game-theoretic analysis can still provide thoughtful insights and useful guidelines when designing cooperation strategies.

The ideal game of people in the society

The conditions are revealed for ideality of people game in the society and for attainability of the maximum for a general prize in maximizing individual prizes.

A cooperative game approach to optimal saving theory: Toward a constitution for savings

1. Two years ago, after a "post Nobel" conference at the University of Turin, James Buchanan told me that he was working, on pure allocational grounds, on the economic foundations of two ethical principles, defined as "Victorian principles" or "virtues" and comprised the ethics of work and the ethics of savings.1 He reasoned that the allocational foundation of the ethics of work should mainly be found in the external economies of increasing returns related to the increase in labour supply. As for the allocational foundations of the ethics of savings, the arguments where those previously used in the extensive discussion of the failures of the Keynesian "democracy in deficit" and of the "reasons" of (constitutional) fiscal rules (see Brennan and Buchanan, 1985; Buchanan and Wagner, 1977). The foundations of these "virtues", therefore, are intended to be strictly Paretian or rather, (taking Buchanan's contractarian constitutional point of view) "Wicksellian". Encouraged by Buchanan's lead, I aim in this paper to find rules relating to "optimal saving" in terms of an "ideal game" equilibrium which results both in Pareto efficiency and fairness to the parties involved who are the individuals living in the various periods of time in a given country (or society). "Fair" here means a distribution according to rules of "justice as impartiality" or "mutual advantage" i.e. when the players do not exert any threat or pressure arising from their different bargaining power.2 My approach although analogous to that of Buchanan does differ because rests on rules of justice consistent with Pareto improvements which due to these characters might have a salience as "stable conventions".3