Ideal Age For Marriage Research Articles

Judges’ perspectives on changes in the legal minimum age at marriage in Indonesia

ABSTRACT The new Marriage Act in Indonesia amended the minimum age for marriage for both women and men to 19 years old. Previous studies were dominated by factors that cause or result from Underage Marriage (UM). It is also important to know the perspective of the judges, who have an important role in the UM dispensation process. This study aims to explore the judges’ perspective when considering age changes in the Marriage Act and the ideal age for marriage. This study uses descriptive qualitative and deductive thematic analysis techniques. Data were collected through a purposive sampling technique and semi-structured interviews with 27 Islamic Court judges. There are five perspectives in responding to age limit changes; agreeing with 19 years old, returning to the old act, increasing the age limit to over 19 years old, giving different age limits for men and women, and considering that age does not affect readiness to marry. These perspectives also determine the ideal age for marriage based on several factors. The judges identified key factors indicating a person’s readiness to marry, including psychological maturity, physical and reproductive health, economic stability, educational attainment, and adherence to cultural and religious norms. Additionally, the persistence of underage marriage in Indonesia is attributed to poverty, lack of education, cultural practices like dowry, and societal pressure, particularly in rural areas.

The Impact of K-POP and Hip-Hop Culture on the Mate Selection Criteria and Ideal Marriage Age of Chinese Women

This study evaluates the influence of K-POP and hip-hop culture on the ideal marriage age and mate selection criteria of Chinese female fans by collecting and analyzing data from 29 Chinese women who are fans of these cultures. Utilizing the perspectives of cultural capital theory and cultural globalization, it was found that the globalization of K-POP culture may symbolize high cultural capital, thus affecting womens decisions regarding marriage and mate selection. Hip-hop culture, which emphasizes individuality and freedom, has a limited impact on mate selection criteria. However, this study relies on self-reported data and lacks a sufficient sample size. Future research should expand the sample size and employ various data collection methods to further explore the complex effects of K-POP and hip-hop culture on mate selection criteria and ideal marriage age.

Age Limit of Marriage in Islamic Family Law: A Comparative Study between Morocco, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Indonesia

The renewal of marriage laws in the Islamic world is not a new thing but has been debated since ancient times. The cause of these differences began with the rise of awareness from the community and scholars that the concept of Fiqh used was no longer in line with the times, so there needed to be a new legal reform that was in line with the demands of the Islamic community, especially in marriage in determining the age limit of marriage that occurred in Asian countries namely Morocco, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The development of knowledge about the situation and conditions of the developing community at that time was one of the factors that triggered family law reform. The method used in this writing is library research, with a legal analysis approach. so it involves an analysis of the legal regulations and provisions that apply in Islam. The regulation analysis carried out involves a comparison of family law in various countries related to the age limit of marriage. The discussion is interesting because it will provide consideration of the ideal age of marriage reviewed from the positive law of the country, and will know the historical side of the provision of age limits in marriage in comparative law in the country so that it is obtained in its application in the Islamic country it is different but not far from the age recommended in reaching adulthood and maturity of thinking, mental readiness because each country has its limits to measure the maturity of children to get married.

ANALYSIS OF ISLAMIC LAW REGARDING THE ISSUANCE OF MARRIAGE DISPENSATION IN INDONESIA

Marriage dispensation is a legal solution for those who mostly do not yet have formal legal authority to marry. By taking the step of marriage dispensation, they are trying to ensure that their marriage can be legally recognized. This study analyzes differences of opinion among fiqh experts in determining age limits (baligh, ihtilam, rushd) which have implications for the right to consent in marriage. Marriage is prescribed in the Qur'an to realize the process of human regeneration. The desired generation is a generation of quality so that the task of living life is carried out based on the goals set by the Koran. This research aims to find out how the age limit for marriage in Islam is then analyzed by Islamic school scholars. Islam itself does not limit the ideal age for marriage. The jurists have different opinions regarding the age limit for marriage. The Shafi'i and Hanbali schools believe that the ideal age for marriage is 15 years, while Abu Hanifa believes that the age of maturity comes at 19 years for women and 17 years for men. Meanwhile, Imam Malik believes that the ideal age of maturity is 18 years for both men and women.

Analysis Of The Role Of Kpai To Protect Violence Against Children

KPAI is a state institution whose special task is to supervise the implementation of child protection in Indonesia, which is an obligation that must be upheld and implemented by the laws of the Republic of Indonesia. Violence is a mere behavior carried out by someone against another person to cause psychological or physical harm or injury. Punishment is not only expected to provide a deterrent sanction against the perpetrator. This research uses a normative juridical approach because the author only studies and analyzes based on previously existing cases obtained either from books, journals, or online media which are then analyzed according to the data. This writing focuses on legal protection for children in cases of violence in Indonesia. We as a society or parents must protect children from perpetrators who are victims of violence. The perpetrator always has a way to commit a crime. If the perpetrator of a crime of violence is caught, punish the perpetrator as harshly as possible, and for victims who experience violence, here too the victim also experiences mental pressure and severe trauma. You also have to help with treatment so that the child becomes confident again and can carry out the activities they normally do. Violence perpetrated against a child has several impacts, such as the child becoming disturbed in his/her education, the child becoming aggressive and even dying due to the physical damage experienced by the child. To reduce the level of violence against children, it is necessary to raise the age limit for marriage for children. Because the ideal marriage age for women is 21 years and for men 24 years, the data was obtained from the BKKBN campaign so that families grow up.

Psychological Review of the Ideal Age for Marriage: A Literature Review

Psychological Review of the Ideal Age for Marriage: A Literature Review

Examining the Most Important Factors Affecting the Egyptian Family’s Choice of the Ideal Number of Children in the Light of the 2015 Demographic and Health Survey

Examining the Most Important Factors Affecting the Egyptian Family’s Choice of the Ideal Number of Children in the Light of the 2015 Demographic and Health Survey

Competing Priorities? Testing Multiple Mechanisms That Connect Adolescent Religiosity to Marriage in Young Adulthood

Abstract Religion and family remain tightly linked institutions, but the increasingly varied period of emerging adulthood, which includes delays in marriage transition and reduced religiosity overall, calls for additional research into this relationship. Religious involvement continues to be associated with earlier age at first marriage, for example, but the specific mechanisms responsible for this connection are often only implied or untested. Accordingly, we build on prior literature and hypothesize about three mechanisms that could explain the link between adolescent religiosity and marriage transition in young adulthood: the importance of completing milestone goals prior to marriage, such as completing one’s education and establishing a career, the importance of cohabitation before marriage, and the ideal age of marriage. We use longitudinal data from the National Study of Youth and Religion to investigate each of these mechanisms for a recent cohort of young adults. Using structural equation modeling and measures for adolescent religious attendance, importance, and affiliation, we find that adolescent religiosity is related to the marriage transition primarily through the mechanism of cohabitation. Specifically, religious attendance and importance in adolescence are associated with less support for cohabitation, which in turn is associated with a higher likelihood of marriage transition during young adulthood. Findings for religious affiliation were not as consistent. In the context of demographic shifts in marriage patterns and religious involvement, these analyses provide an important illustration of how these social institutions are still connected.

The Ideal Age For Marriage in The Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) and Psychology

This article discusses the ideal age for marriage which is examined from the perspective of Islamic law and psychology. The aim is to gain a broader understanding that can be used as material in drafting a better statutory provision. This research is library research which is descriptive in nature, using secondary data in the form of primary and secondary legal materials. The results showed that the age of marriage stated in Article 15 paragraph 1 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), namely the prospective husband is 19 years and the prospective wife is 16 years. is the result of the ijtihad of Indonesian scholars based on considerations for the benefit of the family and household. Such an age limit is deemed sufficient as the age of maturity to enter into a marriage. However, when viewed from the perspective of psychology, this age limit is still in the developmental period of adolescence and is still far from being of a mature age category. According to psychology, the ideal age for marriage is 21 to 25 years for women and 25 to 30 years for men. In this age range, the prospective bride and groom are considered ready to settle down, because they have full maturity, both physically and mentally, and can accept responsibility for managing the household

Marital Timing of Emerging Adults: Familial Factors as Potent Predictors

Understanding marital beliefs during emerging adulthood is notably important as it might help emerging adults create a path in this unique life period to form a marital union. However, the affective factors shaping emerging adults’ marriage beliefs are multifarious and merit further attention. Therefore, the ultimate goal of this research was to elucidate whether the family of origin’s quality and marriage age of parents were predictors of emerging adults’ ideal marriage age and the ideal amount of time needed to get to know a partner before marriage. The study group consisted of 500 unmarried university students and graduates in Turkey. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the marital timing of emerging adults was linked to a variety of familial factors. The ideal marital age of emerging adults was significantly predicted by the mother’s marital age, parents’ marital happiness and age. Later mother marriage age was correlated with later ideal age of marriage. Higher levels of perceived happiness in parents’ marriage was associated with earlier ideal age of marriage. Additionally, the mother’s marriage age and emerging adults’ relationship status and age were significant predictors of the ideal amount of time to get to know a partner before marriage. Later mother’s marriage age and having a romantic relationship was linked to a longer time to get to know a partner before marriage. Being older was also related to a shorter time to get to know a partner before marriage and the later ideal age of marriage. The ideal marital age is around 26 years old. Only 5% of emerging adults feel ready to get married. More than two-thirds of emerging adults do not want their marriage to resemble their parents’ marriage. Besides, most emerging adults give priority to a career in their life plans.

Analisis Jumlah Perkara Dispensasi Kawin di PA Sidoarjo sebelum dan sesudah Disahkan UU No. 16 Tahun 2019

The main topic of discussion in this research is the age limit for marriage in Islam which is then analyzed by the views of religious leaders regarding the topic of discussion. This study aims to find out how the age limit for marriage in Islam is then analyzed by the Islamic scholars. Islam itself does not limit the ideal age for marriage. But in general what is commonly known is that they are mature, have good sense, are able to distinguish between good and bad so that they can give consent to marry, when the time comes for someone to get married. In the corridor of law regulations, Indonesia provides rules for a minimum age limit for marriage where if the bride and groom have not reached the stipulated age, then they must go through the process of requesting dispensation from marriage at the local religious court. The problem is, the various reasons put forward by the applicant for the marriage to be carried out immediately. In this study, the author will describe the dynamics of the issue of marriage dispensation at the Sidoarjon religious court in the range before and after 2019.
 Keywords: dispensation of marriage, early age, child marriage.

Analisis Jumlah Perkara Dispensasi Kawin di PA Sidoarjo sebelum dan sesudah Disahkan UU No. 16 Tahun 2019

The main topic of discussion in this research is the age limit for marriage in Islam which is then analyzed by the views of religious leaders regarding the topic of discussion. This study aims to find out how the age limit for marriage in Islam is then analyzed by the Islamic scholars. Islam itself does not limit the ideal age for marriage. But in general what is commonly known is that they are mature, have good sense, are able to distinguish between good and bad so that they can give consent to marry, when the time comes for someone to get married. In the corridor of law regulations, Indonesia provides rules for a minimum age limit for marriage where if the bride and groom have not reached the stipulated age, then they must go through the process of requesting dispensation from marriage at the local religious court. The problem is, the various reasons put forward by the applicant for the marriage to be carried out immediately. In this study, the author will describe the dynamics of the issue of marriage dispensation at the Sidoarjon religious court in the range before and after 2019.
 Keywords: dispensation of marriage, early age, child marriage.

The Urgency of Maturity to Get Married and Its Relevance to Family Life Goals

This paper aims to explore aspects of the legitimacy of limiting the age of marriage from the perspective of maqâshid al-syarî'ah. Early marriage is regarded as highly common ini Indonesia. According to data for 2020, 1 in 9 or almost 11% of Indonesian girls get married before becoming 18 years old. Through Law Number 16 of 2019 about Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 about Marriage, the government is trying to suppress the practice of early marriage through limiting the age of marriage to 19 years. Research methods are qualitative-explanative method, this paper attempts to analyze the texts and doctrines of fiqh scholars relating to the age of marriage and relate them to the purpose of marriage through the point of view of maqâshid al-syarî'ah. Through this method, it has been discovered that that marriage is a noble Islamic law and the only institution that legalizes sexual relations as a primary need (daruri) for human being in order to realize the maintenance of religion (hifzh al-dîn) through the avoidance of the practice of adultery, as well as maintaining the sustainability of mankind (hifzh al-nasl). Considering that marriage is closely related to responsibilities, it can be concluded that arrangement 19 years as the ideal age for marriage is considered to be in line with the maqâshid of marriage. Carrying out underage marriages will cause mafsadah, because it has negatives effect on health, fertility and causes bad social impacts so that maqâshid marriage cannot be realized.

What are the Obstacles in Achieving Ideal Family Size in Reproductive Age Couples?

The world situation with full of demands and limitations during the current pandemic can bring negative impacts on family. Family face burdens of daily needs for family life’s. Regarding to this condition, the ideal family size which is couple who has no more than two children, is an entity that needs to be considered to ensure the survivability of family. This study aimed to determine factors that related and predict the ideal family size for reproductive age couples in East Java. This study was quantitative study with cross-sectional approach. Data used in this study was secondary data from the Family Data Collection in 2021. Sampling technique was saturation sampling on reproductive age couples in 38 cities and regencies of East Java. Dependent variable was ideal family size. Independent variable was ideal age of marriage, participation in modern contraception, preferences for the ideal number of children, exposure to electronic media information, exposure to social media information, exposure to printed media information, and exposure to mass media information. Data analysis used multiple linear regression test. The study result stated variables that were related and had contribution in predicting ideal family size in reproductive age couples were ideal marriage age (p=0.001), participation in modern contraception (p=0.001), preference for ideal number of children (p=0.001), exposure to electronic media information (p=0.018), and exposure to mass media information (p=0.009). Based on these results, it is hoped that several intervention programs can be arranged by related institutions, targeted in the field that are in accordance with the study results.

Analysis of the Minimum of Marriageable Age in the Perspective of Theology

Early marriage is a reality occurred in society. Some parents still have an understanding that getting their children married as soon as possible is part of the solution to lighten the burden on the family. This research aims to reveal what the ideal age for marriage in the theological perspective. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection by means of literature study, while data analysis is descriptive qualitative. This research concludes that theologically the age of marriage does not mention numbers, but the principle of maturity of the groom and bride. Therefore, the validity of marriage is not only due to the fulfillment of the pillars, but also develops in the fulfillment of the conditions of marriage. We recommend that the minimum age for marriage still refers to the latest law, in the age of 19 for men and women. This is because if the minimum age is lower than 19, it is still classified as children's age and is no longer relevant to today's era. Age shows a person's maturity to be able to marry in the perspective of theology, health (reproduction), psychology, and the ability to fulfill rights and obligations as husband and or wife.

Exploring Iraqi people’s perception about early marriage: a qualitative study

Background and objectiveEarly marriage is prevalent in Iraq, but the factors related to this behavior, especially people's attitudes about it, have not been well studied. It has been proven that early marriage seriously threatens young girls' lives and health. This study aimed to explore the perception of people about early marriage in the Iraqi Kurdistan region.MethodsA qualitative method was employed to carry out this study in 2020. Data were collected through 16 focus group discussions in different health centers in Erbil, Iraq. Each focus group included 8–12 participants who had the experience of early marriage. The transcripts of the focus groups were analyzed through the six methodological activities of Van Manen. The trustworthiness of the data was confirmed by using qualitative data evaluation criteria.ResultsDifferent themes and subthemes regarding the ideal age of marriage, attitudes toward marriage, reasons for early marriage, advantages and disadvantages of early marriage, and practice of early marriage in the community emerged from focus group discussions. Most participants identified early marriage as inappropriate social behavior that should not be practiced. Reasons for early marriage included poor economic status, protection of girls and boys, low educational level, and respect for old traditions of the community. Divorce and violence against women were the main disadvantages of early marriage.ConclusionThere is a generally negative attitude towards early marriage, and the practice's disadvantages and health and psychological consequences are well recognized in Iraqi Kurdistan Region. However, different social, traditional, economic, educational, and religious factors encourage early marriage in the region. Further research is recommended in other governorates in the area to have a more precise and representative idea about the topic.

Unmet Need for Contraception Among Young Women: Evidence From Indonesia

This study aimed to explore the factors associated with the unmet need for contraception among young women in Indonesia. Further analysis of a cross-sectional study of the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey was carried out. The analysis was restricted to 4,017 married women aged 15 to 24 in Indonesia. The outcome of this study was that there is an unmet need for contraception. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio. Generally, the unmet need for family planning among young women is still high, and the figure is 9.3% for young married women. Unmet need was higher among women in particular groups, including those with more children, women who were cohabiting, those with a higher level of education, living in rural areas, if their husbands wanted more children, and where other family members in the household made the decision for access to healthcare. Access to reproductive health information and services must be increased to address the unmet need for contraception among young women. Promoting the ideal age for marriage and expanding access to education are essential measures.

What Predict Modern Contraception Use? A Study of Reproductive Age Married Couples in Indonesia

ABSTRACTBackground: Health, including reproductive health is everyone's right. Reproductive health can be achieved in several ways, including the practice of family planning through modern contraception used by married couples. Modern contraception brings positive impact for ensuring couples and families’ overall health and wellbeing. However, prevalence of modern contraception use among couples is still low, including in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine factors that predicted the modern contraception use of reproductive age married couples in Indonesia.Method: This study was quantitative study with cross-sectional approach. Data used in this study was secondary data from the 2021 Family Data Collection. Sampling technique was saturated sampling on reproductive age couples in 34 Provinces in Indonesia. Dependent variable was modern contraception use. Independent variables were women's ideal marriage age, women's early marriage age, and ideal number of children preferences. Data analysis used multiple linear regression test. Results: Results showed that variables that were significantly related to modern contraception use were women's ideal marriage age, women's early marriage age, and ideal number of children preferences (p<0.001). There was significant relationship between each variable women's ideal marriage age (p<0.001), women's early marriage age (p<0.001), and ideal number of children preferences (p<0.001) with modern contraception use. women's ideal marriage age, women's early marriage age, and ideal number of children preferences were predictors of modern contraception use among reproductive age married couples in Indonesia, both simultaneously and individually. Based on study results, reproductive age couples need to consider their age of marriage and gain good information and understanding about children preferences. It is hoped that it would increase their participation of modern contraception use.

An Overview Of The Knowledge Of Young Women About The Ideal Age For Marriage, Preparation For Family Life And The Impact Of Early Marriage At SMAS Methodist Pancur Batu 2022

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adolescents are children who have reached the age of 10 to 18 years, while according to the National Education Office, it is considered a teenager if a child has reached the age of 10-18 years for girls and 12 to 20 years for boys. This study aims to obtain a clearer and more complete picture of Overview of knowledge about the ideal age of marriage, preparation for family life and the impact of early marriage on young women. This research uses a descriptive method. The sample in this study was 115 female adolescent girls at SMAS Methodist Pancur Batu street. Pancur Batu, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra. The sampling technique is Stratified Random Sampling which is where the sample is taken based on the strata in the population . The research instrument uses a questionnaire in the form of a google form . The results obtain from 31 respondents show that the most who had good knowledge were 18 people 58.06%, knowledgeable enough 8 people 25.82% and the least who had less knowledge are 5 people 16.12%. Respondents' knowledge is good because respondents received more information from education staff or teachers who might be able to help young women to gain knowledge about the impact of early marriage, they also got knowledge and information from social media.

THE SUCCES OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING IS SEEN BY HISTORY OF EARLY MARRIAGE

AbstractBackground: Early marriage is a marriage that is carried out before the bride turns to 19 years old. Tulungagung district is one of the contributors to the incidence of early marriage, which is 220 cases. The highest cases of early childhood marriage were in Kedungwaru sub-district with 37 cases. Early marriage can cause various problems, one of which is exclusive breastfeeding. Currently, the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in Tulungagung district is 67.1%. This figure is still far from the national target. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between history of early marriage and exclusive breastfeeding. Method: This research method is observational analytic with cross sectional approach. A sample of 42 respondents with the sampling technique using purposive sampling. Data were collected from June to August through a questionnaire instrument guided by interviews. The independent variable is a history of early marriage. The dependent variable is exclusive breastfeeding. Data analysis using Chi square test. Results: The results showed that respondents who were in the category of early marriage were 47.6%, and the ideal age of marriage was 52.4%, respondent with exclusive breastfeeding was 52.4% and did not give exclusive breastfeeding 47.6%. The results of the Chi square test showed a history of early marriage with exclusive breastfeeding, P value 0.087. Conclusion: Data indicates that there is no correlation between a history of early marriage to exclusive breastfeeding. Even so, early marriage must still be avoided because the impact of early marriage will cause many problems and canaffect the future of early marriage couple, even the nation and state. Keywords: Early marriage, exclusive breastfeeding, formula milk