ICT Environment Research Articles

ISSUES OF DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATION BETWEEN THE USA AND RUSSIA IN THE SPHERE OF INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SECURITY

The article presents an analysis of cyber threats implemented against Russia and the United States, and also examines possible dangers in the field of international information security within the framework of the current global political situation. The author has explored the history of the development of approaches of the Russian Federation and the United States of America to ensuring state security in the cyber environment. An analysis of the problems of international information security is carried out using the example of bilateral relations between the United States and Russia, both in the historical context and in the current international political situation. US policy is aimed at independently identifying and holding accountable for cyberattacks the state from whose territory, in their opinion, the threat came. And due to the difficulties in detecting attackers in practice, this approach is prone to abuse. While Russia proposes to investigate each situation individually and hold the instigators and perpetrators accountable. And due to the fact that currently there is no mechanism for crisis resolution of conflict situations in the ICT environment and uniform international standards for resolving cyber conflicts, the option proposed by Russia seems to the author more promising.

Students’ view of Quantum Information Technologies, part 3

The article is part of a course on Quantum Information Technologies QIT conducted at the Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology of the Warsaw University of Technology. The subject includes a publishing workshop exercised by engineering students. How do ICT engineers see QIT from their point of view? How can they implement quantum technologies in their future work? M.Sc. students usually have strictly declared topics for their master’s theses. The implementation of some works is at an advanced stage. The potential areas of application of QIT are defined and narrow if they are to intellectually expand the area of the completed theses. This is the idea of incorporating QIT components or interfaces into classic ICT solutions at the software and hardware level. It is possible to propose a solution in the form of a functional hybrid system. QIT systems should be functionally incorporated into the existing ICT environment, generating measurable added value. Such a task is quite demanding, but practice shows that it interests students. Solutions don’t have to be mature or even feasible. They can be dreams of young engineers. The exercise is a publication workshop related to the fast development of QIT. The article is a continuation of publication exercises conducted with previous groups of students participating in QIT lectures.

Cyber Security Risk Assessment Methods for Smart Healthcare

The perverseness of the Internet of Things (IoT) has reached the healthcare sector, where interconnected medical devices are transforming how we deliver and manage health. These devices, linked wirelessly, create a vast network known as Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), that integrates seamlessly with the broader healthcare system. This interconnected infrastructure facilitates the exchange of massive amounts of patient data, paving the way for a more distributed and data-driven approach to healthcare. In healthcare’s ICT environment rely heavily on electronic health records (EHR), e-prescribing systems and other systems. Protecting this sensitive data necessitates robust cybersecurity measures. Even though data security is an indirect cost, it is crucial for healthcare systems. In general, patient trust in a healthcare system depends on the infrastructure’s ability to protect data from security and privacy threats. A critical component of this strategy is security risk assessment. A risk is an indirect cost borne by those designing these systems. The risk assessment process identifies, evaluates, and prioritizes potential threats to the organization’s assets including hardware and software. By assessing risks before acting, healthcare organizations can effectively allocate resources to mitigate the most critical vulnerabilities. While broadly applicable cyber risk assessment frameworks like NIST, ISO, and OCTAVE exist, they may lack a strong risk between assets, threats and impacts, and controls. Therefore, they do not provide a comprehensive picture for healthcare specifically. A more thorough examination is required to establish a strong association between protected systems, potential threats, and the resulting risks. This paper critically reviews these frameworks and their methodologies and limitations for healthcare cybersecurity. Even though data security is an indirect cost, it is crucial for healthcare systems.

Problematization of the Sudanese Engineering Education

The purpose of engineering education is to prepare engineering graduates for employment as professional engineers in various industries. However, a small portion of the engineering graduates may seek other options, like research and/or graduate studies. Well-trained engineering graduates is essential for development of any country. Nevertheless, Sudan, like most of Sub Saharan African countries, has been facing profound engineering education issues; of them are: poor funding, outdated curricula, ineffective teaching and learning methods, inadequate human capacity, poor research/publishing condition, inappropriate facilities, inadequate educational technology and ICT environment, weak university/industry relationship, lack of academic freedom, imbalance between diploma and bachelor graduates from engineering college, and missing of quality control and accreditation measures. All of these issues led to low number of well-trained engineering graduates; hence, the country’s development has been exceedingly suppressed. Any efforts to improve engineering education in Sudan should start with addressing those inadequate elements of engineering education. This paper discussed the current engineering education issues and concluded with recommendations that might help resolve them.

Teaching and learning French as a second foreign language in the ICT environment

Problem. Abstract. The article deals with general issues relating to the use of electronic educational resources in the teaching and learning of French as a second foreign language in the ICT environment. Attention is drawn to the advantages and disadvantages of computerizing foreign language teaching. A brief description of some electronic educational tools in French is given.
 The digital transformation of the educational process is associated not only with the emergence of new educational opportunities, but also with the training of specialists who are highly responsible for the work they do and capable of making independent decisions.
 Goal. The aim is to present the main trends and prospects for the use of electronic teaching resources in the teaching and learning of French as a second foreign language, to classify electronic teaching resources by methodological objective, to propose new ways of using them in the digital environment. Methodology. To achieve the defined purpose, a series of research methods were applied: theoretical analysis and synthesis of pedagogical and methodological sources on issues, IT resources and networks for educational purposes, questionnaires, interviews as part of the process of identifying priority areas of application. The aim of creating electronic educational resources is to modernize the learning process. The use of e-learning resources makes it possible to refresh the content of teaching materials. The outbreak of hostilities led to the transfer of the educational process to a distance learning format using information and communication technologies, which required students to work actively with information resources. The increase in the volume and quality of information is contributing to the renewal of forms, methods and means of teaching and learning French as a second foreign language. Originality. The integration of e-learning resources into the process of teaching French as a foreign language includes classroom and independent work, as well as the assessment of students' knowledge and skills. The range of possibilities they offer can be incorporated into the structure of each lesson to introduce and work on new topics, check vocabulary and grammar, etc. Practical value. The possibilities offered by e-learning resources make it possible to diversify courses and increase student motivation. Their use makes the language learning process more focused on students' real skills, more flexible and more creative.

Medical library systems and services: Bangladesh scenario.

This study highlights the present status of medical libraries in Bangladesh. It mainly focuses on the four key areas of medical libraries: Medical Library Services, Research4Life from Bangladesh perspective, Institutional Repository (IR), and Library Automation status. The research study also explores the various key challenges faced by the medical libraries in Bangladesh and finally provides necessary recommendations like a sufficient library budget, implementation of an Integrated Library System (ILS), skilled manpower, more participation in information networking and resource sharing, sound ICT environment, online collection development for the overall development of medical libraries in Bangladesh.

현행 공소제기의 문제점 및 개선방안 연구

Until now, the Korean Criminal Procedure Act has taken strict written precautions to guarantee the defendant's right to defend, requiring prosecution only in writing. In recent precedents, the prosecution was dismissed, breaking the practice of storing tens of thousands of documented crime lists on CDs, etc. and attaching them to the indictment. However, if a large amount of digital evidence is used, such as a personal information leakage case, the processing may take excessive cost and time, and the complexity of verification procedures due to documentation may weaken the strong evidence capability of digital evidence.
 Accordingly, through the analysis of actual investigation cases and precedents, this paper derived electronic measures to improve prosecution to guarantee the Defendant's right to defend against the current prosecution method that significantly delays investigation processing in the changing ICT environment. In particular, prior to the enforcement of the Criminal Procedure Electronic Documents Act to digitize data generated at all stages of criminal justice procedures, the necessity of preparing an institutional device to electronically manage prosecutions was raised. On the other hand, even if electronic prosecution is included in the Criminal Procedure Electronic Documents Act, a conflict between the two laws is inevitable as long as written principles are adhered to in the Criminal Procedure Act. This paper proposed amendments focusing on Articles 254 and 266 of the Criminal Procedure Act and Article 118 of the Criminal Procedure Rules as the legal basis for judgments to recognize electronic criminal schedules in criminal proceedings.

Комуникативни и езикови особености на компютърния жаргон във виртуалната комуникация

Abstract: The paper presents the results of an analysis of computer jargon and its role as a means of communication in the field of information and communication technologies and the implementation of virtual communication. The analysis is oriented towards the vocabulary and communicative situations in which computer jargon is used. The research is implemented using a comparative approach. Jargonisms from the Bulgarian and Russian language have been selected in the corpus and they are separated in five thematic groups: “Computer and ICT tools”, “Software products”, “Individuals in the ICT environment”, “Computer work”, “Global network/Internet”. The hypothesis is that computer jargon is a linguistically and communicatively complex phenomenon; that jargonisms are dynamic in terms of their derivation; that their emergence is conditioned by a specific socio-cultural environment; that members of virtual communities use jargonisms in order to be accepted and fit into this environment without assuming communicative barriers. The focus is on exploring the manifestations of computer jargon primarily at the verbal level in specific communicative situations in virtual environments. The ways of communication and the main means of expressing emotions replacing verbal and non-verbal communication in oral speech are identified. Keywords: computer jargon, jargonisms, lecsicology, virtual communication, information and communication technologies.

ICT를 활용한 문학의 미래 모델 연구

This study analyzed the main factors affecting literature and the literary ecosystem in the ICT environment and what kind of future model of literature will be formed. As a result of the analysis, the literary ecosystem forms a future model in which 'literary content as IP' is traded and distributed based on platforms in a rapidly changing technological and policy environment in which literary content creators and producers and literary content users interact through ICT factors such as artificial intelligence, VR and AR, blockchain, digital publishing, and platforms. In this model, authors and communities of authors, creative users, copyright agencies, and artificial intelligence agencies are the agents of creation and production. The areas of 'creation/production' and 'reading/use' will be converged based on platforms, and the phenomenon of mutual conversion will become commonplace. Literature will evolve into an IP-centered activity model that creates transmedia content that crosses media and genres, centered on technology-based platforms.

MODALITIES OF TEACHING LEARNING THROUGH INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION

A documentary review was carried out on the production and publication of research papers related to the study of the variable Modalities of Teaching, Learning, ICT and Higher Education. The purpose of the bibliometric analysis proposed in this document was to know the main characteristics of the volume of publications registered in the Scopus database during the period 201 7-2022, achieving the identification of 838 publications. The information provided by this platform was organized through graphs and figures categorizing the information by Year of Publication, Country of Origin, Area of Knowledge and Type of Publication. Once these characteristics have been described, the position of different authors towards the proposed theme is referenced through a qualitative analysis. Among the main findings made through this research, it is found that Spain, with 138 publications, was the country with the highest scientific production registered in the name of authors affiliated with institutions in that country. The Area of Knowledge that made the greatest contribution to the construction of bibliographic material referring to the study of teaching and learning modalities in the ICT environment for higher education was Social Sciences with 526 published documents, and the Type of Publication most used during the period indicated above werethe Journal Articles with the 54% of total scientific production.

CNN 기반 주간 위성 이미지를 활용한 격자 단위 인구추정

The traditional methods of collecting population data are population census and vital data surveys. Although most countries still use this method, changes are taking place in the collection and utilization of population data according to the ICT environment and the trend of opening public data. An example is the register-based census using administrative data introduced by Korea in 2015 and population estimation for subregions that are more detailed than administrative districts. In particular, studies using satellite images for population estimation of subregions are being introduced. In the early days, night-time satellite images were mainly used, but after the deep learning CNN algorithm was introduced, studies using day-time satellite images have been introduced. In this study, we tried to estimate the 1km gridded population using day-time satellite images and CNN transfer learning in Korea. As a result of the study, the possibility of estimation was confirmed, but satisfactory results were not obtained like previous studies. In order to obtain improved gridded population estimates, it was confirmed that it may be advantageous to apply the CNN algorithm to a grid smaller than 1 km in a relatively small area such as a city rather than a large area such as the entire country.

International information security: universal legal dimension

The article is devoted to the development of the system of legal support of international information security. A scientific understanding of the concept of international information security and the main threats in this area has been carried out. The strategic objectives and main directions of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of international information security are analyzed. The current state of the system of legal support of international information security and the main problems in this area are investigated. A systematic analysis of various approaches of states regarding the applicability of the norms and principles of current International Law to the ICT environment, the development and adoption of new rules, principles and norms related to security in the ICT environment. Of particular interest from the standpoint of International and national Law is the problem of voluntary and non-binding norms of responsible behavior of states in the ICT environment. The research conducted by the authors made it possible to scientifically substantiate conclusions from interdisciplinary positions regarding the priority vectors of the development of the system of legal support for international information security at the universal, regional and bilateral levels in the conditions of geopolitical confrontation of the leading world powers.

Research on ICT innovation in Hungarian SMEs

Aim of the research: the aim of the research was to assess the extent to which Hungarian enterprises use Industry 4.0 technologies, with a particular focus on Internet of Things (IoT) technology-based solutions. In contrast to most international research, IoT automated data collection and automated control technologies are treated separately. A secondary aim of the research is to analyse whether the application of innovative technologies is being addressed as a tactical/strategic issue alongside information security issues. in addressing these two issues, we will examine the short- and long-term impact of innovative solutions on the for-profit organizations. The research is based on the responses to a questionnaire survey recorded in 2018. The research included Hungarian for-profit-organizations that are free to choose how they design their ICT environment, so the regulatory environment does not have a binding effect on the IT solutions used by the respondent. The data obtained from the survey were firstly analysed using descriptive statistics, supplemented by some inferential statistical procedures. The results of the analysis proved that IoT devices should be analysed with a higher resolution than before, and that information security dimensions should not be neglected when implementing innovative devices.

A Review of the ICT Environment for Customized Learning Among Elementary and Secondary School Students in South Korea: Focusing on the One PC per Student Initiative

A Review of the ICT Environment for Customized Learning Among Elementary and Secondary School Students in South Korea: Focusing on the One PC per Student Initiative

Cyber Diplomacy under Increased Competition Between the Great Powers

The fragmentation of the Internet, which has replaced information globalization, is becoming a new reality. Digital technologies and the Internet are becoming a field of new geopolitical contradictions and a struggle for leadership between the great powers. Cyber diplomacy, which includes a range of issues of using ICT to achieve the foreign policy goals of the state, as well as new problematic and subject areas of international relations arising in connection with digitalization, is the most important tool for interstate competition and conflicts, as well as a means of conducting information wars.At the international level, there are no internationally recognized norms governing the development and use of digital tools in the framework of foreign policy, interstate competition or confrontation. It becomes especially important to develop rules for the responsible behavior of states in the global information space. Methodologically, the article is based on the theory of the life cycle of norms. According to this approach, norms are social standards that regulate the behavior of states in a certain area of international relations. At present, there has been a rejection of the norms of the global Internet, which has been promoted by the United States for a long time, free from state borders. A set of norms has been formed in the field of responsible behavior of states in the ICT environment, enshrined in the documents of the UN, regional organizations and other international forums. However, the directions of their development and practical application remain the subject of interstate discussions, in view of the high significance of this problem and the differences in the interests and approaches of states.

Russian Approaches to Regulating Use of Force in Cyberspace

Discussion in the United Nations on how international law applies to cyberspace has lasted more than two decades. Initially, the issue was raised by Russia and gained little attention by Western States; today, however, the question of state responsibility, applicability of humanitarian law and thresholds of intervention, use of force or armed attack have become a high priority for all digitalised States. Debate on the matter has, in many aspects, polarised and one of the divides occurs between Russia and Western States. This Chapter analyses the Russian approach to the applicability of international law to state behaviour in cyberspace from the perspective of Russian approaches to international law in general. In doing so, the Chapter aims to explain the sometimes-controversial positions taken by a State that is at once a world power, one of the most active cyber-actors and often in an adversarial position. Special focus is put on the Russian approach to use of force in the ICT environment.

ICT 환경에서 수학 교사의 수업 조직과 권위 분배에 대한 연구

Extant literature on mathematics instruction in the ICT environment has reported its potential and the role of teachers. However, there is a paucity of literature regarding how teachers specifically organize the use of ICT instruments in instruction and distribute authority with and for students during mathematical discussion. This study analyzes the instructional organization and practices in Korea that promote students’ inquiry-based learning in an ICT environment by using the framework of instrumental orchestration. This framework considers how teachers utilize various artefacts and adjust teaching to promote students’ learning. In addition, the study examines how teachers distribute authority in the classroom to promote students’ inquiry activities. The study reports different types of instrumental orchestration and compares the distribution of authority in four teachers’ classes. The study also discusses implications for inquiry-based learning in ICT environments.

Changing Role Of College Libraries In ICT Environment

Changing Role Of College Libraries In ICT Environment

Students’ Classroom Use of Information and Communication Technologies: Implication on their Digital Literacy Skills in Tanzanian Universities

The current literature does not adequately account for the best ICT use practices and graduates’ digital literacy skills the Tanzania’s school system embrace. This paper provides some evidence about the academic use of ICT for learning and its implication on the level of digital literacy skills among students at University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM) and Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) in Tanzania. The paper is a product of a typical qualitative study carried out to assess University’s ICT environment for students’ learning. The study used a multistage sampling approach to select a total of 654 students from undergraduate programmes in the selected Universities. Data was collected by using Questionnaires, Documentary review and Focus Group Discussions and analysed by using descriptive, thematic and contents analyses. The findings indicated that, students struggle to use ICTs for learning and their work outputs manifest some weaknesses which suggest a low level of digital literacy skills for learning. The highlights that, unless universities amplify their support for digital literacy skills among students and instructors, the use of ICTs for learning will be a cause of students’ disengagement in learning.

Polytechnic Library Personnel Competency Framework In Ict Environment: A Study Of Some Selected Polytechnic Libraries In The North West

Polytechnic Library Personnel Competency Framework In Ict Environment: A Study Of Some Selected Polytechnic Libraries In The North West