Icon Infiltrant Research Articles

Different effects of whitening treatment on natural teeth and teeth treated with Icon resin: an experimental study in vitro.

It is quite common for white spots to develop on a tooth, due sometimes to a defective formation of the enamel layer, and sometimes to patches of demineralisation as a result of poor oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment with fixed braces. ICON DMG is currently the only noninvasive treatment for white spots. After a preliminary etching, it infiltrates the enamel, filling the spaces between the prisms with a resinous material that has a refraction coefficient very similar to that of healthy tooth enamel. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of professional whitening procedures on teeth previously treated with ICON. The study hypothesis was that infiltration with ICON resin creates a barrier capable of preventing the bleaching action of the whitening agent. White spots were artificially created on one half of the vestibular surface of 12 human teeth, while the other half was protected with a composite adhesive. The white spots were infiltrated with ICON and the protective adhesive was subsequently removed. A professional teeth whitening procedure was then completed on both halves of the teeth. A statistical analysis was performed to compare spectrophotometric recordings obtained before and after the ICON infiltration and teeth whitening procedures. The whitening procedure modified the colour of the teeth on the half not infiltrated with ICON (p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant change in colour on the half infiltrated with ICON. The presence of the ICON resin seems to act as a partial barrier to the action of the whitening agent.

RESIN INFILTRATION OF HYPOMINERALIZED ENAMEL DEFECTS WITH COMPOSITE RESIN COMBINED RESTORATION: CASE REPORT

The purpose of these case reports is the aesthetic treatment of enamel defects using the resin infiltration method and conservative approach. The treatment of three patients who came to our clinic complaining of an opaque enamel lesion in the upper anterior region is described. During oral examination, it was determined that the teeth were healthy but there were superficial and deep developmental defects. Before starting the restorative procedures, it was planned to treat the teeth using the resin infiltration method. The Icon infiltration technique, which has microinvasion technology, was applied in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Follow-up examinations were performed at 2, 6, 8 months and 1 year in 3 cases. The most aesthetic results can be achieved in a short time by using the resin infiltration method and minimally invasive approaches. The micro abrasive technique is effective in superficial defects, but is insufficient in more advanced deep enamel defects. A combination of resin infiltration technique, composite resin restoration and bleaching procedures to treat increased opacity, discoloration and defects in the anterior teeth can result in a homogeneous and aesthetic appearance of the teeth.

Evaluation of the therapeutic performance of ICON infiltration resin in the treatment of White Spot Lesions in esthetic dental areas. Clinical Report.

Abstract White spot lesions, pathologically characterized by enamel demineralization, present a significant challenge in dentistry. Notably, intervention at the white spot stage is crucial to impede further lesion progression. Recent advances studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of flowable resin infiltration as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional treatment modalities. This technique allows for the concurrent treatment of multiple lesions in a single appointment, circumventing the necessity for local anesthesia or extensive cavity preparation. Clinically, this method has shown consistent stability, evidenced by maintained enamel integrity, enhanced rigidity, and preservation of adjacent healthy dental tissues. Additionally, the aesthetic outcomes of this approach are noteworthy, with a gradual diminution of lesion visibility over time. The present case report elucidates the long-term clinical outcomes and the efficaciousness of the Icon kit in the targeted management of specific white spot lesion pathologies.

RESIN INFILTRATION FOR MINIMALLY INVASIVE TREATMENT OF INITIAL CARIES AND NON-CARIOUS SPOT LESIONS: LITERATURE REVIEW

A concept of minimal intervention dentistry focuses on dental caries prevention, managing risk factors, detection of initial caries lesions and minimally invasive treatment. The article presents the possibilities, indications and advantages of Icon resin infiltration in the treatment of initial dental caries and non-carious spot lesions. Based on data from previous studies it is effective, painless and aesthetic method. After resin infiltration of enamel lesions the integrity of the tooth is preserved, the restoration of luster, transparency and color of the enamel is observed, the microhardness and surface roughness of the demineralized area increased to the values of intact dental tissues. Icon infiltration can be used for the treatment of initial non-cavitated dental caries on proximal and smooth surfaces of teeth as well as for the aesthetic treatment of non-carious spot lesions.

Treatment of hypomineralized maxillary central and canine teeth with resin infiltration technique: A case report

Aim: The resin infiltration technique is a minimally invasive approach that can be used to treat white spot lesions and arrest the progression of caries lesions. In this case report, it is aimed to eliminate the existing aesthetic problem by treating enamel hypomineralization in the maxillary central and canine teeth with the resin infiltration technique. Methodology: A 17-year-old male patient was referred to our clinic because of an aesthetic problem caused by a white spot lesion in his maxillary central and canine teeth. After clinical and radiological examination, his treatment options were evaluated, and we decided to treat it with the resin infiltration technique. After cleaning the surfaces of the teeth with a prophylaxis pad (Ultrapro Tx, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA), isolation was achieved by applying a gingival barrier (Gingival Barrier, SDI, Bayswater, VIC, Australia). The adjacent teeth were protected using Teflon tape. A 15% hydrochloric acid gel (Icon Etch, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) was applied to the enamel surfaces for two minutes by mixing with a brush. After, the acid was removed using a water spray for 30 seconds. Ethanol (Icon Dry, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) was applied for 30 seconds and air dried. Then, a low-viscosity resin infiltrant (Icon Infiltrant; DMG, Hamburg, Germany) was applied to the tooth surfaces for three minutes by slight massage. After the application, the resin was light polymerized for 40 seconds (D-Light Pro, GC, Tokyo, Japan). The whole procedure was performed in such a way that there were two consecutive cycles. Results: Aesthetics improved after the procedure. The patient was followed up with control sessions. Conclusion: White spot lesions can be treated with a minimally invasive approach using the resin infiltration technique with appropriate indication. How to cite this article: Tüzel S, Çokkeçeci İT, Üçtaşlı MB, Arısu HD. Treatment of hypomineralized maxillary central and canine teeth with resin infiltration technique: A case report. Int Dent Res 2022;12(Suppl.1):124-7. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.452 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Resin-based materials to control human dentin permeability under erosive conditions in vitro: A hydraulic conductance, confocal microscopy and FTIR study

ObjectivesTo characterize the behavior of three different polymeric agents before and after an erosive challenge on dentin permeability, to analyze their degradation in both conditions, and to analyze their degree of conversion (DC). MethodsThe permeability of human dentin disks (1.0 ± 0.2 mm) was measured with smear layer, after its removal, after treatment (LpTreat) with Gluma Desensitizer, PRG Barrier Coat (PBC) or Icon infiltrant (n = 11/group) and after exposure to citric acid (LpEro) (6%, pH 2.1, 1 min). The specimens were analyzed under a Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (n = 2/group) and the products’ DC were calculated. Data were subjected to 2-way repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni (permeability analysis), to paired t-test (for specimens treated with Icon) and to t-test (DC analysis) (α < 0.05). ResultsIcon showed the lowest LpTreat and LpEro values, while PBC and Gluma did not differ from each other under these conditions. Icon and PBC showed LpEro similar to a dentin with smear layer. Under the Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope, more deposits were noticeable on dentin after treating with PBC. Gluma presented the deepest penetration in dentin. The DC of PBC was the highest. SignificanceIcon caused the highest reduction on permeability values, followed by PBC and Gluma. PBC generated more deposits covering dentin and seemed to be more efficient after an erosive challenge. The association of a polymeric resin with inorganic ion-releasing fillers seem to be a great strategy to manage dentin hypersensitivity under erosive conditions.

One-Year Follow-up Study on Minimally Invasive Treatment of Cariogenic or Non-cariogenic White Spot Lesions

(1) Background: The current practice in dental medicine aims to perform non-invasive treatments, which preserve as many hard tissues as possible. This trend is based on the final appearance, which should be as aesthetic and as close to natural teeth as possible. The use of Icon DMG can be considered revolutionary in the treatment of white spot lesions (WSLs) caused by various factors. (2) Methods: A diagnosis was established after clinical inspection, transillumination, or based on the patient’s medical history. Icon infiltration was followed according to the producer’s indications. Chromatic stability was assessed by two examinators with Vitapan 3D Master, and gum health improvement was assessed using the gingival index (GI). (3) Results: Ten dental units were observed for one year and showed chromatic stability. Gum health was improved. No side effects occurred. (4) Conclusions: An easy, non-invasive technique and painless treatment are the desired results from the use and implementation of resin in current practice. Following the infiltration protocol offers the desired aesthetic results.

IMMEDIATE RESULT OF ICON INFILTRATION IN WHITE SPOT LESIONS CAUSED BY FLUOROSIS: A CASE REPORT

The Icon technique is designed to effectively restore non-cavitary lesions (porosity in deor hypomineralized enamel). Infiltration of the composite resin increases the strength of demineralized enamel. The results of clinical application indicate the effectiveness of the Icon infiltration method in combination with microabrasion and professional whitening, as well as an excellent aesthetic effect for 2 years after treatment.&#x0D; The Icon method may be a minimally invasive alternative to various methods of remineralization, especially in pediatric practice. Certain limitations in the application of the Icon method include its relatively high cost.&#x0D; This publication presents favorable treatment outcomes, obtained within a short time, in the therapy of fluorosis of permanent incisors in a 7-year-old girl after the application of the Icon infiltration method. This clinical case may be of practical interest to dentists in the wider use of this technique in pediatric dentistry, especially in the regions of endemic fluorosis. Before disseminating the results of the treatment, we obtained written informed consent from the patient's mother.&#x0D; We used the Icon infiltration method and obtained fast and reliable results, which was a key aspect to choose the treatment approaches in this clinical case.&#x0D; There were no restrictions as to the application of this approach in this clinical case. In the scientific literature, there is an unconfirmed theory that the prevalence of fluorosis and its severity increases over time after tooth eruption. However, recent studies have shown that very mild and moderate fluorosis tends to decrease in severity in adolescence. This trend continues into young adulthood and then slows down at the age of twenty. Given this information, the clinical effect reported by the manufacturers after treatment with Icon might be even longer than the declared period of 2 years after treatment for fluorosis.

The power of ICON infiltration in an adolescent patient. Case report.

Abstract Introduction. White spot lesions are early signs of demineralization, which may or may not lead to the development of caries. An inactive white spot lesion might act as an arrested dental caries and affect the esthetic appearance by displaying a milky white color. These lesions need a non-invasive or a minimally invasive treatment. One of the materials taken into consideration in treating these lesions is ICON, a biomimetic material that infiltrates the white spots and can reestablish the esthetic function. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the esthetic efficacy of a minimally invasive technique and a relatively new product on the dental market, ICON, in the treatment of different non-cavitated carious lesions. Case presentation. A 14-year-old patient presented to the dental clinic with asymptomatic, non-cavitating lesions on the cervical aspect of all permanent teeth. The lesions were diagnosed as incipient caries on the buccal, occlusal, and palatal surfaces of the teeth, and the proposed treatment to arrest their progression and improve the esthetic appearance was the use of the ICON infiltration technique. Conclusion. The ICON resin infiltration treatment increased esthetics, visibly diminishing the appearance of non-cavitating carious lesions.

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ МЕТОДОВ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ НАЧАЛЬНОГО КАРИЕСА

Objectives. Remineralizing therapy is widely used in the treatment of acute initial caries. However, when the protein matrix of the enamel is destroyed in the area of the initial caries, remineralizing therapy turns out to be ineffective, which requires the choice of a different method of treatment. One of these methods is the Icon (Infiltration Concept) enamel infiltration method, which allows to preserve the natural healthy tooth tissues as much as possible and restore the enamel affected by caries. &#x0D; Purpose — to analyze the comparative study of the clinical efficacy of the Icon infiltration method and the deep fluoridation method in the treatment of acute initial caries. &#x0D; Methodology. The article presents the results of studying the clinical efficacy of the Icon infiltration method and the deep fluoridation method in the treatment of acute initial caries of 89 teeth in 50 students of the Medical Academy. S.I. Georgievsky at the age of 18–24. Paraclinical indices were studied: hygiene index (OHI-S), the intensity of dental caries damage (CPU of teeth, CPU of cavities), means of individual hygiene for the oral cavity were selected, general remineralizing treatment was prescribed. To assess the dynamics of treatment, patients were divided into three groups of groups, taking into account the therapy. &#x0D; Results. Clinical application of the Icon infiltration method in the treatment of initial caries made it possible to achieve stabilization of the pathological process and restoration of enamel in 100% of cases — there was a complete disappearance of the focus of demineralization in all teeth, elimination of clinical manifestations of acute initial caries, reduction of the degree of demineralization revealed by vital staining by 83.6%. &#x0D; Conclusions. Our positive results allow us to recommend a wider clinical application of the Icon infiltration method in order to restore enamel in the treatment of initial caries.

ԱՏԱՄԻ՝ ՕՐԹՈԴՈՆՏԻԿ ԲՈՒԺՄԱՆ ԸՆԹԱՑՔՈՒՄ ԱՌԱՋԱՑՈՂ ԿԱՐԾՐ ՀՅՈՒՍՎԱԾՔՆԵՐԻ ԱՊԱԿՐԱԿԱԼՄԱՆ ՎԵՐԱՑՄԱՆ ԵՂԱՆԱԿՆԵՐԸ

Demineralization of teeth (white-spot lesions) during comprehensive orthodontic treatment remains a significant problem in pediatric dentistry. If the lesions are superficial, application of nanocomplexes in connection with mineralization by oral fluid is leading to their elimination or recovery. If the lesions are deep, we have to use minimally invasive methods, particularly the ICON system. The authors have done the ICON infiltration on 13 orthodontic patients. The research showed that the results are stable during 3,6 and 12 months and the optimal results are recorded 8 weeks later following the procedure. The ICON infiltration is well received by patients, for it is pain-free, needs no anesthesia or use of burs, and the result is visible immediately after procedure.

Development of New Experimental Dental Enamel Resin Infiltrants-Synthesis and Characterization.

The aim of the present study was to obtain experimental infiltration materials, intended for the treatment of dental white spots, and to investigate them. Two series of infiltrants (P1–P6)/(P1F–P6F) were obtained, based on different monomer mixtures, without/with glass filler (with fluoride release ability). Each infiltrant from the second series contained the same amount of glass powder, and each infiltrant from the (P–PF) group contained the same resin composition. The characteristics of the experimental infiltrants were investigated by degree of conversion (DC), mechanical strength, water sorption (WS), and fluoride release, in addition to residual monomer for (P1F–P6F) infiltrants. The results were compared with those obtained for commercial Icon infiltrant. For the experimental infiltrants, without/with filler, the recorded DC was in the range of 58.27–89.70%/60.62–89.99%, compared with Icon (46.94%) 24 h after polymerization. The release of fluoride depends on the permeability of the polymer matrix, with respect to the water sorption, which may help to diffuse ions in the storage medium but which can also influence the release of residual monomers. The highest flexural strengths were recorded for the (TEGDMA/HEMA/Bis-GMA) infiltrants (133.94 ± 16.389 MPa/146.31 ± 7.032 MPa). The best experimental infiltrants were P2 and P2F (Bis-GMA/HEMA/TEGDMA).

Effects of hybrid inorganic-organic nanofibers on the properties of enamel resin infiltrants – An in vitro study

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the overall mechanical properties of resin infiltrants doped with bioactive nanofibers and their ability in inhibiting enamel demineralization or achieving remineralization of the adjacent enamel to white spots. A commercial resin infiltrant (ICON, DMG) was doped with hybrid inorganic-organic nanofibers and analyzed for degree of conversion (DC, n = 3) and surface hardness (SH, n = 6). Subsequently, enamel specimens (6 × 4 × 2 mm3) were prepared and submitted to a demineralizing/remineralizing process to produce a subsurface caries-like lesion. The specimens were treated with one of the following materials: ICON infiltrant, DMG (control); ICON + nanofibers of poly-lactic acid (PLA)-filled with silica (PLA-SiO2); ICON + nanofibers of (PLA)-filled with calcium incorporated into a silica network (SiO2–CaP). Then, the specimens were subjected to a pH-cycling demineralizing/remineralizing model for 7 days at 37 °C. The %ΔSH change (after treatment), %SH loss and %SH recovery (after pH-cycling regimen) were calculated after SH evaluation (n = 9/group). The Ca/P weight ratio before and after pH-cycling regimen was evaluated through SEM/EDX. The results of DC were analyzed through the T-test (p < 0.05). ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p < 0.05) was performed for hardness and EDX. A significant SH increase was observed in the ICON/SiO2CaP group (p < 0.05). The ICON/PLA-SiO2 presented higher DC values than the control group (p = 0.043). All groups presented significant difference in %ΔSH (p < 0.05), although the specimens treated with ICON/SiO2CaP presented greater values. Regarding the %SHL and %SHR, the ICON/SiO2CaP and ICON/PLA-SiO2 were significantly different compared to the control group (p < 0.001). However, no difference was observed between the ICON/SiO2CaP and ICON/PLA-SiO2. The Ca/P ratio showed that the ICON/SiO2CaP and ICON/PLA-SiO2 after the pH-cycling regimen differed from sound enamel and modified infiltrants before pH-cycling. In conclusion, tailored hybrid nanofibers may be incorporated into enamel resin infiltrants without compromise the mechanical properties of such experimental materials. These latter can inhibit the demineralization of enamel and increase its hardness during pH-clycling challange.

Rationale behind a minimally invasive approach in the treatment of dental fluorosis

Modern epidemiology of dental fluorosis is characterized by its high global prevalence. Dental fluorosis is a chronic disease that develops before teething with prolonged ingestion of water or foods with a high content of fluorine compounds. In Russia, an increased concentration of fluorine in water is detected in more than 20 administrative regions. In addition, endemic areas can be assisted with anthropogenic factors, particularly certain chemical industry. Improvement of the novel treatment methods for fluorosis turns out to be important and relevant. For the treatment of various forms of fluorosis, sufficiently effective materials have been currently developed, characterized by convenience and ease of use, as well as safety for a patient. Their use alone or in combination allows achieving high aesthetic results and maximum patient satisfaction. The aim of this study is to measure the adhesive strength of the composite filling material to the Icon infiltrant (infiltration concept), as well as to compare it with the adhesion strength of the composite to the enamel using various adhesive systems. Icon was developed by the German company DMG and has been used worldwide since 2000. To assess the adhesive peel strength, 60 teeth with fluorosis and 60 intact teeth were examined. The largest values of the adhesive shear strength were identified in group 2 (the All bond universal adhesive system) and group 4 (the Icon etch), i.e. the approaches which contained MDP polymer. Overall, the results of our experimental study allowed considering the combined usage of the Icon infiltrant and the low-modulus composite material as a promising strategy in a routine dental clinical practice.

Evaluation of different surface treatment methods on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets on demineralized enamel.

Background and Objective: One of the ordinary problems throughout orthodontic treatment is bracket debonding , which affect treatment course and results in increased treatment duration and more clinical time for bonding again of failed brackets This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength(SBS) of brackets bonded to demineralized enamel pretreated with fluoride varnish (3M),sodium hypochlorite NaClO 5% and low viscosity Icon Infiltrant resin (DMG)and laser ( YAG) with fluoride and evaluation of the adhesive remnant index (ARI) on the deboned bracket. Materials and method: A total of 65 human maxillary premolar teeth were assigned in to five groups (n=13) Groups. The surface of all groups were submitted to demineralized solution, and the first groups was the demineralized group (left with no treatment), second and third groups (demineralized) were treated with fluoride varnish 5% (Clinpro White Varnish, 3m ESPE) and 5.5% sodium hypochlorite NaClO, fourth and fifth group (demineralized) were treated with Infiltrate resin (Icon, DMG) and laser (Er,Cr:YSGG laser,Waterlase® iPlusTM). Shear bond strength(SBS) was evaluated by means of a universal testing machine, and Stereomicroscope was used to determine (ARI) at x20 magnification. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 22). Kruskal Wallis test was used to analyze the bond strength data and adhesive remnant index (ARI). Results: Notable difference was observed in the shear bond strength of all groups. The bond strength of the demineralized group, which treated by fluoride varnish 5% (Clinpro White Varnish, 3m ESPE) was significantly lower than the other groups. According to the (ARI) most samples in all groups show score 0 which means the failure zone inside demineralized enamel surface Conclusion: Fluoride varnish, infiltrate resin (Icon, DMG) and laser were failed to improve SBS (shear bond strength) of brackets on demineralized teeth.

Resin Infiltration Versus Acid Micro-Abrasion In The Treatment Of Resin Infiltration Versus Acid Micro-Abrasion In The Treatment Of White Spot Lesions In Fixed Orthodontic Patients

Background: White spot lesions (WSls) are frequently occurring side effects of fixed orthodontic treatment. The lesions may progress to cavities. Their treatment is costly and time-consuming. Icon infiltrant and Opalustre are painless micro-invasive procedures that improve the color of the WSLs. Aim: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to compare resin infiltration and acid micro-abrasion. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients, with ninety post-orthodontic white spot lesions, were randomly divided into two groups. Icon resin infiltrant was applied in one group and Opalustre acid micro-abrasion in the other. The caries score was measured with ICDAS-II. The patients recorded their satisfaction on a VAS scale. Wilcoxon signed-rank test compared the two groups and the Friedman test compared the outcomes over time. Results: Compared to the pre-treatment, the ICDAS-II scores statistically decreased immediately after treatment, after 3 months, and after 6 months, in both groups. Compared to pre-treatment, the patient satisfaction increased immediately after treatment, after 3 months, and after 6 months, in both groups. Conclusion: Icon and Opalustre improve the color of WSLs. Color is stable over time. Patients are satisfied with the treatment results

Clinical Efficacy of Resin Infiltration Technique Alone or in Combination with Micro Abrasion and In-Office Bleaching in Adults with Mild-To-Moderate Fluorosis Stains

Background:The present study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of resin infiltration technique alone or in combination with microabrasion and in-office bleaching in adults with mild-to-moderate fluorosis stains on permanent maxillary anterior teeth at the end of 1 month.Materials and Methods:A total of 30 patients with nonpitted fluorosis stains on maxillary anterior were classified as mild (n = 15) and moderate (n = 15). Each grade is subdivided into three groups as Group A, Group B, and Group C. Group 1: Mild (score 2), Subgroup A: Resin infiltration (n = 5 patients), Subgroup B: Microabrasion followed by resin infiltration (n = 5 patients), Subgroup C: Microabrasion and bleaching followed by resin infiltration after 2 weeks (n = 5 patients). Group 2: Moderate (score 3), Subgroup A: Resin infiltration (n = 5 patients), Subgroup B: Microabrasion followed by resin infiltration (n = 5 patients), and Subgroup C: Microabrasion and bleaching followed by resin infiltration after 2 weeks (n = 5 patients). Microabrasion was performed with the opalustre kit from Ultradent according to the manufacturer's instructions. Pola office bleaching from SDI and Icon infiltrant was performed. Stain score, improvement in appearance score, need for further treatment, patient satisfaction score, tooth sensitivity immediately after treatment, 24 h and 72 h were recorded.Results:The mean appearance score in Group 1A was 73.60, in Group 1B was 72.87, in Group 1C was 65.27, in Group 2A was 68.00, in Group 2Bwas 72.93 and in Group 2C was 84.73. The mean need for further treatment score in Group 1A was 72.80, in Group 1B was 78.40, in Group 1C was 68.73, in Group 2A was 71.20, in Group 2B was 79.53 and in Group 2C was 88.73. The mean patient satisfaction score in Group 1A was 91.40, in Group 1B was 95.20, in Group 1C was 98.00, in Group 2A was 90.20, in Group 2B was 99.40 and in Group 2C was 100.00. There was a significant difference in mean tooth sensitivity immediately after treatment between Groups 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, and 2C. There was a significant difference in mean tooth sensitivity after 24 h between Groups 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, and 2C.Conclusion:Resin infiltration technique in combination with bleaching and microabrasion technique found to be effective in the management of dental fluorosis.

Experimental self-etching resin infiltrants on the treatment of simulated carious white spot lesions

ObjectivesTo evaluate the penetration depth (μm) of experimental resin infiltrants containing different percentages of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and phosphoric acid 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate ester (PAM) in artificial carious white spot lesions (WSL). Methods: WSL were produced in 65 bovine flat enamel specimens by pH cycling protocol, which were treated with either Icon (control) or experimental acidic infiltrants based on different percentages of TEGDMA and PAM monomers (acidic), and their association or not with previous acid-etching with phosphoric acid. Ten readings using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy were conducted on each specimen and the penetration depth was calculated from the surface until the deepest point with the fluorescent dye Rhodamine B (0.02 mg/mL). The pH and the viscosity of the experimental infiltrants were also tested. Data were statistically analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α < 0.05). Results: The material factor and the interaction material*acid-etching were statistically significant. The lowest penetration depth was observed for the samples treated with the commercial infiltrant after etching with 15% hydrochloric acid. When specimens were pre-treated with PA, highest penetration was seen for specimens treated with 100% TEGDMA, which differed from all other groups. The lowest penetration was seen for those treated with 50:50 TEGDMA:PAM infiltrants. When specimens were not previously etched, highest penetration was seen for Icon, which differed only from those treated with 25% TEGDMA 75% PAM, where the lowest values were seen. The values of viscosity increased and the pH decreased with the addition of PAM in the infiltrant formulations. Conclusion: the association between TEGDMA and PAM seems to allow similar infiltration depth reached by Icon infiltrant without acid etching the enamel surface.

Evaluation of dental enamel color after fixed orthodontic therapy using two types of protectors to prevent white spot lesions (A prospective clinical study)

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the color change ∆E of the dental enamel following treatment with 2 kinds of protector (icon infiltrant, clinpro varnish) before fixed orthodontic treatment to avoid the possible white spot lesions. Materials and Methods: Fifty four subjects treated with fixed appliances were divided into 3 groups: the 1st group was control, while the 2nd and 3rd groups were treated with icon infiltrant and clinpro varnish before bonding procedure, respectively. Color parameters (L,a,b) were recorded for the middle and gingival thirds before and after bonding procedure to get the ∆E of each group. Results: One-way ANOVA test showed a non-significant difference in ∆E between the 3 groups at p value &lt;0.05, while there were highly significant differences in value of ∆E between middle thirds and the gingival thirds in all groups. Conclusion: The icon infiltrant and clinpro varnish have no effect on color of the enamel when used before the bonding procedure. Color change ∆E occurring in middle third is higher than that of the gingival third. Keywords: Color change, protector, white spot lesions

A modern method of treating initial caries for children using the infltration method

Relevance. The modern method of infiltration provides an opportunity to stop the spread of pathogenic bacteria and the development of caries at the white spot stage, replacing the destroyed enamel cells with special polymers having low viscosity and high penetrating ability. The stabilization of the process is achieved in a short time with the maximum safety of their tissues. Purpose. Treatment of initial tooth decay in children by infiltration, assessment of the effectiveness and advantages of modern technology. Materials and methods. Clinical examination was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Additionally, a laser diagnostic method was used using the KaVo DIAGNOdent device (Germany). The LLP Dentistry Center «Zhaik Dent» and the LLP «Concept» used the Icon system for the treatment of initial caries and after orthodontic treatment for 25 children with 54 teeth. Results. At the end of tooth treatment with the Icon infiltration method, parents and the child were given recommendations: from the next day, brush your teeth 2 times a day, rinse your mouth regularly after eating, do not drink drinks, products with coloring substances. To monitor the result of treatment, the child was prescribed for reexamination after 7-10 days, after one month, in the following periods – once a year.After working with the material of the Icon system, the authors noted the pronounced effects of the treatment of initial caries by the method of infiltration.Conclusions. 1. The method of infiltration is a modern and promising technology for the treatment of dental caries at an early stage without losing healthy tissues. 2. The Icon infiltration method makes it possible to stop the spread of pathogenic bacteria and develop tooth decay at the white spot stage, replacing the destroyed enamel cells with special polymers having low viscosity and high penetrating ability. 3. The stabilization of the carious process is achieved in a short time with the maximum preservation of the tooth's tissues.