IBM Team Research Articles

Research on the Construction Path of IBM’s Learning Team Enterprise

The foundation of a company's success lies in its internal management and team building. With the change in times and economic environment, the company also needs to establish different teams and construct different organizational cultures to adapt to the new environment. As an excellent team can bring more benefits to the company, the construction of an organizational culture is particularly important. However, the organizational culture cannot be established to fit the team at once; it should go through a series of attempts and innovations, constantly finding problems, solving problems, and creating new types that are more suitable for the company. In this article, through the case of how IBM built its learning team, we analyze the challenges IBM has faced and how IBM can solve these problems. Case studies can prove the correctness of the theory. This study is based on the path of IBM's team construction, trying to come up with solutions to problems facing the company. Firstly, introduce the current situation and analyze the challenges the company has faced, then give solutions to the problems in specific situations. There is no common structure that adapts to all organizations, every company should choose the structure that fits its strategy and environment.

TRAINING OF GROUP MODEL CLINIC SUPERVISION IN DOCUMENTATION OF NURSING CARE AT SANSANI HOSPITAL, PEKANBARU

Documentation of nursing care is the responsibility of nurses in improving the quality of nursing services. Nursing documentation is an indicator of quality in assessing the quality of services provided by nurses. Good supervision can improve the competence and performance of nurses in the room. Supervision is a manager's professional support in providing assistance and direction to nursing staff to develop their abilities and competencies of nursing staff. Sansani Hospital in documenting care has made a policy that the application of nursing care documentation is according to standards, but the implementation is still not up to standard. The implementation of supervision in the documentation by the supervisor has not been optimal. Therefore, the IbM team will conduct clinical supervision training for the model group in documenting nursing care. IbM is carried out for 1 year, while the targets in this IbM are the head of the room and the team leader at Sansani Hospital. The solutions offered are socialization of clinical supervision and documentation of nursing care and simulation of the implementation of group model clinical supervision. IbM's output target is clinical supervision training on a group model in nursing care documentation developed in the form of modules and publications in online media. After the training, it was found that there was an increase in knowledge about the supervision of the model group in the documentation of nursing care.

Enzymes enter automated synthesis-planning picture

IBM researchers have added enzymatic reactions to their artificial intelligence–powered synthesis-planning software RXN. The algorithm can work backward to propose a series of reactions that use enzymes instead of classical chemical catalysts to arrive at a target molecule ( Nat. Commun. 2022, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28536-w ). Using biocatalysts could mean faster, greener reactions. IBM initially launched the software, RXN for Chemistry, to predict the outcomes of chemical reactions. It has since been updated to let users draw a molecule and ask the program to suggest synthetic routes to produce it—a process called retrosynthesis. Accurately forecasting the products of biotransformations has been a stumbling block for retrosynthetic planning, however. The IBM team got around this with its new approach, training the algorithm on four biochemical reaction databases. RXN has about a 40% success rate of planning a synthesis that uses enzymes, and the system has pointed out some errors in the databases

Application of science and technology for farmer groups facing the cabbage caterpillar explosion in The Village of Sembalun Lawang, East Lombok Regency.

The implementation of science and technology for community (IbM) farmer groups who are facing the problem of the cabbage caterpillar population explosion was carried out in Sembalun Lawang Village, East Lombok Regency. The IbM activity was designed based on the agreement between the IbM team and the Village Head of Sembalun Lawang together with the Sangka Bira Farmers Group and the Sebun Kedit Farmers Group in Sembalun Lawang Village. IbM activities are carried out with the stages of socialization, practice, and tutorials with various media used including blackboards, LCDs, manuals (leflet), seeds, saplings, specimens, and leaf dry powder of jayanti plants (S. sesban). Partners also provide media for this IbM activity, which includes cabbage plantations and water facilities. The results achieved at this stage are that farmers in Sembalun Lawang Village recognize jayanti plants as a source of natural insecticides, are skilled at drying leaves properly and making leaf solutions from Jayanti plants and trying to apply them as natural insecticides to control cabbage caterpillars on cabbage plants. The results of trials by farmers showed that direct administration of 50 ppm Jayanti leaf solution could kill 52 to 56% of cabbage caterpillars on cabbage plants. If the Jayanti leaf solution was stored for the previous 24 hours, then 50 ppm of the solution could only kill 15 to 16% of cabbage caterpillars. After participating in this IbM activity, the farmers were also able to identify the type of parasitoid insect, Diadegma semiclausum, which can control the cabbage caterpillar population. The outputs of this IbM activity include 1) Farmer's Guide Book (leflet) Making and Application of Insecticides from Jayanti Plants for Integrated Control of Cabbage Caterpillars, 2) IbM results publication at national seminars (poster presenter certificate), and 3) Publication of IbM results in national scientific journal (submitted). The next stage to be carried out is to monitor and continue the mentoring (tutorial) by the team to IbM participants in the implementation of Jayanti plant cultivation and the manufacture and use of Jayanti insecticide in controlling cabbage caterpillars on cabbage plantations in Sembalun Lawang Village, East Lombok Regency.The implementation of science and technology for community (IbM) farmer groups who are facing the problem of the cabbage caterpillar population explosion was carried out in Sembalun Lawang Village, East Lombok Regency. The IbM activity was designed based on the agreement between the IbM team and the Village Head of Sembalun Lawang together with the Sangka Bira Farmers Group and the Sebun Kedit Farmers Group in Sembalun Lawang Village. IbM activities are carried out with the stages of socialization, practice, and tutorials with various media used including blackboards, LCDs, manuals (leflet), seeds, saplings, specimens, and leaf dry powder of jayanti plants (S. sesban). Partners also provide media for this IbM activity, which includes cabbage plantations and water facilities. The results achieved at this stage are that farmers in Sembalun Lawang Village recognize jayanti plants as a source of natural insecticides, are skilled at drying leaves properly and making leaf solutions from Jayanti plants and trying to apply them as natural insecticides to control cabbage caterpillars on cabbage plants. The results of trials by farmers showed that direct administration of 50 ppm Jayanti leaf solution could kill 52 to 56% of cabbage caterpillars on cabbage plants. If the Jayanti leaf solution was stored for the previous 24 hours, then 50 ppm of the solution could only kill 15 to 16% of cabbage caterpillars. After participating in this IbM activity, the farmers were also able to identify the type of parasitoid insect, Diadegma semiclausum, which can control the cabbage caterpillar population. The outputs of this IbM activity include 1) Farmer's Guide Book (leflet) Making and Application of Insecticides from Jayanti Plants for Integrated Control of Cabbage Caterpillars, 2) IbM results publication at national seminars (poster presenter certificate), and 3) Publication of IbM results in national scientific journal (submitted). The next stage to be carried out is to monitor and continue the mentoring (tutorial) by the team to IbM participants in the implementation of Jayanti plant cultivation and the manufacture and use of Jayanti insecticide in controlling cabbage caterpillars on cabbage plantations in Sembalun Lawang Village, East Lombok Regency.

30 years of moving atoms

Thirty years ago this week, scientists turned science fiction into science. By picking up one atom at a time and using a handful to draw the letters I, B, and M on a solid surface, researchers at IBM’s Almaden Research Center in San Jose, California, showed that controlling matter at the atomic scale wasn’t a futuristic dream; it was real, and it was here, and it was now. For 22 h over Nov. 9 and 10, 1989, Donald M. Eigler and Erhard K. Schweizer used the ultrasharp tip of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) to pick up 35 xenon atoms and spell IBM in 5 nm tall letters on a cold nickel surface (shown). By the end of the experiment, the IBM team recorded a microscope image of the masterpiece—published several months later (Nature 1990, DOI: 10.1038/344524a0)—that created a scientific sensation and was displayed in newspapers around the globe. “The

Cross -check Digital sebagai Alternatif Uji Banding Pemeriksaan Mikroskopis Malaria secara Manual di Kulon Progo

Malaria is an infectious disease in tropical countries including Indonesia which causes serious clinical manifestations and even death. Indonesia Ministry of Health targets that malaria is eliminated from this country by 2030. In Java, malaria is targeted to be eliminated by 2015. However, elimination has not been achieved because some areas, including Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta still experience outbreaks (Kejadian Luar Biasa) in recent years. As microscopic diagnosis is a gold standard diagnosis for malaria, thus accurate microscopic examination is important. Disappearance of malaria cases in malaria pre-elimination areas causes laboratory workers/microscopists are less exposed to experience in identifying malaria. As part of quality assurance, continuous quality control is expected to maintain the accuracy of malaria diagnosis in endemic areas. However, the cross-check sistem as a part of this quality control strategy still has constraints, such as: transportation costs, limited human resources and irregularity. Ibm team of Faculty of Medicine UGM has successfully developed a digital microscopic cross-check sistem. This method is able to bridge the distance and time constraint also transportation costs of slide submissions to be cross-checked to the referral laboratory. Our study partners were microscopists of Kulon Progo Primary Health Centers (Puskesmas) facilitated with digital devices installed in a microscope. Partners were trained to: 1. take microscopic images of suspected malaria parasites and 2. familiarize with digital cross-check sistem. The successful implementation of digital malaria cross-check is expected to improve the accuracy of malaria diagnosis and assist the Government in malaria elimination program especially in Kulon Progo. This system has been registered to obtain Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (registration number C00201705928) and is waiting the copyright.

64-qubit quantum circuit simulation

Classical simulations of quantum circuits are limited in both space and time when the qubit count is above 50, the realm where quantum supremacy reigns. However, recently, for the low depth circuit with more than 50 qubits, there are several methods of simulation proposed by teams at Google and IBM. Here, we present a scheme of simulation which can extract a large amount of measurement outcomes within a short time, achieving a 64-qubit simulation of a universal random circuit of depth 22 using a 128-node cluster, and 56- and 42-qubit circuits on a single PC. We also estimate that a 72-qubit circuit of depth 23 can be simulated in about 16 h on a supercomputer identical to that used by the IBM team. Moreover, the simulation processes are exceedingly separable, hence parallelizable, involving just a few inter-process communications. Our work enables simulating more qubits with less hardware burden and provides a new perspective for classical simulations.

Large-scale application of IBM Design Thinking and Agile development for IBM z14

In this paper, we describe the application of IBM Design Thinking and Agile development for the IBM z14 project. We discuss the adoption of IBM Design Thinking practices and its impact on the development and client reception of IBM z14. Furthermore, we show how the design direction of the IBM z14 system was iteratively shaped by involving key members of client organizations (“sponsor users”) early in the development process. Next, we discuss how applying Agile practices in a hardware/firmware environment—with iterative development and test, playbacks, and continuous integration—allowed for faster course correction and delivery on a challenging schedule. This paper provides a case study for the adoption of IBM Design Thinking and Agile practices, which were originally designed for small team operations, and the challenge of applying them to a large-scale development organization such as the IBM team developing the z14 with more than 1,000 engineers.

PEMANFAATAN POTENSI PEPAYA SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT DESA TAMBAK KECAMATAN MOJOSONGO KABUPATEN BOYOLALI

Tambak Village is one of the villages in Mojosongo Subdistrict which has various natural potentials, one of them is papaya cultivation. Although supported by abundant agricultural products, but the community has not been able to optimise the potential of the region owned. The farmers have not been able to respond the market opportunities and make some innovation of the production and marketing of agricultural products. It is caused by the limited appropriate technology, the lack of investment and the limited access if the farmers to information. Therefore it is necessary to increase the farmer’s access to information, support the development of innovation of papaya cultivation, and effort to empower the farmers through a training. This public service activity is a follow-up if the programme of the thematic Real Work Course of Sebelas Maret University in 2014 in Tambak Village, Mojosongo, Boyolali. The IbM team provided technological assistance (scissors machine and cup sealer machine), training for knowledge and skills enhancement in business management of papaya chips production, increasing the supply of the raw materials with the Village Headman of Tambak ( Partner 2 ), expansion of market network, and sustainable assistance ( monitoring, advocacy, education, information ). In carrying out the main activities, the public service team cooperates with the Women Farmer Group “Delima” and the government of Tambak Village. Through the programme, the farmers are able to increase the economic value of papaya, so that ultimately they can improve the welfare of the economy and increase the community skills.

IBM breakthrough leads to first 5-nm chip

An IBM-led research team has demonstrated a fabrication process that makes semiconductor chips featuring 5-nm transistors. Current state-of-the-art chips on the market have 10-nm transistors. An IBM team demonstrated 7-nm chips less than two years ago. The research team constructed the chips with stacks of silicon nanosheets. The method is an alternative to the current FinFET three-dimensional transistor architecture for cramming circuitry onto chips. Semiconductor makers will continue to use FinFET when they begin manufacturing 7-nm chips next year, but they have been looking for a new method to push into even smaller sizes. To make the 5-nm chips, the researchers also used extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, which allows for the continuous adjustment of the nanosheet width and the fine tuning of circuit performance, IBM says. IBM is also using EUV lithography on 7-nm chips. “For business and society to meet the demand of cognitive and cloud computing in the

The United States Air Force and Ibm: Transformation Through Partnership

A partner in the public sector operations strategy practice of International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) must prepare for a briefing for United States Air Force (USAF) senior leadership proposing ways for the USAF to recognize significant cost savings and continuous process improvements in its Financial Services offices (FSO). Presently, each of the approximately 100 USAF bases around the world has its own local FSO that provides pay and travel processing and customer support. Similar processes are performed at each location. Staffing and quality assurance are managed locally, and legacy systems have been modified over time in response to local preferences. The IBM team has collected a vast amount of base-level process data and conducted focus groups with USAF financial management leadership, FSO personnel, and FSO customers; the partner's team must analyze the Current State and deliver a comprehensive set of cost savings' recommendations to maintain the current level of services proficiency. Excerpt UVA-OM-1447 Rev. Mar. 26, 2018 The United States Air Force and IBM: Transformation through Partnership Scavello's Dilemma Rob Scavello had graduated from the Darden School of Business in 1994 and was now a partner in the public sector operations strategy practice of International Business Machines Corporation (IBM). Scavello needed to prepare for a briefing with United States Air Force (USAF) senior leadership. His briefing would propose opportunities for the USAF to recognize significant cost savings and continuous process improvements in its financial management (FM) operations. Previously, the USAF had partnered with IBM to guide it through one of the largest transformations in its history. Now the IBM team had just collected a vast amount of data on the USAF's FM organization; Scavello's team had to analyze the data and deliver a comprehensive set of cost savings recommendations. USAF airmen were currently engaged in combat in two major wars. Any cost saving benefits called for changes that would cause potential disruptions. The positions and responsibilities of USAF airmen could also change as new and improved FM processes were implemented. Scavello reasoned that any recommendation his team provided USAF senior leadership must consider and mitigate any unavoidable disruptions resulting from implementing those recommendations. What would be the best course of action? Scavello opened his laptop and began to examine the data collected by the IBM team. . . .

DES S-box generator

ABSTRACTThe Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a cryptographic algorithm, designed by IBM, that was selected to be the national standard in 1977 by the National Bureau of Standards. The algorithm itself was entirely published, but the design criteria were kept secret until 1994 when Coppersmith, one of the designers of DES, published them. He stated that the IBM team already knew about the attack called differential cryptanalysis during the design of the algorithm and that it had an effect on choosing the S-boxes. To be more specific, he mentioned eight design criteria that all the S-boxes of DES are based on. How the S-boxes were generated is a mystery, as the legend says this was outsourced to the NSA. Indeed, building a set of S-boxes respecting these criteria is not a trivial task.In this article, the authors present an efficient S-box generator respecting all criteria and more. Coppersmith’s design criteria served as a basis, but were strengthened for better resistance to linear cryptanalysis. While other researchers have already proposed S-box generators for DES satisfying either non-linearity or good diffusion, our generator offers both. Moreover, apart from suggesting a new set of eight S-boxes, it can also very quickly produce a large pool of S-boxes to be used in further research.

IbM PENYUSUNAN PENILAIAN AUTENTIK BAGI GURU SEKOLAH DI PONPES DARUL FIKRI BAWEN

Abstract Low motivation of teachers in implementing authentic assessment becomes the basis for IbM team to carry out extension activities. Authentic assessment has actually been around a long time, but this issue arose when the curriculum was launched in 2013. During this time, most of the teachers at school in the field only make an assessment test course, not many people touched assessment tests that are written. Through activities of IbM Authentic Assessment Preparation Training for Teachers of Pesantren Darul Fikri Bawen, participants are expected to conduct a written assessment, performance assessment, product assessment projects, portfolio assessment, and manage the mark using computer-based process. Prior to socialization, teachers must first take pretest and post test. Pre test shows an average score of 89.65 while the average of post-test scores shows 97.6. During the activities, the participants felt helped and gave a positive response to organized similar activities. Keywords: Preparation, Assessment Authentic, Darul Fikri Boarding School Teacher

IBM POWER7+ design for higher frequency at fixed power

The IBM POWER7+™ microprocessor is the next-generation IBM POWER® processor implemented in IBM's 32-nm silicon-on-insulator process. In addition to enhancing the chip functionality, implementing core-level and chiplet-level power gating and significantly increasing the size of the on-chip cache, the chip achieves a frequency boost of 15% to 25% compared with its predecessor at the same power. To achieve these challenging goals and deliver a serviceable power-frequency limited yield (PFLY), the IBM team made significant innovations in the post-silicon hardware-tuning methodology to counteract the inherent process variability and developed new PFLY models that account for several sources of variability in power and frequency. The paper describes the new methodology and the models, provides analysis of the sources of variability and their impact on power and frequency, and describes the work done to achieve correlation between the models and hardware measurements.

The Dawn of Statistical ASR and MT

I am very grateful for the award you have bestowed on me. To understand your generosity I have to assume that you are honoring the leadership of three innovative groups that I headed in the last 47 years: at Cornell, IBM, and now at Johns Hopkins. You know my co-workers in the last two teams. The Cornell group was in Information Theory and included Toby Berger, Terrence Fine, and Neil J. A. Sloane (earlier my Ph.D. student), all of whom earned their own laurels. I was told that I should give an acceptance speech and was furnished with example texts by previous recipients. They wrote about the development and impact of their ideas. So I will tell you about my beginnings and motivations and then focus on the contributions of my IBM team. In this way the text will have some historical value and may clear up certain widely held misconceptions.

How successful companies challenge conventional wisdom about the limits to growth

PurposeGrowth is the top priority on the CEO agenda, but the question they confront is “What factors constrain growth?” And, “How do successful companies drive growth?”Design/methodology/approachIBM Institute for Business Value conducted a global study that focused on three questions: Who are the successful growers and what patterns are associated with them? What do successful growers do differently? How can other companies apply what they do?FindingsThe major finding were: that limits to growth are often self‐imposed and, as such, can be overcome; firms with the will to be successful growers can break free of perceived constraints related to size, industry boundaries and geographic neighborhood; and despite the widely held belief that mergers and acquisitions inherently destroy value for the acquirer, companies that learn to become successful growers use M&A strategies effectively.Research limitations/implicationsLooking at 1,238 Global S&P 1200 companies, the IBM team analyzed the patterns of revenue growth and shareholder value creation over the decade, segmenting results by four component geographies and 18 industry groups. It selected three industries (consumer products, telecom services and electronics) for detailed assessment, developing cases studies for about 20 companies in each industry, picked to represent a range of successful and unsuccessful results.Practical implicationsWinning the growth game requires companies to excel in three vital areas: course, capability and conviction. Successful growers set the right growth direction – the course – by forming a clear point of view on the future, evolving the product‐market portfolio without being limited by history, building a competitive model to win and pursuing reinforcing initiatives to sustain growth. They truly understand their capabilities – based on realistic assessments of their strengths and limitations – and evolve their operational model to support the growth strategy. Finally, while many companies develop excellent plans, truly successful growers build organization‐wide conviction that translates intent into action for everyone from top leaders to front line managers.Originality/valueThe message is clear: neighborhood is not destiny. Executives have more room to be ambitious than they tend to believe. Winning companies set ambitious growth plans regardless of industry or geographic “limits.” They aim for targets above and beyond what they and their peers typically expect.

On the need for a process for making reliable quality comparisons with industrial data

Many factors influence quality data obtained from industrial case studies making comparisons difficult. In this paper, two longitudinal industrial case study experiences are shared which illustrate the complications that can arise. The first is a case study of an IBM team that transitioned to the use of test-driven development. The primary quality measure was functional verification test defects normalized by lines of code. The second case study was performed with an Extreme Programming team at Sabre Airline Solutions. Both test defects and field defects were compared. In both case studies, differences existed which made the comparisons indicative but not absolute.

IBM and Verisign form security team

IBM and Verisign form security team

IBM and Baltimore Technologies team up

IBM and Baltimore Technologies team up

Shell, IBM and Dassault Systemes team up for pilot project

Shell, IBM and Dassault Systemes team up for pilot project