Hypothesis H0 Research Articles

Social Cluster and Heritage Memory: A Study on the Space Perception of Zhaozhou Basin Horse Caravan Vernacular Architecture

Located in Dali, Yunnan, the Zhaozhou basin is home to many precious architectural heritages, particularly the historical horse caravan architecture. These buildings face the challenge of renewal and transformation. It is of great significance to explore the local population’s awareness of the architectural heritage of the horse caravan in order to protect the architectural heritage and facilitate rural revitalization. This study reviews the related research on “space perception”, establishes a theoretical framework of space perception under the architectural dimension, and develops hypotheses. The social cluster of typical settlements in the Zhaozhou basin is selected as the research object, and empirical analyses are carried out using SPSS and AMOS software. An analytical framework model of empirical research is constructed to evaluate the space perception of the current social population. The results of the reliability and validity tests of the questionnaire show that the CR is greater than 0.7 and that the AVE is greater than 0.5. The value of the structural equation model fitting index χ2/df is 1.863, which is less than 3. The model test results show that research hypotheses H1–H5 are supported; that is, space perception has a significant positive impact on cognition and local identity, cognition has a significant positive impact on local identity and space function, and place identity has a significant positive impact on space appeal. This study demonstrates the relationship between space perception and the architectural remains of the horse caravan, and it analyzes the human psychological perception behind the material space. The findings support the need for further conservation of the horse caravan architecture. This study further deepens the theory of space perception and its application in the study of vernacular architecture, which can provide a research path for the protection and development of vernacular architectural heritage.

Use of interrupted time series methods in the evaluation of the Jordanian National Strategy for Women Empowerment (JNSWE) from 2013 to 2017 and its gender action plan for STEM field

AbstractEven though we have varied backgrounds, experiences, roles, and privileges in the community research field, we are all committed to studying equity theory and associated literature in educational contexts. The purpose of this evaluation is to assess the Jordanian national strategy for women's empowerment from 2013 to 2017 and its gender equality program in its efforts to increase Jordanian women's representation in scientific studies, achieve gender equality, and empower all women and girls, in addition to the goals related to other objectives. This analysis considers interrupted time series methods (randomized controlled trials) to measure the impacts of Jordanian National Strategy for Women Empowerment (JNSWE). Pre‐ and post‐policy periods were compared. Trend, regression analysis, r and r2, and the Mann–Whitney U test were utilized. The impact of this strategy delivers impressive results. This evaluation indicates that between 2013 and 2017, the JNSWE was effective in increasing Jordanian women's presence in STEM studies due to addressing gender inequality, the gender pay gap, and training deficiencies in the field. The first hypothesis was accepted (Z = −2.812, P > .005, df = 11), and the JNSWE's implementation from 2013 to 2017 increased the number of Jordanian women in science. The execution of the JNSWE (2013–2017) supported the representation of Jordanian women in telecommunications more than before, and Hypothesis H2 was accepted (Z = −2.892, P > .004, df = 11). Ultimately, Hypothesis H3 was approved (Z = −2.254, P > .024, df = 11), and the JNSWE's implementation from 2013 to 2017 increased the number of Jordanian women pursuing careers in engineering and mathematics. In this sense, this evaluation is innovative and responsive to the rising calls and concerns of feminists to empirically address the low presence of Jordanian women in scientific studies science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, known by the acronym STEM, and seeks to eliminate all forms of gender bias against women in the public spheres, including pay inequality. Included are the study's recommendations for further research.

The Influence of Discipline and Learning Management on Student Learning Outcomes in Islamic Religious Education Subjects at SMP Negeri 12 Gorontalo

Discipline, as an integral component of education, holds significant sway in shaping and molding behavior to align with the values imparted through education. It serves as a powerful tool to influence, motivate, guide, and foster personal growth. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of discipline on student learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 12 Gorontalo. 2) The objective of this study is to examine the impact of learning management on students' learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 12 Gorontalo. 3) The aim of this study is to examine the impact of discipline and learning management on students' learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 12 Gorontalo. The research methodology employed is quantitative in nature, utilizing a survey-based approach and employing various data collection techniques such as questionnaires, documentation, and observation. The findings of this study indicate that there is a significant correlation between discipline (X1) and learning outcomes (Y). This is supported by the statistical significance value. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that the discipline variable (X1) has a significant influence on the learning outcome variable (Y). The significance value of 0.90 indicates that the influence is greater than the accepted threshold of 0.05. Additionally, the calculated t value of 1.717 is also greater than the critical t table value of 1.293, further supporting the significance of the relationship. Based on the analysis, it can be inferred that the hypothesis H1 is accepted, indicating that the discipline variable (X1) has a significant impact on the learning outcome variable (Y). The relationship between Learning Management and the learning outcome variable is evident in this study. Based on the statistical analysis, the significance value for the influence of the learning management variable (X2) on the learning outcome variable (Y) is 0.740, indicating that it is greater than the threshold of 0.05. Additionally, the calculated t value is 0.334, suggesting a small effect size. Based on the t table value of 1.293, it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted, indicating a significant influence of the learning management variable (X2) on the learning outcome variable (Y). The significance value of the influence of the discipline variable (X1) and the learning management variable (X2) on the learning outcome variable (Y) is 0.164, indicating a small effect size. The calculated f value is 1.852, while the f table value is 3.12.

Employee Performance is Affected by Work Environment and Work Motivation, with Job Satisfaction Acting as a Mediating Variable

ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this study is to comprehend and examine the relationship that exists between employee performance, the work environment, and work motivation. Additionally, the role that job satisfaction plays as a mediator in this relationship will be examined. The research population consists of all 67 employees of the Central Statistics Agency Office of Maluku Province.Methodology: The PLS-SEM approach is utilized to analyze the data, and SmartPLS 3.0 software is employed as tool for statistical testing.Findings: At a 5% level of confidence, the hypotheses H1, H2,H4 and H5 are accepted, and the path coefficient values are positive, but H3 and H6 rejected.Conclusion: Employee performance is positively and significantly impacted by work motivation. Employee performance is positively and significantly impacted by the work environment. Employee performance is unaffected by job contentment, while job satisfaction is unaffected by work motivation. The relationship between work motivation and employee performance is not mediated by job satisfaction. The relationship between work environment and employee performance is mediated by job satisfaction, although it is a negative relationship. This indicates that although job satisfaction has a major impact on employee performance, it degrades the link between motivation and work environment.

Joint Statistical Inference for the Area under the ROC Curve and Youden Index under a Density Ratio Model

The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a valuable statistical tool in medical research. It assesses a biomarker’s ability to distinguish between diseased and healthy individuals. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) and the Youden index (J) are common summary indices used to evaluate a biomarker’s diagnostic accuracy. Simultaneously examining AUC and J offers a more comprehensive understanding of the ROC curve’s characteristics. In this paper, we utilize a semiparametric density ratio model to link the distributions of a biomarker for healthy and diseased individuals. Under this model, we establish the joint asymptotic normality of the maximum empirical likelihood estimator of (AUC,J) and construct an asymptotically valid confidence region for (AUC,J). Furthermore, we propose a new test to determine whether a biomarker simultaneously exceeds prespecified target values of AUC0 and J0 with the null hypothesis H0:AUC≤AUC0 or J≤J0 against the alternative hypothesis Ha:AUC>AUC0 and J>J0. Simulation studies and a real data example on Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method and highlight its advantages over existing methods.

تنفيذ نموذج تعلم الكتابة بضوء التفكير الإبداعي (التعلم بالمشروع PJBL والتعلم بحل المشكلة PSL)

The creative thinking-based learning model can develop students' divergent thinking in learning, including learning writing skills. Previous research showed low enthusiasm for learning and incomplete academic results. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing a writing skills learning model based on creative thinking with project-based learning (PJBL) and problem-solving-based learning (PSL). This research used a quantitative approach with 55 students in the fifth semester of the Arabic Language Education Department (PBA) at STIQ Amuntai. This type of research is a quasi-experiment using pre-tests and post-tests in one group. The data test is a paired sample test using t-test statistics with the help of the SPSS application. The result was effectiveness of implementing the learning model, with the difference in academic achievement results for writing skills of 12.26, the results of t -4.801, and the results of significance sig. (2-tailed), namely p-value = 0.000 > ɑ (0.05), which indicates that hypothesis H0 is rejected and hypothesis H1 is accepted.

The analysis of quality of life of patients with glioblastoma after adjuvant radiation therapy

Background. Optimizing approaches to the treatment of patients with glioblastoma (GB) is an urgent task partly owing to the wider implementation of hypofractionated radiation therapy (HRT) regimens. At the same time, increasing survival without maintaining the patient’s quality of life (QoL) cannot be considered successful treatment. Purpose – to analyze QoL of patients with GB after adjuvant radiation treatment in the groups of standard and hypofractionated radiation regimens. Materials and methods. 159 patients with verified GB, who had undergone surgery in State Institution «Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» over the period from 2014 to 2020, were divided into two groups according to the regimen of RT: SRT group (n = 49) – standard regimen (total dose 60.0 Gy in 30 fractions over 6 weeks); HRT group (n = 110) – hypofractionated regimen (total dose 52.5 Gy in 15 fractions over 3 weeks). The patients were surveyed about QoL three times during their follow-up (3, 6 and 12 months after RT) according to the Global Health Status Scale (GHSS), domains of insomnia and fatigue of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (QLQ-C30 version 3.0). Statistical analysis was performed separately for each group (SRT and HRT; intragroup analysis), as well as between SRT and HRT groups as comparison of independent groups with a different number of follow-up examinations for each period of the follow-up (intergroup analysis). Results. The H0 hypothesis about the absence of statistically significant difference between the results of three subsequent surveys according to the GHSS, domains of insomnia and fatigue in both SRT (p = 0.00003; p = 0.00002; p = 0.00002, respectively) and HRT (p = 0.00000; p = 0.00001; p = 0.00001, respectively) groups in the intragroup analysis according to the Friedman test was rejected. The pairwise comparison of the results of the second and the first survey (6 vs. 3 months) according to the Wilcoxon test showed a statistically significant decrease in QoL in the domain of insomnia (р = 0.000733) in SRT group and in the domain of fatigue (р = 0.016813) in HRT group. When comparing the results of the third and the second survey (12 vs. 6 months), the H0 hypothesis for all the studied parameters of QoL (GHS, insomnia, and fatigue) was rejected in both SRT and HRT groups (p ≤ 0.017 with the Bonferroni correction). When comparing the results of the third and the first survey (12 vs. 3 months), a statistically significant decrease in QoL in all studied parameters of QoL was observed: GHSS (р = 0.000078); fatigue (р = 0.000294); insomnia (р = 0.000318). The comparison of the results of these surveys in SRT group showed a statistically significant decrease of QoL in GHSS (р = 0.004650) and fatigue (p = 0.017938), with the level of statistical significance getting closer to the set critical value considering the Bonferroni correction. The intergroup analysis according to the Mann-Whitney U test showed a statistically significant advantage of HRT over SRT in all studied parameters of QoL in three subsequent surveys (p < 0.05). The ρ-test confirmed these data: HRT group patients had better parameters of QoL than SRT group patients over the whole period of the follow-up. Conclusions. The analysis of QoL according to the results of three subsequent surveys 3, 6, and 12 months after RT according to the GHSS, domains of insomnia and fatigue of the EORTC QLQ-C30 demonstrated a decrease in QoL of patients in both SRT and HRT groups. At the same time, a statistically significant advantage of HRT group over SRT group in all studied parameters of SRT was observed when the results of three subsequent surveys were compared. The proposed regimen of HRT for patients with primarily diagnosed GB may be considered an acceptable alternative to SRT in view of impact on QoL.

A Theoretical and Practical Approach to Exponential Relation between Innovation and Sustainable Development

A Aside from the political, geographic, economic, legal, social, and cultural problems that every nation, state, and government faces, it is evident that sustainable development is the key to sustainability, progress, and improving the quality of life. Achieving SDG targets has been seen as the primary trend for the past 15 years and the foreseeable future. In this direction, with an eye towards the fifth industrial revolution, innovation has been viewed as one of the primary production variables, along with land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship, to help address current and future difficulties facing humanity. This study aimed to shed light on the connections between innovation and sustainable development. To test Hypothesis H1, which states a positive solid relationship between the SDG Index and ISO 9001 Index, we conducted a statistical analysis using regressive analysis between the Sustainable Development Goals Index and Innovation Index. This was done to compare the results to Hypothesis H0, which suggests no such relationship exists. The research's findings indicate that scientific management of the factors of production opens up possibilities for long-term sustainable development, ensuring the prosperity of society and everyday life for future generations, encouraging economic growth, and improving the quality of life without endangering the environment. Innovation, embodied in the ISO 56000 family of standards, is applied as an efficient and effective tool, which is urgently needed. The overall conclusion of the study – which also serves as a practical and social contribution to the field – is that, to achieve and sustain sustainable development scenarios, all interested parties – individuals, public and private institutions, decision-makers, and civil society – should look forward to ensuring that the SDG and innovation are built and maintained. Innovation principles can be applied as effective and efficient tools.

Tātbiiq Nāmudhāj al-Mājmu’āh li Tārqiyyāh Nātiijāh at-Tālāamidh fii an-Nāhwi bi Mā’hād Dārussholāh Bāngkālān

This study aims to determine (1) the effectiveness of the application of the think pair share (TPS) model on the value of students' nahwu lessons. The method used in this research is quantitative with a Quasi Experiment approach. The subjects in this study were students at the Daeussholah boarding school in Bangkalan. The research sample amounted to 25 students. The instrument used by researchers is a written test. The data analysis technique used paired sample t-test using SPPS version 22. with the hypothesis H0 = there is no improvement from pre-test to post-test results after treatment, and H1 = there is an improvement from pre-test to post-test results after treatment. The results prove that after being given the treatment, namely the think pair share learning model, the average value of the experimental pos-test is greater (85.28) than the average value of the control class pos-test (77.78), through statistica l calculations it is known that the sig. (2-tailed) of the post-test in the experimental class and control class is smaller than 0.05, namely 0.000. The decision made from these results is H0: there is no significant improvement between the think pair share learning model and the qawaid and touch method in nahwu learning. Because, H1 is accepted, so it can be concluded that the think pair share learning model is effective for increasing the value of nahwu lessons for students at Pesantren Darussholah Bangkalan.

Unlocking Musical Brilliance: How Traditional Talempong Pacik Music Enhances the Intelligence of Children Aged 5-6 Years

This study aims to determine the effect of playing the traditional musical instrument Talempong Pacik on the musical intelligence of children aged 5-6 years. The research employs a quantitative approach using an experimental method. The sample consists of 21 children selected through simple random sampling. Data collection techniques include observation sheets to assess the development of children's musical intelligence. Data analysis is conducted using a t-test. The results show a significant influence of playing the traditional musical instrument Talempong Pacik on the musical intelligence of children aged 5-6 years, with a tₒ value greater than t_t (39.28 > 2.08), leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis (h₀) and acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (h₁). This indicates that playing the traditional musical instrument Talempong Pacik can be an effective means of supporting learning to develop children's musical intelligence.

The Role of Sensing Capability, Learning Capability and Coordinating Capability on Market Performance: Perspective of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of sensing capability, learning capability, and coordinating capability on the market performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). By examining these three critical capabilities, this research seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of how SMEs can leverage their internal resources and competencies to achieve superior market outcomes as a market performance in today's dynamic and competitive business environment. Study Design: This study employs a quantitative research approach using a cross-sectional survey design to gather data on SMEs' sensing, learning, and coordinating capabilities, as well as their market performance. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data were collected from 97 SME owners or managers who were selected based on the criteria of having been established for at least 3 years. Methodology: Data collection was done using a structured questionnaire administered through an online survey platform. The collected data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach. The analysis was conducted using SmartPLS 4.0 software and involved two stages: (1) measurement model assessment and (2) structural model assessment. Results: The analysis results confirm the convergent validity, internal consistency, composite reliability, and discriminant validity of the constructs: Sensing Capability (SC), Learning Capability (LC), Coordinating Capability (CC), and Market Performance (MP). Using SEM with SmartPLS V.4, the study found that sensing capability (β = 0.383, p < 0.05) and learning capability (β = 0.430, p < 0.05) significantly impact market performance, supporting hypotheses H1 and H2. However, H3 was not supported, as coordinating capability (β = 0.088, p > 0.05) did not show a significant relationship with market performance. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of sensing and learning capabilities for SMEs in Pontianak to enhance market performance. Coordinating capability may have an indirect effect. SME owners and managers should invest in these capabilities to adapt to market changes and maintain a competitive advantage. The findings contribute to the understanding of dynamic capabilities and provide practical insights for SMEs in West Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Design and Evaluation of Cafe Kahuripan Booking and Reservation Website User Interface with Design Thinking

Cafe Kahuripan is a business engaged in the culinary field where customers can order menus and rent a place. Currently, the process of ordering menus and renting a place is done manually with customers coming directly to the place or contacting the admin via WhatsApp listed on Facebook. However, there is a decrease in subscribers from 2021 to 2022 due to a lack of marketing which is only limited to Facebook and Whatsapp. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to design a website as a solution to make it easier for customers to order menus and rent places online. In this design, it is necessary to pay attention to a good User Interface (UI) in order to increase the level of user trust and satisfaction. The website must also have easy access that can be done anywhere. Cafe Kahuripan website user interface design uses the design thinking method. The design of the user section, there are several pages such as home, about us, menu, reservation, contact us, order status and reservation status. The design of the admin section, there is an admin dashboard, customer data, menus, orders and reviews. The result of this study is the design of the user interface for the Cafe Kahuripan website from the user side (front-end), which allows users to order menus and rent places online. The results of the usability testing which obtained an average score of 79 is a good achievement and indicates that the UI design that has been carried out has succeeded in meeting user needs. Hypothesis analysis shows that the hypothesis H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, this is in accordance with the average score of the System Usability Scale (SUS). Respondents' feedback was analyzed and improved according to the suggestions given based on the priority level to produce a better website for users.

Exploring the Role of Human Capital in Mediating the Impact of Fraud Prevention Planning and Development Planning on the Welfare of Society

Village funds play a crucial role in local development, especially in rural areas often marginalized in national development. However, a case study in South Aceh Regency highlights misuse of these funds through fictitious projects and price manipulation, harming public finances and hindering local economic growth. The study surveyed the entire population of 260 villages in South Aceh Regency. Using a formula considering 28 variable indicators and 4 research dimensions, a minimum sample size of 112 respondents was determined. The sample included Village Officials, Finance Section Heads, Development Section Heads, and Tuha Peut (village elders), and was increased to 120 respondents to ensure representativeness and reliability. Data analysis, conducted using Smart PLS software with the SEM model. The results indicate significant positive relationships between Fraud Prevention and The Welfare of Society p value 0.002, as well as between Development Planning and Human Resources p Value 0.006. These findings suggest that effective fraud prevention measures and robust development planning efforts contribute to enhancing overall well-being and human resource capacity in rural communities. They emphasize the importance of implementing strategies addressing financial integrity and socio-economic development concurrently to drive sustainable progress. Conversely, hypotheses H2, H3, and H5 are not supported by the analysis, indicating no significant relationships between Fraud Prevention and Human Resources p value 0.919, Development Planning and The Welfare of Society p value 0.458, as well as Human Resources and The Welfare of Society p value 0.637.

Gendered choices of labour market integration programmes: evidence from the United States

PurposeWe investigate whether women are more likely than men to choose to pursue a competency-based labour market integration programme, rather than the time-based labour market integration programme. We further investigate whether women with existing but uncertified skills are even more likely to pursue a competency-based labour market integration programme.Design/methodology/approachWe test our hypotheses using ordinary least squares applied to linear probability models. We discuss the relative advantages of this methodology. We show the robustness of our results through multiple specifications and estimation methods. Finally, we discuss the reasons preventing us from granting our results a causal interpretation and discuss how they are surmountable in future research.FindingsWomen are significantly more likely to enrol into competency-based programmes, relative to time-based. Women with existing but uncertified skills are significantly more likely to enrol into competency-based programmes, whereas women without skills or with college degrees are not significantly different from the baseline. Our findings are robust to various specifications, and we include a comprehensive set of fixed-effect vectors, addressing industrial, occupational and time-varying state specificities.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, our empirical test of hypothesis H2 is hindered by the construction of the “some college or associate’s degree” variable in RAPIDS data. “Some college” is very different from an associate’s degree. Second we had to choose between omitted variable bias and selection bias. Because of the demonstrated importance of the occupation and industry variables in existing literature, we included those variables at the risk of selection bias. Occupation and industry fixed effects reduce, but do not eliminate, omitted variable bias. Finally, the third limitation of this paper is external validity. Registered Apprenticeship programmes are quite idiosyncratic to the United States.Social implicationsThe rollout and expansion of CBRA may thus be an avenue through policymakers may reduce the gender training gap. This may in turn give more women access to the labour market and allow more women to benefit from the “wage premia” of Registered Apprenticeship completion on the labour market (Lou and Hawley, 2019).Originality/valueThis article is the first that applies econometric methods to investigate women’s choices of labour market integration programmes, using Registered Apprenticeship as a case study. We discuss the implications of our findings, highlighting how competency-based programmes may be an approach to better serving more diverse populations in Registered Apprenticeship.

Factors of Social Networking Influencing Tourists' Destination Selection in Ho Chi Minh City

Objective: The overarching objective of this study is to identify the salient factors within social networks, specifically Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube, and their impact on tourists' decision-making processes in selecting Ho Chi Minh City as a destination. Subsequently, we offer managerial recommendations aimed at aiding tourism enterprises in Vietnam to enhance their understanding of the social network components that positively influence tourists' choices to visit. Furthermore, we suggest potential avenues for performance enhancement to optimize advertising effectiveness across social media platforms, including Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube. Theoretical Framework: To date, numerous international research endeavors have scrutinized the determinants within social networks that shape tourists' intentions and decision-making processes regarding travel destination selection. However, within the Vietnamese context, scholarly investigations have predominantly centered on factors such as pricing, destination imagery, quality, and allure, while neglecting to explore the influence of social network factors on tourists' decisions regarding destination selection in Ho Chi Minh City. Consequently, the thematic focus on "Factors of Social Networks Influencing Tourists' Destination Selection Decisions in Ho Chi Minh City" represents an evolutionary progression from antecedent research studies, albeit purposefully tailored and refined by the researcher to align with their specific research aims. Method: The quantitative data gathered aimed to systematically examine and comprehend tourists' behaviors in their decision-making processes regarding destination selections facilitated by social media platforms. Employing an online survey hosted on Google Forms facilitated the data collection endeavor. The survey instrument featured a Likert scale spanning from 1 to 5, encompassing response categories delineated as follows: (1) Strongly Disagree, (2) Disagree, (3) Neutral, (4) Agree, and (5) Strongly Agree. Results and Discussion: Following the regression model analysis conducted on a dataset comprising 307 survey samples, the researcher observed the rejection of one initial research hypothesis, denoted as H1, while five subsequent hypotheses, namely H2, H3, H4, H5, and H6, were accepted. This determination was made based on the statistical significance values (Sig.) obtained from the t-test results presented in Table 4.19. Notably, factors with Sig. > 0.05 were deemed lacking in statistical significance, indicating a negligible influence on the dependent variable. Specifically, hypothesis H1, which pertained to the subjective norm factor, was rejected due to its Sig. value exceeding 0.05 (Sig. = 0.651). Conversely, the five accepted hypotheses (H2, H3, H4, H5) all demonstrated Sig. values below 0.05 (Sig. = 0.000). In summary, the study effectively achieves its predetermined objectives by identifying and analyzing five social media factors influencing tourists' destination selection decisions in Ho Chi Minh City. Additionally, the research assesses the magnitude of their impact and examines disparities in research outcomes across different customer segments in Ho Chi Minh City concerning travel destination decisions. Based on these findings, the researcher proposes managerial implications to support tourism businesses in Vietnam intending to utilize social media platforms for advertising. These implications aim to furnish essential insights for selecting and prioritizing key factors when designing advertising campaigns on social media, thereby enhancing brand effectiveness.

Factors of Social Networking Influencing Tourists' Destination Selection in Ho Chi Minh City

Objective: The overarching objective of this study is to identify the salient factors within social networks, specifically Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube, and their impact on tourists' decision-making processes in selecting Ho Chi Minh City as a destination. Subsequently, we offer managerial recommendations aimed at aiding tourism enterprises in Vietnam to enhance their understanding of the social network components that positively influence tourists' choices to visit. Furthermore, we suggest potential avenues for performance enhancement to optimize advertising effectiveness across social media platforms, including Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube. Theoretical Framework: To date, numerous international research endeavors have scrutinized the determinants within social networks that shape tourists' intentions and decision-making processes regarding travel destination selection. However, within the Vietnamese context, scholarly investigations have predominantly centered on factors such as pricing, destination imagery, quality, and allure, while neglecting to explore the influence of social network factors on tourists' decisions regarding destination selection in Ho Chi Minh City. Consequently, the thematic focus on "Factors of Social Networks Influencing Tourists' Destination Selection Decisions in Ho Chi Minh City" represents an evolutionary progression from antecedent research studies, albeit purposefully tailored and refined by the researcher to align with their specific research aims. Method: The quantitative data gathered aimed to systematically examine and comprehend tourists' behaviors in their decision-making processes regarding destination selections facilitated by social media platforms. Employing an online survey hosted on Google Forms facilitated the data collection endeavor. The survey instrument featured a Likert scale spanning from 1 to 5, encompassing response categories delineated as follows: (1) Strongly Disagree, (2) Disagree, (3) Neutral, (4) Agree, and (5) Strongly Agree. Results and Discussion: Following the regression model analysis conducted on a dataset comprising 307 survey samples, the researcher observed the rejection of one initial research hypothesis, denoted as H1, while five subsequent hypotheses, namely H2, H3, H4, H5, and H6, were accepted. This determination was made based on the statistical significance values (Sig.) obtained from the t-test results presented in Table 4.19. Notably, factors with Sig. > 0.05 were deemed lacking in statistical significance, indicating a negligible influence on the dependent variable. Specifically, hypothesis H1, which pertained to the subjective norm factor, was rejected due to its Sig. value exceeding 0.05 (Sig. = 0.651). Conversely, the five accepted hypotheses (H2, H3, H4, H5) all demonstrated Sig. values below 0.05 (Sig. = 0.000). In summary, the study effectively achieves its predetermined objectives by identifying and analyzing five social media factors influencing tourists' destination selection decisions in Ho Chi Minh City. Additionally, the research assesses the magnitude of their impact and examines disparities in research outcomes across different customer segments in Ho Chi Minh City concerning travel destination decisions. Based on these findings, the researcher proposes managerial implications to support tourism businesses in Vietnam intending to utilize social media platforms for advertising. These implications aim to furnish essential insights for selecting and prioritizing key factors when designing advertising campaigns on social media, thereby enhancing brand effectiveness.

The Analysis of Economic Condition of Street Vendors in Jayapura City Post Covid-19 Pandemic

The analysis of differences in the income of street vendors during the pandemic and after the Covid-19 pandemic was analyzed using the paired sample t-test method using the SPSS 27 for Windows program. Data analysis was carried out in two stages, first as a requirement to perform paired sample t-test analysis. The second is to test the research hypothesis, for the analysis requirements in the form of a data normality test, the data normality test uses the OneSample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. All parametric assumption tests were performed at a significance value of 5%. The results of the analysis in this study show that the total production during the Covid-19 pandemic was 2,876 units/day. Meanwhile, the post-pandemic production amounted to 6,068 units/day. Total income during the Covid-19 pandemic was IDR 122,591,634/month. Meanwhile, the total income after the Covid-19 pandemic was IDR 396,852,124/month. After testing using the SPSS-27 program, it shows that the value of Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 < α = 0.05. Then reject the hypothesis H0 and accept the hypothesis H1. Thus, statistically there is a significant difference in the income of street vendors in Yahim Village, Yabansai District, Jayapura City during the pandemic and after the Covid-19 pandemic. This means that street vendors' income has increased after the Covid-19 pandemic

Pengaruh Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan (Sub sektor makanan & minuman)

The aim of this research is to empirically test that leverage, sales growth and company size influence profitability simultaneously or partially. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression, with a sample of 12 food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the IDX. Partial research results: H1: there is no influence of the leverage variable (X1) on the profitability variable (Y), so hypothesis H1 is rejected; H2: there is an influence of the sales growth variable (X2) on the profitability variable (Y), so hypothesis H2 is accepted; H3: there is an influence of the company size variable (X3) on the profitability variable (Y), so hypothesis H3 is accepted. Simultaneously, it can be interpreted that the variables leverage (X1), sales growth (X2) and company size (X3) together influence the profitability variable (Y). Meanwhile, the determination test provides information about the coefficient of determination value, namely the contribution or influence of variables X1,

Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua dengan Interaksi Sosial pada Teman Sebaya pada Siswa Kelas Va di SDN 1 Bukit Tunggal Palangka Raya

Parenting plays a significant role in shaping a child's personality. The issue of parenting arises due to the lack of parental attention towards their children, often because parents are preoccupied with work. This phenomenon is observed at SD Negeri 1 Bukit Tunggal in Palangka Raya, where there is a lack of social interaction among peers, as seen from children's behavior, such as preferring to be alone, having poor communication with peers, and lacking empathy, which results in low sensitivity to their social environment. This study aims to examine the relationship between parenting styles and peer social interaction among Grade VA students. Method: The research design used was a correlation study with a cross-sectional method, aimed at identifying the correlational relationship between two variables. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires and the Spearman Rank statistical test, administered to 36 students in Grade VA. Results: The significance value of the relationship between parenting styles and social interaction at SDN 1 Bukit Tunggal was 0.548 > 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis H1 was rejected, indicating that there is no relationship between parenting styles and peer social interaction among Grade VA students at SDN 1 Bukit Tunggal, Palangka Raya. Conclusion: There is no relationship between parenting styles and peer interaction in the process of shaping children's personalities, based on the research results.

ANALISIS KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN PENGGUNA INDRIVE DI KOTA PALEMBANG

User satisfaction will encourage them to use InDrive services, the results of the exploration with users reveal several problems such as server down and the application map display is not as intended to cause customer dissatisfaction with InDrive services. From this, it is hoped that this research will be a solution to the problem. To analyze the InDrive application, two kinds of methods are used, the ServQual and EUCS methods. The total number of respondents distributed was 100 people. The results of the analysis of the service quality level of the InDrive application in Palembang are Positive (+), with the results of the gap test between user perceptions and user expectations as a whole showing a value of 1.310, indicating that the InDrive application in Palembang has met user expectations. In the EUCS method, the results of the analysis of the Content Variable 4.08, Accuracy 4, Format 4.04, Ease of Use 3.96, and Timeliness 3.99 obtained the results of the analysis at the "Satisfied" satisfaction level. In hypothesis testing h0 and h1, h0 is concluded to have no effect on user satisfaction and h1 is concluded to have no effect on service quality.