Hypertension In Young People Research Articles

The Radiology of Chronic Pyelonephritis

CHRONIC pyelonephritis is a generic term meaning different things to different people. To perhaps the majority it signifies the small, coarsely scarred kidney of what is also known as atrophic pyelonephritis, which gives rise to hypertension in young people, or, if it is bilateral to renal failure and death. To some it embodies a histological picture which may be found in many conditions and which it is not always possible to associate closely with infection. To the clinician it means recurrent or relapsing urinary infection, and it is notoriously lacking in clearly defined clinical features in many instances. To the bacteriologist it is a state in which abnormal numbers of bacteria appear, or may be caused to appear, in the urine from time to time. There is in fact no single entity which includes all these requirements, all the time. Nor indeed were it reasonable to expect one in so complicated an organ, any more than the term 'chronic lung infection' might be expected to refer to suppurative pneumonitis rather than cavitating tuberculosis. Radiology's contribution to this subject is that it can define a coarse renal scar by excretion pyelography, and it enables both Wan early diagnosis to be made and the natural history of the disease to be studied. The sign of a scar is a localised loss in thickness of the renal substance. There is usually disappearance of the adjacent pyramid also. (Fig. 1). The definition of this lesion, therefore, depends on the demonstration, during pyelography, of both the renal outlines and the calycine details, which in turn depends on care with radiographic technique and the preparation of the patient's abdomen before examination. We have shown that this is a perfectly possible everyday matter in a busy X-ray department. (Fig. 2). Such scarring is essentially irregular in its distribution, albeit it tends to occur in certain patterns. It is therefore to be distinguished from the uniform change seen equally throughe........

Electrocardiographic changes in hypertension in young people

Of the 246 dispensaries from 16 to 35 years old, there were 119 women, 127 men. Stage I was found in 85.3% and stage II in 14.7%. The duration of the disease up to 3 years was in 8.6%, up to 8 years in 70.2% and more in 21.2%. Systolic pressure did not exceed 150 mm in 43.7%, it was above 150 mm in 56.3%. Diastolic pressure up to 90 mm was observed in 42.3%, above 90 mm - in 57.7%. Resting ECGs rarely showed disturbances in rhythm, conduction, changes in systolic readings, or in the position of the electrical axis of the heart.

Hypertension in young people

Most cases of hypertension in the absence of renal disease fall on people who have passed their 4th decade of life. However, it is relatively not uncommon, according to the observations of Mog'a and Voiv, for essential hypertension, with pressure of 145-215 mm Hg, to be observed also in young sub-people. This hypertension is expressed in the latter by the same sub-ective disorders as in elderly people, but often does not give any seizures at all.

BLOOD PRESSURE IN UNIVERSITY FRESHMEN AND OFFICE PATIENTS

What is the average blood pressure for a man or woman of a given age? How common is hypertension in young people? What is its significance, particularly in early life? These are some of the questions which occurred to me after taking the blood pressures on 265 men called in the closing days of the second draft. 1 Although clinical experience had led me to expect a high incidence of hypertension in young men, it had not prepared me for the finding that in this particular series there were more with pressures over 130 mm. than under; and very many with pressures between 160 and 275. It was soon clear that this group did not represent a fair sampling from the community because so many were rejects from the recruiting offices; that is, most of the physically fit had gone to war and the unfit were left. On turning to the