Hypertension In Residents Research Articles

A study of the M235T variant of the angiotensinogen gene and hypertension in a sample population of Calabar and Uyo, Nigeria

A common molecular variant of the angiotensinogen gene had been reported to predispose some ethnic groups to hypertension. This case–control study was designed to determine the frequency and association of the angiotensinogen M235T allele with hypertension in residents of Calabar and Uyo cities, south–south Nigeria.The study involved 1308 subjects, 612 patients and 696 controls. The M235T variant was investigated using an allele specific polymerase chain reaction and enzymatic digestion to determine allele frequencies. Hypertensinogenic factors such as dietary habits, physical activity, smoking and drinking habits were assessed using questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data obtained.The M235T allele frequency was high (0.94 for hypertensives and 0.96 for controls) though it was not associated with hypertension status. The odds ratio for hypertension was 0.64 (95% confidence interval: 0.39–1.06) there were no significant differences between the genotype frequency of hypertensives and controls. By multiple regression, Hypertension was observed to be associated with age and was a predictor for systolic blood pressure in both patient r2=0.359; p<0.05 and control groups r2=0.26.Age and body mass index were predictors for diastolic blood pressure in the control group, r2=0.28.Although the frequency of the M235T variant was high, it was not a significant risk factor for hypertension in the study population.

Blood pressure and hypertension in relation to levels of serum polychlorinated biphenyls in residents of Anniston, Alabama

To determine risk factors for elevated blood pressure and hypertension in residents of Anniston, Alabama who live near a plant that manufactured polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). A total of 758 Anniston residents had multiple measurements of blood pressure, provided information on demographic factors, medications, smoking, and exercise, and provided blood samples for determination of PCBs and total serum lipid. Rates of hypertension increased significantly (P < 0.05) with age and concentration of serum PCBs and were higher in African-Americans (n = 351) than in whites (n = 407). Hypertension also increased with BMI, but was not related to total serum lipid, sex, smoking, or exercise. Among 394 persons not on antihypertensive medication, linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant positive relation between serum PCB level and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. After adjustment for potentially confounding variables, logistic regression gave odds ratios for the highest to lowest tertiles of total serum PCBs that exceeded 3.5 for both systolic and diastolic hypertension. When analyzed by quintiles of PCBs, the highest odds ratio was in the third quintile, suggesting a low dose effect. In individuals not on antihypertensive medication, serum PCB levels were significantly associated with prevalence of hypertension. Significant positive associations were also observed between PCB concentrations and systolic and diastolic blood pressure even in normotensive ranges. The strength of the relationships between PCB exposure and both hypertension and blood pressure suggests that PCB exposure may be an important contributing factor in regulation of blood pressure.

&lt;b&gt;Prevalence, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Residents of Skilled Nursing Facilities&lt;/b&gt;

To determine the prevalence, treatment, and control of hypertension (HTN) in elderly residents of skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). To determine variables that may influence the treatment and control of HTN in residents of SNFs. Concurrent medical record review of SNF residents who had resided at a facility for a minimum of 30 days. Twelve SNFs in western Iowa and eastern Nebraska. All residents studied were living in one of the 12 SNFs, N=966. Data collected from each medical record included: demographic characteristics, past medical history, blood pressure (BP) taken over the preceding 30 days, and antihypertensive medications and their doses. The BP reading used to define BP control, or lack thereof, was based on the last recorded BP measurement in the medical record. The total percentage of patients with HTN was 77%. Of those with HTN, 71% had controlled BP and 29% had uncontrolled BP. The average number of antihypertensive drugs used was not significantly different between patients with controlled and uncontrolled BP. Multivariate analysis failed to identify any patient demographic characteristic or comorbidity that correlated with a higher rate of BP control. The number of antihypertensive drugs administered correlated significantly with BP control. The specific type of antihypertensive drug or drug combination did not correlate with BP control. Patients with controlled BP were significantly more likely to be receiving antihypertensive therapy at higher doses than patients with uncontrolled BP.

Incidence of Hypertension in Individuals with Abdominal Obesity in a Rural Japanese Population: The Tanno and Sobetsu Study

Although abdominal obesity (AO) assessed by waist circumference (WC) is an important component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), the usefulness of AO as a predictor of hypertension (HT) is not known. In this study, we investigated the incidence of HT in residents of two rural communities in Japan. The subjects were 187 men and 209 women selected from 712 residents who had undergone medical examinations in the towns of Tanno and Sobetsu, Hokkaido, in 1994 and 2002. Participants with HT in 1994 were excluded. Participants with AO were determined according to the WC criteria in the Japanese definition of MetS (> or = 85 cm for men, > or = 90 cm for women). The participants were divided into two groups: a non-AO group and an AO group. We compared the incidence of HT between the two groups and found a significantly higher incidence in the AO group. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the relative risk of developing HT in individuals with AO was 2.33 (p = 0.017; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-4.63) and that the risk per 1-cm increase in WC from 1994 to 2002 was 1.06 (p = 0.003; 95% CI, 1.02-1.10), both adjusted for several confounding factors. The results of this study suggest that, to prevent HT in Japanese, it is important to manage abdominal obesity and to monitor WC in individuals with or without abdominal obesity.

Hypertension and tissue metal levels following intravenous cadmium, mercury, and zinc.

ARTICLESHypertension and tissue metal levels following intravenous cadmium, mercury, and zinc Perry HM Jr, A Yunice, M Erlanger, E Schoepfle, and EF Perry Perry HM Jr, A Yunice, M Erlanger, E Schoepfle, and EF PerryPublished Online:01 Sep 1970https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1970.219.3.755MoreSectionsPDF (2 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByA study of relationship between blood mercury concentration and hypertension in residents living in old mine fields and related factors1 January 2019 | Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 31, No. 1Cadmium disorganises the scaffolding of gap and tight junction proteins in the hepatic cell line WIF B911 November 2013 | Biology of the Cell, Vol. 105, No. 12The effects of cadmium ions on blood pressure, dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity and on the responsiveness of in vivo preparations to sympathetic nerve stimulation, noradrenaline and tyramine12 April 2011 | Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Vol. 33, No. 1The impact of long-term past exposure to elemental mercury on antioxidative capacity and lipid peroxidation in mercury minersJournal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 17, No. 4Regulation of blood pressure with calcium-dependent dopamine synthesizing system in the brain and its related phenomenaBrain Research Reviews, Vol. 25, No. 1Hypertension induced by methyl mercury in ratsToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 89, No. 1The vascular endothelium as a target tissue in acute cadmium toxicityLife Sciences, Vol. 39, No. 16Cadmium and the Cardiovascular SystemStimulation and Depression of the RES by Pharmacological AgentsLead and Cadmium Effect on Host Defense Mechanisms and Toxic Interactions with Bacterial EndotoxinCadmium induced hypothermia in mice: Dose dependent tolerance developmentGeneral Pharmacology: The Vascular System, Vol. 15, No. 3Vascular intracardiac catheterization technique for multiphasic evaluation of rat heart in vivoToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 70, No. 2Mechanisms in cardiovascular regulation following chronic exposure of male rats to inorganic mercuryToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 69, No. 3Cadmium in animal and human healthThe association of selected hair minerals and anthropometric factors with blood pressure in a normotensive adult populationNutrition Research, Vol. 3, No. 1Teratogenicity, Toxicity and Perinatal Effects of Cadmium6 September 2016 | Human Toxicology, Vol. 1, No. 2Hair Element Concentrations and Hypertension in South Carolina7 September 2016 | Royal Society of Health Journal, Vol. 102, No. 1PROCEEDING OF THE JOINT MEETING OF THE Italian and British Pharmacological Societies19 July 2012 | British Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 72, No. 1PROCEEDINGS OF THE Briish Pharmacological Society: 9-11th April, 1980 UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL COMMUNICATIONS19 July 2012 | British Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 70, No. 1Excretion of cadmium and mercury in rat salivaToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 54, No. 1Tissue distribution and retention of cadmium in rats during postnatal development: Minimal role of hepatic metallothioneinToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 53, No. 2Factors affecting the acute pressor response to bolus cadmium injectionsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 2The effect of chelation on the fate of intravenously administered cadmium in ratsJournal of Comparative Pathology, Vol. 89, No. 1Influence of heavy metals on the in vitro interaction between human serum albumin and warfarinBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 27, No. 24CADMIUM ALTERS BEHAVIOUR AND THE BIOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY FOR CATECHOLAMINES AND SEROTONIN IN NEONATAL RAT BRAINJournal of Neurochemistry, Vol. 28, No. 4The Biology of CadmiumMedical Clinics of North America, Vol. 60, No. 4A Soluble Cadmium-Binding Component in Rat and Dog SpleenArchives of Environmental Health: An International Journal, Vol. 30, No. 10INTERACTIONS OF Cd++ AND CYSTEINE ON Ca++ CONTENT AND CONTRACTILITY OF ISOLATED AORTAS AND CARDIAC MUSCLESThe Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 25, No. 2Pressor Activity in Bovine Kidney HomogenateArchives of Environmental Health: An International Journal, Vol. 29, No. 2Lead, cadmium, endotoxin interaction: Effect on mortality and hepatic functionToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 28, No. 2Tissue composition of major and trace elements in uremia and hypertensionJournal of Chronic Diseases, Vol. 27, No. 3 More from this issue > Volume 219Issue 3September 1970Pages 755-761 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1970 by American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1970.219.3.755PubMed5450882History Published online 1 September 1970 Published in print 1 September 1970 Metrics