Hygiene Education Research Articles

Modes of Educating Teachers About Vocal Hygiene: A Comparative Study

Educating teachers about vocal hygiene can be a means of alleviation or prevention of voice problems in this population. The present study aimed to compare four modes of educating teachers in India (n=80) about vocal hygiene. Four groups of 20 teachers were exposed to educative material on the vocal hygiene program created for the present study. Each group received it either in audio mode delivered by the researcher posing as a voice therapist (VA); in audio mode delivered by a researcher posing as a teacher (TA); in written mode delivered by the researcher posing as a voice therapist (VW); or in written mode delivered by a researcher posing as a teacher (TW). The improvement in the knowledge of teachers before and after vocal hygiene education was gauged by administering a written questionnaire before and after the content that the teachers received. Results revealed that all four modes were effective in vocal hygiene education. However, no significant difference (P>0.05) in the improvement of knowledge in teachers across the four modes was seen although the relative mean difference was observed higher for TW mode than other modes. Individual item analyses revealed that some concepts were conveyed more effectively than others. This gave insights into improving the quality and efficacy of vocal hygiene programs in the future. Findings have implications in reaching out to remote areas and employing peer-to-peer teaching as an effective way of vocal hygiene education among teachers.

Społeczne aspekty edukacji higienicznej w Litwie Sowieckiej w latach 1944–1989: choroby weneryczne

Social aspects of hygienic education in Soviet Lithuania in the years 1944–1989: venereal diseases In Soviet Lithuania many fields of daily life fell under heavy political influence. Medicine and health care was no exception. The health care system that existed at that time was presented in public discourse as the best possible and beyond any criticism. However, the society suffered from diseases, e.g. venereal diseases, just like at any other historical period or political system. Therefore, preventive actions in fighting the diseases had to be organized. The medical doctors and hygienists had to inform society about the possible health risks. And at the same time, they also had to keep with the “red line” by not criticising the faulty social system, which was partly responsible for the social origins of the diseases. Or, in a case there was a need to criticise someone/something, they needed to find someone/ something to criticise, e.g. gay people, hippies.

Home Remedies (“Paati Vaidyam”) for Voice Disorders: Some Common Practices Among School Teachers

The study aimed to document the practices followed as home remedies to treat voice-related symptoms among school teachers. Cross-sectional study. A total of 385 school teachers from Chennai, India, participated in the study. Data were collected through six open-ended questions to elicit information about conventional remedial practices for voice-related issues. Responses from the participants were recorded and analyzed. Around 88% of the teachers in the study preferred to adhere to home remedies as their first treatment of choice when encounteringa voice problem. A few of the reported home remedies were simple preparations using turmeric (Curcuma longa), ginger (Zingiber officinale), honey, sugar palm (Arenga pinnata), rock candy, mint (Mentha piperita), and cumin seeds (Cuminum cyminum), taken in singly or in combinations. The study also noted specific remedies for a range of vocal symptoms such as throat pain, irritation, or voice tiredness asper the belief systems of people speaking Tamil. Home remedies, also known, as "Paati Vaidyam," are commonly used by Indian households to address health problems, including voice-related issues. The study indicated the prevalence and popularity of using home remedies for voice-related issues among teachers. The scientific logic or utility of these practices was explored in this study based on available information in voice literature. The information obtained is valuable for counseling (explaining local practice methods and available evidence) and education, keeping in mind the belief system, and practice methods of Tamils while imparting vocal hygiene education to the teachers.

Investigation of the Relationship Between Vocal Fatigue, Quality of Life, and Compliance With Vocal Hygiene in Professional Voice Users.

Intensive voice use may lead to the development of voice disorders or voice complaints, such as vocal fatigue, for professional voice users (teachers, academics, call center workers, actors, singers, speech and language therapists, voice trainers, and religious officials). Vocal fatigue has a detrimental effect on occupational, emotional, and social performance, besides the quality of life of the individual. The effect of voice hygiene interventions on voice fatigue is not fully known. The results of studies conducted with different occupational groups are inconsistent. The present study aims to analyze the relationship between vocal fatigue and voice-related quality of life (V-RQOL) in professional voice users, and the impact of vocal hygiene on vocal fatigue. Participants (24 male, 90 female), who were professional voice users without any diagnosis of voice disorders or voice complaints were divided into two groups low vocal hygiene compliance (LVH; n=66) and high vocal hygiene compliance (HVH; n=48). In this study, vocal fatigue was measured by the vocal fatigue index (VFI), and V-RQOL was measured by the voice handicap index (VHI-10) and V-RQOL. VFI subscales (tiredness, avoidance, physical discomfort) have a moderate positive correlation with VHI-10 and V-RQOL, which indicates that there is a significant relationship between vocal fatigue and quality of life amongst professional voice users. While there was no significant difference between the LVH and HVH groups in terms of quality of life, it was found that the vocal fatigue level of the LVH group was higher. This study of professional voice users with healthy voices reveals a relationship between vocal fatigue and V-RQOL. Vocal hygiene compliance may affect professional voice users' vocal fatigue symptoms; the low-compliant group has higher levels of tiredness, avoidance, and physical discomfort. The findings highlight the importance of raising awareness ofthe problems of professional voice users, even though they have healthy voices and the need for vocal hygiene education programs that target them.

Le parassitosi intestinali

Parasitic infections are still a major public health problem in developing countries. The paper presents the case of an 18-month-old girl taken by her mother to the paediatrics department of St. Luke’s Hospital in Wolisso, Ethiopia for general malaise, fever, asthenia and pallor for several days. On suspicion of anaemia, a hemochromocytometric examination was carried out, which showed severe microcytic anaemia, so it was decided to proceed with a whole blood transfusion, after a smear test for malaria parasites. Following a negative test for malaria, it was decided to proceed with a fresh microscopic examination of the faeces, which proved positive for hookworm eggs. Therapy with albendazole was then prescribed, at a dose of 200 mg per os as a single dose, with improvement in the clinical picture. This case underlines the importance of considering hookworm infection as a possible cause of severe anaemia, especially in areas where malaria is not endemic. It is essential to engage in hookworm infection control through preventive measures, such as hygiene, anti-parasite therapy and health education, to reduce the burden of disease in populations at risk. Moreover, a summary review of the main intestinal parasites is reported.

Hanna Wentlandtowa (1906–1994) – Woman-Soldier, Promoter of Education, Precursor of Health Education and Health Promotion

The article presents the professional, social, and academic profile of Hanna Wentlandtowa. Her work centred around the idea of spreading education and culture, which she pursued from the interwar period to the 1980s. As an ardent patriot, she served in the structures of the Home Army during World War II. Wentlandtowa’s achievements in the field of hygiene and health education are part of the development of the modern concept of health education.

Determining the Facilities for Maintaining Genital Hygiene and Genital Hygiene Behaviors among Women of Reproductive Age

Aim: This study was conducted to determine facilities for maintaining genital hygiene and genital hygiene behaviors among women of reproductive age. Materials and methods:This descriptive study was conducted with 301 women who presented to the gynecology outpatient clinic of a university hospital between August and October 2022. The study data were collected using a descriptive information form and the Genital Hygiene Behavior Scale(GHBS). Results:Participants' mean scores were found as 50.30±5.10 on the hygiene habits sub-dimension, 33.96±4.32 on the menstrual hygiene sub-dimension, 12.56±2.28 on the abnormal finding awareness sub-dimension, and 96.82±9.04 on the total GHBS. The mean GHBS scores of women who had primary education, lived in a large family, did not work in a paid job, had not received genital hygiene education, found their genital hygiene knowledge inadequate, had financial difficulties and felt embarrassed when purchasing genital hygiene products, had a fear of menstrual blood leakage, and experienced blood leakage accidents were lower (p<.05). While the most frequently used product for menstrual hygiene by 97.7% of women was sanitary pads, they also reported using washable pads (.7%), old clothes (.7%), washable period underwear (.3%), cotton (.3%), and toilet paper (.3%). It was determined that all of the women knew sanitary pads, 37.9% vaginal tampons, 27.2% washable pads, 26.2% washable period underwear, 15.3% menstrual cups, and 6% menstrual discs. Conclusion: In our study, although the mean scores of participants on genital hygiene behavior looked good, it was determined that the scores of some featured groups were low. In addition, it was determined that women did not have enough knowledge about sustainable hygienic products. Nurses and midwives should evaluate the genital hygiene behavior of the women who they provide care for and inform and provide them with counseling about deficient or faulty practices in terms of protecting and promoting their health.

A conceptual model using CliftonStrengths® to support dental hygiene students' professional development.

Professional development is instrumental in the ongoing success of healthcare professionals and students. The purpose of the second year of this 2-year study was to continue to apply the results from the CliftonStrengths® assessment to support entry-level dental hygiene students' professional development and to create a conceptual model for professional development in dental hygiene education. CliftonStrengths® was incorporated into didactic and community learning experiences throughout year two of the dental hygiene curriculum. At the end of year two, focus group interviews assessed student perceptions of professional strengths based on these learning experiences. Co-investigators used a qualitative analysis software program to identify codes and themes. Investigator triangulation and member checks were used to validate responses. All second-year dental hygiene students (n = 32) participated in year two of the study. Two themes were identified: relevance of CliftonStrengths® and professional development. Within the theme of relevance, the subthemes of adaptability, making connections and teamwork emerged. The theme of professional development yielded three subthemes: appreciation, personal and professional identity and insight. This study demonstrated CliftonStrengths® can be used to promote professional development among dental hygiene students. As a result, a conceptual model was developed for professional development in dental hygiene education. This model can be used as a framework for teaching and to improve student learning experiences.

THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION FOR ORAL HEALTH AWARENESS

This article seeks to examine the importance of education for oral health awareness. The general objective of this work was to understand the importance of education for oral health hygiene awareness. Even though we carry out many actions and create projects to improve the quality of education in Brazil, we cannot fail to highlight the need for such knowledge for other areas such as, for example, education and oral hygiene in schools. For theorists of this research such as Brasil (2000); Ferreira (2011); Rangel (2017), among others, state that promoting actions and carrying out projects can promote not only the knowledge necessary for prevention and the habit of hygiene and oral health, but there is also the possibility for the student to become a protagonist in this process, being responsible for bringing knowledge to other people in their socio-cultural environment. To carry out this work, bibliographical studies of books, scientific articles, dissertations, magazines and periodicals were carried out. For greater reliability on what was proposed to be researched in this work, a quantitative research will be carried out, through a diagnostic questionnaire composed of 6 (six) questions that will deal with the theme contained in this work, with the research subjects being: teachers, coordinators and public and private school managers in the municipality of Gravatá - PE. Through the results and information taken from the research questionnaires, and the percentages duly collected and measured, it will be possible to understand the importance of projects and actions at school aimed at education in health and oral hygiene. As the data is collected and the percentages presented, it will be possible to check whether there is a possibility that socio-economic and socio-cultural factors are contributing to the lack of health, hygiene and oral health.

"How I Am Brought into the Light": Representations of Childhood by Missionary Schoolgirls in East China, 1917–1930

Abstract: This article explores how missionary-educated Chinese schoolgirls applied childhood pedagogy that they learned at school to what they perceived to be the pressing demands of Chinese nationalism in the early twentieth century. Although there have been many studies of Christian schools in China from the missionary perspective, we know much less about how Chinese women themselves made sense of the education they received at missionary schools. Based on a study of two elite mission schools for girls in Republican-era East China, this article explores how girls applied child-rearing practices, hygiene, and domestic education to the children whom they taught in the vicinities of their schools. Like their missionary educators before them, they carved out new roles for themselves by claiming authority to speak for a downtrodden "other": Chinese children. In doing so, missionary schoolgirls created new knowledge about Chinese childhood in the early twentieth century.

치위생학 학제일원화를 위한 인식조사 분석

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of dental hygiene professors, current students, and dental hygienists about interdisciplinary unification.
 Methods: This study The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics, specific opinions on academic unification. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA.
 Results: The proportion of professors, 64.5% of dental hygienists, and 61.4% of students in favor of dental hygiene (majors) and academic unification was 84.0% (p<0.001). Regarding student competencies during the four-year transition, the overall mean for competencies was 4.09 for professors, 3.69 for students, and 3.51 for dental hygienists (p<0.001).
 Conclusions: Curriculum standardization is necessary for systematic and professional education in dental hygiene.

UNVEILING THE PRESENT LANDSCAPE OF MALNUTRITION IN INDIA: A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT

Achieving healthy diets and ending malnutrition, particularly among children, remains a formidable challenge, even as India, the worlds second-most populous nation, has witnessed consistent economic growth and attained food grain self-sufficiency. Despite these advancements, high poverty levels, food insecurity, and malnutrition persist. This article highlights the pressing issues of malnutrition in India. Undernourished children are more susceptible to infectious diseases, leading to higher mortality rates and diminished productivity in adulthood, further perpetuating the cycle of undernutrition. Based on NFHS surveys, the article presents a detailed analysis of crucial malnutrition indicators, including stunting, wasting, and underweight children. It reveals that Indias performance on global hunger indices remains a cause for concern, with the highest child-wasting rate globally and a serious hunger level. At the same time, some indicators have shown marginal improvement, but acute malnutrition in children under five remains challenging. The article emphasizes the role of non-economic factors such as gender discrimination, hygiene, and maternal education in perpetuating malnutrition. Additionally, it discusses the governments initiatives, including the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) and POSHAN Abhiyaan, in addressing the issue. The article calls for a renewed focus on the critical first 1000 days of a childs life and the effective promotion of intensive breastfeeding to combat malnutrition. It advocates for targeted interventions, improved data management, strengthened governance, and systematic monitoring to ensure a healthier future for Indias children and address the pressing issue of malnutrition.

Evaluation of Sleep Quality and Related Factors in Community-Dwelling Adults: Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA).

Sleep is a necessary physiological process that affects health. The current study aimed to evaluate sleep quality (SQ) and the related factors in Iranian community-dwelling adults. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Method: Population-based cross-sectional data from the first wave of the Ardakan cohort study on aging (ACSA) were analyzed. The analytical sample consisted of 5197 community-dwelling adults aged≥50. All data were collected by trained staff. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores were used to measure SQ. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify predictors of SQ. The mean age of the participants was 62.22±7.7 years, and 51.8% were female. About threequarters of them (76.36%) were found to have poor SQ (PSQI score≥5). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a relationship between SQ and gender, education, work, and financial level. Furthermore, SQ was found to be associated with self-reported health and physical activity. Regarding comorbidity, SQ had a significant relationship with cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, depression, and anxiety (P<0.05). The prevalence of poor SQ was high in these community-dwelling adults in Iran. These findings highlight the importance of intervention programs for sleep hygiene education and screening for middle-aged and older adults.

THREE YEARS FOLLOW UP REPLANTATION IN HEAVY SMOKER PATIENT: CASE REPORT

Tooth avulsion is different from all other dental injuries due to the extracorporeal situation with varying duration and degree of contamination of the teeth and the patient's systemic conditions. In a heavy-smoker patient, wound healing could be interrupted. Extra-alveolar handling, good replantation, and educating the patient could be the key to successful treatment of tooth avulsion, especially in a heavy smoker. The aim of this study is to discuss an avulsed tooth case that has been successfully treated by replantation in a heavy smoker. A 39-year-old female patient was refered to Siloam Hospital due to a dental trauma injury. The patient was in good general health, but she was a heavy smoker. Intraoral examination revealed that the maxillary left permanent central incisor was avulsed after the patient fell off in her bathroom. Replantation is a treatment of choice in this case. The avulsed tooth was stored in a saline solution. On one visit, root canal treatment was done on the avulsed tooth extra orally soon after the patient was refered to the AE department at Siloam Hospital. The avulsed tooth was replanted and fixed using an Erich arch bar to the previous position by finger pressure. Fix the Erich bar as far as possible to the distal and mesial of the avulsed tooth using circumferential wire in every single tooth. We decided to put the Erich bar from 15 to 25. The following oral hygiene cleaning, dietary instructions, and education to reduce or stop smoking during the healing process were given. Extra-alveolar handling, good replantation, good fixation, and adequate oral hygiene education are the keys to treating a tooth avulsion, even in a heavy smoker.

Evaluation of six radiomorphometric indices

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Purpose: Aging is accompanied by the gradual loss of teeth, which can cause several orofacial changes. This study aimed to compare panoramic radiomorphometric indices between dentate and totally edentulous patients.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: One hundred panoramic radiographs were analyzed to measure six indices using Clinview 9.3 software: the gonial angle (GA), antegonial angle (AGA), condylar height (CH), ramus height (RH), mental index (MI), and mandibular cortical index (MCI). An independent sample t-test and Chi-square was used to compare the means of the measured data between dentate and edentate subjects and genders.&#x0D; Results: In both genders, dentate people had greater left CH (p=0.05) and left GA (p=0.03). Men had greater RH in the dentate and edentate groups (p&lt;0.001). No correlation was found between groups and genders in MCI scores. &#x0D; Conclusion: CH index assessment as the function of the masticatory muscles and GA as residual ridge resorption were decreased in edentulous people. The findings highlight the importance of oral hygiene education and prosthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Desquamative Gingivitis, Oral Hygiene, and Autoimmune Oral Diseases: A Scoping Review

Desquamative gingivitis is a clinical condition with a chronic course, not specific to a particular disease, characterized by intense erythema, scaling, vesicles, and/or blisters that may involve both the marginal free gingiva (MG) and the neighboring adherent gingiva (AG). This scoping review aimed to investigate whether there is a correlation between oral hygiene and gingival lesions induced by autoimmune diseases of the oral cavity and whether periodontal disease can negatively influence a clinical picture of desquamative gingivitis due to an immune disorder of the oral cavity. Case series studies and randomized controlled trials were considered for this scoping review; studies that did not comply with the inclusion criteria were excluded. A total of seven studies were selected for this review. The PRISMA-ScR (preferred reporting items for scoping reviews) consensus has been followed. Based on the included studies, it is possible to state that improvement in disease and patient-reported outcomes may be the result of appropriate oral hygiene education when patients are found to have autoimmune diseases with gingival manifestations.

The Sleepio After Cancer (SAC) study. Digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I) in women cancer patients – Trial protocol of a randomised controlled trial

AimsThis study will assess the efficacy of digital CBT for insomnia (dCBT-I) compared to sleep hygiene education (SHE) for the management of insomnia in women with cancer. Background30% of patients with cancer meet insomnia diagnostic criteria and this can be detrimental to health outcomes. Insomnia disorder comprises a dissatisfaction with sleep quantity or quality characterized by difficulty initiating sleep, frequent awakenings, or early morning wakening without the ability to return to sleep, at least 3 nights per week, for at least 3 months, causing significant impairment or distress in areas of functioning. MethodsWe will recruit 308 women with a current or prior cancer diagnosis who are currently experiencing insomnia; defined as a score of 16 or less on the Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI). Participants will be randomised to dCBT-I or SHE. dCBT-I will be delivered online via 6 sessions. SHE will be provided in an online format. Assessments of sleep and other related parameters, through validated questionnaires, will be taken at 12 and 24 weeks following intervention. Once 24 week assessments are completed, participants will crossover to the alternate arm (either SHE or dCBT-I) and undergo a final assessment at week 36. OutcomesThe primary outcome will be the mean continuous change in SCI score in the intervention arm compared to the control arm at 24 weeks. Additionally, the proportion of women with an SCI > 16 at 24 weeks will be assessed. Secondary outcomes include fatigue, sleep related quality of life, depression, anxiety, and hot flush interference. RegistrationThis study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with number NCT05816460

Majówki i wycieczki szkolne jako forma pracy dydaktyczno-wychowawczej na łamach lwowskiej „Szkoły” okresu zaborów

The aim of the article is to present the debate on the teaching and educational effectiveness of school trips, described in Lviv “Szkoła”, the oldest Galician educational magazine –, from the moment the periodical was founded in 1868 until Poland regained independence. In the pages of this magazine, the leading representatives of the teaching community of the time, often professionally active teachers, expressed their opinions on the subject, analysing both the possibilities and the risks related to a broader use of these forms of teaching work. They often put forward original proposals regarding formal issues of the organisation of trips and outings, also referring to their own experiences in this area. The debate was not free from polemics but a majority of its participants positively assessed trips as a means of physical, health, hygienic and aesthetic education of students. The trips were also recognised to be a perfect opportunity to conduct illustrative geography or history lessons, and to shape civic and patriotic attitudes.

Sleep quality and duration: A key to life satisfaction among military students.

Military service is a demanding profession that requires high physical preparedness and mental endurance. At the same time, the demands of military duties often require early rising and shortened sleep duration. Such a reduction in sleep can reduce physical and mental performance, and these changes can be reflected in life satisfaction. For this reason, soldiers' life satisfaction is a crucial variable for their success and long-term service. This study examined the relationship between sleep quality, sleep duration, and life satisfaction in military medical students. The results on 35 military students showed that greater sleep quality corresponded to greater life satisfaction; this relationship was moderate and significant (r = -460, p = .005). Notably, participants (n = 17) who began to wake up without the use of an alarm clock reported an average of 11% higher life satisfaction than the participants who woke to an alarm clock; this difference between participants was statistically significant (p = .011, Cohen's d = .911). Pre- and post-intervention showed that sleep hygiene education could be a suitable solution to prevent sleep deprivation and positively impact life satisfaction. Our findings emphasize the importance of increased sleep hygiene education, especially in preparing future military officers and during military exercises. Prioritizing sleep hygiene in these ways can significantly increase soldiers' life satisfaction.

Emotional intelligence as a predictor of conflict management styles among dental hygiene students.

In dental hygiene education, a combination of ethics and professionalism, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills are utilized while managing conflict in academic settings, especially in academic clinical patient care settings. Limited evidence exists in determining whether emotional intelligence is related to conflict management styles (CMS). The purpose of this study was to determine whether relationships exist between emotional intelligence and CMS among undergraduate dental hygiene students. This quantitative cross-sectional survey research study involved a non-probabilistic sample of undergraduate dental hygiene students in the Western United States. The survey instrument consisted of three parts: 1. The Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II (ROCI-II) included 28 questions measuring 5 CMS; 2. The Emotional Quotient Self-Assessment Checklist (EQSAC) included 30 questions measuring 6 domains of emotional intelligence (EI); and 3. Demographic questions. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlational statistics and multiple linear regression. The responses from 92 participants were analysed. Most dental hygiene participants had EI scores in the moderate range and mainly used the collaborative and compromising CMS. Total EI scores were significant predictors of collaborative, compromising, accommodating and competing CMS. Improving EI scores may contribute to the increased use of the collaborative and compromising CMS in dental hygiene education.