Department Of Hygiene Research Articles

Commitment of the Department of Environment and Hygiene in Waste Management

This study aims to describe and analyze the commitment of the Environmental and Hygiene Service of Sidoarjo Regency in managing waste and the factors constraining commitment to waste management carried out by the Sidoarjo Regency Environmental and Hygiene Service. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. This resource determination technique uses a purposive sampling technique, which consists of 1 Head of Waste Management, 1 staff of Cleanliness, 1 waste officer, and 3 community members. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed by the method based on the concept of Milles and Hubberman. The results of this study indicate that: 1) The commitment of the Environmental and Hygiene Service (DLHK) of Sidoarjo Regency in the waste management program consists of three indicators of affective, normative, and continuity; 2) Constraints faced by the Environmental and Hygiene Service (DLHK) of Sidoarjo Regency in waste management, namely consistency and lack of budget.

Using Logistic Regression to Model New York City Restaurant Grades Over a Two-Year Period

A knowledge gap exists in the role of restaurant type on the prediction of attaining the highest grade possible from the local health inspection agency. This study identified disparities using logistic regression between the issuance of a Grade A and restaurant type and location. This study tested the eight most inspected types of restaurants within the City of New York and calculated the odds ratios of their receiving the highest inspection grade by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. A fitted equation has been proposed for the prediction of receiving the highest inspection grade based upon the citywide results of these eight restaurant types from calendar years 2011 and 2012. The results suggest that certain styles of restaurants have lower odds of receiving the highest grade in comparison to American-style restaurants

The Community Assessment to Inform Rapid Response (CAIRR): A Novel Qualitative Data Collection and Analytic Process to Facilitate Hyperlocal COVID-19 Emergency Response Operations in New York City.

All disasters are local but implementing a hyperlocal response in the midst of a public health emergency is challenging. The availability of neighborhood-level qualitative data that are both timely and relevant to evolving objectives and operations is a limiting factor. In 2020, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYC DOHMH) responded to the COVID-19 emergency using a novel, hyperlocal approach. Key to the implementation of this approach was the creation of the Community Assessment to Inform Rapid Response (CAIRR), a process for rapid collection and analysis of neighborhood-specific, objective-focused, qualitative data to inform tailored response operations. This paper describes the process of developing the CAIRR and its contribution to the NYC DOHMH's hyperlocal response in order to guide other jurisdictions seeking to employ a hyperlocal approach in future disaster responses.

The role of risk communication in radon mapping, risk assessment and mitigation activities in Sardinia (Italy)

Abstract. In 2014, the Sardinian Regional Department of Hygiene, Health and Social Security promoted the Regional Prevention Plan, which embraced the protection of the population from exposure to indoor pollutants, including radon gas. The programme foresaw: the drafting of “Guidance for the construction/renovation of buildings”; radon monitoring and mapping activities during a dedicated campaign based on geological surveying; a radon health impact assessment; community involvement and a radon risks communication campaign. The objectives of the programme were focused to protect Sardinian population from radon risk, with special reference to vulnerable and susceptible subjects, spread knowledge about risks and the opportunities to reduce them. Using a Health Impact Assessment procedure, the number of attributable deaths was estimated based on radon exposure levels, also visible as preventable events by implementing preventive actions. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the activities carried out, with specific reference to the use of communication to develop each action, to understand strengths and weaknesses and the lessons to be applied in Sardinia and other areas. Monitoring and evaluation results indicate that the health of populations living in radon-exposed areas can be significantly improved by reducing exposure to radon and synergistic risk factors. It is essential to strengthen awareness-raising events using historical and acquired knowledge, and to monitor progress in order to reinforce further actions, as these schemes should be planned for the long term, with central coordination and continuous evaluation. The case of radon risk management and communication in Sardinia offers a number of suggestions and lessons learned, both for the continuation of the work that is expected to be very intense in the coming years, and for the problems that may arise in other regions and countries affected by radon risk.

Innovations in Fatality Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Innovations in Fatality Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Secondary Syphilis Occurring on the Tongue: Report of a Case

<h3>Objective</h3> According to the Centers for Disease Control the rate of syphilis has steadily increased nearly every year since 2001. Tertiary syphilis is associated with serious complications that can be avoided by early diagnosis and treatment. Although primary and secondary syphilis typically involve the genitals, the oral cavity may be the initial site of disease. Given the recent increase in incidence, it is critical to recognize this disease to aid in prevention of life-threatening complications. Here, we report a case of oral syphilis and present the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features. <h3>Clinical Presentation</h3> A 21-year-old female presented to an oral and maxillofacial pathologist for evaluation of a lesion on the tongue of one-month duration. Her medical diagnoses included bipolar disorder and genital herpes. Her social history included smoking and cocaine abuse. Upon examination, a mildly erythematous elevated plaque of the posterior dorsal tongue measuring 2.0 × 1.5 cm was identified. <h3>Intervention and Outcome</h3> An incisional biopsy was performed under intravenous sedation by an oral and max- illofacial surgeon. Microscopic review showed oral mucosa demonstrating papillary hyperparakeratosis, neu- trophilic microabscesses and a moderateto-intense chronic inflammatory infiltrate possessing an abundance of plasma cells in the underlying connective tissues. These features were suspicious for a diagnosis of secondary syphilis. Tissue was sent to the Mayo Clinic for <i>Treponema pallidum</i> study by immunohistochemistry. Review of the stained slides showed numerous spirochetal organisms throughout the epithelium, confirming the diagnosis. The patient's primary care provider was contacted to initiate therapy. The NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene was notified of this diagnosis fulfilling mandatory reporting requirements. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The rate of syphilis diagnosis is on the rise. Presentation in the oral cavity, while rare, is important for oral healthcare providers to be familiar with as early diagnosis and treatment are likely to prevent serious complications.

The Effects of Major Selection Motive and Work Values on Major Commitment by Dental Hygiene Students: Focused on the Mediating Effect of Major Satisfaction

Objectives: This study was conducted to understand the effect of major selection motives and work values on the degree of commitment in the major, focusing on the mediating effect of major satisfaction in some local dental hygiene departments. Methods: This study was conducted with students from the dental hygiene departments in some areas of Daegu, Busan, and Ulsan. Results: In order for students to immerse themselves in their major with a clear conviction of their major and their motivation for choosing a major, various ways to increase their work values and major satisfaction should be sought. Major satisfaction was related to major commitment (r=0.681, p<0.01), work values were related to major commitment(r=0.440), and major selection motive was related to major satisfaction(r=0.477, p<0.01). Conclusions: As a result of the mediating effect of students major satisfaction in the relationship between major selection motivation and work values, it was found that they had a partial mediating meaning.

Implementation and evaluation of a virtual dental home educational program.

A Virtual Dental Home (VDH) is an alternative care model using teledentistry technology to provide care in community settings for special care populations. The Dental Hygiene Department at Idaho State University developed a VDH educational program to deliver preventive and therapeutic care at an assisted-living (AL) facility for memory care residents. The purpose of the educational program was to design and implement a VDH model for AL residents, and subsequently to evaluate the effectiveness of the educational program through students' knowledge, clinical confidence, and perspectives. Senior dental hygiene students (n = 32) completed didactic, laboratory, and clinical experiences on implementing an VDH. Using a pretest/posttest design, data were collected using a self-generated questionnaire; validity and reliability of the questionnaire were established prior to administration. Likert data were analyzed (n = 22, 69%) using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and Bonferroni correction. The change in scores of all three variables was statistically significant. The educational program was effective for increasing knowledge, clinical confidence, and perspectives of the dental hygiene students. Educational programs that include didactic, laboratory, and clinical experiences prepare graduates for using alternative care models, thereby, enhancing the potential to improve access to care for vulnerable populations in community settings.

Improving childhood asthma outcomes in East Harlem: the East Harlem Asthma Center of Excellence’s Asthma Counselor Program

Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of the Asthma Counselor Program, a program of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, designed to improve asthma outcomes among children. Methods We used a pre-post study design among children who enrolled in the program. We included self-reported outcome measures by comparing the previous 12 months (captured at intake) to the 12 months following program enrollment. To calculate the 12 months after enrollment, we added the number of outcome events reported at each follow-up session, which are conducted approximately three months apart, to compute 12-month (or “year-end”) post-enrollment outcomes. Results We enrolled 136 children during the study period (2018); 85 children remained in the program for 12 months and 51 became lost-to-follow-up. Among those who remained in the program, at the “year-end” session, there were statistically significant reductions in the mean number of asthma-related unscheduled healthcare appointments or urgent-care visits (73%), uses of prednisone (65%), asthma-related school absences (60%), asthma-related ED visits (57%), and asthma-related hospitalizations (50%). Conclusions Twelve months after children enrolled in the program, they had significantly improved asthma outcomes. Our findings, along with results from similar studies, support multicomponent interventions, especially those led by masters-level social workers.

Professor of the department of Hygiene and medical police of the Saint Vladimir university in Kiev Vladimir Dmitrievich Orlov (1856-1915)

For the first time, the article examined the life and work of a prominent representative of preventive science before the Soviet period in Ukraine, Vladimir Dmitrievich Orlov. Two periods of his scientific and pedagogical activity that are approximately the same in duration are distinguished, i. e. the Kazan and Kiev periods. In Kazan, he received a higher medical education, formed as a scientist and teacher (1873–1893); and in Kiev, he was further formed as a man of science, no longer an assistant, laboratory assistant and assistant professor, but Professor (since 1893). At the St. Vladimir University, where Professor V.D. Orlov headed the Department of Hygiene and Medical Police (1893–1914), he first introduced practical classes (1894) and visits by students to sanitary institutions in Kiev (1895). He prepared and published "A Guide to Practical Training in Hygiene and Medical Police" (1905). In the Russian Empire V.D. Orlov was Professor-hygienist of the second generation and in teaching he devoted much to the issues of Experimental Hygiene, and less to the second faculty discipline, which was assigned to his Department, i. e. Medical Police. Dissertation work came out for the first time from the Department of Hygiene and Medical Police led by Professor V.D. Orlov. In 1912, a supernumerary assistant of the Department Yaroslav Ventselevich Rezhabek (1865–1943) defended his thesis for the degree of Doctor of Medicine; in 1913 a supernumerary assistant of the Department Leonid Orestovich Dubitsky (1865–1931), being a student of Professor Orlov, prepared a dissertation research at the Würzburg Professor K.B. Lehmann. For the first time at the Department under Professor Orlov student scientific work began to be carried out and some of them were awarded gold (Mikhail Yasnikov, 1896; Alexey Filov, 1899; Vladislav Marzhetsky, 1900; Nikolai Posudzevsky, 1903) and silver (Anatoly Vasyutinsky, 1896) medals. Keywords: hygiene, medical police, teaching, Kiev, Ukraine, the Russian Empire.

Professor Marat Mingazovich Gimadeev

February 26, 2000 marked the 70th anniversary of his birth and 46 years of medical, scientific, pedagogical and social activities of the corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Hygiene, Occupational Medicine and Medical Ecology of Kazan State Medical University Marat Mingazovich Gimadeev.

Asthma In New York City: Examining Trends In Hospitalizations Among Children

New York City (NYC) experienced substantial improvements in asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations at the end of the 20th century. However, in the Bronx, one of NYC’s largest counties, the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene reported an increase in ED visits between 2010-2016 that was not observed in the other four NYC boroughs, where ED visits remained largely consistent over this period. This study aims to identify unique factors that may be associated with asthma-related ED visits and hospitalizations in the Bronx.

ANALISIS PENGATURAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PEMBUANGAN LIMBAH CAIR PT.PINDO DELI III DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG

The rapid global economic growth that refers to the era of modernization will have a major impact on companies that affect sectors of human life. In carrying out their business activities, companies often carry out deviant activities that have an impact on all aspects of life and the environment. Seeing the Karawang Regency area being a fast industrial city, and the way the company's waste is managed is quite an important factor for various types of hazardous and toxic waste. Because the quality standards in accordance with the recommendations are not supposed to be dumped directly into the river and become a source of pollution and environmental destruction. The research method used is normative juridical which focuses on the facts that exist in a society. The main data obtained by means of observation and interviews to take a descriptive approach to legal interpretation, namely literature or document studies. In the role supervision of the Department of Environment and Hygiene in Karawang Regency regarding the action of an environmental pollution incident that occurred in the Karawang area without a permit, analysis of environmental impacts and accountability efforts carried out by PT. X for the overflow of the liquid waste, as a form of recovery from the impact of environmental pollution in the Cibeet River and its surroundings

Peranan Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan dalam Pengelolaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Kota Medan

Medan City is one of the most densely populated cities in Indonesia. The population that is increasing and densely causes a shortage of land. To meet the land needs, many land uses have been converted. One of the impacts of land use conversion is that there is no environmental balance between development and providing green open space. This study aims to determine the roles and obstacles of the Department of Hygiene and Gardening in managing green open spaces in Medan City. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods describing information about the data obtained from the field in the form of written or oral data from the parties studied. Data were collected based on interviews and documentation. The results of this study can be reviewed based on Hardjanto's theory, there are four points, namely: Equality (equality), Consensus Orientation (mutual agreement), Participation (participation), and Responsivenees (responsivity). Based on the research that has been carried out, it is concluded that the role of the Sanitation and Gardening Service in managing green open spaces in Medan City has three roles. First, the preparation of materials for the implementation of the assessment of park development, reforestation and nurseries. Second, the preparation of materials for the preparation of procedures, standards and criteria for the use and management of fields, green open spaces, recreational parks, sports fields, reforestation, urban forests and nurseries. Third, the preparation of materials for coordinating the needs of park, greening and nursery facilities and infrastructure. Meanwhile, the obstacles experienced consist of two obstac les. First, internal obstacles, namely the lack of land to build new public green open spaces, lack of supervision of the construction of private green open spaces, and the lack of socialization on the importance of planting trees. The second is the external obstacle, namely the lack of community participation in building a park or planting trees around the residence.

Influence of latent iron deficiency on cognitive abilities in students

The aim of the study is to assess the impact of latent iron deficiency on students' cognitive abilities. Material and methods. The study was conducted during 2018-2021 at the Department of Hygiene and Medical Ecology of Odessa National Medical University. A survey of 188 medical students aged 18-20 was conducted using a screening survey. Estimation of the qualitative content of iron compounds in the diet was performed by a calculation method using the USDA / FDA database. Persons with probable iron deficiency were examined for hemoglobin, erythrocytes, hematocrit (general clinical blood test) and serum ferritin. Additionally, the cognitive abilities of people with latent iron deficiency were assessed using MoSA, TMT, GPB, Schulte tables and TAS-20. As a control, 30 students aged 18-20 years who showed no signs of latent or overt iron deficiency were interviewed. Statistical processing was performed by methods of variance and correlation anamnesis using the software Statistica 13.0 (TIBCO, USA). Results. When evaluating diets, probable iron deficiency was identified in 69 (36.7%) students surveyed. A significant number of students reported signs of iron deficiency, namely general weakness (27 or 14.4%), increased fatigue (30 cases or 15.9%), pale skin and mucous membranes (6 or 3.2%), drowsiness (8 or 4.3%), dry mouth (11 or 5.9%), brittle hair (4 or 2.1%), bleeding gums (3 or 1.6%). In isolated cases, hyposmia, dysgeusia and dysphagia have occurred. Probable iron deficiency was found at the previous stage of the study in 29 (15.4%) patients, they subsequently underwent verifying laboratory tests. In the analysis of the obtained data, the diagnosis of mild iron deficiency anemia was confirmed in 2 (6.9%) girls. Latent iron deficiency was identified in 16 (55.2%) students, among whom girls predominated (10 people or 62.5%). Subsequent studies have shown that a significant number of students with latent iron deficiency showed moderate signs of decreased cognition. Conclusions: 1. The frequency of latent iron deficiency in the surveyed contingent was 8.5%, with an absolute predominance of girls (62.5%). 2. Latent iron deficiency in student youth can be manifested by cognitive impairment, and therefore affect academic performance. 3. The most pronounced correlation was found for ferritin content and severity of alexithymia (r = -0.61).

Collecting Data During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons From an In-Person Survey of People Who Use Opioids.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, much in-person data collection has been suspended or become tele-remote. However, tele-remote methods often exclude marginalized groups, including people who use drugs, many of whom lack the technology to participate. To inform future surveillance and research during the pandemic and other public health disasters, we report methods and lessons learned from an in-person survey of people who use opioids conducted by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This public health surveillance was a component of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Overdose Data to Action initiative and aimed to inform overdose prevention efforts. Survey domains inquired about participants' drug use patterns, risk behaviors, overdose history, and service use. From June 16 through September 9, 2020, DOHMH staff members conducted 329 surveys with participants from 4 syringe service programs (n = 148, 44.9%) and via street intercept (n = 81, 55.1%). To survey participants safely and effectively, it was important to build rapport upfront so that requests to maintain distance were not perceived as stigmatizing. DOHMH staff members offered all participants, regardless of survey eligibility, Narcan and hygiene products, including face masks and soap. Surveys administered outdoors during the COVID-19 pandemic should be limited to 30 minutes. Although conducting in-person surveys poses unique challenges, this method should be considered so marginalized populations are included in data collection and public health responses.

Resident Experiences With a Place-Based Collaboration to Address Health and Social Inequities: A Survey of Visitors to the East Harlem Neighborhood Health Action Center.

In 2016 and 2017, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene established Neighborhood Health Action Centers (Action Centers) in disinvested communities of color as part of a place-based model to advance health equity. This model includes co-located partners, a referral and linkage system, and community space and programming. In 2018, we surveyed visitors to the East Harlem Action Center to provide a more comprehensive understanding of visitors’ experiences. The survey was administered in English, Spanish, and Mandarin. Respondents were racially diverse and predominantly residents of East Harlem. The majority had been to the East Harlem Action Center previously. Most agreed that the main service provider for their visit made them feel comfortable, treated them with respect, spoke in a way that was easy to understand, and that they received the highest quality of service. A little more than half of returning visitors reported engaging with more than one Action Center program in the last 6 months. Twenty-one percent of respondents reported receiving at least one referral at the Action Center. Two thirds were aware that the Action Center offered a number of programs and services and half were aware that referrals were available. Additional visits to the Action Center were associated with increased likelihood of engaging with more than one program and awareness of the availability of programs and referral services. Findings suggest that most visitors surveyed had positive experiences, and more can be done to promote the Action Center and the variety of services it offers.

МОТИВАЦИЯ КУРСАНТОВ И СТУДЕНТОВ К ИЗУЧЕНИЮ ДИСЦИПЛИН ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ В СИСТЕМЕ ГРАЖДАНСКО-ПАТРИОТИЧЕСКОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ

The article is devoted to the issues of civil and patriotic education of students and cadets of the leading medical university of the Republic of Belarus at the departments of military epidemiology and military hygiene, epidemiology. The issues of forming a socially active personality of a citizen and a patriot, raising the level of value ideas about the historical memory of the Belarusian people, forming moral orientations, motivation and readiness to fulfill the professional duty of a doctor are considered. The use of thematic visual materials in the form of a gallery of famous scientists, holding a thematic photo exhibition are effective methods of upbringing and educational work at the university.

Analysis of major indicators of department of dental hygiene in college through the university information disclosure system

Analysis of major indicators of department of dental hygiene in college through the university information disclosure system

Rad stalnih bakterioloških stanica na teritoriji današnje Republike Srbije, 1919-1925.

Up until 1919, the work of bacteriological stations on the territory of modern-day Republic of Serbia was sporadic. In the period immediately after the Great War - from the establishment of the Department of Hygiene within the newly founded Ministry of Public Health in 1919, until the beginning of the work of the Central Institute of Hygiene at the end of 1924 - a network of permanent bacteriological stations and epidemiological institutes was created in a relatively short period of time systematically covering the territory of the entire country. With its mobile auxiliary units, this network soon started producing results. Although permanent epidemiological service in Serbia started as a branch of the wartime military medical service in spring 1915, it was the civilian institutions of the newly established Ministry of Public Health after the war that prevailed in supressing infectious diseases.