Hydroxyl Propyl Methyl Cellulose Research Articles

Insights to the action of additives for stabilization of ultrafine particles of Fenofibrate in aqueous suspensions produced by Sonoprecipitation

Sonoprecipitation of Fenofibrate (FNB) was carried out in the presence of polymeric additives and surfactants. The particle size and morphology was found to be significantly affected by the mixing conditions and the type of additives used. In order to understand the mechanism by which the additives affect FNB particle growth and morphology, intermolecular interactions between the additive and FNB crystal surfaces were modeled. Among the additives used, Tween 80 was found to be a great habit modifier. Hydrogen bonding interactions between Tween 80 and FNB molecules exposed on the (010) face of FNB particles leads to a needle-like morphology. The experimental and modelling studies indicate that hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) show stronger crystal growth inhibition effect and provide better stabilization compared to polyvinyl pyrolidone (PVP) and Tween 80. FNB particles precipitated with ultrasound and additives were found to exhibit faster drug release profiles compared to the particles precipitated without ultrasound but in the presence of additives.

Formulation and Evaluation of Metoclopramide Fast Dissolving Film (FDF)

The fast dissolving film (FDF) is a solid dosage form which disintegrates rapidly when placed in the mouth. The FDF releases its active ingredient(s) allowing for oral mucosal or gastrointestinal absorption to be achieved. Metoclopramide (MP) is a potent antiemetic drug used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. Many trials were made to prepare a satisfactory MP FDF using solvent-casting method. Nine formulations of MP FDF were prepared (F1-F9). The effect of variable formulation factors on both mechanical and physical attributes of Mp FDF, in addition to the drug release profile, were evaluated. It was found that the prepared MP FDF that contains hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) showed the fastest in-vivo disintegration time in the mouth among other investigated polymers. The results showed also that as the concentration of HPMC was increased, both the disintegration time in the mouth and the mechanical strength were accordingly increased. The MP FDF formula (F7) which contained MP (5 mg), HPMC (340 mg), glycerin (0.35 ml) and Tween 80 (0.15 ml) showed fast disintegration time in the mouth (23 sec) and satisfactory mechanical properties (folding endurance of 150) when a minimal amount of surfactant and plasticizer were used. In addition, formula F7 gave faster dissolution rate as compared with conventional MP tablet (Meclodin®). The overall findings suggested that the current MP FDF can be given orally when fast action is the target.

Formulation development and evaluation of immediate release tablet of terbinafine hydrochloride

The immediate release tablet of antifungal drug Terbinafine hydrochloride were prepared developed and evaluated to increase solubility and bioavailability of low soluble drug by using wet granulation method. The tablets were prepared by varying concentrations and compositions of microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, and colloidal silicon dioxide for seven trial batches. The drug excipient compatability study was studied by photostability study. No significant changes were observed in photostability study. The tablets were evaluated for disintegration test, content uniformity, and friability. Invitro drug release profile Terbinafine hydrochloride was examined in four different media PH0.1N HCL, PH4.5 acidic buffers, PH6.8 phosphate buffer and PH3.0 citrate buffer for 45 minutes. The drug release for trial batch no.7 shows 100.4% of drug release and innovator shows 102% of drug release. The formulation trial no 6 and 7 showed no significant changes during the study period of accelerated stability study for 3 months. The result of all formulation 7 showed that good developed formulation of immediate release tablet containing Terbinafine hydrochloride drug was similar to the marketed product with all respect and stable to effect of temperature and humidity.

Efficacy of Gelling Agents on the In-vitro Release and Physical Properties of Loxoprofen Sodium Gel Containing Ultra Elastic Vesicles

Objective: Preparation of a topical prolong release gel for loxoprofen sodium using optimized nano-sized transfersome dispersion using different gelling agents with in vitro and in vivo evaluation in comparison to the marketed gel prepared by a conventional method. Method: The optimum nano transfersome dispersion containing 5% egg lecithin (as an oil phase) 1% span 60 (as an emulsifying agent) was converted into a gel using different gelling agents including carbopol 974p, carbopol 940, carbopol 934 and hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC K100) at ratio of (1:1). Each prepared gel was then evaluated in vitro to determine the homogenisity, consistency, spreadability, viscosity, and in vitro drug release as well as skin permeation test, human skin irritation test, and in vivo effectiveness. Result: The selected gel formula (TG3) showed best homogenisity, consistency and spreadability as well as it produced initial burst release of 60.3% (within 1 hour) followed by the prolonged release of 95.4% continued for 6 hours. In addition, the optimum gel formula (TG3) has shown remarkable prolong release, which was significantly higher than the marketed gel (loxonin® gel 1%) without any sign of skin irritation with better effectiveness Conclusion: This work succeeded in preparing topical gel for loxoprofen sodium using carbopol 974p as gelling agent and utilizing ultra elastic lipid vesicles (transfersomes) with prolong release that reduces dose frequency and improves patient compliance

Protective effect of lipidure on ocular surface and soft contact lens against desiccation damage

AbstractPurposeThe insertion of a contact lens (CL) disturbs the homeostasis of the tear film, favouring its evaporation and producing friction between the lens and the eyelids and the lens and the ocular surface. These events may induce or aggravate a pre‐existing condition of eye dryness. Lipidure is a biocompatible polymer of 2‐methacryloyloxi‐ethyl‐phosphorylcholine, showing a structure similar to the phosphatidylcholine polar bases; it is endowed with excellent antifouling and moisture retaining abilities. Aim of this study has been to address the protective effects of lipidure, with or without either hyaluronic acid (HA) or hydroxyl‐propyl‐methyl‐cellulose (HPMC), on desiccation of Statens Seruminstitut Rabbit Cornea (SIRC) cells and explanted porcine corneas. Moreover, the ability of lipidure to protect soft CL from desiccation damage and loss of transparency has also been evaluated.MethodsThe protective effect of lipidure was evaluated measuring viability on SIRC cells and explanted porcine corneas leaving them dried at 37°C, 5%CO2 and 95% humidity for 1 h. The ability of lipidure to protect soft CL from desiccation damage and loss of transparency has also been evaluated leaving them air‐dried at 26°C and 46% humidity.ResultsThe protective effect of 0.1% lipidure±HA (0.15%) or HPMC (0.3%), was compared to trehalose (3%), a sugar known in nature to protect cells from dessiccation damage. Results obtained indicate that lipidure either alone or in association with HA or HPMC is able to improve corneal epithelial cells survival under desiccation conditions, both in vitro and ex vivo, similar or even better than threalose alone. Moreover, lipidure in association with HPMC can better preserve morphology and transparency of CL from dehydration.ConclusionsIn conclusion, these studies support the use of lipidure both in artificial eye drops to protect the ocular surface form dryness, and as wetting agents for CL improve their tolerance over the eye surface.

Improvement of gluten-free bread and cake properties using natural hydrocolloids: A review.

The main wheat component responsible for bread and cake quality is gluten. Celiac disease is an autoimmune digestive disease that is caused by the digestion of gluten, and the only treatment of this disease is a gluten‐free diet. Various gluten‐free formulations (composite and wheatless flours) have applied gums (as gluten substitutes) to mimic the viscoelastic properties of gluten. In the bakery products, gums have been used to improve dough performance, bread and cake characteristics, textural and sensorial quality, and extension the products shelf life. This paper reviews the effect of the most common and new hydrocolloids (balangu seed, wild sage seed, basil seed, cress seed, xanthan, guar, starch carrageenan, methylcellulose, carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, and locust bean gums) on the rheological, physicochemical, textural, and quality characteristics of gluten‐free breads and cakes. Gums affect gelatinization and retrogradation of starch through a strong association of amylose with gum, resulting in a decrease in the retrogradation of starch. Gums addition increased volume and porosity of the breads and cakes and resulted in softer products.

Nano-enabled liposomal mucoadhesive films for enhanced efavirenz buccal drug delivery

Buccal films (BFs) were prepared using a solvent casting method using the liposomal suspension as the dispersing medium. Optimization of some physical properties of the films containing different amounts of polymers was done using digital Vernier calliper and digital weighing balance. The physiochemical properties of the best optimized properties were characterized using Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Permeation study of the BFs composed of Carbopol (CP) alone and CP to Pluronic 127 (PF127) demonstrated better bio-adhesive properties than the films made of other polymers such as HPMC (hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose) and HPMC-PF127. These CP based BFs (without and with PF127) exhibited good film thickness 0.88 ± 0.10 and 0.76 ± 0.14 mm, with weight uniformity 68.22 ± 1.04 and 86.28 ± 2.16 mg, satisfactory flexibility values 258 and 321, and slightly acidic pH 6.43 ± 0.76 and 6.32 ± 0.01. The swelling percentage was found to be 50% for CP and 78% for CP-PF127. The cumulative amount of drug that permeated through the buccal epithelium after 24 h was about 66% from CP and 75% from CP-PF127.

Effect of common and new gums on the quality, physical, and textural properties of bakery products: A review.

Hydrocolloids (gums) have a good functional characteristic such as emulsifying, gelling, solubility, and textural improvement. In the bakery products, hydrocolloids were used to improving dough performance, bread and cake characteristics, sensorial quality, and extension the products shelf life. Several studies reported the potential use of hydrocolloids in breads, biscuits, cakes, and pasta formulation. The present review summarized the effect of the most common and new hydrocolloids (xanthan, guar, Arabic, carrageenan, karaya, alginate, acacia, methylcellulose, carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, locust bean, balangu seed, wild sage seed, basil seed, and cress seed gums) on the rheological, physicochemical, textural, and quality characteristics of bakery products. Gums addition improved volume and porosity of the breads and cakes. Gums influence on the gelatinization and retrogradation of starch and decreased the retrogradation of starch. In the bakery products, hydrocolloids were used to improving mixing and increasing the shelf life of the products through moisture preservation and avoidance of syneresis in some frozen foods. This study summarized the influence of the most common and new hydrocolloids on the rheological, physicochemical, textural, and quality characteristics of bakery products. Addition of seeds gum to the breads, biscuits, cakes, and pasta formula led to an increase in the viscosity of the batter. Also, the firmness of bakery products showed that they became softer with increasing gum levels.

Comparison of 1-Palmitoyl-2-Linoleoyl-3-Acetyl-Rac-Glycerol-Loaded Self-Emulsifying Granule and Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System: Powder Property, Dissolution and Oral Bioavailability.

The main objective of this study was to compare the powder property, dissolution and bioavailability of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG)-loaded self-emulsifying granule system (SEGS) and solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS). Various SEGS formulations were prepared, and the effect of surfactant and binder on the drug solubility in them, leading to selecting sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC). The SEGS and SNEDDS were prepared with PLAG/SLS/HPMC/calcium silicate/microcrystalline cellulose at the weight ratio of 1:0.25:0.1:0.5:3 employing the fluid bed granulation and spray-drying technique, respectively. Their powder properties were compared in terms of flow ability, emulsion droplet size, scanning electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the solubility, dissolution, and oral bioavailability in rats of the SEGS were assessed in comparison with the SNEDDS. The SEGS and SNEDDS enhanced the solubility of the drug approximately 36- and 32-fold as compared with the drug alone; but they had no differences. The crystalline drug may exist in both the calcium silicate and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in the SEGS, but only in the calcium silicate in the SNEDDS. The SEGS had considerably improved the flow ability (Hausner ratio, 1.23 vs. 1.07; Carr index, 19.8 vs. 43.5%) and drug dissolution as compared with the SNEDDS. The SEGS and SNEDDS with double peak profiles, unlike the single peak of drug alone, showed a significantly higher plasma concentration and area under the curve (AUC), as compared with drug alone. Although they were not significantly different, the SEGS gave higher AUC than did the SNEDDS, suggesting its enhanced oral bioavailability of PLAG. Thus, the SEGS could be used as a powerful oral dosage form to improve the flow ability and oral bioavailability of PLAG, an oily drug.

Formulation Development and Evaluation of Floating Microsphere of Famotidine for the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer

The purpose of this research was to prepare a floating drug delivery system of famotidine. The floating microspheres can be prepared for the improvement of absorption and bioavailability of famotidine by retaining the system in the stomach for prolonged period of time. Floating microspheres of famotidine were prepared using different polymers like ethyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose by solvent diffusion-evaporation method. The microspheres had smooth surfaces with free-flowing and good-packing properties. The yield of the microspheres was up to 73.32±0.14% and ethyl cellulose microspheres entrapped the maximum amount of the drug. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed their hollow structures with sizes in 331.6 nm. The prepared microspheres exhibited prolonged drug release and Percentage buoyancy was found to 73.25±0.23. The formulated batches were evaluated for percentage yield, particle size measurement, flow properties, percent entrapment efficiency, swelling studies. The formulations were subjected to stability studies and In-vitro release and release kinetics data was subjected to different dissolution models. It was concluded that developed floating microspheres of famotidine offers a suitable and practical approach for prolonged release of drug over an extended period of time and thus oral bioavailability, efficacy and patient compliance is improved.
 Keywords: Famotidine, Solvent diffusion evaporation method, Ethyl cellulose, Hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose

Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Sustained Release Floating Matrix Tablet of Levofloxacin by Direct Compression Method

The objective of the present work was to develop Gastro retentive dosage forms which would remain in the stomach and upper part or GIT for a prolonged period of time thereby maximizing the drug release at desired site within the time before GRDFs left the stomach and upper part of the GIT, has provoked a great deal of increased interest in the formulation of such drug as floating drug delivery systems. Levofloxacin, (BCS class I) is a fluoroquinolone anti-bacterial agent. The rationale for the formulation of floating matrix tablet are acidic solubility of levofloxacin, residence of Halicobactor pylori mainly in sub region of stomach and the overdosing associated adverse effect due to continuous intake of drug in acute infection. A simple visible spectrophotometric method was employed for the estimation of levofloxacin at 294 nm and Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 2-10 μg /ml. Floating matrix tablet of levofloxacin was prepared by direct compression method using different polymers like hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K4) and carbopol 934 as matrix formation polymers, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid was used as gas generating agents. The FTIR spectra of the levofloxacin and other excipients alone and in combination show the compatibility of the drug and excipients. Six formulations of different polymer percentages were formulated (F1-F6). Pre-compression parameters were evaluated. The influence of matrix forming agents and binary mixtures of them on levofloxacin release was investigated. The formulated tablets were characterized by hardness, friability, thickness, weight variation and in vitro drug release. The formulated tablets had acceptable physicochemical characters. The data obtained from the in-vitro dissolution studies of optimized batch F4were fitted in different models. The optimized formulation F4 showed 99.25% drug content and swelling index of 79.85 %. Drug release mechanism was found to be first order kinetics. Levofloxacin floating tablets exhibited increased gastric residence time, there by improved bioavailability and therapeutic effect of the drug.

Physicochemical and Cytotoxicity Characterization of Injectable Bone Substitute Based on Hydroxyapatite - Chitosan - Streptomycin for Spinal Tuberculosis Cases

Injectable bone substitute (IBS) based on hydroxyapatite, chitosan and streptomycin has been developed succesfully. The IBS was made by mixturing 20% w/v hydroxyapatite and varying the chitosan ratio of 60:40, 65:35, 70:30, 75:25 and adding streptomycin as antibiotic substance. The mixture was added with hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose. The synthesis process was steady and no chemical reaction occurred as proven by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The in vitro characterization were acidity (pH) and cytotoxicity test (MTT assay), while the physical characterization performed included injectability test, setting time, and morphology. The acidity test showed that the pH samples reached the human normal pH (6.8-7.4) in seven days. The cytotoxicity test proved that the samples were non-toxic. The repasta test showed that the acidity reached the human pH and could release the IBS pasta around 111-150 seconds. The injectability test indicated that IBS had ability to be injected for 95-96%. The setting time in all samples needed 72-166 minutes when it was injected into human bone scaffold model that was able to coat the pore of its scaffold model which proven by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) imaging. The pore size of human bone scaffold model was decreased from ±800 μm into ±120 μm. So, IBS pasta based on hydroxyapatite-chitosan-streptomycin in physicochemical and cytotoxicity behaviour is preferable to be applied for spinal tuberculosis cases.

Formulation Development and Evaluation of Diacerein Loaded Microsphere by Spray Coating (Wurster Method)

Diacerein loaded microspheres were prepared by spray coating(wurster method) using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and ethyl cellulose as release retarding polymer with a view to manufacture sustained release drug delivery. Drug content in the microspheres was determined by HPLC assay followed by drug entrapment efficiency. Shape and Surface topography of Diacerein loaded microspheres was determined by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (.FT-IR), X-ray diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies were done to establish drug polymer and other excipients compatibility and stability. Sustained release action was established by In-vitro release study. The result shows that Diacerein loaded microsphere using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose polymer can be a new addition in the field of pain management for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Keywords: Microsphere, Diacerein, HPMC, Ethyl cellulose, Spray coating.

Formulation and Development of Transdermal Patches of Piroxicam

The aim of the given study was to formation as well as development of patches of piroxicam. Piroxicam basically a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Less dosage result in the longer duration of action which make these patches a remarkable in curing the infection for the increase of transdermal properties of the patches various batches were prepared using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and poly vinyl pyrrolidone for best result various parameters are considered like thickness,weight are considered during various test in different batches and the last are i.e. the 6th batch comes good result batch 6th show best evaluation parameter whereas batch 7th show a 95 % release of drug there parameters including moisture content and above mention were tested and were evaluated for best possible result.
 
 

Designing of a pH-Triggered Carbopol®/HPMC In Situ Gel for Ocular Delivery of Dorzolamide HCl: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Ex Vivo Evaluation.

Dorzolamide HCl (DRZ) ophthalmic drop is one of the most common glaucoma medications which rapidly eliminates after instillation leading to short residence time of the drug on cornea. The purpose of the present study is to develop a pH-triggered in situ gel system for ophthalmic delivery of DRZ for treatment of ocular hypertension. In this study, a 32 full factorial design was used for preparation of in situ gel formulations using different levels of Carbopol® and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC). Rheological behavior, in vitro drug release, ex vivo corneal permeability, and IOP-lowering activity were investigated. DRZ solution (2% w/v) containing of 0.1% (w/v) Carbopol® and 0.1% (w/v) HPMC was selected as the optimal formulation considering its free flow under non-physiological conditions (initial pH and 25 ± 2°C) and transition to appropriate gel form under physiological circumstance (pH7.4 and 34°C). This in situ gel presented the mucoadhesive property. Ex vivo corneal permeability of this combined solution was similar to those of DRZ solution. The developed formulation compared to the marketed drop (Biosopt®) and DRZ 2% solution had a better performance in intraocular pressure activity. The efficiency and long duration of IOP reduction could be due to the prolonged residence time of the in situ gel. The presence of Carbopol® as a pH triggered and mucoadhesive polymer causes to attach to the ocular mucosal surface for a long term.

A facile method to prepare silver nanowire transparent conductive film for heaters

We presented a facile method to prepare silver nanowire (Ag NW) transparent conductive film (TCF) for heaters. Hydroxylpropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) was used for achieving the excellent dispersity of Ag NWs owing to the hydrogen bonding interaction, at the same time, improved the adhesion between the Ag NW and the substrate. Moreover, the transmittance of the conductive film was also promoted. The as-obtained TCF exhibited an outstanding thermal stability as for heaters, which is better than the Ag NW/metal oxide and Ag NW/carbon nanotube hybrid structures. What’s more, the heaters of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU)/Ag NW/hydrogel sandwich structure were also fabricated, the performance indicated that the heaters can be used in heating suit and healthcare. We believed that this work can provide a facile method for the preparation of TCF with good practicability.

Effect of Riboflavin Solution With Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Eyelid Speculum on Pachymetry Changes During Accelerated Collagen Crosslinking.

To assess corneal thickness changes with isotonic riboflavin (RF) solution with hydroxylpropyl methylcellulose in patients undergoing accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) with and without an eyelid speculum. Fifty-two eyes of 48 patients with progressive keratoconus were enrolled in this study. The patients in this study were divided into 2 groups: in group 1 an eyelid speculum was removed during 20-minute RF (0.1%) + hydroxylpropyl methylcellulose (Mediocross M; Avedro Inc, Waltham, MA) instillation, and in group 2 the eyelid speculum was retained in place during the entire CXL procedure. All patients underwent accelerated CXL using continuous ultraviolet-A (UVA) light exposure at 9 mW/cm for 10 minutes; total energy dose was 5.4 J/cm. Intraoperative ultrasound pachymetry measurements were obtained before and after epithelial removal, after RF loading, and after UVA light exposure at 5 and 10 minutes. The preoperative pachymetric measurements decreased in both groups after the removal of epithelium [group 1 (n = 26): -25 μm, group 2 (n = 26): -31 μm, P = 0.234]. Although the thinnest pachymetry significantly increased after soaking in both group 1 (52.26 μm) and group 2 (27.88 μm, P < 0.001), closure of the eyelids during RF instillation further increased the pachymetry readings (P < 0.0001). The corneal thickness remained stable in both groups during UVA irradiation at 5 and 10 minutes (P > 0.05). Closure of the eyelids further induces corneal swelling that may offer an advantage to improve safety of the procedure particularly in thin corneas.

Design of transdermal patch of ketoprofen by full factorial design for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Oral therapy of NSAIDs for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis causes gastric irritation and ulceration. In the present study transdermal patch of ketoprofen was developed using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose E5 and Eudragit S100. Patches were prepared by solvent evaporation method. Optimization was carried out by 32 factorial design with polymer concentration (HPMC E5) and plasticizer concentration (propylene glycol) as independent variables. Patches were evaluated for folding endurance, surface pH, drug content, percent moisture content, water uptake and swelling studies. Ex vivo permeation studies of optimized patch was performed using Franz diffusion cell while bioadhesion force and tensile strength were measured by using texture analyzer. Hydrophilic nature, swelling ability and wettability of polymer and plasticizer were responsible for increase in flux and bioadhesion with increase in their concentrations in the factorial batches. Swelling index of all formulations was in the range of 17.3 ±1.2 to 65.29 ±4.78 up to 3h. Flux obtained from all batches was in the range of 3.37±0.23 to 5.43±0.13µg/h/cm2. Anti-inflammatory studies using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema showed greater paw swelling reduction in case of ketoprofen patch. Cumulative percent drug permeation of optimized patch through nylon 66, Wistar rat skin and cadaver skin was found to be 92.3% &gt;86.28 %&gt;63.42% in 8h, while flux order was 6.073&gt; 5.442 &gt; 2.219 µg/h/cm2 respectively. The study concludes that transdermal patch of ketoprofen will be more efficacious with absence of gastric irritation observed in oral formulations.&#x0D; Keywords: Ketoprofen, Bioadhesion, HPMC E5, Flux, Backing membrane

In vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Using Different Gelling agents on the Release of Erythromycin from a Nanocubosomal gel

Preparation of a topical gel for erythromycin using optimized nano-sized cubosome dispersion, which is changed into a gel to get nanocubosomal gel using different gelling agents. The optimum nanocubosomal dispersion containing 4.4% glyceryl mono oleate (GMO) (as an oil phase) and 0.6% poloxamer 407 (as an emulsifying agent) was converted into a gel using different gelling agents including carbopol 974, carbopol 940, carbopol 934 and hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) at different ratios of (1:1 and 1:2). Each prepared gel was then evaluated in vitro to determine the homogenisity, consistency, spreadability, viscosity and drug release. The selected formula (FG6) showed best homogenisity, consistency and spreadability as well as it produced initial burst release of 60.3% (within 1 hour) followed by prolonged release of 96.3% continued for 4 hours. In addition, the optimum gel formula (FG6) has shown remarkable antibacterial activity, which was significantly higher than the marketed gel (ERYTHROMYCIN GEL ® 2%) against four different strains of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa).

In vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Using Different Gelling agents on the Release of Erythromycin from a Nanocubosomal gel

Preparation of a topical gel for erythromycin using optimized nano-sized cubosome dispersion, which is changed into a gel to get nanocubosomal gel using different gelling agents. The optimum nanocubosomal dispersion&#x0D; containing 4.4% glyceryl mono oleate (GMO) (as an oil phase) and 0.6% poloxamer 407 (as an emulsifying agent) was converted into a gel using different gelling agents including carbopol 974, carbopol 940, carbopol 934 and hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) at different ratios of (1:1 and 1:2). Each prepared gel was then evaluated in vitro to determine the homogenisity, consistency, spreadability, viscosity and drug release. The selected formula (FG6) showed best homogenisity, consistency and spreadability as well as it produced initial burst release of 60.3% (within 1 hour) followed by prolonged release of 96.3% continued for 4 hours. In addition, the optimum gel formula (FG6) has shown remarkable antibacterial activity, which was significantly higher than the marketed gel (ERYTHROMYCIN GEL ® 2%) against four different strains of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa).