Hydroxyethyl Methyl Cellulose Research Articles

Enhancing thermal stability and viscosity of cellulose ether using propylene carbonate as a transesterification agent for oilfield applications

This study presents the utilisation of Propylene Carbonate (PC), along with an alkali-based solution, to modify the Hydroxyethyl Methyl Cellulose (HEMC) polymer to mitigate the thermal degradation of cellulose ether. The experimental results from FTIR and XRD analysis confirmed the addition of a new function group to the HEMC backbone and the formation of a new organic carbonate-based cellulose ether. Shear viscosity experiments were conducted at concentrations of 0.50-wt.% to 2-wt.% at ambient and elevated temperatures ranging from 80°C-110°C using a rheometer. All polymeric solutions exhibited shear-thinning behaviour, and the viscosity of polymeric solutions was enhanced by increasing the concentration of modified HEMC solutions. The modified HEMC solutions exhibited higher viscosity at 1000 s-1 shear rate at 110ºC compared to the native HEMC solutions, confirming the enhanced thermal stability of the PC-based modified HEMC solution. Alkali-based modified HEMC solution exhibited low shear viscosity at ambient temperature. The alkali-based polymeric solution’s viscosity was increased by 48% at a high shear rate at 110ºC. In conclusion, 0.50-wt.% and 01-wt.% concentration of alkali-based PC-modified HEMC solution proved efficient in maintaining viscosity under ambient conditions, increasing solubility and exhibiting improved thermal stability at geothermal conditions for oil field applications.

Revealing the effect of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether on rheological characteristics and hydration kinetics of Ultra-High Performance Concrete with high thixotropy

In this study, the effects of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) content and molecular chain on rheological characteristics and hydration kinetics of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) with high thixotropy are detailed investigated. The results showed that with an increase of HEMC content, the air content of UHPC can be increased, and the mechanical properties and durability of UHPC could be simultaneously deteriorated. In addition, although a higher air content may reduce the mechanical properties and durability of UHPC, the added HEMC with longer molecular chain is also helpful to increase the yield stress by 312.2 % and decrease the plastic viscosity by 46.5 % for UHPC slurry, which is important to improve the spray-ability of UHPC. At the same time, the HEMC with short molecular chain can reduce the early autogenous shrinkage of the UHPC by about 30 %, which is also important to improve the volume stability of sprayed Ultra-High Performance Concrete (SUHPC). Therefore, in practice, to develop a SUHPC with advanced properties, the type and content of HEMC should be well chosen by simultaneously considering the requirements of rheological properties, mechanical properties and durability at least.

Study on the Reuse of Shield Mud from Clay Stratum in Synchronous Grouting Slurry

The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of replacing the fly ash in synchronous grouting material by reusing the shield mud produced in the clay stratum during the shield construction of Wuhan Rail Transit Line 11. The test utilizes the shield mud from the clay stratum to replace the fly ash material in synchronous grouting at percentages of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, and research and analyses are conducted on the fluidity, stability, strength, and resistance to water dispersion of the slurry after the replacement; at the same time, improvements in the undesirable phenomenon produced by the synchronous grouting slurry are also examined after the replacement. The results show that, when the fly ash is replaced by shield mud at 80%, the mortar still has good stability and strength performance, but, at the same time, the initial value of consistency and the phenomenon of flow time loss is too large. Through the adjustment of the water–binder ratio and the addition of an appropriate amount of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer agent, the adverse phenomenon of the slurry is effectively improved, and the compressive strength and ease of the slurry are also improved. At the same time, when adding an appropriate amount of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC), the slurry has good water dispersion resistance, but, with the gradual increase in HEMC, the fluidity of the slurry deteriorates and the compressive strength decreases. The test proves that the shield mud in the clay stratum can be used to replace most of the fly ash in an appropriate proportion, which not only solves the problem of the shield mud being difficult to work with, but also provides more valuable insights for tunneling projects.

Comparison of mechanical strengths and microstructure of Portland cement-calcium sulfoaluminate cement binders with cellulose ethers of different viscosities

Portland cement-calcium sulfoaluminate cement (PC-CSA) binders possess special characteristics that are obviously different from that of a single component. This will affect the modification effect of cellulose ethers with different viscosities on cement. This study focuses on the mechanical properties, hydration process, type and content of hydration products, pore structure and interface structure of the binders with cellulose ethers, i.e. hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC). The following results have been obtained that adding high content of CSA can improve the early mechanical strengths of the binders, while high content of PC is beneficial to the maintenance of the strengths at the middle and late stages. Compared with low viscosity HEMC, high viscosity HEMC reduces the mechanical strengths. Based on the hydration heat evolution results, high content of CSA significantly promotes the early hydration heat release of the binders. When the PC content is 85 %, adding high viscosity HEMC delays the hydration of the binders, but the hydration is promoted when the PC content is 50 %. Combined with the XRD and TG-DTG tests, the content of typical AFt and Al(OH)3 hydration product is relatively high in the binders with high content CSA. AFm has generated in the binders at mid-late age and adding HEMC improves its formation. Adding HEMC delays the formation of CH, while the HEMC viscosity has a limited effect. According to MIP results, the pore content in the binders tends to increase with the CSA content. The incorporation of HEMC significantly increases the pore content of all sizes, especially macro pores. And the greater the HEMC viscosity, the more obvious the above effect. The nanoindentation test results show that incorporating HEMC decreases the elastic modulus of the binders and weakens the interface structure between cement pastes and sands.

Controlled micro-scale ink droplet spreading on cotton fabrics via cellulose-based coatings for greener textile inkjet printing

Inkjet printing of cotton fabric is considered a cleaner, efficient and revolutionary technology in textile coloration industry. However, due to the good hydrophilicity of cotton fibers, ink droplet spreading was difficult to be prevented, causing the problems of poor image resolution, low dye utilization efficiency and reduced product quality. Hence, in this study, cellulose-based coatings were fabricated on the cotton surface to adjust the surface hydrophilicity and prevent ink droplet spreading. Results showed that, cellulose derivatives like hydroxypropyl cellulose (CMHPC) and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) could form continuous and uniform cellulose film coatings on fiber surface. Because there are fewer hydrophilic side groups in HEMC structure, the hydrophilicity of cotton fabric and the ink spreading was effectively controlled. From microscope observation, the spreading lengths of a single droplet were significantly decreased by HEMC from 276.27 to 66.95 μm. The K/S values representing color depth were improved from 9.44 to 19.41. Furthermore, industrial application was conducted to verify the laboratory results, showing that higher image quality was obtained in practical application using HEMC. This work provides a more potential and greener application of cellulose-based coatings to promote the development of textile inkjet printing.

Insight into the early hydration characteristics of Portland cement with hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose highlighted by 1H low-field NMR

1H low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) as a non-destructive test method can effectively capture the water state changes in cement pastes. The water changes can in turn reflect the early hydration characteristics of cement pastes. Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) with different viscosities affects the hydration characteristics of cement by acting on the water in different states. The following experimental results are obtained by testing hydration of cement pastes with HEMC by using 1H NMR test. Incorporating 0.1–3% HEMC with different viscosities all can effectively control the bleeding water phenomenon. HEMC can absorb a part of the water in the cement pastes. Incorporating 2–3% HEMC significantly delays the enrichment of the gel pores water and interlayer water. When the content of HEMC increases from 0% to 3%, the hydration degree of cement pastes tends to decrease. Besides, HEMC with higher viscosity of 15000–40000 mPa·s obviously delays the hydration process of cement pastes compared to HEMC with lower viscosity of 400 mPa·s.

Effect of Temperature and Alkali Solution to Activate Diethyl Carbonate for Improving Rheological Properties of Modified Hydroxyethyl Methyl Cellulose.

The applications of cellulose ethers in the petroleum industry represent various limitations in maintaining their rheological properties with an increase in both concentration and temperature. This paper proposed a new method to improve the rheological properties of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) by incorporating diethyl carbonate (DEC) as a transesterification agent and alkali base solutions. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the grafting of both composites onto the HEMC surface. The addition of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) improved the stability of the polymeric solution as observed from ζ-potential measurement. Shear viscosity and frequency sweep experiments were conducted at concentrations of 0.25-1 wt % at ambient and elevated temperatures ranging from 80-110 °C using a rheometer. In the results, the increase in viscosity at specific times and temperatures indicated the activation of DEC through the saponification reactions with alkali solutions. All polymeric solutions exhibited shear-thinning behavior and were fitted well by the Cross model. NaOH-based modified solution exhibited low shear viscosity compared to the DEC-HEMC solution at ambient temperature. However, at 110 °C, its viscosity exceeded that of the DEC-HEMC solution due to the activation of DEC. In frequency sweep analysis, the loss modulus (G″) was greater than the storage modulus (G') at lower frequencies and vice versa at higher frequencies. This signifies the viscoelastic behavior of modified solutions at 0.50 wt % and higher concentrations. The flow point (G' = G″) shifted to a low frequency, indicating the increasing dominance of elastic behavior with the rising temperature. At 110 °C, the NaOH-based modified solution exhibited both viscous and elastic behavior, confirming the solution's thermal stability and flowability. In conclusion, modified HEMC solution was found to be effective in controlling viscosity under ambient conditions, enhancing solubility, and improving thermal stability. This modified composite could play a significant role in optimizing viscoelastic properties and fluid performance under challenging wellbore conditions.

Effect of silica fume and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose on the properties of cement-sodium silicate grout at high temperatures

The rheological characteristics and mechanical strength of cement-sodium silicate (C-S) grout negatively changed under high temperatures. This study is aimed at investigating the possibility of using silica fume (SF) and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) to compensate for the decreased properties of C-S grout. The fluidity, gelation time, and rheology for slurry and compressive strength for the hardened state were investigated, and the mineral phase composition and morphology were examined to evaluate the mechanism. Research results indicated that the SF and HEMC all decreased the fluidity and extended the gelling time. The addition of SF and HEMC reduced the flowability of the slurries at different temperatures by 5%− 50% and 39%− 65%, and the setting time was extended by 85.7%− 125% and 123.1%− 215.4%. Meanwhile, the reduced viscosity in the heat further decreased. For hardened C-S grout, the SF increased the mechanical strength by up to 100% through the physical filling effect, pozzolanic reaction, and mineral phase composition optimization. While HEMC delayed the cement hydration and reduced the strength by 4.6%− 57.7%, but had almost no impact on the mineral phase composition and morphology.

Enhanced gelatin based films integrated with xanthan and cellulose derivatives as potential packaging materials

Background Films based on gelatin can be useful for pharmaceutical and food packaging, but they have some drawbacks. Objective In this study, we aimed to evaluate three series of edible composite films based on gelatin for pharmaceutical and food packaging. Materials and methods Three series of composite films based on gelatin were prepared by blending with three different polysaccharides, xanthan, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC), and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). Film composites were prepared by solution casting with glycerol (30% weight). Burst strength, mechanical, contact angel, water vapour permeability rate (WVPR), and air permeability test were tested for the three series of composite films. The antibacterial activity of the produced sheets against Gram-positive bacteria B. mycoides, a nonfilamentous fungus called C. albicans, and Gram-negative bacteria E. coli was examined. Results This work reports the successful preparation of stand-alone natural antimicrobial edible composite films with excellent mechanical properties. The addition of HPMC and HEMC had enhanced the thermal stability of gelatin-xanthan composite films. Mechanical properties; tensile strength and elongation percent were investigated. The results showed that the addition of 0.1% of HEMP and HPMC to gelatin–xanthan composite enhanced the elongation% to equal 59.33% and 25.33%, respectively, while the tensile values were 5.570 and 6.617 mPa, respectively. Xanthan addition had improved the antibacterial activity of gelatin films. The results showed that the different composite series have varying relative effects on microbial development effectiveness. Conclusion According to the results, these composite films can be considered as promising natural active edible packaging materials.

Modification of Cellulose Ether with Organic Carbonate for Enhanced Thermal and Rheological Properties: Characterization and Analysis.

Reduction in viscosity at higher temperatures is the main limitation of utilizing cellulose ethers in high thermal reservoir conditions for petroleum industry applications. In this study, cellulose ether (hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC)) is modified using organic carbonates, i.e., propylene carbonate (PC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), to overcome the limitation of reduced viscosity at high temperatures. The polymer composites were characterized through various analytical techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), H-NMR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ζ-potential measurement, molecular weight determination, and rheology measurements. The experimental results of structural and morphological characterization confirm the modification and formation of a new organic carbonate-based cellulose ether. The thermal analysis revealed that the modified composites have greater stability, as the modified samples demonstrated higher vaporization and decomposition temperatures. ζ-potential measurement indicates higher stability of DEC- and PC-modified composites. The relative viscometry measurement revealed that the modification increased the molecular weight of PC- and DEC-containing polymers, up to 93,000 and 99,000 g/moL, respectively. Moreover, the modified composites exhibited higher levels of stability, shear strength and thermal resistance as confirmed by viscosity measurement through rheology determination. The observed increase in viscosity is likely due to the enhanced inter- and intramolecular interaction and higher molecular weight of modified composites. The organic carbonate performed as a transesterification agent that improves the overall properties of cellulose ether (HEMC) at elevated temperatures as concluded from this study. The modification approach in this study will open the doors to new applications and will be beneficial for substantial development in the petroleum industry.

Enhancing dry mix mortar strength with natural fillers and polymers

Dry mix mortars are becoming more and more popular in the world’s building materials market. Therefore, the issue of increasing the technological and mechanical properties of stucco mixes is relevant. The aim of the paper is modification of lightweight dry stucco mixes with fine limestone and perlite as well as with hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose and dispersible polymer. In order to investigate the different mixes, an 18-point experiment was designed. Density, compressive strengths and crack resistance of dry plaster mixes were studied using requirements of standard. Mathematical models were obtained for the compositions as a result of processing the experimental data. The regularities of the fillers’ and additives’ influence on the properties of the mixes were established, depending on their amount and combination. It was observed that methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose improves the crack resistance and compression strength, and contributes to a slight decrease in density. The crack resistance of plaster mortars changes more than 1.5 times, the most crack-resistant compositions have an average amount of porous fillers.

The Influence of Hydroxyethylmethyl Cellulose on the Heat Released during the Hydration of Modified Gypsum Materials

This article presents the results of experimental research of modified gypsum materials. The primary aim of the research was to assess the influence of the hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose (HEMC) polymer on the heat of hydration of gypsum. In the study, the polymer was used as an additive in weight ranges from 1% to 3% in relation to pure gypsum. The water to gypsum ratio was at the level of 0.75. The heat of hydration of building materials is crucial, because it is one of many aspects that directly affects the binding time, therefore defining the potential applications of gypsum in the construction industry. It was shown that the addition of the polymer influences the value of the heat of hydration, and also extends the crystallization process. Based on the Avrami equation, two areas of the early and late stage crystallization of gypsum were observed. The obtained values of the kinetic parameter n of this equation indicate a different mechanism of crystal growth. With an increased content of the polymer, there was a decrease in the K parameter, which confirms that HEMC interferes with gypsum nucleation and crystallization.

Rheology of cement–sodium silicate grout containing bentonite and cellulose ether at high temperatures

Cement–sodium silicate grout (CSG) is widely used to control water inrush disasters, and its apparent viscosity considerably impacts its water-plugging effect. However, traditional grouting materials and methods are inappropriate for high-temperature environments as high temperatures can affect the grout's viscosity. To thicken grout and increase its apparent viscosity, viscosity-modifying admixtures can be used. In this work, two types of bentonite (calcium bentonite (Ca-B) and sodium bentonite (Na-B)) and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) were used to modify CSG and laboratory tests were performed to evaluate the fluidity, gelation time and rheology. The results showed that both bentonites and the HEMC decreased fluidity and prolonged the gelation time. HEMC, Ca-B and Na-B decreased the fluidity by 46.8–60.4%, 12.5–31.5% and 17.7–39.1%, respectively, at different temperatures. HEMC, Ca-B and Na-B increased the gelation time by 23.8–50.1%, 23.3–71.4% and 20%–57.1%, respectively. Bentonite can partially resist high temperatures and improve the apparent viscosity of grout owing to its water-absorption capacity. Conversely, HEMC has a negative effect on apparent viscosity, which is attributed to the formation of a complex microstructure resulting from intermolecular cross-linking between the cement particles and HEMC, preventing the connection of sodium silicate.

Correction: Cement and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose interaction: The performance of cement-based adhesives

Correction: Cement and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose interaction: The performance of cement-based adhesives

Modelling the Influence of Composition on the Properties of Lightweight Plaster Mortar and Multicriteria Optimisation

The influence of the components of plaster mortars on their properties is considered in a lot of studies at a qualitative level without searching for optimal compositions of these multicomponent composite materials. The purpose of this study was to obtain the experimental-statistical models based on the results of the designed experiment, allowing the influence of light fillers and polymer admixtures on the properties of the mortars to be evaluated and analysed; the compositions complying with specified requirements and compromised optimally by a number of properties should be found. The quantities of fine limestone and perlite as well as of the hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose and dispersible polymer were varied in the experiment. The effective viscosity and thixotropy of the mix, compression, tensile, adhesive strength, frost resistance, and density of hardened mortars were determined for 18 compositions according to the experiment design. The obtained models have allowed the individual and synergetic effects of mix components to be evaluated. The fine perlite has turned out to have the greatest positive effect on the properties. This porous filler increases the strength while decreasing the density of the mortars. It is shown how the composition complying with specified requirements-and the best based on several properties-has been found.

Effect of defoaming agent on the properties of cement mortars with hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose through adjusting air content gradient

Pore structure plays one of the most important role in the properties of cement-based materials. Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) has the air entrainment effect, which may significantly change the pore structure and further affect the performance of this materials. Incorporating defoaming agent (DA) may weaken this effect, due to its defoaming effect which needs to be fully evaluated. Therefore, the working efficiency of DA and the changes of pore structure caused by stepwise adjustment of the air content were mainly studied. The results show that incorporating DA can effectively eliminate air bubbles, while the defoaming effect is weak with the air content approaching to 6.0%. There is a certain negative correlation between fresh bulk density and air content, and a positive correlation between fluidity and air content. Incorporating an appropriate dosage of DA is beneficial to control the air content of the cement mortars with HEMC, so as to ensure the cement mortars have better mechanical strengths and low drying shrinkages. With the increase of DA dosage, the large capillary pores, macro pores and total porosity all show a gradual decreasing trend due to the air content decreasing. The content of connected capillary pores in cement mortars tends to increase as the air content level decreases, but shows a small decrease at the low air content of less than 6.0%.

Assessing the robustness of cement-hydrogel-based binders as 3D printing materials

The printing performance of two cement-hydrogel pastes at 0.25 and an 0.3 gel-to-cement mass ratios was investigated for a gel containing 4 mass percent hydroxy ethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC). The effect of varying printing process parameters, print layer height and print speed, on the dimensional accuracy of 3D printed objects was used to assess the printing robustness of the two cement-hydrogel formulations. The performance of the printing process was assessed using deviations in the dimensions and analyzed statistically using capability and performance indices, control charts, and process capability histograms, from which optimal processing conditions were identified. This work is a novel application of statistical process control (SPC) to a laboratory-scale cement-based printing process. It was found that the 0.25 gel-to-cement mass ratio paste performed better offering more resistance to shape distortion. While both pastes exhibited smooth extrusion, the lower 0.25 gel-to-cement ratio paste was more rigid. The goal was to have zero deviation in the three dimensions of the printed cylinders, height, outer diameter and wall thickness. While both paste formulations produced a negative deviation with respect to cylinder height, a similar magnitude of positive deviation was observed in the cylinder thickness. However, the two pastes performed very differently with respect to external diameter and the optimum printing conditions differ for both pastes. The lowest deviation in cylinder height was realized for the 0.25 ratio paste at conditions that differ from those producing optimal outcomes for the 0.3 ratio paste. Conversely, the lowest deviation in the cylinder thickness and external diameter was realized with the 0.3 ratio paste. Not surprising, different print metrics require different optimal process parameters, indicating that global optima must be assessed as a compromise of select or target print qualities.

Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose controls the diffusion behavior of pico-liter scale ink droplets on silk to improve inkjet printing performance

In this study, a simple and effective coating method to improve printing quality and material utilization rate was proposed. The flow behavior of pico-liter scale ink droplets on the silk fabric surfaces which treated separately with Sodium alginate (SA), Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) was observed and measured. Indeed, based on the direct empirical results, the optimal pretreatment process on the fabrics, aiming to increase the ink utilization rate and further improve the surface printing clarity, has been obtained in the experiments. Studies on rheological property, surface activity, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and contact angle have shown that HEMC can form the densest and smoothest film on silk fabrics, where the most hydrophobic surface arises. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results indicate that the surface of the fabric is covered with films of different properties formed by the treatment solution, and confirmed that the films formed by HEMC were more hydrophobic. The spreading motion of ink droplets revealed that although the hydrophobicity of HEC and HEMC effectively restrain the flow of ink droplet along the fiber, and the length and width of one-ink droplet deposition are minimum in HEMC treated fabric. Similarly, the findings on color performance suggest that HEMC has absolutely comparative advantage over HEC in improving the color effect of printing, with dye utilization rate of three different colors increasing by 68.7 %–80.0 %.

Influence of cellulose ethers chemistry and substitution degree on the setting and early-stage hydration of calcium sulphoaluminate cement

The setting and hydration process of calcium sulphoaluminate (CSA) cement within 24 h in the presence of five grades of cellulose ethers (CE) that have different chemistry or substitution degrees were studied by the Vicat test, ultrasonic test and isothermal calorimetry. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was further utilized to characterize the mineral phases of hydrates. Test results reveal that hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) prolongs the setting time less than hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC). Higher CE dosage causes very limited change to the setting time of the mortar with HEMC/HPMC but narrows their gap with HEC. CE advance the second exothermal peak of CSA cement hydration where HEC works the most while highly-substituted HEMC/HPMC do the least. The trend is more pronounced at high dosage. The total hydration heat and the crystalized phases of hydrates are impacted slightly. CE work similarly in mortar on hydration to that in cement paste, but their effect is greatly weakened. A model is proposed to illustrate the hydration process. CE film is suggested to work as a medium for easier water migration that helps with the acceleration of the cement hydration reaction.

A comparative physio-chemical study of steel slag blended cementitious materials in presence of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose

The applications of steel slag (SS) in the cement industry provide a sustainable solution both for construction materials and industrial solid wastes, but the problem of easily bleeding presents a threat to its later performance and utilization efficiency. This work was designed to improve the water retention of SS blended cement by using hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) and evaluate the physio-chemical properties of the modified SS cement. The interaction mechanism between HEMC and SS blended cement was explored via calorimetry, acoustic and electroacoustic spectrometer, low-field NMR relaxometry, XRD, TG-DSC, as well as fluorescent microscopy. Results show that the water retention of SS blended cement mortar is improved both by ultra-fine grinding and incorporating HEMC, while the water retention rates are prominently increased from 84.87% to 94.35% by 0.1% HEMC. Ultra-fine grinding is able to activate SS and improve water retention ability more efficient compared with the application of HEMC. HEMC does not modify the amount of hydration heat but postpones the occurrence of the exothermic peak. A sudden increase in zeta potential demonstrates the Ca2+-adsorption on surfaces of SCM and cement particles. An additional peak commences on the 1H NMR spectrum of HEMC incorporated cement paste, which reflects the water adsorbed by HEMC, starting to submerge after 500 min via the desorption of water. HEMC affects the SS blended mortar via adsorbing on particles in the paste, capturing water and Ca2+ around it, thus improving the water retention and retarding the hydrate-polymerization.