Hydrogen Transfer Reactions Research Articles

Effect of carbon modifier on characteristics and catalytic properties of zeolite–carbon hybrid supported Zr towards γ-valerolactone production

Developing efficient and stable solid functional materials for the catalytic upgrading of biomass-based platform furanic molecules is of great significance to produce value-added chemicals and biofuels. We herein report β-zeolite (β)/biobased carbon hybrids supported Zr species towards the cascade conversion of furfural into γ-valerolactone (GVL) with high activity and favorable stability. The role and importance of carbon modifier were highlighted. The cellulose (CEL) modified Zr/β-CEL catalyst was found to be uniquely effective, leading to an increase of GVL yield from 49.3% to 81.1%. Catalyst characterizations revealed that the structural integrity of β was largely preserved using CEL as the carbon modifier, accompanied by the increased mesopore volume and pore size for better accessibility of active sites and diffusion of reactants. Simultaneously, the presence of CEL offered an appropriate ratio of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites due to the well incorporation and dispersion of Zr species, which ensured the successive transfer hydrogenation and ring-opening reactions. Kinetic studies demonstrated the positive effect of CEL modification on reducing the apparent activation energy and thereby facilitating the GVL formation. More importantly, Zr/β-CEL with enhanced structural stability also exhibited markedly higher recyclability compared with the pristine Zr/β. The understanding on the roles of carbon modifier can be employed to optimize the physicochemical properties of zeolite-based catalysts for roundly improving the catalytic reactivity of biomass-related compounds.

Heterocyclic compounds: their potential application as antimicrobials of health importance and in the catalytic hydrogen transfer reaction

Heterocyclic compounds: their potential application as antimicrobials of health importance and in the catalytic hydrogen transfer reaction

Potassium regulating electronic state of zirconia supported palladium catalyst and hydrogen spillover for improved acetylene hydrogenation

High-selectivity acetylene hydrogenation to produce ethylene is an important issue of removing acetylene impurity in ethylene for industrial polyethylene production. Developing high-efficiency catalyst with excellent ethylene selectivity and catalytic durability is desirable but still challenging. In this work, potassium doped palladium catalysts supported on zirconia with different K contents (Pd/ZrO2-xK) have been developed to catalyze acetylene hydrogenation, the Pd/ZrO2-16K exhibits impressive catalytic performance with acetylene conversion of 100 %, ethylene selectivity of 81 % and high catalytic durability. In situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), in situ synchrotron radiation photoionization mass spectrometry (SR-PIMS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that K doping effectively weakens the adsorption of ethylene by regulating the electronic state of catalyst to improve ethylene selectivity and substantially lowers the barriers of hydrogen activation and transfer reactions to favor hydrogen spillover, thus conferring a remarkably improved durability on the Pd/ZrO2-16K catalysts.

Novel Metallomacrocyclic Carboxamide Mn(II) Complexes as Efficient Catalysts for the Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones

AbstractHerein, we present the first metallomacrocyclic Mn(II) complexes as efficient catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones. The dinuclear Mn(II) complexes [Mn2(L1–L4)2Cl2] (Mn1–Mn4), were synthesised in good yields by reacting MnCl2 ⋅ 4H2O with the ligands N,N′‐(1,4‐phenylene)dipicolinamide (L1), N,N′‐(1,2‐phenylene)dipicolinamide (L2), N,N′‐(4‐methoxy‐1,2‐phenylene)dipicolinamide (L3) and N,N′‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐1,2‐phenylene)dipicolinamide (L4). Structural characterization of the resulting Mn(II) complexes was achieved using FT‐IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, magnetic moment measurements, elemental analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction for Mn2. The solid‐state structure of complex Mn2 reveals a dinuclear Mn(II) core, in which the metal coordination sphere consists of two bidentate, K2(N−O) bridging L2 units and two chlorido ligands to give a distorted octahedral geometry. The Mn(II) complexes (Mn1–Mn4) were quite active catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones displaying turnover numbers (TON) of up to 2633, which is comparable to those of well‐established Mn(I) catalysts. The new Mn(II) complexes also efficiently hydrogenated a number of aromatic, heterocyclic, functionalized and aliphatic ketones. More significantly, cheaper, and readily available hydrogen sources like ethanol also gave decent catalytic activities in the transfer hydrogenation reactions.

Controllable synthesis of gallium-containing MFI zeolite for bifunctionally catalyzing methanol aromatization

Ga-MFI zeolites with controllable crystal sizes were hydrothermally synthesized by using colloidal silicalite-1 as seed crystals and their catalytic performances for methanol-to-aromatics (MTA) were evaluated. It was found that the crystal size of as-made Ga-MFI zeolite became small with the adding amounts of seed crystals. Small-sized Ga-MFI zeolite with short channels shows much better coking-resistance and thus longer catalytic lifetime owning to its more favorable outward diffusion of aromatic products. In addition, the stability could be further improved by impregnating gallium species into Ga-MFI zeolite, but which slightly sacrificed its aromatic selectivity. The Ga species with different locations in zeolite play distinct roles in MTA. The weak intrinsic protonic acidity from tetrahedral framework Ga3+ could suppress hydrogen transfer reactions for light alkane formation while non-framework gallium species especially Ga2O3 nanoparticles promoted the dehydrocyclization process. The synergy between the strong Brønsted and weak Lewis acid sites contributes to the excellent aromatic yield.

Enhanced monoaromatic hydrocarbons production via pressurized catalytic pyrolysis of end-of-life tires

One of the most active research lines in the area of end-of-life tires (ELT) recycling is pyrolysis, which consists of a thermal decomposition at moderate temperatures and in absence of oxygen. This process was initially focused on the recovery of carbon black and energy, this last by combustion of both the gas and liquid fractions obtained. However, its rentability and alignment to the circular economy goals would be improved if added-valuable chemicals were produced from the pyrolytic oil. For this purpose, the application of catalysts (catalytic pyrolysis) and modification of some operation conditions have been approached in previous works. However, pressure has been missed until now despite the important role it may play affecting the volatilization process, the vapors residence time and the pyrolytic compounds-catalyst contact. This work reports for first time a comprehensive study that demonstrates that carrying out catalytic pyrolysis under moderate pressure (10 bar) is very beneficial to improve the quality of the oil. Thermal and ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis have been performed in a fixed-bed reactor using a real scrap tire as feedstock. Both pressure and catalyst/tire ratio have been modified, using a nano-crystalline ZSM-5 zeolite as catalyst. Increasing the pressure from 1 to 10 bar leads to a slight reduction in the oil yield, which is somewhat more remarkable in the presence of catalyst. Nevertheless, the resulting pyrolysis oil was enriched in marketable monoaromatics (benzene, toluene, xylenes, ethylbenzenes and cymenes) due to a promotion of hydrogen transfer and aromatization reactions. In the case of pressurized catalytic tests, there was a drastic increase in the monoaromatic mass yields, reaching values up to 23–26 % and concentrations in the oil of 50–56 wt%. Finally, the feasibility to regenerate and reuse the catalyst by thermal treatment has been also approached, observing minor changes in its structural and activity properties.

Biocatalytic characterization of an alcohol dehydrogenase variant deduced from Lactobacillus kefir in asymmetric hydrogen transfer

Hydrogen transfer biocatalysts to prepare optically pure alcohols are in need, especially when it comes to sterically demanding ketones, whereof the bioreduced products are either essential precursors of pharmaceutically relevant compounds or constitute APIs themselves. In this study, we report on the biocatalytic potential of an anti-Prelog (R)-specific Lactobacillus kefir ADH variant (Lk-ADH-E145F-F147L-Y190C, named Lk-ADH Prince) employed as E. coli/ADH whole-cell biocatalyst and its characterization for stereoselective reduction of prochiral carbonyl substrates. Key enzymatic reaction parameters, including the reaction medium, evaluation of cofactor-dependency, organic co-solvent tolerance, and substrate loading, were determined employing the drug pentoxifylline as a model prochiral ketone. Furthermore, to tap the substrate scope of Lk-ADH Prince in hydrogen transfer reactions, a broad range of 34 carbonylic derivatives was screened. Our data demonstrate that E. coli/Lk-ADH Prince exhibits activity toward a variety of structurally different ketones, furnishing optically active alcohol products at the high conversion of 65–99.9% and in moderate-to-high isolated yields (38–91%) with excellent anti-Prelog (R)-stereoselectivity (up to >99% ee) at substrate concentrations up to 100 mM.

Fabrication and characterization of ZSM-5 zeolite modified with silver and assessing its performance in petroleum waste cracking process

The purpose of this study is to modify the structure of ZSM-5 zeolite with the aim of enhancing its performance in the cracking process for the conversion of petroleum waste into higher-value products. ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method subsequently, the structure of the zeolite was modified by incorporating silver using the incipient wetness impregnation method. Then the synthesized sample was evaluated for its performance in a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process, conducted under atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of 450 °C. The performance of the silver-doped ZSM-5 zeolite was compared to that of a basic catalyst, which employed USY (ultra-stable Y) zeolite. To characterize the silver-doped ZSM-5 zeolite, various analytical techniques were employed. These included X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), temperature-programmed desorption of NH3 (NH3-TPD) and N2 adsorption–desorption. The findings of the study revealed that the modification of ZSM-5 zeolite's structure with silver led to an increase in the yield of propylene production from 6.99 % to 9.78 %. Additionally, the results demonstrated that the incorporation of silver into the zeolite structure enhanced the yield reaction, as evidenced by the measurement of American Petroleum Institute (API) index. The presence of smaller pores and the specific types of pores in Ag/ZSM-5 zeolite reduced secondary reactions. Moreover, the interaction between silver species and strong acid sites within the modified zeolite structure limited hydrogen transfer reactions and consequently increased the zeolite's overall activity.

Substituent Effects and Mechanistic Insights on the Catalytic Activities of (Tetraarylcyclopentadienone)iron Carbonyl Compounds in Transfer Hydrogenations and Dehydrogenations.

(Cyclopentadienone)iron carbonyl compounds are catalytically active in carbonyl/imine reductions, alcohol oxidations, and borrowing hydrogen reactions, but the effect of cyclopentadienone electronics on their activity is not well established. A series of (tetraarylcyclopentadienone)iron tricarbonyl compounds with varied electron densities on the cyclopentadienone were prepared, and their activities in transfer hydrogenations and dehydrogenations were explored. Additionally, mechanistic studies, including kinetic isotope effect experiments and modifications to substrate electronics, were undertaken to gain insights into catalyst resting states and turnover-limiting steps of these reactions. As the cyclopentadienone electron density increased, both the transfer hydrogenation and dehydrogenation rates increased. A catalytically relevant, trimethylamine-ligated iron compound was isolated and characterized and was observed in solution under both transfer hydrogenation and dehydrogenation conditions. Importantly, it was catalytically active in both reactions. Kinetic isotope effect data and initial rates in transfer hydrogenation reactions with 4'-substituted acetophenones provided evidence that hydrogen transfer from the catalyst to the carbonyl substrate occurred during the turnover-limiting step, and NMR spectroscopy supports the trimethylamine adduct as an off-cycle resting state and the (hydroxycyclopentadienyl)iron hydride as an on-cycle resting state. In transfer dehydrogenations of alcohols, the use of electronically modified benzylic alcohols provided evidence that the turnover-limiting step involves the transfer of hydrogen from the alcohol substrate to the catalyst. The trimethylamine-ligated compound was proposed as the primary catalyst resting state in dehydrogenations.

Competing Excited-State Hydrogen and Proton-Transfer Processes in 6-Azaindole-S3,4 and 2,6-Diazaindole-S3,4 Clusters (S=H2 O, NH3 ).

Excited state hydrogen (ESHT) and proton (ESPT) transfer reaction pathways in the three and four solvent clusters of 6-azaindole (6AI-S3,4 ) and 2,6-diazaindole (26DAI-S3,4 )(S=H2 O, NH3 ) were computationally investigated to understand the fate of photo-excited biomolecules. The ESHT energy barriers in (H2 O)3 complexes (39.6-41.3 kJmol-1 ) were decreased in (H2 O)4 complexes (23.1-20.2 kJmol-1 ). Lengthening the solvent chain lowered the barrier because of the relaxed transition states geometries with reduced angular strains. Replacing the water molecule with ammonia drastically decreased the energy barriers to 21.4-21.3 kJmol-1 in (NH3 )3 complexes and 8.1-9.5 kJ mol-1 in (NH3 )4 complexes. The transition states were identified as Ha atom attached to the first solvent molecule. The formation of stronger hydrogen bonds in (NH3 )3,4 complexes resulted in facile ESHT reaction than that in the (H2 O)3,4 complexes. The ESPT energy barriers in 6AI-S3,4 and 26DAI-S3,4 were found to range between 40-73 kJmol-1 . The above values were significantly higher than that of the ESHT processes and hence are considered as a minor channel in the process. The effect of N(2) insertion was explored for the very first time in the isolated solvent clusters using local vibrational mode analysis. In DAI-S4 , the higher Ka (Ha ⋯Sa ) values depicted the increased photoacidity of the N(1)-Ha group which may facilitate the hydrogen transfer reaction. However, the increased N(6)⋯Hb bond length elevated the reaction barriers. Therefore, in the ESHT reaction channel, the co-existence of two competing factors led to a marginal/no change in the overall energy barriers due to the N(2) insertion. In the ESPT reaction pathway, the energy barriers showed notable increase upon N(2) insertion because of the increased N(6)⋯Hb bond length.

Oxygenated groups enriched polyolefin-Zr(IV) complexes catalyzing low-temperature transfer hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural with 2-propanol

Zr4+−O2− pairs in MOFs and macromolecule − Zr(IV) complexes have proved one of the ideal catalytic components for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural. However, restricted by limited adjustability of Zr4+−O2− coordination environment and the complex design and creation of ligand defects, currently, there are only a few efficient low-temperature (<100 °C) catalytic systems. In this work, oxygenated groups enriched polyolefin − Zr(IV) complexes were prepared and fixed on/in mesoporous silica aerogel support. The complexes possessed a stable structure with CC bonds as the connecting skeleton of each oxygenated group, and the types and densities of oxygenated groups (COOH, SO3H, and OH) could be easily adjusted by using different monomers. In the catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction of furfural and 2-propanol, the catalyst synthesized using dicarboxylic maleic acid as a monomer of polyolefin exhibited the best catalytic performance in low temperatures, the main product furfuryl alcohol with a high yield of 96.0 % and a high selectivity of 98.2 % was obtained at 85 °C for 8 h. In 6 cycles of reactions at 85 °C, the furfuryl alcohol yield decreased gradually from 96 % in the 1st cycle to 84.0 % in the 4th cycle and further restored to 90.9 % and 89.3 % in the 5th and 6th cycles, respectively, by refreshing the used catalyst with methanol washing, and there was almost no leaching of Zr4+ species in the reaction medium. The catalyst poisoning experiment with acidic and basic sites shielded by pyridine and boric acid, respectively, showed that the catalytic activity was more sensitive to the shielding of basic sites, and the isotope experiments revealed that two H of the product furfuryl alcohol are transferred from 2-propanol. Hereby, the oxygenated group-bearing polyolefin − Zr(IV) complexes with stable structure, variable functional groups and the corresponding various Zr4+−O2– coordination pairs, are ideal catalyst candidates for the selective transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol.

Hydrogen transfer reactions via organic radicals in gamma-irradiated chibaite.

Chibaite, a silica-framework structure with cage-like voids occupied by gaseous molecules, was found in marine sediments. Its formation age could be evaluated using electron spin resonance (ESR) if the radicals formed by natural radiation can be assumed to accumulate over time. To investigate whether hydrogen transfer reactions, where organic radicals withdraw hydrogen atoms from other molecules in adjacent cages, occur in chibaite and affect ESR dating, gamma-irradiated chibaite was measured by ESR. Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl radicals and hydrogen atoms were created by gamma irradiation at 77K. The amount of tert-butyl radicals increased around 240K and the similar amount of the other organic radicals decreased simultaneously, implying that hydrogen transfer reactions occur between isobutane and the organic radicals in chibaite around 240K and therefore would have no influence on ESR dating because the reactions are completed at the environmental temperature.

Reactivation of Ni-TiO2 catalysts in hydrogen flow and in supercritical 2-propanol-Comparative study by electron spin resonance in situ.

Highly dispersed Ni-TiO2 catalyst has been studied in the process of preparation and under catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction conditions in supercritical 2-propanol (250°C, 70 bar) using electron spin resonance in situ. Electron spin resonance in situ has been used to study the process of the catalyst passivation and subsequent reduction of the oxide layer in the gas flow. Reduction of the NiO layer on the surface of passivated Ni nanoparticles has been detected in supercritical 2-propanol, which is in agreement with kinetic modeling data. It has been found that the reduction of the nickel oxide layer in supercritical 2-propanol occurs at a lower temperature compared with the reduction in hydrogen flow, according to in situ electron spin resonance study.

Unusual formation of Ir(III) complexes with non‐symmetrical NacNac ligands: Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of catalytic activity in transfer hydrogenation reduction reactions

A new type of trans‐dichloro‐Ir(III) complexes derived from non‐symmetrical NacNac‐type ligands was unexpectedly obtained as the main reaction product from the former ligands and the dimeric species [Ir(COD)Cl2]. One equivalent of LH was reacted with an excess of [Ir(COD)Cl]2 in dichloromethane or toluene as solvent and at room temperature. The general formula of the product is [IrCl2(COD)L] and was isolated as a sole product instead of the expected Ir(I) compound [Ir(COD)L]; all the new Ir(III) were prepared in high yields as microcrystalline solids. They were all stable under laboratory atmosphere, lasting for weeks in solution and for months in solid state. The structure of each compound was examined by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Complex 1k was selected for an X‐ray diffraction study. Finally, an evaluation was made of the catalytic activity of all complexes in the transfer hydrogenation reaction of ketones and imines.

Mechanism Insight into the Conversion between H2S and Thiophene during Coal Pyrolysis: A Theoretical Study.

Clean coal technology is the important thrust to the achievement of "carbon neutralization"; clearing the transformation mechanism of thiophene, the dominant organic sulfur species in coal, is conducive to promoting the development of sulfur removal technology. DFT calculations were performed, and 28 reaction paths were proposed in this research, clarifying the decomposition mechanism of thiophene and the fixation mechanism of H2S. Thiophene is pyrolyzed mainly through the hydrogen-transfer reaction, which occurs at above 2000 K rather than 800 K. The hydrogen transfer between the C-C bond rather than the C-S bond causes the ring opening. Hydrogen promotes the decomposition of thiophene, which happens at 800 K, with a molar ratio of hydrogen to thiophene of 5. Therefore, thiophene is decomposed at 800 K mainly through the hydrogenation reaction that occurs at para carbons and the C-S bond, the H2S elimination reaction, and the generation of ethane. Furthermore, H2S can be converted into thiophene through the addition reaction with unsaturated hydrocarbon, or the dehydration reaction with hydroxyl or carboxyl groups. The combination between H2S and the aliphatic compound occurs at 800 K, which is mainly influenced by the species of the functional group rather than the composition and morphology of the carbon chain. Meanwhile, the conversion of aromatic compounds tends to the generation of aryl mercaptan rather than thiophene at around 800 K.

Three Oxidative Addition Routes of Alkali Metal Aluminyls to Dihydridoaluminates and Reactivity with CO2.

Three distinct routes are reported to the soluble, dihydridoaluminate compounds, AM[Al(NONDipp )(H)2 ] (AM=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; [NONDipp ]2- =[O(SiMe2 NDipp)2 ]2- ; Dipp=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ) starting from the alkali metal aluminyls, AM[Al(NONDipp )]. Direct H2 hydrogenation of the heavier analogues (AM=Rb, Cs) produced the first examples of structurally characterized rubidium and caesium dihydridoaluminates, although harsh conditions were required for complete conversion. Using 1,4-cyclohexadiene (1,4-CHD) as an alternative hydrogen source in transfer hydrogenation reactions provided a lower energy pathway to the full series of products for AM=Li-Cs. A further moderation in conditions was noted for the thermal decomposition of the (silyl)(hydrido)aluminates, AM[Al(NONDipp )(H)(SiH2 Ph)]. Probing the reaction of Cs[Al(NONDipp )] with 1,4-CHD provided access to a novel inverse sandwich complex, [{Cs(Et2 O)}2 {Al(NONDipp )(H)}2 (C6 H6 )], containing the 1,4-dialuminated [C6 H6 ]2- dianion and representing the first time that an intermediate in the commonly utilized oxidation process of 1,4-CHD to benzene has been trapped. The synthetic utility of the newly installed Al-H bonds has been demonstrated by their ability to reduce CO2 under mild conditions to form the bis-formate AM[Al(NONDipp )(O2 CH)2 ] compounds, which exhibit a diverse series of eyecatching bimetallacyclic structures.

The effect of acid strength on the mechanism of catalytic pyrolysis reaction of n-hexane in ZSM5: A DFT study

Acid strength is an important factor affecting the reaction mechanism. The influences of different Brønsted acid strengths on the cracking path of n-hexane were systematically investigated using the density functional theory. Most of the hexane activation cracking transition states are carbenium ions with no intermediate products of five-coordinate hexanium due to the weak Brønsted acid sites were not conducive to the stabilization of hexanium ions. With increasing acid strength, the protonated cracking reaction (the rate-controlling steps of monomolecular paths) energy barrier was reduced by 38.0% and the β-scission reaction (the rate-controlling steps of bimolecular paths) energy barrier was reduced by 27.15%, where enhanced the selectivity of E&P by changing the ratio of monomolecular and bimolecular cracking. However, the optimal reaction paths, the rate-controlling steps and the order of the various reaction energy barriers haven’t been changed. In addition, decreasing the acid strength increased the energy barriers of aromatization reaction and inhibited the reaction. The effect of molecular size on aromatization was further explored. The intermolecular hydrogen transfer reaction between 2-propoxide and 3-ethylcyclohexene is the rate controlling step and the larger the cycloalkane molecule, the higher the reaction energy barrier. The catalyst design requires a reduced pore size to prevent the formation of cycloalkanes and thus inhibit side reactions to improve the selectivity of E&P.

Three-Component Synthesis of Quinoline-4-carboxylic Acids Based on Doebner Hydrogen-Transfer Reaction.

The Doebner hydrogen-transfer reaction has been developed for the synthesis of substituted quinolines from anilines possessing electron-withdrawing groups, which are known to give products in low yields when used in the conventional Doebner reaction. This reaction can be applied to not only anilines having electron-withdrawing groups but also those having electron-donating groups and can be used in the large-scale synthesis of bioactive molecules.

Sugars as Emerging Hydrogen Donors in the Synthesis of Alditol via Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation

AbstractThe utilization of biomass‐derived sugars as the emerging hydrogen donor in catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) reactions has received great attention in recent years. In this work, we proposed two CTH routes of alditol production in the aqueous solution, i. e. self‐disproportionation of sugar and cross CTH of different sugars. Both could realize the process of sugar towards alditol. Taking advantage of the differences in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation capabilities of different sugars, a high C4 alditol yield of 85.9 % was surprisingly obtained via cross CTH route using glucose as the hydrogen donor, which is much better than that obtained when using traditional hydrogen donor isopropanol. The CTH reactions using sugars as the hydrogen donor can not only reduce the utilization of fossil energy, but also provide a new pathway for the production of alditols.

Catalytic Cracking of Fischer-Tropsch Wax on Different Zeolite Catalysts

Fisher-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a promising method to make alternative hydrocarbons from biomass or other resources. Upgrading the primary FTS products is of considerable interest. Cracking FT wax is economically attractive to produce light olefins. Herein, the effects of the zeolite type, Si/Al ratio of ZSM-5, and reaction condition on the catalytic cracking of FT wax were investigated. It was found that the pore structure and acid properties of zeolites had a significant impact on the product selectivity. USY was beneficial for the production of gasoline and diesel, while β was suitable for the production of propylene and butenes, and ZSM-5 was conductive to producing ethylene and propylene. Increasing the Si/Al ratio of ZSM-5 can suppress the hydrogen transfer reaction and increase the selectivity of light olefins. When the Si/Al ratio of ZSM-5 was 140, the mass yields of ethylene, propylene, and butenes were 6.40%, 26.83%, and 20.10%, respectively.