Metal Hydrogen Research Articles

Dense Ru single-atoms integrated with sulfoacids for cellulose valorization to isosorbide

Metal-acid bifunctional catalysts are the unity of two opposites (metal-acid repelling) for cellulosic biomass valorization to isosorbide. It is challenging to improve the selectivity of metal hydrogenation catalysts and their synergism with acids for catalytic hydrolysis and dehydration to achieve substantial isosorbide. Herein, dense Ru single-atoms (10.1 wt% of Ru SAs) are anchored on sulfoacid-functionalized hollow mesoporous carbon shells, designed by assembling silica and 8-hydroxyquinoline-modified chitosan (HQ-CTS) through in situ Stöber templating strategy before pyrolysis and acid treatment. Based on X-ray absorption fine structure and computational modeling results, the structure of Ru SAs is determined as RuN4, which is more selective for a transitional glucose hydrogenation to sorbitol than Ru001 of Ru clusters. A lower-energy barrier of 1.21 (0.72) eV is delivered over RuN4 (Ru001) for glucose hydrogenation (isomerization). These Ru SAs are integrated with sulfoacids (SO3H) but resistent against acids, rendering enhanced isosorbide yield in water as compared to Ru clusters, via a one-pot cascade reaction under harsh conditions (220 °C, 6 MPa H2). The elaborately fabricated dense Ru SAs and sulfoacids, achieved by varying the addition time of HQ-CTS during the in situ Stöber templating process, improve the synergism of glucose hydrogenation with cellulose hydrolysis and sorbitol dehydration. This study provides a new idea for rational design of high-performance metal-acid bifunctional catalysts toward one-pot conversion of cellulose to isosorbide.

Mechanical, electronic and thermodynamic properties of crystalline molecular hydrogen at high pressure

Solid molecular hydrogen exhibits a rich variety of unique properties, including insulator-to-metal transition. However, the specific structure of phase III remains unclear. Experimental evidence suggests high-pressure hydrogen shows a hexagonal close-packed lattice. Therefore, as a potential candidate for phase III, the structure, energetic, mechanical, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of P6122 structure are systemically studied. It is found phase III with P6122 space group is both mechanically and thermodynamically stable within the pressure range of 120∼300 GPa. Besides, we observed significant enhancements in the bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Young's modulus. The band structures exhibit a transition from topological insulator to topological semiconductor and eventually to a Wely semimetal as the pressure increases. The electron density accumulates between pseudo “H2” molecules in the insulating phase but it partly channels into the interlayer space in the semimetallic phase. Phase III with P6122 structure is barely explored previously in solid hydrogen, therefore, we believe our present investigation contributes valuable insights towards understanding the behavior of metallic hydrogen.

Defects induced metallized boron hydride monolayers as high-performance hydrogen storage architecture

Experimental synthesis of two-dimensional boron hydride monolayer (BH-ML) (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 13,761) has motivated us to explore its application in clean energy storage. We have performed first-principles calculations based on spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the ground-state geometries, electronic structures, metal doping mechanism and hydrogen (H2) storage propensities of BH-ML. Pristine BH-ML barely binds H2, however the introduction of selected light metal dopants, such as Na, Ca, and Sc, improved the H2 adsorption mechanism tremendously. Binding energies of dopants under maximum doping concentration are found as −1.51, −2.49, and −4.54 eV for Na, Ca, and Sc, respectively, which are strong enough to ensure their uniform distribution over BH-ML without clustering. Each dopant donated bulk of its charge to BH-ML and transforms into cation and anchored multiple H2 molecules through electrostatic and van der Waals interactions. We have found that a maximum of 24H2 molecules could be adsorbed on BH-ML decorated with four metal dopants of Na, Ca, and Sc. Average adsorption energies of H2 are found within desirable range. Our results show that Na, Ca, and Sc decorated BH-ML could reach to exceptionally high H2 storage capacities of 14.84, 12.28, and 11.70%, respectively, which easily surpass the US Department of Energy (DOE) target of 5.50 wt% by 2025. We have further applied thermodynamic analysis to explain the H2 storage proficiencies at practical conditions of temperatures and pressures. Our report confirms that BH-ML decorated with light metal dopants are ideal option for high-capacity H2 storage applications.

Synergistic co-embedding of metal ions and hydrogen protons for high stability double salt aqueous aluminum battery

As a favorable competitor of the next generation for large-scale energy storage components, aluminum batteries (ABs) have received attention from all walks of life. However, the air sensitivity and corrosiveness of non-aqueous electrolytes seriously hinder the further development of aluminum ion batteries (AIBs). ABs meet the needs of green development and become a key research object. An excellent performance is reflected in the energy storage system of Al/4 M Al(OTF)3+1M Ca(OTF)2(4Al+Ca)/AlxMnO2·nH2O. It has an excellent discharge platform of 1.5 V, and can still maintain a high specific capacity of 233 mAh/g after 100 cycles. The co-intercalation of metal ions and protons has been demonstrated by EELS and SSNMR. What is most interesting is that during discharging, Ca2+ has the dual function of balancing charge and supporting material. MnO undergoes in-situ electrochemical conversion during charging and combines with Al3+ to form AlxMnO2·nH2O. In addition, the elaboration of the ion diffusion and solvation strategies inside the double-salt electrolyte is also an important exploration for the further development of aqueous aluminum batteries (AABs).

Using the Magnetic Anisotropy Method to Determine Hydrogenated Sections of a Steel Pipeline

The paper deals with a non-destructive method of detecting hydrogenated sections of pipelines, which is based on variations of the level of mechanical stresses generated in the surface layers of the steel pipe material during its hydrogenation. The use of a magnetoanisotropic method based on the phenomenon of metal magnetoelastic anisotropy development, which consists in the variation of the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials in direction and magnitude under the influence of mechanical stresses, is proposed as a way to register that variation. Based on the results of tensile testing of carbon steel plates with measurement of the difference in principal mechanical stresses (DPMS) occurring in metal, as well as experiments on electrolytic hydrogenation of specimens with measurement of the DPMS signal, it was confirmed that when steel structures are saturated with hydrogen, tensile stresses are generated in the surface layers, the magnitude of which increases as the concentration of hydrogen increases in the metal. In this case, it is assumed that the indicated dependence between the hydrogen concentration in the metal and the stresses arising as a result of hydrogenation is linear. For the example of lamellar specimens made of pipe low-carbon steel, the possibility of using the magnetoanisotropic method for registering sections of underground pipelines with a high content of hydrogen is substantiated, which can become the basis for a method of diagnosing sections of pipelines with broken insulation for the possibility of their further operation. The scientific novelty of this article is the establishment of a relationship between the hydrogen content in the metal, the stresses that arise in this case, and the change in the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials, characterized by the magnitude of the DPMS signal. This study contributes to the understanding of the process of hydrogenation of metals, and may be useful in detecting and preventing damage to gas and oil pipelines caused by hydrogen embrittlement as a cause of stress corrosion.

Nanostructured light metal hydride: Fabrication strategies and hydrogen storage performance

Hydrogen can play an important role in the development of a sustainable energy system. However, storing hydrogen in a safe, efficient and economical manner remains a huge challenge. Light metal hydrides have attracted considerable attention for hydrogen storage owing to their high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen densities. However, the strong covalent and/or ionic bonds between metal atoms and hydrogen result in slow kinetics, poor reversibility, and temperatures too high for dehydrogenation, hence delaying their practical large–scale applications. Considerable efforts have been toward tailoring the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of light metal hydride–based hydrogen storage materials for performance improvement, with the fabrication of nanoscale particles being a key and effective strategy. This review covers the preparation methods and hydrogen storage performance of nanostructured light metal hydrides. The physical and chemical properties and hydrogen storage behaviors of reversible light metal hydrides are first summarized, including MgH2, borohydrides, aluminum hydrides, amide–hydride systems, and hydride composites. The second section focuses on the research progress in nanostructuring for enhancing the reversible hydrogen storage properties of these hydrides. Finally, the main challenges and the future research prospects are discussed. The combination of nanostructuring and nanocatalysis can significantly enhance the performance of these hydrides and make them practical hydrogen carriers.

Adsorption properties and mechanism of suaeda biochar and modified materials for tetracycline

Adsorption was an available way to eliminate Tetracycline (TC) from waste water. Suaeda biochar (800SBC) and iron modified biochar (Fe–800SBC) were prepared using pyrolysis under oxygen-limiting conditions. BET and SEM showed that the surface of Fe–800SBC was rougher, and the specific surface area (SBET) was 7 times that of 800SBC. There existed pore filling, ion exchange, metal ion complexation, hydrogen bonds and cation-π interaction mechanism. Both 800SBC and Fe–800SBC conformed to quasi-second-order kinetics model, belonged to chemisorption. Fe–800SBC conformed to Elovich model too. The adsorption process of 800SBC conformed to Freundlich and Sips L-F models, Fe–800SBC conformed to the Sips L-F and Temkin models, identifying the presence of physical and chemical adsorption during adsorption. Response surface method (RSM) was used to optimize important process parameters. The quadratic model was sufficient to predict TC removal response in the range of studied parameters.

The intriguing bifunctional effect of strong metal support interaction (SMSI) and hydrogen spillover effect (HSPE) for effective hydrogen evolution reaction

The mechanistic insights behind the kinetics of Hydrogen evolution reaction are unraveled through the bifunctional effect - Strong Metal Support Interaction (SMSI) and Hydrogen Spillover Effect (HSPE) on the WO3 hexagonal nanorods decorated with gold clusters and supported on the reduced graphene layers. The investigation is extended to scaling the electrocatalyst in a flexible electrode-carbon fiber for robust hydrogen evolution reaction in broad pH spectra. The research found that the proposed electrocatalyst demonstrated a reduced overpotential of 20 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm2 in acidic conditions and the stability of the ternary catalyst was verified through the Pourbaix profile. The Tafel slope was also comparable to that of the noble metal electrocatalyst Pt/C, with values of 35 mV dec–1 in 0.5 M H2SO4. The study demonstrated the potential for large-scale application of the proposed catalyst with stable operation observed for 24 h.

Application Progress of Ester Hydrogenation Catalysts

Ester hydrogenation is a fresh approach to preparing alcohols or monoesters, which is used to obtain the required specific length of carbon atoms to replace the alcohol molecules to produce the corresponding esters or alcohols by the action of a catalyst, and has various applications in energy, chemical and food industries. The process involves the hydrogenation of the reactant esters to produce alcohols through catalysis. The process has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, few by-products and simple operation. Currently, there are two main approaches to ester-catalyzed hydrogenation: one is the application of noble metal hydrogenation catalysts, which is generally carried out in the air; the other is loaded metal catalysts that control the reaction activity by adjusting the reaction temperature, metal particle size and other factors. This paper reviews and summarizes the current status and problems in the application of these three methods: platinum-based non-homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation, transition metal-loaded catalysts and the application of rare earth metals.

Interplay of hydrogen and point defects in B2-type PdCu: A density functional theory study

To improve the performance of hydrogen-permeable alloys, quantitatively elucidating the metal–hydrogen interactions and identifying the controlling factors that govern the bottleneck step of the hydrogen permeation process are essential. In this study, based on the density functional theory, we characterized the interactions of hydrogen with point defects (such as antisite atoms and vacancies) in B2-type non-stoichiometric PdCu alloys, which are promising candidate materials for low-temperature working membranes for hydrogen purification. We proposed a “double defect” mechanism that produces a new type of defect complex with an atomic configuration similar to the Cu vacancy in B2-type PdCu alloys. We found that both Cu vacancies and double defects can act as strong hydrogen-trapping sites and are thus responsible for the marked decrease in hydrogen diffusivity. In contrast, antisite Cu atoms only repel H atoms and do not significantly hinder hydrogen diffusion. Whereas the binding energy of hydrogen to Cu vacancies and double defects exceeded 0.3 eV when relatively few (one or two) H atoms were trapped, the binding energy of hydrogen to Pd vacancies was substantially smaller (0.02 eV at most). Therefore, in Cu-rich non-stoichiometric PdCu alloys, the double defects may be the major hydrogen trapping sites. Furthermore, the effects of hydrogen on the formation of Pd vacancies, Cu vacancies, and double defects in B2-type PdCu alloys were clarified. Notably, double-defect formation from Pd vacancies in B2-type PdCu was significantly enhanced by the presence of nearby H atoms. This phenomenon, in which vacancies in B2-type intermetallic compounds transform into defect complexes in the presence of hydrogen, is postulated for the first time in this study. The findings of this study contribute to further understanding the driving forces for the formation of vacancy-hydrogen complexes in PdCu alloys at the atomic level and provide theoretical support for identifying the lattice defects that inhibit hydrogen permeability in Pd-based membranes.

La–Ca/Fe–LDH-coupled electrochemical enhancement of organophosphorus removal in water: Organophosphorus oxidation improves removal efficiency

Metal ions or metal (hydrogen) oxides are widely used as active sites in the construction of phosphate-adsorbing materials in water, but the removal of soluble organophosphorus from water remains technically difficult. Herein, synchronous organophosphorus oxidation and adsorption removal were achieved using electrochemically coupled metal–hydroxide nanomaterials. La–Ca/Fe–layered double hydroxide (LDH) composites prepared using the impregnation method removed both phytic acid (inositol hexaphosphate, IHP) and hydroxy ethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP) acid under an applied electric field. The solution properties and electrical parameters were optimized under the following conditions: organophosphorus solution pH = 7.0, organophosphorus concentration = 100 mg L−1, material dosage = 0.1 g, voltage = 15 V, and plate spacing = 0.3 cm. The electrochemically coupled LDH accelerates the removal of organophosphorus. The IHP and HEDP removal rates were 74.9% and 47%, respectively in only 20 min, 50% and 30% higher, respectively, than that of La–Ca/Fe–LDH alone. The removal rate in actual wastewater reached 98% in only 5 min. Meanwhile, the good magnetic properties of electrochemically coupled LDH allow easy separation. The LDH adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. It exhibits a stable structure under electric field conditions, and its adsorption mechanism mainly includes ion exchange, electrostatic attraction, and ligand exchange. This new approach for enhancing the adsorption capacity of LDH has broad application prospects in organophosphorus removal from water.

Ultrahigh Selective Hydrogenation of Furfural Enabled by Modularizing Hydrogen Dissociation and Substrate Activation

Designing optimal heterogeneous metal hydrogenation catalysts for biomass conversion with simultaneously high activity and selectivity is a significant but challenging topic. Herein, we report a modularized hydrogenation mode with hydrogen dissociation and substrate activation on different sites (e.g., Pt and Cu), where Pt nanoclusters are responsible for H2 dissociation and Cu nanoparticles act as the active center for further substrate activation. Specifically, TS-1 zeolite@mesoporous silica with a core–shell structure was fabricated, in which the Pt and Cu species are confined within micropores and mesopores, respectively. Such configurations allow facile dissociation of H2 on Pt sites, followed by the migration of spilled-over hydrogen atoms to the Cu sites where the adsorbed substrates are activated for catalytic hydrogenation. This synergy yields an efficient furfural hydrogenation system with a high turnover frequency (32.8 h–1) and a remarkable furfuryl alcohol selectivity (>99.6%). The modularizing strategy opens up an innovative pathway for fabrication of hydrogenation catalysts with outstanding activity and high selectivity.

Modeling and Simulation of the Isomerization of n-Heptane over a Molybdenum Oxycarbide Catalyst for Elucidation of the Bifunctional Mechanism

In this work, the rates of reaction in the hydroisomerization of n-heptane over a molybdenum oxycarbide catalyst were formulated in terms of the transition state theory by applying the single-event kinetic modeling approach. The isomerization reaction was carried out between 603 and 643 K at 18.5 bar on a feedstock of n-heptane (8.3 mol %) and hydrogen (91.7 mol %). A bifunctional mechanism was shown to predominate at the rather high reaction temperature, and the reaction network was described by a bifunctional mechanism using 16 independent kinetic parameters, obtaining a good reproduction of the experimental data. On the acid sites, elementary steps such as (de)protonation, PCP isomerization, β-scission, methyl shift, and hydride shift were taken into account. On the metal sites, (de)hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis were accounted for. By applying the model to the simulation of a fixed bed reactor, an optimum volumetric yield of 95.43 vol % with an RON increase of 36.7 was obtained at 643.15 K. The low cracking selectivity of molybdenum oxycarbide makes it a potential catalyst for the isomerization of n-heptane and heavier paraffins.

Research advances on electrode materials for solid oxide electrolysis cells

Solid oxide electrolytic cell (SOEC) is an energy conversion device that transfers electrical energy into chemical energy. It has garnered significant attention due to its high efficiency and thick current density. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are two crucial half-reactions of SOEC, while both require excellent electrochemical performance under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions. Therefore, high catalytic activity and good stability of electrode materials are crucial for the practical application of SOEC. The perovskite structure of the oxygen electrodes has outstanding OER activity, while metal ceramic and metal oxide hydrogen electrodes possess good redox properties. This article firstly demonstrates the influence of the physical and electrochemical properties of electrode materials on the performance of SOEC, then illustrates the optimization strategies for electrode materials to improve electrolysis efficiency and extend service life. Finally, the research priorities for the future development of electrode material are summarized.

Ginzburg–Landau surface energy of multiband superconductors: derivation and application to selected systems

We determine the energy of an interface between a multiband superconducting and a normal half-space, in presence of an applied magnetic field, based on a multiband Ginzburg–Landau (GL) approach. We obtain that the multiband surface energy is fully determined by the critical temperature, electronic densities of states, and superconducting gap functions associated with the different band condensates. This furthermore yields an expression for the thermodynamic critical magnetic field, in presence of an arbitrary number of contributing bands. Subsequently, we investigate the sign of the surface energy as a function of material parameters, through numerical solution of the GL equations. Here, we consider two distinct cases: (i) standard multiband superconductors with attractive interactions, and (ii) a three-band superconductor with a chiral ground state with phase frustration, arising from repulsive interband interactions. Furthermore, we apply this approach to several prime examples of multiband superconductors, such as metallic hydrogen and MgB2, based on microscopic parameters obtained from first-principles calculations.

Indirect evidence for elemental hydrogen in laser-compressed hydrocarbons

We demonstrate a significantly simplified experimental approach for investigating liquid metallic hydrogen, which is crucial to understand the internal structure and evolution of giant planets. Plastic samples were shockcompressed and then probed by short pulses of X-rays generated by free electron lasers. By comparison with ab initio simulations, we provide indirect evidence for the creation of elemental hydrogen in shock-compressed plastics at ∼150GPa and ∼5,000K and thus in a regime where hydrogen is predicted to be metallic. Being the most common form of condensed matter in our solar system, and ostensibly the simplest of all elements, hydrogen is the model case for many theoretical studies and we provide a new possibility to benchmark models for conditions with extreme pressures and temperatures. Moreover, this approach will also allow to probe the chemical behavior of metallic hydrogen in mixture with other elements, which, besides its importance for planetary physics, may open up promising pathways for the synthesis of new materials.Received 25 April 2022Accepted 10 April 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.L022023Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasHigh-energy-density plasmasHigh-pressure studiesLaboratory studies of space & astrophysical plasmasMaterialsShock wavesTechniquesDFT+DMFTX-ray diffractionPlasma Physics

Toward using collective x-ray Thomson scattering to study C–H demixing and hydrogen metallization in warm dense matter conditions

The insulator–metal transition in liquid hydrogen is an important phenomenon to understand the interiors of gas giants, such as Jupiter and Saturn, as well as the physical and chemical behavior of materials at high pressures and temperatures. Here, the path toward an experimental approach is detailed based on spectrally resolved x-ray scattering, tailored to observe and characterize hydrogen metallization in dynamically compressed hydrocarbons in the regime of carbon–hydrogen phase separation. With the help of time-dependent density functional theory calculations and scattering spectra from undriven carbon samples collected at the European x-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility (EuXFEL), we demonstrate sufficient data quality for observing C–H demixing and investigating the presence of liquid metallic hydrogen in future experiments using the reprated drive laser systems at EuXFEL.

Supramolecular Soft Material Enabled by Metal Coordination and Hydrogen Bonding: Stretchability, Self-Healing, Impact Resistance, 3D Printing, and Motion Monitoring.

Metal coordination can significantly improve the macroscopic performance of many materials by enhancing their dynamic features. In this study, two supramolecular interactions, Fe3+ -carboxylic acid coordination, and structural water-induced hydrogen bonding, into an artificial polymerwereintroduced. Various attractive features, including flexibility and stretchability, are achieved because of the bulk state and dynamic hydrogen bonds of poly(thioctic acid-water) (poly[TA-H]). These unique features are considerably enhanced after the incorporation of Fe3+ cations into poly[TA-H] because metal coordination increased the mobility of the poly[TA-H] chains. Thus, the poly(thioctic acid-water-metal) (poly[TA-HM]) copolymer exhibited better flexibility and stretchability. Moreover, notable underwater/low-temperature self-healing capacity is obtained via the synergistic effect of the metal and hydrogen bonding. Most of the impact energy is quickly absorbed by poly[TA-H] or poly[TA-HM] and effectively and rapidly dissipated via reversible debonding/bonding via the interactions between the metal and hydrogen. Macroscopic plastic deformation or structural failure is not observed during high-speed (50-70ms-1 ) impact experiments or high-altitude (90m) falling tests. Furthermore, poly[TA-HM] displayed good thermal molding properties, which enabled its processing via 3D fused deposition modeling printing. Poly[TA-HM] also showed considerable effectiveness for monitoring complicated, dynamic, and irregular biological activities owing to its highly pressure-sensitive nature.

УРАВНЕНИЕ ЭЛИАШБЕРГА, ЗАПИСАННОЕ НА МНИМОЙ ОСИ ДЛЯ ИЗОТРОПНОЙ СРЕДЫ: АЛГОРИТМ РЕШЕНИЯ И ПРИМЕРЫ РАСЧЕТОВ

At present, the task of searching for compounds with a high superconducting transition temperature ТС is a very relevant scientific direction. Usually, the calculation of ТС is performed by numerically solving the system of Eliashberg equations. This system is a system of integral equations, which, by discretizing the integrals included in it, is reduced to a system of transcendental non-linear equations, suitable for a numerical solution. In this paper, we present a set of programs for solving this system written in various forms on the imaginary axis for an isotropic medium. In addition, formulas for the Jacobian of this system are presented for the first time, the use of which in numerical calculations increases the speed and stability of calculations. As an example of the developed methods applications, the results of calculations of ТС and thermodynamic properties for the metallic hydrogen I41/amd phase under a pressure of 500 GPa are given. Also, the results of calculations of ТС for some metallic hydrides superconducting at high pressures, are given.

Degradation of the internal well equipment steel under continuous service in the corrosive and aggressive environments

Purpose is to analyze steel degradation of the internal well equipment during its continuous service while contacting directly the corrosive environments. Methods. A range of research concerning the damaged metal tubes of the internal equipment for oil and gas wells, in particular regarding continuous service tubing, comprised both standard and specific studies involving different variations of X-ray spectral analysis with the use of scanning electron microscope JSM-35CF (JEOL Company, Japan) and SEM-515 with microanalyzer Link by Philips Company. The studied samples have been made of tubing in the period of the unauthorized and emergency well shutdowns; life of the wells is 0 up to 15 years. To analyze both structure and chemical composition of metal inclusive of such gases as oxygen and hydrogen, chippings were produced mechanically from various parts of tube walls. Findings. X-ray structural studies have made it possible to obtain data confirming cementite decay (Fe3С) in the tube metal during continuous operation of the internal well equipment. X-ray structural analysis methods have helped identify the parameters of crystal lattice of a matrix; and a level of elastic distortions of the lattice (i.e. microstresses of the distortions) has been evaluated as well as carbon distribution within ferrite and cementite. The abovementioned offered the possibility to describe both reason and mechanism of the reduced resistance to corrosion in the context of internal well equipment. Originality. New regularities under cementite decay in tube metal have been identified in addition to changes in the parameters of a crystal a lattice; microstresses of the lattice distortions; and carbon distribution within ferrite and cementite. The aforesaid helps explain in a new way both reason and mechanism of the reduced resistance to corrosion in the context of internal well structures operating continuously in aggressive environments. The basic sources and mechanisms of tube steel degradation, resulting from the metal hydrogenation and oxidation, have been defined which becomes the foundation to develop scientifically the substantiated measures mitigating the negative impact on the condition of the internal well facilities operating continuously in the chemically aggressive environments. Practical implications. Degrading hydrogen effect on the crystal lattice of metal has been proved. The effect creates conditions under which tube structures of oil and gas wells experience their failure.