HYDRO Nepal Journal Research Articles

Analysis of Sediment Samples and Erosion Potential: A Case Study of Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project

Hydropower can be an effective green solution for meeting the current energy demand in Nepal. However, despite having tremendous water resources, only 2% of Nepal’s hydroelectricity potential has been tapped. Of the challenges that Nepali hydro faces, sediment erosion is a major one. Sediment erosion refers to an erosive tendency of sediment particles flowing with water over the exposed turbine parts including the runner. This paper deals with a sample analysis of sediment particles from the Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project. In this paper, we test for particle size distribution, particle count, mineral composition, and erosion potential analysis. For the mineral and erosion potential analysis, the sand samples range from 75 ìm to 200 ìm because the Tamakoshi plant consists of sediment traping system for particles larger than 150 ìm. The sediment samples were collected from three different points in the headrace and the severity of the effect of erosion has been analyzed in terms of depending variables like particle size, concentration, and mineral composition.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v16i0.12216 HYDRO Nepal Journal of Water Energy and EnvironmentIssue. 16, 2015, January Page: 28-31 Upload date: March 1, 2015

Down the Rabbit Hole

Not Available.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v16i0.12221 HYDRO Nepal Journal of Water Energy and Environment Issue. 16, 2015, January Page: 34-35 Upload date: March 1, 2015

The Case of Upper Karnali Hydroelectric Project

The Upper Karnali Hydroelectric Project, being one of the most attractive and suitable run-of-river hydropower projects for consumption of the energy in Nepal, should have been developed by Nepal for self consumption through self-construction and self-financing. The author describes that in Nepal things are not happening in a way to safeguard Nepal’s long-term national interest through deriving multiple benefits from modest and gradual way of utilization of better hydropower sites for own sake. Even the meager free entitlements are highly exaggerated in a falsified way to please India instead of striving hard for fulfilling its own need by own efforts.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v16i0.12213 HYDRO Nepal Journal of Water Energy and EnvironmentIssue. 16, 2015 January Page: 14-17 Upload date: March 1, 2015

May You Live in Interesting Times

Not Available.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v15i0.11286HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentVolume: 15, 2014, JulyPage: 21-22

Time to Make Bold and Sensible Decisions

Not Available.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v15i0.11283HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water Energy and EnvironmentVolume: 15, 2014, JulyPage: 5-5

Creative Destruction and the HIDCL

Not Available.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v14i0.11248HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water Energy and EnvironmentVolume: 14, 2014, JanuaryPage: 21-22

Hydropower Development in India

Not Available.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v14i0.11246HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of water Energy and EnvironmentVolume : 14, 2014, JanuaryPage: 13-15

Our Rights and Duties in Water resources, Question on Water and Compendium of law related to Conservation and utilization of water resources in Nepal

Not avaiableDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v13i0.10063HYDRO NEPAL Journal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentIssue No.13, July 2013Page: 88Uploaded Date: 2014-03-14

Electricity: Domestic Consumption Versus Export

Due to its unique geography, Nepal is gifted with very high hydropower potential, far greater than generally accepted figure of 83,000 MW and 43000 MW of theoretical and techno-financial viability. Our neighbors India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are suffering from huge power shortages. There is no point in debating whether Nepal’s hydropower should be for domestic consumption or for export because the potential of generating hydropower in Nepal is far greater than its domestic consumption, even in 2050. Due to the lack of appropriate policies, however, Nepal suffers from long hours of load shedding. The government policy to subsidize petroleum products was a big mistake for, like Bhutan, electricity should have been the cheapest source of energy. Politicians are focusing mostly in export oriented projects; whereas, higher importance should have been given to projects for domestic consumption. We should aim at producing twice the needed internal demand. Nepal is poised to reap huge benefits from hydropower.Key words: Hydropower; domestic consumption; load shedding; export; Nepaldoi: 10.3126/hn.v3i0.1913Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentIssue No. 3, July 2008. Page: 16-18

Water Quality Profile of Yamuna River, India

The water quality profile of a river represents the extent of its pollution in terms of health of a river with respect to its longitudinal direction. This paper deals with the water quality profile of north India’s Yamuna river using physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters that converge into a single value NSF WQI. The water quality map of the river has been prepared showing that the Delhi stretch is highly polluted due to dumping of waste and discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluents. The water quality map is a useful tool for policy makers, decision makers and environmentalists to suggest and implement appropriate conservation measures to improve the health of the water body.Key words: Water quality; pollution; river profile; indices; mapping; Indiadoi: 10.3126/hn.v3i0.1914Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 3, July 2008. Page: 19-24

Irrigation Management Transfer: A New Methodology to Improve thePerformance of Agency Managed Irrigation Systems (AMISs)

This paper presents a new concept on the management of Agency Managed Irrigation Systems with the joint participation of the agency and the users, with their defined roles and responsibilities. The message of the system governance and operation methodology are disseminated to the grass root level of the users. Resource management and water charge collection are anticipated to be firmly applied in the system. The users and Water User's Association and also Department of Irrigation field staff will be well trained in the Irrigation Management Transfer process with capacity building. For sustainability, monitoring and evaluation with independent auditing are part of the process. The general Irrigation Management Transfer procedures adopted by Department of Irrigation are redefined to this new concept in the World Bank assisted Irrigation and Water Resources Management Project. Key words: Irrigation management transfer, water users, AMIS, World Bank, Nepal doi: 10.3126/hn.v3i0.1916 Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 3, July 2008. Page: 29-34

Sikkim’s Initiatives in Hydropower

Sikkim is rich in hydropower potential in spite of its small area. National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Limited (NHPC) and other private developers are entering in hydropower sector of Sikkim. Though some of local people are in the protest of dams, the Government of Sikkim is hopeful and determines to achieve benefit largely from hydropower Keywords: Sikkim, Himalayas, hydropower, environment doi: 10.3126/hn.v3i0.1919 Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 3, July 2008. Page: 38-41

Food Production: The Critical Role of Irrigation Water

As food need rises, Nepal's reliance on irrigated agriculture does increase. Increased production to satisfy the food demand of the future must essentially come from intensification, not from expansion of agriculture. Intensification potential of irrigated agriculture is much higher than rainfed system. Technologies, professionals and farmers should go together to achieve greater impacts and ensure the country's food security. Key words: Irrigated agriculture, food security, farmer participation, conjunctive use, physical infrastructure, integrated water resource management, Nepal doi: 10.3126/hn.v3i0.1918 Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 3, July 2008. Page 35-37

Application of GIS and Remote Sensing for Hydropower Development in Nepal

Nepal is endowed with abundant water resources from the availability point of view. Hydropower is considered as a viable means of economic growth for the country's overall development. The river and physiographic characteristics of Nepal offer immense possibilities for the development of hydropower schemes of different scales, and various national and international agencies have expressed keen interest. On the other hand, Nepal's biodiversity resources, a fragile landscape, scattered settlement patterns and natural resource based rural livelihoods are directly affected by hydropower development. Use of recent information about place, people and scientific analysis is crucial for addressing the environmental and socio-economic impacts of development activities. Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technology have the capabilities to create, update and manage recent information about the earth's surface and its integration with socio- economic information; but these technologies have not been used properly for the hydropower development sector in Nepal. This paper is about the application of GIS and Remote sensing technology to make the hydropower development environment friendly and to create less impact upon the rural livelihood. Key words: GIS, Remote Sensing, hydropower, watershed management, Nepal doi: 10.3126/hn.v3i0.1920 Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 3, July 2008. Page: 42-45

Miracle in Rajasthan: Traditional Practice of Rainwater Harvesting

Paper report.DOI: 10.3126/hn.v7i0.4229Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Vol 7, July, 2010 Page: 20-22 Uploaded date: 31 January, 2011

Modernization of Farmer's Managed Irrigation Systems in Nepal

The irrigation infrastructures in Farmer’s Managed Irrigation Systems (FMIS) of Nepal were mostly built from the local materials of mud, stone, and forest products with rudimentary traditional methods, practiced over many centuries. These systems are operated and maintained solely by the community farmers or an individual family. The Nepal Irrigation Sector Project (NISP), funded under the credit assistances of the World Bank, sponsored the modernization of these FMIS in the three western regions of Nepal from 1998 to 2004. The paper gives an account of the infrastructures built under the project to modernize the FMIS, and presents some facts about the impacts of the assistances to FMIS in relieving problems faced by farmers. The structures in the FMIS differ nominally according to the ecological region, due to the terrain and characteristics of the conveyance systems. In the hills, generally, lining and cross drainage structures are common; whereas, in the Terai, it is mostly the headworks structure due to lack of traditional materials as shrubs and forest products. The NISP assisted these FMIS with the participation of the users and their contribution in the civil works from seven to 15 percent. The users were involved in the design and construction of the infrastructures from the very initiation of the schemes. The project had good impacts on system performance and, thus, in agriculture production.Key words: FMIS; Irrigation; Participatory development; Water distribution; Modernization; NepalDOI: 10.3126/hn.v6i0.4196Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentVol. 6, January 2010Page: 55-60Uploaded Date: 24 January, 2011

Decision Making in the Electricity Bureaucracy: Case of Budhi Gandaki

There is a power shortage in the Nepalese market and in the peaking demand as well. This clearly indicates the need for storage type hydropower stations. The Budhi Gandaki (storage) Project (BGP) was identified and studied in 1983. The project has been proposed with an installed capacity of 600 MW by constructing a 225 m high dam on Budhi Gandaki River in central Nepal. The main attraction of this project is its nearness to the load centers. The government of Nepal decided to implement the project for more than three times; but there were no seriously interested investor. It has been 25 years that we have been talking about this project; but why the project is not happening is a crucial question to be addressed. Only recently, six developers have shown interest to develop it in association with the Nepal Electricity Authority. It is also interesting to know about the status of this project that has been left untouched since early studies in the 1980s. Further, there is a proposal of a road construction network in the BGP site area which might ruin the project.Key words: Storage type hydropower projects; Downstream benefits; Private investment; Resettlement and rehabilitationDOI: 10.3126/hn.v6i0.4197Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Vol. 6, January 2010Page: 61-64Uploaded Date: 24 January, 2011

Water Storage for Food Security in Nepal

Increasing trend of water scarcity for drinking, irrigation, hydropower generation and other purposes has been a serious challenge for Nepal. As food need rises, the country's reliance on irrigated agriculture increases. The existing run-of-river types of irrigation systems provide little leverage in providing adequate, timely and equitable water supply to the farmers' fields. With the approval of the 2002 Water Resources Strategy, the country is in the process of changing its water development paradigm from sect oral to integrated water resource management. In this context, intensification of agriculture is the most viable option of achieving food security and this requires assured supply of irrigation water which is possible mainly through water storage systems.Key words: Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM); Irrigation; Water storage; Agriculture intensification; NepalDOI: 10.3126/hn.v7i0.4234Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Vol 7, July, 2010Page: 35-37Uploaded date: 31 January, 2011

Revision of the West Seti Dam Design in Nepal

Recent research on the effects of seismic activity on concrete faced rock-filled dams (CFRD) is examined in light of the potential CFRD-type West Seti Dam under consideration in Nepal. Revision of Nepal’s West Seti Dam design is recom-mended.Key words: Concrete faced rock-filled dams (CFRD); Seismic activity; West Seti Dam; NepalDOI: 10.3126/hn.v6i0.4195Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Vol. 6, January 2010Page: 52-54Uploaded Date: 24 January, 2011

Rain Water Harvesting in Kathmandu

Not available.DOI: 10.3126/hn.v7i0.4230Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Vol 7, July, 2010 Page: 17-19 Uploaded date: 31 January, 2011