The drive of the transport machine in extreme conditions should provide high reliability and durability. For this purpose the tooth gearing should have constant gearing of cogwheels. In a number of patents transmission in the form of the hydraulic converter and not switched tooth gearing is presented. However the hydraulic converter considerably complicates transfer and reduces its reliability. Transmission of extreme transport technique should have a simple design and control and to meet extreme requirements. It is expedient to use not switched adaptive tooth gearing based on a phenomenon of mechanical power adaptation. The present work is devoted working out and a theoretical substantiation of effective adaptive transmission for the transport technique working in extreme conditions.