Rupture Of Hydatid Cyst Research Articles

S3101 When a Cyst Isn't Just a Cyst: A Rare Case of a Hydatid Liver Cyst Caused by Echinococcus in the United States

Introduction: Echinococcus Granulosus is a parasite that causes hydatid disease. It is endemic to many countries but is rarely seen in the US, particularly in the Northeast. We present a case of a 22-year-old American male with a hydatid liver cyst due to an Echinococcus infection. Case Description/Methods: 22-year-old obese male presented to a local hospital for RUQ abdominal pain that radiated throughout his abdomen. He denied recent diet changes, travel or sick contacts.On presentation the patient had leukocytosis, transaminitis, hyperbilirubinemia and an elevated alkaline phosphatase. CT abdomen showed mild splenomegaly and a new 8.6cm diameter heterogeneous low density poorly enhancing mass in the right hepatic lobe. RUQ US revealed a heterogeneous irregularly marginated hypoechoic 9.6 × 9.5 × 5.7 cm soft tissue liver mass. Abdominal MRI showed a 9.3 × 7.3 cm complex, cystic and multilobulated lesion with thick walls and internal septations in the right hepatic lobe. He was transferred to our hospital for GI evaluation, where an US guided aspiration of the collection was recommended. 5 ccs of purulent aspirate were drained, sent for culture and a hepatic drain was placed. There was no evidence of malignancy in the aspirate. He then shared that over a year before his presentation, he served 9 months in Afghanistan with the US military. An infectious workup then showed serum positive for echinococcus antibody. Treatment was started with daily oral albendazole for Cystic Echinococcus (CE). Eight and half weeks later his pain had resolved and interval improvement with decreased abscess size was seen on CT (Figure 1). Discussion: CE is common in South America, the Middle East, Africa and Asia. Most cases of CE in the US are found in immigrants from endemic countries. Local transmission has been reported in California, Alaska and the southwest US. Our case of an American male with CE highlights the importance of understanding the lifecycle of CE as there is often many years between ingestion of eggs and symptom onset. It also demonstrates the importance of obtaining enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for Echinococcus, which is 90% sensitive, prior to considering surgery for a cystic liver lesion. Rupture of hydatid cysts occurs spontaneously or during surgery and can cause multifocal dissemination leading to fever, urticaria, eosinophilia or anaphylaxis. If physicians are familiar with pathology endemic to different countries, patients will be more likely to receive timely, appropriate care.Figure 1.: A. CT abdomen completed at time of presentation demonstrating heterogenous low density and poorly enhancing mass. B. MRI abdomen completed at time of presentation showing complex cystic and multilobulated lesion with thick walls and thick internal septations. C. CT abdomen eight and half weeks after initiation of Albendazole.

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING PRESENTATION IN THORACIC HYDATID CYSTS

Hydatid cysts are widespread zoonosis that originate from the larval embodiment of the Echinococcusand can be frequently found in the lung and liver parenchyma, in addition, they emerge in various atypical locationsin the thoracic cavity such as the mediastinum, its vascular compounds and the heart, the interlobar fissures, thepleural and pericardial space, as well as the structures of the chest wall and the diaphragm. Computed tomographyas one of the most utilized instruments of radiology imaging has a crucial role in the diagnosis of hydatid cysts,depiction of their exact size and location, as well as estimation of impending complications.The aim of this pictorial review is to offer full scale understanding of the recurrent imaging findings in thoracichydatid disease as well as to display some rare, extra parenchymal involvement and a summary of the complicationsand differential diagnosis.We did an in depth analysis of 55 chest CT scans of patients with thoracic hydatid cysts from North Macedonia andall patients underwent a contrast enhanced chest CT according to appropriate diagnostic protocol on a 16- sliceSomatom GO computed tomograph (Siemens Healthineers, USA).Hydatid cysts in all 55 patients were divided by location and appearance in two by two categories, uncomplicatedparenchymal and extra parenchymal, and complicated or ruptured parenchymal and extra parenchymal cysts.Uncomplicated parenchymal hydatid cysts were presented by well circumscribed, low attenuating, homogenouslesions with smooth walls of varying thickness, whereas complicated or ruptured hydatid cysts could be categorizedin two forms, contained or complete rupture. The most frequent imaging findings were the air crescent sign,waterlily sign and dry cyst sign. Uncommon extra parenchymal hydatid cysts’ locations were the mediastinum,pericardium and the diaphragm.Computed tomography plays an important diagnostic role in common thoracic hydatid cysts and aids in theevaluation of rare and complicated cases.

Rupture of a peritoneal hydatid cyst: Rare cause of acute intestinal obstruction

Intraperitoneal rupture of the primary peritoneal hydatid cyst with an intact proligerous membrane is rare. We report the case of a 5-year-old girl who had consulted for febrile occlusive syndrome. Abdominal scan without injection found mechanical obstruction without finding the cause. Surgical exploration found a univesicular hydatid cyst of the peritoneum in the right iliac fossa ruptured with an intact proligerous membrane and blocked by the intestinal loops. The aim of this work is to report a new case of intraperitoneal rupture of a hydatid cyst with intact proligerous membrane and to specify the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties met during this complication.

Computed tomography diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid disease

Pulmonary hydatid disease is a helminthic zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus infection. The symptoms may appear several years after infection. Chest computed tomography (CT) is the preferred examination method and plays an important role in early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation. CT can be used to diagnose simple cystic lesions. However, when the cysts are infected or ruptured, atypical imaging findings such as increased cyst density, blurring of the cyst wall, and surrounding exudation may lead to misdiagnosis of lung infection or lung abscess, hindering the therapeutic effect. We analyzed and compared the atypical imaging manifestations of pulmonary simple hydatid disease and hydatid cyst rupture. The aims of this report are to improve clinicians' understanding of these diseases, promote early diagnosis and treatment, and reduce the occurrence of complications.

Management of Incidental Rupture of Abdominal Hydatid Cyst

Abdominal hydatid cyst rupture is one of the critical situations which challenged the surgeon incidentally during explorative lobotomy for acute abdominal conditions. It is considered an endemic area for hydatid disease. To study and evaluate different modalities of surgical treatments used to deal with the incidental rupture of abdominal hydatid cyst. Patient and methodology: Patients (n=200) underwent surgical treatment for abdominal hydatid cysts in Al -Kindy teaching Hospital and Diala private hospital. A review was carried out from January 1996 to January 2006. About 18 patients (6%) had a rupture of abdominal hydatid cyst; in 15 patients (83.3%), the rupture was discovered incidentally during surgery for urgent acute abdomen, and 3 patients (16.7%) were detected clinically and using ultrasound. The median age was 32 years, and the female to male ratio was 2:1. 17 patients presented with signs & symptoms of acute abdomen. 11 patients presented with hypovolaemic shock after trauma to the liver (RTA in 9 patients, anaphylactic shock in 1 patient, allergic reaction in 1 patient). 4 patients presented with spontaneous rupture, 2 presented with secondary hydatidosis, and 1 presented with haematuria. Results: Twelve females and six males were affected. Rupture of abdominal hydatid cyst was diagnosed in only three patients by history, clinical examination, and ultrasound. At the same time, the other 15 patients were diagnosed during surgery. The mean hospital stay was 14 days. About 5 patients developed post-operative complications, i.e., wound infection (n=1), stress ulceration in the duodenum (n=1), subphrenic abscess (n=1), an infected remnant of hepatic hydatid cyst cavity (n=1), and recurrence of the hydatid cyst (n=1). Unfortunately, intra-operative mortality was recorded in 1 patient. The clinical diagnosis is usually tricky, but ultrasonography is an excellent initial diagnosis in suspected cases. Keywords: Surgical treatment, Incidental Ruptured Abdominal hydatid cyst, Traumatic rupture.

Hydatid cyst of the liver fistulized into the inferior vena cava.

IntroductionFistulization or rupture of hydatid liver cysts to the inferior vena cava (IVC) is an extremely rare and life-threatening condition.Presentation of caseWe report the case of a 70-year-old patient who presented with right-upper-quadrant pain and fullness evolving for 03 months. Physical examination showed dilated veins over the anterior abdominal wall and the flanks associated with lower-extremity swelling. Computed tomograph of the abdomen showed a hydatid cyst invading segments VI and VII of the liver fistulized into the inferior vena cava. The IVC was partially trombosed. The diagnosis of a possibly ruptured hydatid cyst in the inferior vena cava was then made. The patient underwent surgical management. Per-operatively the cystic cavity had bloody content but the cysto-vascular communication was not identified. Partial cystectomy was performed leaving a fairly extensive contact between the calcified pericyst and the IVC. The postoperative course was uneventful.DiscussionRupture of the hepatic hydatid cyst into the IVC is very rare and may lead to fatal pulmonary embolism secondary to the migration of vesicles in the pulmonary artery or haemorrhagic shock. CT scan remains the best investigation method to assess the vascular links of the hepatic hydatid cyst especially with the IVC. Surgical treatment of the hepatic hydatid cyst ruptured into the IVC mandates vascular control before the hydatid cyst is punctured or removed.ConclusionFistulized hydatid cysts into the IVC should be operated on in centres equipped for extracorporeal bypass techniques, and experienced in the surgery of hepatic echinococcosis.

Anaphylactic shock following minor abdominal trauma as the initial presentation of Echinococcus cyst: a case report

BackgroundAnaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by a variety of triggers. However, anaphylaxis following an abdominal trauma is an exceptionally rare condition and could be the first and only sign of hepatic hydatid cyst, especially when no obvious etiology is present. Here, we present such a rare case and discuss relevant diagnostic and management strategy in light of the literature.Case reportThis case report refers to a 17 year-old previously healthy girl admitted in our pediatric emergency department (ED) for syncope after a minor blunt abdominal trauma. She was hypotensive on admission and shortly after she developed urticaria and angioedema. She was diagnosed with anaphylaxis and treated immediately. Possible etiologies including drug or food ingestion, insect bite, and previous allergy/anaphylaxis history were excluded. After stabilization abdominal imaging was performed, which revealed a ruptured large hepatic hydatid cyst in the vicinity of biliary tree. Albendazole treatment was started and surgical resection was performed after clinical stabilization, which confirmed the cyst rupture into the biliary ducts. Patient recovered without complications after surgery and was discharged uneventfully.ConclusionThis case report highlights that hydatid cyst rupture should be included in the differential diagnosis of anaphylaxis without obvious etiology, particularly in regions where hydatid disease is endemic. Ruptured hydatid cyst leading to anaphylaxis requires timely diagnosis, management and emergent intervention.

Pulmonary Artery Embolism Due to a Ruptured Hepatic Hydatid Cyst Into the Inferior Vena Cava: Clinical and Radiologic Imaging Findings

Background and Aim: Pulmonary embolism because of hydatid cysts is a very uncommon and lethal complication caused by a hydatid heart cyst rupture or a visceral hydatid cyst released into the venous circulation. By utilizing contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hydatid pulmonary embolism can be differentiated from other types of pulmonary embolism. MRI mainly displays the cystic nature of lesions better than CT. Pulmonary embolism should be kept in mind in patients with hepatic hydatidosis if there is a sudden occurrence of chest pain and dyspnea, particularly in regions where hydatidosis is endemic. This report aims to present the clinical and radiographic features and discuss the diagnosis and treatment procedure of our patient. Case Presentation: Here, we report a 45-year-old man with pulmonary embolism as a consequence of a ruptured hydatid liver cyst in the inferior vena cava. Multiple intra-arterial pulmonary hydatid cyst emboli originating from a hepatic hydatid cyst ruptured into the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava were seen in our patient. The patient refused the surgical treatment. Therefore, the patient was treated using Andazol (Albendazole) and Cetirizine hydrochloride. Conclusion: The present case is interesting because pulmonary embolism caused by hydatid cysts is a very uncommon clinical entity. There may be difficulties in diagnosing and treating hydatid cysts, and a definitive diagnosis was possible only by a histopathological examination.

Anaesthetic Management of Anaphylactic Shock Caused by ruptured Hydatid Cyst of the Liver: A Case Report

Hepatic hydatid disease is very common in developing nations. Although anaphylactic shock is a rare complication during anaesthesia, it can present with severe cardiovascular shock and hypersensitive reactions during surgical removal of hydatid cyst, requiring prompt emergency management. We report a case of 43 year old female posted for elective removal of hydatid cyst in the right lobe of liver under general anaesthesia. An anaesthesist should be aware of the “tell-tale” signs of anaphylaxis and be prepared for early and prompt treatment of anaphylactic shock. Anaphylactic prophylaxis and close monitoring for early diagnosis and prompt treatment of anaphylaxis are essential to avert any complications associated with anaphylactic shock.

Multiple Fat- Containing Hepatic Hydatid Cysts: A Case Report in The X- Ray Institute at Medical City Health Directorate in Iraq

Background: Hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis parasite which is still endemic in many countries all over the world especially in the developing countries. The liver is the primary site to be infested by the parasite with a rate of 60 – 75%. The right lobe of the liver gets infected in about 80% of cases. Hydatid disease of the liver is usually asymptomatic and most cases discovered accidentally on routine clinical or radiological examinations for other illness. Symptoms usually appear in complicated cases either due to rupture, secondary bacterial infection, or due to the large size of the cyst which might cause pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, discomfort, and sometimes swelling. In this case report, we reported the presence of fat globules within the hepatic hydatid cysts which is most probably due to rupture of hepatic hydatid cysts into the biliary tree. Keywords: Hepatic, hydatid cyst, fat globule and CT scan

TRAUMATIC RUPTURE OF ISOLATED SPLENIC HYDATID CYST

A traumatic rupture of isolated spleenic hydatid cyst (SHC) has been reported very rarely in the literature. In this article a case of traumatic isolated splenic hydatid cyst rupture treated with emergent surgical intervention is presented.
 The patient was brought to emergency department after an automobile accident. After 4 hours, his hemodynamic parameters deteriorated with impending frank peritonitis. Immediate laparotomy was performed due to failed non-operative treatment. The recovery was uneventful and the patient was discharged at 6th postoperative day. 
 Spleen is one of the most commonly injured solid organs in the abdomen as a result of trauma. SHC is usually solitary, though it is not common even in endemic regions, and multiple organ involvement is common if spleen is involved. In the present case, no other organ was involved besides spleen.
 Emergency surgery is the main treatment for ruptured SHC. For relapses, patient should be followed up in post-op period with 4-6 month intervals by abdomen ultrasonography, computerized tomography and indirect haemagglutination.

Traumatic Rupture of a Latent Lung Hydatid Cyst and Drowning and Asphyxia with Hydatid Fluid in a 5-year-old Boy, 2021: A Case Report

Traumatic Rupture of a Latent Lung Hydatid Cyst and Drowning and Asphyxia with Hydatid Fluid in a 5-year-old Boy, 2021: A Case Report

Primary Malignant Synovial Tumor in the Mediastinum

Primary mediastinal synovial sarcomas constitute a rare subset of mediastinal tumors. The diagnosis is often delayed at the time of presentation impacting the five-year survival rate due to its highly aggressive natural history. We report a 22-year old female with a monophasic variant of the primary mediastinal synovial sarcoma.A 22-year-old female, with a two-month history of productive cough, fever, breathlessness, was referred to our center in view of persistent right-sided hydropneumothorax despite multiple thoracocenteses. Examination revealed reduced right-sided air entry with a succussion splash. Imaging suggested a well-defined cystic lesion with fluid, air foci, and multiple septations. A provisional diagnosis of a ruptured hydatid cyst was made and exploratory thoracotomy was planned. Intraoperatively, a well-defined cystic lesion with 350 mL of hemorrhagic fluid, densely adherent to the lung and diaphragm, was found. The biopsy revealed a monophasic spindle cell variant of the primary synovial sarcoma. Follow-up positron emission tomography (PET) on postoperative day 20 showed no residual disease and evidence of metastasis. However, the patient was lost to follow up following one cycle of chemotherapy with ifosfamide.Primary mediastinal synovial sarcomas are aggressive tumors that warrant an early diagnosis for prompt treatment. They usually present with non-specific respiratory symptoms. The gold standard of diagnostic modalities is a molecular panel looking for the translocation - t(X;18)(p11;q11). However, in low-middle income countries, a biopsy may be more practical, as they are cost-effective. The treatment is surgical resection, with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy if metastases are present.Our case emphasizes the early detection of this lesion, its mimicry with other lesions, and the impact of early diagnosis.

Acute intraperitoneal rupture of hydatid cysts of the liver: Case series.

Hydatid cyst is a parasitic infection caused mainly by Echinococcus granulosus, which is generally considered benign. However, the hepatic hydatid cyst rupture in the abdominal cavity is a life-threatening incident that requires urgent and multidisciplinary management (emergency physicians, radiologists, anesthetists, and surgeons). This study describes clinical and paraclinical liver hydatid cyst rupture in the peritoneal cavity and details the appropriate treatment.A retrospective review of clinical records of patients hospitalized in Jendouba Hospital for liver hydatid cyst was performed over 8 years, from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2019. Fifteen cases of liver hydatid cyst complicated with acute rupture into the abdominal cavity were collected out of 625 hydatid liver cysts. All patients underwent emergency laparotomy allowing conservative unroofing procedure associated with peritoneal lavage and external drainage combined with necessary intensive care measures. Clinical features, therapeutic procedures’ details as well as postoperative outcomes are reported. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows version 20.There were 9 men and 6 women. Patients’ age ranged from 14 to 59 years, with an average of 38 years. Two patients were admitted with abdominal trauma. Acute abdominal pain was the most common complaint. Only 1 patient had an anaphylactic shock. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography scan showed discontinuous cyst wall associated to intraperitoneal fluid in all cases. Intraoperatively, the intraperitoneal effusion was clear in 13 cases and purulent in 2. All patients underwent unroofing procedures associated with intra-operative peritoneal lavage and external drainage. The mean hospital stay was 6.11 days, and the mean follow-up was 19 months. No case of recurrence was reported among the patients.In endemic areas, rupture of a hepatic hydatid cyst in the abdominal cavity should be considered in every case of acute abdominal pain, especially if associated with anaphylaxis signs. Early management starting in the emergency room is needed to ensure good outcome.

Management of a hepatic hydatid cyst ruptured into the retroperitoneum and the abdominal wall muscles: A case report

Introduction. Hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The liver is the most commonly involved organ, followed by lungs. The most common complications of hepatic hydatid cyst are rupture into the biliary tract and secondary bacterial infection. However, rupture into the retroperitoneum and the abdominal wall muscles is exceptional. Case presentation. We describe an unusual case of a 27-year-old female who was referred to our department for right flank pain for four months. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scan revealed a huge hydatid cyst in liver segment VI fistulizing to the retroperitoneum and the lateral and posterior abdominal wall muscles, causing anterior displacement of the right kidney, with two other cysts in segment II and VIII. Surgery was performed associated with perioperative antiparasitic chemotherapy. The cysts were unroofed and a resection of the protruding domes was performed. The hydatid material in the retroperitoneum and the muscles were completely evacuated by aspiration. Follow-up showed no recurrence. Discussion. Hepatic hydatid cyst rupture usually occurs into biliary tract, pleural cavity, bronchial tree and intraperitoneal cavity. Rupture into the retroperitoneum and the lateral and posterior abdominal wall muscles is exceptional. To our knowledge, this complication has never been documented before. The hydatid disease may involve insidiously for a long time to lead to such a complication. Surgery was inevitable in our case. It allowed to treat both the hydatid cyst and its complication. Conclusions. A rupture into the retroperitoneum and the abdominal wall muscles as a complication of a liver hydatid cyst is exceptional. In this presentation, we noticed that hydatid cysts can reach an extremely large size while remaining for a long time asymptomatic. We aim to highlight the significance of preventive measures and public health education to fight against the hydatid disease in endemic areas.

SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE OF HYDATID CYST OF LIVER IN THE PERITONEAL CAVITY WITH INTACT PROLIGEROUS MEMBRANE: ABOUT ONE CASE AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Rupture of hydatid cyst of liver with intact proligerous membrane is rare. We report the case of a 63 year-old female patient presenting with right hypocondrium pain without fever or jaundice. Diagnostic imaging examination showed hydatid cyst in segment IV of liver associated with pelvic cystic lesion measuring 12 cm x 06 cm. Surgical exploration revealed ruptured unilocular hydatid cyst of the liver with intact proligerous membrane and free in the peritoneal cavity. This study aims to report a new case of intraperitoneal rupture of hydatid cyst of liver with intact proligerous membrane and to highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties due to this complication.

Clinical features and treatment of bronchial rupture of pulmonary hydatid cyst in children: a retrospective study of 36 patients.

The aim of this study was to review the clinical symptoms, radiological data, surgical techniques, and postoperative complications associated with bronchial rupture of pulmonary hydatid cysts in children and evaluate the results of surgical treatment. A retrospective study of 40 surgical procedures performed for pulmonary hydatid cyst ruptured in the bronchial tree in 36 children (22 boys and 14 girls), aged between 7 and 18 from January 2009 to December 2019. The study included 36 patients with a mean age of 14.7. Most symptoms were cough (63.9%), chest pain (38.9%), hemoptysis (33.3%), and hydatid vomiting (22.2%). Chest X-ray, chest CT scan and abdominal echography was performed in all cases. Surgical approach was posterolateral thoracotomy in all cases. Conservative treatment was possible in 35 patients (97.2%) through cystotomy in 25 cases, pericystectomy in 11 cases, and lobar resection in 1 case (2.8%). Average operative time was 103min (range: 53 and 185min) and mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.9days. The postoperative complications occurred in 4 (11.1%): atelectasis (N = 2), wound site infection (N = 1), and prolonged air leak (N = 1). There was no postoperative mortality. After an average follow-up of 39months there was no recurrence. Ruptured hydatid cyst of the lung into the bronchus. Must be surgically treated and carefully due to the risk of per-operative bronchial flooding. Conservative surgical procedures with precise closure of the bronchial fistulas and capitonnage can complete removal of the cyst with low complications.

Intrathoracic rupture of hydatid cyst of the liver in children: a report of two cases

BackgroundIntrathoracic rupture of hepatic hydatid cyst is a rare but dangerous complication. Its occurrence in children is exceptional as diagnosis and management constitute real challenges. We report two cases of intrathoracic rupture of hepatic hydatid cyst in children.Case presentationOur patients were respectively 12-year-old boy and 9-year-old girl, known cases of respiratory symptoms, diagnosed initially for pleuropneumonia. The CT scan established the diagnosis of intrathoracic rupture of hepatic hydatid cyst in the pleural cavity for the first patient and in the bronchial tree for the second. An emergency surgery was performed for both. The second patient developed broncho-biliary fistulas during the post-operative course which necessitated a re-intervention. A recurrence was noted at follow-up for the second patient.ConclusionIntrathoracic rupture of hepatic hydatid cyst is a serious complication which can occur even in children. Its diagnosis needs a high index of suspicion. The surgical approach remains controversial and there is a lack of consensus about the best way of management. Recurrence may occur despite appropriate treatment.

A Bizarre Case of Anaphylaxis due to Hydatid Cyst Perforation Presented as Respiratory Arrest: A Case Report

Anaphylaxis is an acute systemic reaction with various presentations that can be misdiagnosed in some patients. Anaphylaxis due to hydatid cyst rupture usually happens during surgery. However, there are rare cases with even spontaneous hydatid cyst rupture and anaphylaxis. We report a five-year-old Iranian child with cardiopulmonary arrest and coma presentation that was incidentally diagnosed as an anaphylaxis case due to hydatid cyst rupture. In children who are presented with unconsciousness, anaphylaxis may have an uncommon presentation. In endemic regions, anaphylaxis due to hydatid cyst rupture should be considered to reduce morbidity and even mortality.

Analysis of patients requiring urgent thoracotomy.

We aimed at investigating the effects of clinical data, urgent thoracotomy (UT) indications and results on prognosis and mortality in traumatic and non-traumatic patients who were and underwent UT in the operating room. Patients (17-90 years old) who were admitted to the Emergency Department of Afyonkarahisar State Hospital between 01.01.2012 and 31.06.2020 with traumatic and non-traumatic reasons requiring UT were retrospectively conducted from the archive. The patients' age, gender, complaints during admission, trauma classification, reports of thorax images, injury sites accompanying trauma, hospitalization and mortality rates were examined. IBM SPSS 22.0 program was used to compare all the data obtained. During the 90-month study period, a total of 40 patients who were admitted for traumatic and non-traumatic reasons were applied UT. The mean age of all patients (77.5% male, 22.5% female) was 33.35±14.1 years. There were 55% penetrating injuries, 32.5% blunt injuries and 12.5% non-traumatic causes. Indications for UT in the study were; massive hemothorax (25%), diaphragmatic rupture (22.5 %), hypovolemic shock (25%), heart or great vessel injuries (15%), massive air leak despite thoracostomy (10%), rupture of the pulmonary hydatid cyst into the bronchus and accompanying hemoptysis (2.5%). The time to surgical procedure in patients who underwent thoracotomy was shorter in patients with death. Mean time to thoracotomy was 4.5±6.5 hours. Mortality of UT was 20% with survival of 80%. In the context of indications, urgent thoracotomy reduces mortality. The cooperation between the emergency physician and the thoracic surgeon is important during the decision phase.