To investigate the effect of bowel resection combined with fluoroscopic-assisted balloon thrombectomy for small bowel infarction caused by acute mesenteric venous thrombosis (AMVT). Between June 2016 and August 2017, nine patients (seven males and two females; range, 40-73years; mean, 55.11±10.08years) with small bowel infarction caused by AMVT underwent bowel resection combined with fluoroscopic-assisted balloon thrombectomy. The demographics, risk factors, therapeutic effect, complications, mortality, and follow-up of the study population were assessed. The effective rate was 100% with substantial clinical improvement in symptoms. All patients underwent small bowel resection with primary anastomosis. The length of bowel resection ranged from 60 to 170cm (108.67±35.05). In none of the cases there was surgery with second look. The patients were discharged 13-42days (20.11±8.75) after admission without perioperative complication or death. The follow-up period was 8-21months (12.89±4.65), and the follow-up rate was 100%. All patients returned to normal activities, regained lost body weight, and remained asymptomatic during the follow-up period. The combination therapy of bowel resection and fluoroscopic-assisted balloon thrombectomy is technically feasible and may be beneficial for small bowel infarction caused by AMVT in removing a thrombus efficiently, relieving symptoms rapidly, averting second-look surgery, lowering extensive surgical resections, and improving the prognosis.