Hybrid Security Research Articles

A hybrid security model for virtual machines in cloud environment

In cloud environment, the communication between virtual machines (VMs) residing on the same physical system is inevitable, which brings convenience for malicious software to attack other VMs through the communication channels between VMs. In order to reduce the security risk of the VMs in cloud environment, a novel hybrid security model (HSMVM) is presented, which combines the features of confidentiality, integrality, and organisation isolation of generic security model. The limitations and the advantages of the existing security models are thoroughly analysed in this paper. Afterwards, the basic definitions of HSMVM, judgment method for the system security state, and the state transformation rules are described in detail. The prototype system of HSMVM is developed and tested on Xen system. Experimental results indicate that the security model can effectively prevent the attacks between the VMs with reasonably low resource utilisation.

A hybrid security model for virtual machines in cloud environment

A hybrid security model for virtual machines in cloud environment

Developing a New Hybrid Cipher Algorithm using DNA and RC4

This paper proposes a new hybrid security algorithm called RC4-DNA-Alg. It combines the symmetric stream cipher RC4 algorithm with DNA-indexing algorithm to provide secured data hiding with high complexity inside steganography framework. While RC4 represent one of the widely used algorithms in network security protocols such as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), a DNA cryptography considered as a modern branch of cryptography that combines the traditional cryptographic techniques with the power of the genetic material The performance evaluation of the proposed algorithm is measured based on three parameters (conditional entropy, randomness tests and encryption time). The result shows outperformance in security and distorted in hybrid Cipher compared to the native RC4.

A new hybrid security program for securing automobile networks

Consumers like to believe that, when they are driving an automobile, that their operation of it is purely a relationship between them and the car's mechanical components. Their belief is becoming l...

SECURE HYBRID BASED LOCALISATION BY USING COMPRESSED HASH BASED TECHNIQUE

Ponte Academic JournalSep 2017, Volume 73, Issue 9 SECURE HYBRID BASED LOCALISATION BY USING COMPRESSED HASH BASED TECHNIQUEAuthor(s): P. Saleem Akram ,T.V RamanaJ. Ponte - Sep 2017 - Volume 73 - Issue 9 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.9.27 Abstract:Cloud computing is an emerging technology in the world of computing. It provides a convenient virtual environment for on-demand access to different type of services and computing resources such as applications, networks and storage space in an efficient way. The virtual environment is a massive compound structure in terms of accessibility that made easy in a compact way and familiar of functional components. The complexity in virtual environment generates several issues related to data storage, data security, authorization and authentication in cloud computing. With the size of the data, it becomes difficult to the cloud user to store large amounts of information in the remote cloud servers due to high computational cost, insecurity and costs high per hour proportional to the volume of information. In this paper, we propose compressed hash based encrypted model for the virtual environment. The aim of this paper is to store huge amount of data in the cloud environment in the form of compressed and encrypted data in a secure way Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

Secure Hybrid VLC-RF Systems with Light Energy Harvesting

In this paper, a hybrid visible light communication-radio frequency (RF) system, including a legitimate receiver (R) and an eavesdropper (E) is considered. R can harvest energy from the light emitted by light emitting diodes (LEDs), which is used for the information transmission between R and the RF receiver which is close to the LED. It is assumed that E tries to eavesdrop the information delivered from R to the RF receiver and R is with finite energy storage. Considering the randomness of the locations of R and E, the statistical characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio at the RF receiver and E are characterized; then, we derive the analytical expressions for exact and asymptotic secrecy outage probability by using the stochastic geometry method. Finally, simulations are carried out to verify our proposed analytical models.

Hybrid Biometric System Using Iris and Speaker Recognition

In this study, a hybrid security system is proposed. The proposed system is composed of two subsystems namely iris recognition system (IRS) and speaker recognition system (SRS). Pre-processing, feature extraction and feature matching are the main steps of these systems. In IRS subsystem, Gaussian filter, Canny edge detector, Hough transform, and histogram equalization is performed for pre-processing, respectively. After that, by applying 4-level Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to pure iris image, the iris image is decomposed into four sub-bands (LL4, LH4, HL4 and HH4). In order to extract the feature vector from iris pattern, the LH4, HL4 and HH4 sub-bands (matrices) are merged into one matrix. Finally the matrix is transformed in vector to obtain the feature vector of iris image. For SRS subsystem, the pre-processing step includes spectral arrangement, silence part removing and band limitation operations. After pre-processing, frame blocking and windowing are applied to the long-term speech samples and then Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is performed for the each short-term speech segments (frames). Finally, the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) technique is performed in order to obtain feature vector of the speech. The feature matching step of both IRS and SRS is implemented with Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) which is an efficient algorithm to measure the distance between two vectors. According to the DTW results, the false acceptance rate (FAR) is zero and false rejecting rate (FRR) is about 4 % for the proposed hybrid system.

Secure Distributed Detection under Energy Constraint in IoT-Oriented Sensor Networks.

We study the secure distributed detection problems under energy constraint for IoT-oriented sensor networks. The conventional channel-aware encryption (CAE) is an efficient physical-layer secure distributed detection scheme in light of its energy efficiency, good scalability and robustness over diverse eavesdropping scenarios. However, in the CAE scheme, it remains an open problem of how to optimize the key thresholds for the estimated channel gain, which are used to determine the sensor’s reporting action. Moreover, the CAE scheme does not jointly consider the accuracy of local detection results in determining whether to stay dormant for a sensor. To solve these problems, we first analyze the error probability and derive the optimal thresholds in the CAE scheme under a specified energy constraint. These results build a convenient mathematic framework for our further innovative design. Under this framework, we propose a hybrid secure distributed detection scheme. Our proposal can satisfy the energy constraint by keeping some sensors inactive according to the local detection confidence level, which is characterized by likelihood ratio. In the meanwhile, the security is guaranteed through randomly flipping the local decisions forwarded to the fusion center based on the channel amplitude. We further optimize the key parameters of our hybrid scheme, including two local decision thresholds and one channel comparison threshold. Performance evaluation results demonstrate that our hybrid scheme outperforms the CAE under stringent energy constraints, especially in the high signal-to-noise ratio scenario, while the security is still assured.

A novel hybrid security mechanism for data communication networks

With the growing internet technology over the last decade, the number of intruders trying to steal the confidential information has also risen. As a result, for the protection of secret data from unwanted access, hybrid security mechanisms employing the use of steganography to hide the encrypted data are gaining popularity. These mechanisms provide an extra level of security to the data. This paper proposes a hybrid mechanism that not only aims at providing good security but at the same time has high data embedding capacity and entropy values with low execution time complexity. To enhance the embedding capacity of the overall system, Improved Bit Plane Complex Steganography (IBPCS) along-with Huffman coding is used and for providing randomness, the use of chaos process wherever possible is done. The cryptographic technique employed is hierarchical visual cryptography due to its efficiency over other cryptographic mechanisms. The overall scheme is implemented in MATLAB-10 and the results prove that the proposed mechanism is efficient to other available schemes in literature.

Secure Multiuser Communications in Wireless Sensor Networks with TAS and Cooperative Jamming.

In this paper, we investigate the secure transmission in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consisting of one multiple-antenna base station (BS), multiple single-antenna legitimate users, one single-antenna eavesdropper and one multiple-antenna cooperative jammer. In an effort to reduce the scheduling complexity and extend the battery lifetime of the sensor nodes, the switch-and-stay combining (SSC) scheduling scheme is exploited over the sensor nodes. Meanwhile, transmit antenna selection (TAS) is employed at the BS and cooperative jamming (CJ) is adopted at the jammer node, aiming at achieving a satisfactory secrecy performance. Moreover, depending on whether the jammer node has the global channel state information (CSI) of both the legitimate channel and the eavesdropper’s channel, it explores a zero-forcing beamforming (ZFB) scheme or a null-space artificial noise (NAN) scheme to confound the eavesdropper while avoiding the interference to the legitimate user. Building on this, we propose two novel hybrid secure transmission schemes, termed TAS-SSC-ZFB and TAS-SSC-NAN, for WSNs. We then derive the exact closed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probability and the effective secrecy throughput of both schemes to characterize the secrecy performance. Using these closed-form expressions, we further determine the optimal switching threshold and obtain the optimal power allocation factor between the BS and jammer node for both schemes to minimize the secrecy outage probability, while the optimal secrecy rate is decided to maximize the effective secrecy throughput for both schemes. Numerical results are provided to verify the theoretical analysis and illustrate the impact of key system parameters on the secrecy performance.

Hybrid Intrusion Detection Framework for Ad hoc networks

In this paper, a cluster-based hybrid security framework called HSFA for ad hoc networks is proposed and evaluated. The proposed security framework combines both specification and anomaly detection techniques to efficiently detect and prevent wide range of routing attacks. In the proposed hierarchical architecture, cluster nodes run a host specification-based intrusion detection system to detect specification violations attacks such as fabrication, replay, etc. While the cluster heads run an anomaly-based intrusion detection system to detect wormhole and rushing attacks. The proposed specification-based detection approach relies on a set of specifications automatically generated, while anomaly-detection uses statistical techniques. The proposed security framework provides an adaptive response against attacks to prevent damage to the network. The security framework is evaluated by simulation in presence of malicious nodes that can launch different attacks. Simulation results show that the proposed hybrid security framework performs significantly better than other existing mechanisms.

A Hybrid Secure Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks against Timing Attacks Using Continuous-Time Markov Chain and Queueing Model.

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently gained popularity for a wide spectrum of applications. Monitoring tasks can be performed in various environments. This may be beneficial in many scenarios, but it certainly exhibits new challenges in terms of security due to increased data transmission over the wireless channel with potentially unknown threats. Among possible security issues are timing attacks, which are not prevented by traditional cryptographic security. Moreover, the limited energy and memory resources prohibit the use of complex security mechanisms in such systems. Therefore, balancing between security and the associated energy consumption becomes a crucial challenge. This paper proposes a secure scheme for WSNs while maintaining the requirement of the security-performance tradeoff. In order to proceed to a quantitative treatment of this problem, a hybrid continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) and queueing model are put forward, and the tradeoff analysis of the security and performance attributes is carried out. By extending and transforming this model, the mean time to security attributes failure is evaluated. Through tradeoff analysis, we show that our scheme can enhance the security of WSNs, and the optimal rekeying rate of the performance and security tradeoff can be obtained.

Trust security mechanism for maritime wireless sensor networks

SummaryTo obtain a strong security system based on wireless sensor networks (WSNs), cryptographic‐based protocols are desired. Generally, the use of strong security mechanisms demand intensive use of limited resource, particularly memory storage and energy to provide defense services against malicious attacks. Risks detection in WSNs rely upon the behavior of every single sensor node in the system, and in the case of abnormal node behavior, the system protects the travelling packets on the network via a high level of security mechanisms such as a trusted key management algorithm. In this paper, we compare existing schemes and present a new hybrid security scheme suitable for maritime coastal environment–based WSNs. This scheme tackles the issues of memory storage of encryption keys based on a trusted node configuration, called a leader node, which works as a trusted third party for both the node joining and the node revoke processes. This security mechanism is implemented and tested in real time on a Waspmote sensor testbed platform. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Ulinzi Shirikishi: Popular Experiences of Hybrid Security Governance in Tanzania

ABSTRACTIn the context of increasing academic and policy‐related attention to hybrid forms of security provision which combine state and non‐state institutions, in Africa and elsewhere, this article explores the implementation of community‐based or participatory policing (ulinzi shirikishi) in Tanzania. Through ulinzi shirikishi citizens are encouraged to form local security committees, organize neighbourhood patrols and investigate reported crime. In contrast to earlier forms of state‐sponsored sungusungu vigilantism in Tanzania, community police are expected to cooperate with the Tanzania Police Force and to adhere to state law. Based on 11 months’ fieldwork in three sub‐wards of the city of Mwanza, this article argues that community policing has been fairly effective in improving residents’ perceptions of local safety. However, two important concerns emerge that may compromise the sustainability and legitimacy of community policing in the future. Firstly, organizing local policing entails considerable costs for communities, which disproportionately disadvantage the relatively poor. Secondly, controlling local service provision can enable individuals to pursue private gains, at the expense of the production of public goods. It is thus important to consider the development of hybridity over time towards models that may look less like community‐based policing and more like commercial security provision.

Comparison of Hybrid Security Schemes: A Survey

In today’s age, communication through internet has become inseparable entity of many applications. These applications often require secrecy of data to be transmitted for security reasons. Therefore, commonly used security mechanisms such as cryptography and steganography can be employedto provide security, however using these techniques standalone often poses security threats. Therefore, a hybrid approach can be used for improving security features. In this paper comparison is drawn of recently published hybrid security mechanisms on the basis of following parameters: Visual assessment, Encrypted code Analysis, Similarity Analysis, Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR), Information Entropy Analysis, Embedding Capacity Analysis, Key space analysis. The schemes are implemented and comparedusing MATLAB-2015.

Towards a secure hybrid adaptive gateway discovery mechanism for intelligent transportation systems

AbstractIn the recent years, we are witnessing a growing interest into the design of smart vehicles and smart roads for Intelligent transportation systems. Vehicles as part of the Internet of Things should provide to the driver and passenger with a variety of services using efficient gateway discovery mechanism while maintaining a certain level of security and authentication to avoid potential malicious attacks. In this paper, we propose a secure hybrid adaptive gateway discovery and communication protocol for smart vehicular networks, which we refer to as SEGAL. Our proposed SEGAL protocol is based upon building a secure clustered vehicular network, and permits the exchange of gateway discovery messages through authenticated clusterheads and cluster members. We shall present the design of our protocol, and describe how it can overcome the possible malicious attacks that might harm the network. Then, we report its efficiency and scalability using an extensive set of simulation experiments using Ns‐2 simulator. Our results indicate that the proposed SEGAL protocol is scalable while achieving high success rate, low response time and dropping rate. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Hybrid secure beamforming and vehicle selection using hierarchical agglomerative clustering for C-RAN-based vehicle-to-infrastructure communications in vehicular cyber-physical systems

The architecture of C-RAN-based soft-defined vehicular networks can support increasing demands of various applications in the future vehicular cyber-physical systems, but lacks strong and practical security–enhancing mechanisms in the physical layer. In this article, we propose a hybrid beamforming and vehicle-selection framework for vehicle-to-infrastructure communications to broadcast high-speed confidential messages. A one-dimensional roadway scenario having multiple lanes is considered, and the concept of secure region and interference-selection region is, respectively, developed for each roadside unit. We formulate an optimization problem of maximizing secrecy sumrate with the constraint of orthogonality-based vehicle selection. The original problem is then divided into two subproblems subtly. In terms of the first subproblem, we, by exploiting the orthogonality assumption, obtain a corresponding secure beamformer for each vehicle located in the secure region to reduce the interference and confidential information leakage. Based on secure beamformers, the second subproblem is changed to be a vehicle-selection problem, which is then solved by adopting hierarchical agglomerative clustering method and implemented by two proposed novel algorithms blending vehicle selection with beamformer generation. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms in the respect of secrecy sumrate compared with the conventional zero-forcing beamforming using semi-orthogonal user selection algorithms. Furthermore, simulations show how our proposed algorithms resist against eavesdropping from collusive vehicles located in the same secure region by flexibly altering the size of secure region and interference-selection according to the traffic density.

A Novel Text Steganographic Technique Using Specific Alphabets

In today’s electronic era, wealth of electronic information are accessing over the Internet. Several important information and private data transferring over the Internet are being hacked by attackers via latest communication technology. So, maintaining the security of secret data has been a great challenge. To tackle the security problem, cryptographic methods as well as steganographic techniques are essential. This paper focuses on hybrid security system using cryptographic algorithm and text steganographic technique to achieve a more robust security system. In this work, to overcome the limited data hiding capacity, suspiciousness, and data damaging effect due to modification, of traditional steganographic techniques, a new technique for information hiding in text file is proposed. The proposed approach conceals a message, without degrading cover, by using first, second, second last, and last letter of words of the cover text. Hence, from the embedding capacity point of view, its capacity depends on the similarity of characters of the words in cover text. In addition, as further improvement for security, secret message encryption is performed using Blowfish algorithm before hiding into the innocuous cover text.

Multimedia recommendation and transmission system based on cloud platform

This paper presents a movie recommendation system according to scores that the users provide. In view of the movie evaluation system, the impacts of access control and multimedia security are analyzed, and a secure hybrid cloud storage architecture is presented. Mobile-Edge Computing (MEC) technology is used in the public cloud which guarantees the high efficiency requirements of the transmission of the multimedia content. The processes of the system including registration, user login, role assignment, data encryption and data decryption are also described. At last, the performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed which further shows that the various possible attacks can be mitigated via the proposed system.

A HYBRID ALGORITHM FOR CLOUD DATA SECURITY USING MD5 AND ABE

The evolution of IT technology Cloud computing shows the strength in past year. It takes controls in all three services Saas, Paas and Iaas. But with gradual increment of technology the quality of services also main issues. Services should be accurate up to date and secure. The level of approval for any computing model is calculated by its strength quality and weakness. The current note is focusing on the security of data in Cloud network, it calculate the current scenario and proposed the Hybrid Secure solution. The paper provides the idea implementation to secure the data in cloud. It provides the hybrid secure solution which combine attribute based cryptography with hashing function MD5. It implements the idea on Cloudsim and provides the improved result in tested environment.