Hybrid Renewable Power Generation Systems Research Articles

Techno-economic analysis of hybrid renewable power generation system under different climatic zones in India

Techno-economic analysis of hybrid renewable power generation system under different climatic zones in India

Thermo-economic and environmental assessment of a combined cycle fueled by MSW and geothermal hybrid energies

The hybrid renewable energy-based power generation systems offer a reliable solution to mitigate the drawbacks of individual energy source. In this respect the biomass and geothermal energies have some well-known advantages (such as continuous provision) over the solar and wind energies. In the present paper, two integration modes are proposed for hybridization of geothermal heat with a biomass-driven gas turbine based combined power cycle. The Mode 1 configuration employs geothermal heat to increase the temperature of feedwater before the deaerator, whereas the Mode 2 structure applies the geothermal energy to generate more steam for the low pressure steam turbine. Detailed exergetic, environmental and economic appraisals are carried out to examine the hybrid systems performances. In order to represent an accurate comparison of the suggested hybridization modes, the systems are optimized to achieve minimum levelized electricity cost. The results have indicated better performance for Mode 2 hybridization scenario over the Mode 1. The former system yields 10.0% greater exergy efficiency with 20.1% less electricity cost compared to Mode 1, while it can generate 22.5% more electricity. Also, it brings about 22.5% lower CO2 emission. However, the Mode 2 configuration possess one drawback compared to Mode 1, which is its higher overall system cost rate by 17.9%. The results show that, the higher cost rate of Mode 2 configuration is mainly due to larger pressure ratio of the air compressor which causes more costs for the compressor and gas turbine components.

Performance assessment of hydrogen-based commercial hybrid renewable energy power generation system

The world is transitioning toward hybrid renewable energy systems in order to cope with increased power demand. The aim of this research article is to assess various hydrogen-based hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) based on their performance, which is used commercially. A total of nineteen projects were selected at random across different regions and evaluated based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). In order to compare, five criteria are selected viz. 1. Plant Capacity, 2. Electrolyzer Capacity, 3. Utilization of Energy Produced, 4. Energy Sources Involved, 5. Type of Hydrogen Storage Technology Used. Plant Capacity and Energy sources involved are the criteria given more weightage. Using AHP multi-criteria decision-making was possible and all the projects are ranked accordingly based on performance parameters. SCHATZ Solar Demonstration Project, USA, 1989 was given a priority of 0.8% with a rank of 16 despite being the oldest project. Wherein, Foshan Hydrogen City Project, China, 2018 was assigned a priority of 23.2% and ranked 1st. Projects were prioritized and ranked with a consistency ratio (CR) of 28.9% in AHP.

Microgrid Hybrid Solar/Wind/Diesel and Battery Energy Storage Power Generation System: Application to Koh Samui, Southern Thailand

This paper presents the optimization of a 10 MW solar/wind/diesel power generation system with a battery energy storage system (BESS) for one feeder of the distribution system in Koh Samui, an island in southern Thailand. The main objectives are to maximize the deployment of renewable energy-based power generation and to minimize the levelized cost of energy (LCOE). A hybrid renewable energy-based power generation system, consisting of solar PV, wind turbine generators, diesel generator (DiG), bi-directional grid-tied charging inverter (CONV) and BESS, was simulated using HOMER Pro®. This study accessed the database of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for the Surface meteorology and Solar Energy (SSE) for the global solar radiation and temperature, along with the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA-2) wind database. The simulations show that Scenario 1 (PV/Wind/DiG/BESS/CONV) and Scenario 3 (PV/DiG/BESS/CONV) are the optimal configurations regarding the economic indicators (i.e. minimum net present costs (NPC) of 438 M$ and LCOE of 0.20 $/kWh) and the environmental indicators (i.e. lowest greenhouse gases (GHG) emission avoidances of 6,339 tonnes/year and highest renewable fraction (RF) of 89.4%). Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis illustrates that Scenario 3 offers the optimal system type with the largest annual energy production (AEP). Besides contributing to the body of knowledge of optimization methodologies for microgrid hybrid power systems, the outcome of this work will assist the regional energy practitioners and policy makers regarding optimal configurations of microgrid hybrid systems in the development of a Green Island concept for Koh Samui.

A comprehensive review of the prospects for rural electrification using stand-alone and hybrid energy technologies

The abrupt rise in energy demand has led many growing nations to a power shortage. Hence, most rural areas in those nations are purely dependent on off-grid based power generation for their electrification. Off-grid-based power generation has sounded loud recently for their higher advantage in generating independent energy and cost-cutting solutions in rural electrification. In this paper, a comprehensive review delivers enhanced hybrid electrification in rural areas using renewable energy sources like hydro, wind, biogas, and biomass. The review also highlights sustainable and reliable hybrid renewable power generation system operation. Furthermore, this review article focuses on the optimal integration of renewable energy systems used for rural electrification, factors influencing a particular hybrid energy system selection, and the energy management strategy followed to facilitate researchers' research work. The researchers and stakeholders can utilize the outcomes of this study for swotting rural electricity pricing and policymaking.

The economic and management use of rhododendron petals in potas-sium-ion nano batteries anode via efficient computer simulation

Nano batteries are manufactured batteries which use nanoscale technology, small particles measuring less than 100 nanometers or 10-7 meters. In addition, because of plentiful potassium supplies and less cost, potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are taken as possible substitutes for lithium-ion batteries for massive energy storing systems. Our modern lifestyle could be totally different without rechargeable batteries. Regarding their economic and management usage, these batteries are applied in electric and hybrid vehicles, devices, and renewable power generation systems. Accordingly, regarding the huge K ion radius, it is a difficult process for identifying relevant materials with excellent cycling stability and capacity. At present, the production of suitable anode materials with high specific capacities, long cycle life and low costs for PIBs remains a major challenge. Also, the continuing improvement in defining future electors, the manufacture of PIBs has been complicated by multiple challenges, namely low reversible performance, insufficient cycling stability and poor energy density, all of which have created important doubts for the effective implications of PIBs. Nano-particles have shown various advantages for enhanced energy and power density, cyclability and safety when it comes to designing and producing electrode materials via efficient computer simulation. In combination with large volume expansion, slow reaction kinetics, and low electrical conductivity the main cause for the degradation of SnO2 reaction reversibility and power decay observed are not as obvious as those of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as anodes of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), and potassium-ion batteries (KIBs).

Feasibility analysis and optimization of an energy-water-heat nexus supplied by an autonomous hybrid renewable power generation system: An empirical study on airport facilities

This paper investigates the potential and feasibility of an integrating hybrid renewable power generation system with a large-scale reverse osmosis desalination plant to provide electricity, heat, and water for the New Capital International Airport, Egypt. The proposed energy system contains photovoltaic panels, wind turbine, combined heat-power microturbine generator, diesel generator, batteries, converter, thermal load controller, and a boiler. A comprehensive energy-economic-environmental optimization analysis was performed to optimize energy systems in which 16-feasible solutions were evaluated and compared. The results revealed that the optimal system has the least net present and energy costs by 1.54 M$ and 0.089 $/kWh, respectively, and needs only 1.12 years to recover the invested money. Moreover, the proposed system produces emissions of 59.5% less than the base-case. The optimal system has a negligible unmet load ratio since it has a negligible loss of power supply possibility of 0.0993%. The thermal load controller has a significant impact on reducing the net present cost, cost of energy, emissions, and needed batteries by 52%, 56.4%, 36.5%, and 90%, respectively compared to the base-case. The obtained results are expected to attract large investments in clean energy and water desalination because of the government's challenges in such fields.

Design optimization and sensitivity analysis of a hybrid renewable power generation system coupled with a reverse osmosis desalination unit

Design optimization and sensitivity analysis of a hybrid renewable power generation system coupled with a reverse osmosis desalination unit

Optimal Configuration of an Off-Grid Hybrid Wind-Hydrogen Energy System: Comparison of Two Systems

Due to the uncertainty of renewable energy power generation and the non-linearity of load demand, it becomes complicated to determine the capacity of each device in hybrid renewable energy power generation systems. This work ... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on Tech Science Press

Fractional Order PI Control in Hybrid Renewable Power Generation System to Three Phase Grid Connection

The main objective of this paper is to allow renewable energy sources (RES) to actively participate within hybrid microgrid by proposing a new control system based on fractional order proportional integral (FOPI) controller. Fractional order proportional integral controller is a classical proportional integral (PI) in which the integral part is a fraction instead of integer numbers. The paper introduces a hybrid photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine and battery storage system connected to a three-phase grid. Three types of controller are considered and compared for a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), namely, FOPI, PI, and the fractional order integral control (FIC). For the PV resource, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller was designed using the incremental conductance plus integral regulator technique. A DC/DC boost converter was utilized to connect the renewable energy resources to a point of common coupling. MATLAB/Simulink is adopted to perform the simulation results of the developed HRES. The results show that the FOPI controller outperforms other controllers under several operating conditions. The paper also includes experimental results from a prototype real scale.

Feasibility evaluation of a hybrid renewable power generation system for sustainable electricity supply in a Moroccan remote site

Renewable energy sources can constitute an important alternative solution to fulfil the energy requirements of isolated rural areas in the near future. Although power supply to these areas poses a great challenge, off-grid hybrid energy systems exploiting renewable sources might pave way towards more sustainable solution. In this paper, various combinations of standalone Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) are technically and financially assessed to ensure continuous power supply for 10 houses in a remote village, Tazouta located in the Moroccan Fez-Meknes region. The renewable energy sources considered are solar, wind and biomass. Findings reveal that for an average energy requirement of 91.38 kWh/day and a peak load of 6.44 kW, unit energy cost of the optimum configuration scenario A (PV-Wind-Biomass-Battery) is found to be 0.2 $/kWh and hence, design, development and implementation of the proposed system imply a promising solution for energy supply security. For a 100% renewable energy penetration, the HRES produces electricity according to the following distribution: 11% from wind, 41% from solar and 48% from biomass. From an environmental perspective, the proposed HRES is able to reduce up to 26.48 tons and 28.814 tons of CO2 equivalent greenhouse-gas emissions annually compared to the grid extension and conventional diesel generator only scenarios, respectively.

A Design of Standalone Hybrid PV/Wind/Fuel cell Generation System and Hydrogen Electrolyzer With Local Controller for Remote Areas

Integration of fuel cell and electrolyzer on DC bus is a promising alternative to solve voltage fluctuation and balance of power problems in a standalone hybrid renewable power generation systems. The hybrid renewable power generation systems consist of photovoltaic, wind turbine, fuel cell and hydrogen electrolyzer. Each the component integrated on DC bus through the converter DC – DC using local controller to supply the inverter which connected to the islanded load. Local controller in each part will make the system become flexible if there are additional generating units in the future. The local control methods used in this hybrid renewable power generation system is MPPT and constant voltage control. MPPT control applied to photovoltaic and wind turbine converters to maximize power generation from photovoltaic and wind turbine. Constant voltage controller applied to the fuel cell and electrolyzer converters to control the DC bus voltage alternately. This research is a new design system for remote areas by utilizing the potensial of renewable energy in the area. The result show the power quality and continuity of electricity services.

Review on Sustainability of Hybrid Solar Wind Energy System and Unit Optimization

Renewable energy technologies are suitable for off-grid services, serving the remote areas without having to build or extend expensive and complicated grid infrastructure. Therefore standalone system using renewable energy sources have become a preferred option. This paper is a review of hybrid renewable energy power generation systems focusing on energy sustainability. It highlights the research on the methodology, unit sizing, optimization, storage, energy management of renewable energy system.

Non-Smooth Bifurcation Analysis of Multi-Structure Multi-Operating-Mode Power Electronics Systems for Applications With Renewable Energy Sources

The stand-alone hybrid renewable power generation systems for local applications have gained popularity in recent years. However, due to the intermittent nature of the renewable resources, the hybrid renewable power generation systems are often designed to operate with multi-structure and multi-operating-mode. As a result, a non-smooth bifurcation may occur as the system switches its operating mode. This brief aims to study this kind of bifurcation. A formulation for multi-structure and multi-operating-mode system is described and a systematic procedure for analyzing the non-smooth bifurcation is given. A stand-alone photovoltaic-battery hybrid power system is taken as an example for illustrating the possible non-smooth bifurcation, which is further identified and analyzed with a discrete-time mapping model. Moreover, extensive circuit simulations and experiments verify the theoretical analysis.

Advanced Active Power Filter Performance for Grid Integrated Hybrid Renewable Power Generation Systems

An active power filter implemented with a four leg voltage-source inverter using a predictive control scheme is presented. The use of a four leg voltage-source inverter allows the compensation of current harmonic components, as well as unbalanced current generated by single-phase nonlinear loads. A detailed yet simple mathematical model of the active power filter, including the effect of the equivalent power system impedance, is derived and used to design the predictive control algorithm. The compensation performance of the proposed active power filter and the associated control scheme under steady state and transient operating conditions is demonstrated through simulations and experimental results.

An Environmentally Friendly University Library Based on Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems

This paper presents a techno-economic analysis of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) to supply the electrical load requirements of the Central Library of Istanbul Esenyurt University located in Istanbul, Turkey. The standalone HRES (PV/Wind/Fuel Cell/Electrolyzer, PV/Fuel Cell/Electrolyzer and Wind/Fuel Cell/Electrolyzer etc.) considered in the analysis were comprised of different combinations of PV modules, Fuel Cell and wind turbines supplemented with hydrogen storage. Meanwhile, wind and solar energy potential in Esenyurt region in Istanbul is fairly appropriate for supplying energy requirements of some places with no high electricity load like libraries. In this study, the HOMER software is used as the assessment tool to determine the optimal configuration of HRES taking total net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (CoE) into consideration. As a result, it is determined that the optimal system configuration of standalone Wind/PV/Fuel Cell/Electrolyzer hybrid renewable power generation system with the lowest total NPC consists of 25kW PV array, 40kW Wind turbine, 20kW Fuel Cell, 25kW power converter, 50kW electrolyzer and 100kg hydrogen tank and also that total NPC and CoE of the optimal configuration are estimated to be $809,442, $2.040/kWh, respectively. Renewable fraction of the hybrid system is 100%. Electricity generated through this hybrid system is completely clear and no harmful emission gases in this hybrid system are generated and there is no contribution of the HRES to the pollution of environment.

Bi-objective economic feasibility of hybrid micro-grid systems with multiple fuel options for islanded areas in Egypt

The main target of this research is to allow modern distributed energy resources (DERs) to contribute effectively in the economic feasibility of hybrid renewable power generation system. There are several factors such as the net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy (COE), amount of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, and the ability of the hybrid system to meet the load at different meteorological conditions to consider when evaluating the effectiveness of hybrid generation system within microgrids. A multi-objective based optimization algorithm to reduce cost, emissions, and a combined solution between cost and emissions is investigated in this research. This research presents an approach to optimize a hybrid microgrid (HMG) system with different fuel options. The power management approach determines the optimal sizing of DERs based on ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. In order to find the best configuration, the obtained results are compared with genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and HOMER. Three isolated areas in Egypt with different metrological conditions are selected for optimization of HMG system, namely: Kharga, Saint Katherine, and Qussair. The results show that the combined optimal configuration of HMG system is better in satisfying load demands without violating any restraints.

Sizing methodology for hybrid photovoltaic /wind/ hydrogen/battery integrated to energy management strategy for pumping system

The real penetration of renewable energy sources under random variability and unpredictability of weather conditions requires an optimal sizing of hybrid renewable power generation systems. This paper presents a techno-economic optimization model, to perform the optimal sizing of a stand-alone hybrid photovoltaic/wind/hydrogen/battery system. Optimum sizing has been applied to a system consisting of an induction motor coupled to a centrifugal pump, located at Sahline-Tunisia. The optimal-cost design and the new suitable power management approach are the two main objectives. The optimal sizing is assessed on the basis of technical (the Deficiency of Power Supply Probability, the Relative Excess Power Generated) and economic (the Energy Cost as well as the Total Net Present Cost) criteria. The power management strategy optimizes how the spare energy is used. The results highlight the important role of the hybridization of renewable energy sources, photovoltaic and wind turbine, in reducing the cost of the system. It is also noted that the hydrogen chain prolongs the life of the battery, preventing the massive use of the latter. The optimized sizing algorithm gives all the possible configurations of the hybrid system not only for a pumping system but also for any autonomous load located all over the world.

Optimal design of a Hydrogen Refuelling Station (HRFS) powered by Hybrid Power System

The use of hydrogen as transportation fuel is considered to be a favourable alternative to fossil fuels. It is believed that the development of fuel cell vehicles will greatly facilitate reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector due to the fact that these vehicles are fuelled by hydrogen, which can be produced by a wide range of processes using renewable energy sources. In order to promote the use of fuel cell vehicles, it is imperative to build the necessary facilities to support this need in the near future, including hydrogen refuelling stations powered by renewable power generation systems. In this study, techno-economic analysis was performed for a hydrogen refuelling station powered by two types of hybrid renewable power generation systems (wind-photovoltaic-battery and wind-battery systems) which will be installed on the island of Gökçeada, Turkey. The analysis was carried out to assess the feasibility of the hydrogen refuelling station to refuel 25 vehicles on a daily basis throughout the year, using HOMER software. Based on the results, the levelized cost of hydrogen for the hydrogen refuelling station powered by the hybrid wind-photovoltaic-battery and wind-battery systems is $ 8.92/kg and $ 11.08/kg, respectively. The levelized cost of hydrogen was also determined for different variable parameters (wind speed, wind turbine hub height, solar irradiance, and project lifetime). It is concluded that the hydrogen refuelling station powered by the proposed renewable power generation systems may be feasible for the chosen site.

Mathematical model for the power generation from arbitrarily oriented photovoltaic panel

In this paper, a mathematical model for modelling the solar radiation components and photovoltaic arrays power outputs from arbitrarily oriented photovoltaic panel has been presented. Base on the model electrical power prediction of the photovoltaic system in realistic local condition has been presented and compared with experimental measurement. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed model, which provides tools to better understand the performance and reliability as well as decision-making tool in designing of a hybrid renewable energy base power generation system. It has been shown that base on the model prediction, the efficiency and possible failures of the system can be found which are important from the technical and economical point of view.