Design Of Hybrid Power System Research Articles

Techno-Economic Analysis (Design) of on-grid hybrid power system considering MPPT

Techno-Economic Analysis (Design) of on-grid hybrid power system considering MPPT

Solar/wind pumping system with forecasting in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

This paper demonstrates a water pumping hybrid power system design. The proposed system was designed for water related applications in Sharjah (Latitude 25.29 °N and Longitude 55 °E), United Arab Emirates. The proposed water hybrid system has two primary renewable power systems: solar PV panels and wind turbines. The proposed hybrid system considers the changes in weather conditions (humidity, wind speed, and temperature) since wind speed affects the performance of the wind turbines and solar panels are affected by solar irradiance. The following components are involved in the proposed design: battery (to store the power from solar panels), voltage regulator circuit (for getting stable DC voltage), three-phase rectifier (to convert the reduced AC voltage to DC), three-phase transformer (for reducing the obtained AC voltage), and DC electric motor (the main output of the proposed water pumping system). The proposed water pumping system relies on neural network blocks to achieve weather forecasting by obtaining solar irradiance values from the input temperature, wind speed, and humidity in a span of five years. Both MATLAB and Simulink are used simulate the performance of the proposed system under different weather conditions by changing the values according to the measured weather conditions values over five years.

Source diagram: A new approach for hybrid power systems design

Hybrid power systems are alternative devices to isolated power demands, which can also contribute to reducing fossil fuel dependence. They typically combine renewable and fossil sources with energy storage devices, being flexible, reliable, and economically attractive. This paper presents the Hybrid Systems Sources Diagram (HSSD), an algorithmic methodology, which, from a set of energy sources and respective features and availability, allows the definition of the best source scheme allocation, corresponding to the minimum target of outsourced electricity, considering or not the presence of batteries. Moreover, in a unique structure, start-up and daily operations, energy losses and also intermittent behaviors of the sources and demands can be easily treated. Results show that loss considerations achieve a more realistic outlook since the minimum target of outsourced electricity considering losses is 165% larger than neglecting them. One case study shows the application when intermittent sources and demands have a variable power rating, where HSSD achieves the same results comparing to other technique. Also, a sensitivity analysis was made to show the effect of available source variations on the minimum battery capacity and outsourced electricity, showing that the wind source reacts more sensitively to changes than the solar.

Hybrid solar/wind/diesel water pumping system in Dubai, United Arab Emirates

This paper proposes a hybrid power system design for water pumping system in Dubai (Latitude 25.25 °N and Longitude 55 °E), United Arab Emirates using solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines, and diesel generator. The proposed design considers the changes in weather conditions (humidity percentage, temperature in celsius, and wind speed in m/s) that directly affect solar irradiance values which alter the performance of the hybrid system. The proposed design deals with the problem of rare rainy days in Dubai between December and March and the high temperature throughout the year since that makes providing water to rural and isolated zones essential. The proposed system uses voltage regulator to maintain stable DC voltage from the solar power system, battery bank to store the voltage from solar PV panels, three-phase rectifier to convert the AC voltage from wind power system to DC, three-phase step-down transformers to reduce the AC voltage of the wind turbine and diesel generator, and DC electric motor for water pumping output. The system used neural network for solar irradiance forecasting over an interval of 10 years (from 2009 to 2019). The proposed system will be demonstrated using Simulink to show the stability and performance under different weather conditions.

Design and Simulation Studies of Hybrid Power Systems Based on Photovoltaic, Wind, Electrolyzer, and PEM Fuel Cells

In recent years, the need to reduce environmental impacts and increase flexibility in the energy sector has led to increased penetration of renewable energy sources and the shift from concentrated to decentralized generation. A fuel cell is an instrument that produces electricity by chemical reaction. Fuel cells are a promising technology for ultimate energy conversion and energy generation. We see that this system is integrated, where we find that the wind and photovoltaic energy system is complementary between them, because not all days are sunny, windy, or night, so we see that this system has higher reliability to provide continuous generation. At low load hours, PV and electrolysis units produce extra power. After being compressed, hydrogen is stored in tanks. The purpose of this study is to separate the Bahr AL-Najaf Area from the main power grid and make it an independent network by itself. The PEM fuel cells were analyzed and designed, and it were found that one layer is equal to 570.96 Watt at 0.61 volts and 1.04 A/Cm2. The number of layers in one stack is designed to be equal to 13 layers, so that the total power of one stack is equal to 7422.48 Watt. That is, the number of stacks required to generate the required energy from the fuel cells is equal to 203 stk. This study provided an analysis of the hybrid system to cover the electricity demand in the Bahr AL-Najaf region of 1.5 MW, the attained hybrid power system TNPC cost was about 9,573,208 USD, whereas the capital cost and energy cost (COE) were about 7,750,000 USD and 0.169 USD/kWh respectively, for one year.

Impact of the Reduction of Diesel Fuel Subsidy in the Design of an Off-Grid Hybrid Power System: A Case Study of the Bellavista Community in Ecuador

This paper presents a technical, economic, and environmental analysis and optimization of the impact of the reduction of diesel fuel subsidy in the design of an off-grid hybrid power system (OHPS). The OHPS includes a diesel generator, battery energy storage system (BESS), and a solar power system (SPS). This impact will focus on the electricity production levels of each of the OHPS components according to the increase of the fuel price and the SPS size. The Bellavista community in Ecuador was selected as the case study for this work. In this South American country, the government has begun a gradual increase in the diesel fuel price until it reaches international prices. Fifteen scenarios of OHPSs were simulated, in Homer Pro software, considering three SPS sizes and varying the diesel fuel price in five values. The annual load profile for the simulations was built based on the information of a previous study in this community. The results showed that for lower fuel prices (USD$0.26/L and USD$0.35/L), the OHPSs worked mostly with their diesel generators with reduced use of their BESSs. However, there was a higher penetration of the power delivered from the SPSs and BESSs, with higher fuel prices (USD$0.44/L, USD$0.53/L, and USD$0.62/L). These OHPSs considerably reduced their CO2 emissions compared with the standalone diesel generator scenario.

Mathematical programming for optimal design of hybrid power systems with uncertainties

The hybrid power system (HPS) is an application variant of distributed generation, defined as a system utilising two or more energy sources, such that the power generation is more efficient, reliable and cost-effective, offering a better option than single-source systems. HPSs can be used in urban, rural and remote areas. HPS research has focused on sizing and optimisation, which requires efficient and effective methodologies to ensure reliable power supply and a cost-effective system. This paper presents a mathematical programming technique for the design of off-grid HPSs, taking into account uncertainties in renewable energy resources. The basic model formulation is based on a comprehensive superstructure that includes all possible connections for power allocation. Chance-constrained programming is applied in determining the optimal capacities of power generation and energy storage with a specified system reliability level. A case study is presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach.

Design of optimal hybrid power system to provide reliable supply to rural areas of Ethiopia using MATLAB and Homer

Integrating different energy resources, like solar PV, wind, and hydro is used to ensure reliable power to the rural community loads. Hybrid power system offers sufficient power supply for the rural villages by providing alternative supply for intermittent nature of renewable energy resource. Hence, intermittency of renewable energy resources is a challenge to electrify the rural community in a sustainable manner with the above sources. Thus, efficient resources management is a reasonable choice for intermittent renewable energy resources. The majority of rural villages in Ethiopia are suffering from lack of electricity. This causes deforestation, travel for long distance to fetch water, and no good social services, like clinic and schools, sufficiently. Therefore, the objective of this study was to maximize reliability of power supply by renewable energy sources. Data on wind speed and solar radiation are obtained from the NASA surface meteorological agency. While hydro data are obtained from physical measurements. Different configuration options are considered by Homer software to find the optimal configuration of hybrid system. The optimal configuration system is selected and hybrid components are sized. The optimal hybrid system consists of solar PV, wind, and hydro to supply a community load with a share of 13%, 52%, and 35% respectively. The fuzzy logic controller is designed to manage the intermittent nature of energies. Hence, the demand and energy sources are unpredictable; intelligent control system is important to manage the system accordingly. The control system is designed in MATALAB software. The result obtained from resource combination shows demand and supply are balanced. From the Twelve probabilistic combinations of demand and energy sources, one of the combinations shows that when 7.5 kW is demanded, the power generated/output from hybrid system is 10 kW which is greater than demand. To satisfy 7.5 kW demand control system takes 4.25 kW, 2.75 kW, and 1.08 kW share from wind, hydro, and solar sources respectively. The fuzzy logic control system is designed, to monitor the resource availability and load demand. This controller was managing the demand and the available resources according to the rule.

Modelling and Optimal Design of Hybrid Power System Photovoltaic/Solid Oxide Fuel Cell for a Mediterranean City

This work presents a hybrid power system consisting of photovoltaic and solid oxide fuel cell (PV-SOFC) for electricity production and hydrogen production. The simulation of this hybrid system is adjusted for Bou-Zedjar city in north Algeria. Homer software was used for this simulation to calculate the power output and the total net present cost. The method used depends on the annual average monthly values of clearness index and radiation for which the energy contributions are determined for each component of PV/SOFC hybrid system. The economic study is more important criterion in the proposed hybrid system, and the results show that the cost is very suitable for the use of this hybrid system, which ensures that the area is fed continuously with the sufficient energy for the load which assumed to be 500 kW in the peak season. The optimized results of the present study show that the photovoltaic is capable of generating 8733 kW electricity while the SOFC produces 500 kW electricity. The electrolyzer is capable of producing 238750 kg of hydrogen which is used as fuel in the SOFC to compensate the energy lack in nights and during peak season.

Optimal configuration of hybrid PV-generator (diesel/GPL) for a decentralized production of electricity in Algeria

The absence of electricity in rural areas is one of the major challenges faced by many developing countries like Algeria. This work has been devoted to the design of an off-grid renewable hybrid power system for a rural village in the region of Tindouf located in south Algeria. The main objective of this study is to determine the optimum size of the hybrid power system able to fulfill the requirements of 709 kWh/day primary load with 66 kW peak load for a remote area of 230 households. This study is based on simulation and optimization of a (PV-Diesel) and (PV-GPL) hybrid system with a technical-economic analysis. Simulation results showed that electrifying using a PV/GPL generator hybrid system is more advantageous when compared to the PV/diesel generator hybrid system as it has lower operating costs and emissions. The comparison is based on per unit cost of electrical energy production, operating cost of conventional fossil fuel-based energy sources and pollutants gases reduction.

Feasibility and optimal design of a hybrid power system for rural electrification for a small village

A hybrid renewable energy system is at present accepted globally, as the best option for rural electrification particularly in areas where grid extension is infeasible. However, the need for hybrid design to be optimal in terms of operation and component selection serves as a challenge in obtaining reliable electricity at a minimum cost. In this work, the feasibility of installing a small hydropower into an existing water supply dam and the development of an optimal sizing optimization model for a small village-Itapaji, Nigeria were carried out. The developed hybrid power system (HPS) model consists of solar photovoltaic, small hydropower, battery and diesel generator. The optimal sizing of the system’s components for optimum configuration was carried out using Genetic Algorithm. The hybrid model’s results were compared with hybrid optimization model for electric renewable (HOMER) using correlation coefficient (r) and root mean square error (RMSE) to verify its validity. The results of the simulation obtained from the developed model showed better correlation coefficient (r) of 0.88 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.001 when compared to that of HOMER. This will serve as a guide for the power system engineers in the feasibility assessment and optimal design of HPS for rural electrification.

HOMER-Based Optimal Design of Hybrid Power Systems for Educational Institution

HOMER-Based Optimal Design of Hybrid Power Systems for Educational Institution

Hybrid Power System Design for Damping Electromechanical Modes of Oscillation in Grid Connected Machines

Due to the natural intermittent nature of wind and solar PV, autonomous wind/PV systems for renewable energy typically require energy storage or other sources of production to form a hybrid system. in this paper objective of the designing of a grid dynamics controller equipped with IGBT based bridge structure for stabilizing various electrical parameters on the grid system while its renewable energy-based grid integration. And the controller has to be designed with modulation technique, for both voltage and current at particular frequency following stabilization which is both simple in implementation and operation. And the comparative analysis of techniques used has to be carried out with AI-based optimization algorithms for studying its effectiveness. The results of the THD % of voltage in the system having no controller was found to be 3.32 %. in the system having adaptive neural PSO switching of grid dynamics controller, the distortion level came down to 1.96%. The hybrid system with solar wind energy was further integrated with the grid and was analyzed for the rotor angle stability in the two machines. It was concluded that out of the three controls for grid dynamics controller the artificial intelligence-based adaptive neural PSO switching was found to be best with maximum stability of machines.

A sizing-validation approach to hybrid power system design and planning

Renewable energy (RE) is an important emissions reduction technology for climate change mitigation. Hybrid power systems (HPSs) are designed to facilitate the deployment of RE. This paper addresses HPS design under RE resource uncertainties and presents a two-step mathematical approach. The method involves the use of an optimisation model for HPS sizing and Monte Carlo simulation for results validation. The superstructure-based model considers all feasible power allocation options in an HPS and allows the selection of energy storage technologies. To account for resource uncertainty, chance-constrained programming is applied in the optimisation model and the effective power output of renewable sources can be computed according to the specified system reliability. The optimised HPS configuration is then simulated and its reliability estimated to ensure that the specified system reliability level is achieved. Two case studies of isolated and on-grid HPSs are used to demonstrate the proposed approach. The results show that for higher system reliability, the isolated system requires larger generator and energy storage capacities, whilst the on-grid system requires more grid electricity instead of intermittent RE. Further analyses are performed to explore the trade-off between cost and carbon emissions as well as to assess the effects of electricity price and emission factors on HPS design.

基于氢燃料电池的电动汽车混合动力系统设计

基于氢燃料电池的电动汽车混合动力系统设计

Design and analysis of a grid-connected hybrid power system with constant supply for Patenga, Bangladesh

A quickly growing nation like Bangladesh is experiencing scarcity of efficient electricity production system. Upgrade of the electricity production system is required to keep the progress of the na...

Design and Dynamic Modelling of a Hybrid Power System for a House in Nigeria

This paper presents the design and dynamic modelling of a hybrid power system for a house in Nigeria. Thermal modelling of the house under consideration is carried out using BEopt software to accurately study the heat loss through the walls, windows, doors, and roof of the house. The analysis of this thermal model is used to determine hourly load data. Design of an optimum hybrid power system for the house is done with HOMER Pro software. The hybrid power system is made up of a diesel generator and a stand-alone PV system. The proposed PV system consists of PV arrays, DC–DC boost converter, MPPT controller, single-phase full-bridge inverter, inverter voltage mode controller (PI controller), and single-phase step-up transformer. Dynamic simulation of the proposed PV system component of the hybrid power system is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment to study the power quality, harmonics, load impact, voltage transients, etc. of the system, and the simulation results are presented in the paper.

Multi-objective optimisation of hybrid power systems under uncertainties

Hybrid power systems (HPSs) are a variant of distributed generation utilising two or more complementary energy sources for power generation, and are thus more efficient, reliable and cost-effective than single-source systems. HPSs can be used in urban, rural and remote areas. HPS research has focused on sizing and optimisation, which requires efficient and effective methodologies to ensure reliable power supply and a cost-effective system. This paper presents a mathematical programming technique for the design of off-grid and grid-connected HPSs, taking into account uncertainties in renewable energy resources and load demands. The basic model formulation is based on a comprehensive superstructure that includes all possible connections for power allocation. Chance-constrained programming is applied to determine the optimal capacities of power generation and energy storage units with a specified minimum system reliability level. Furthermore, fuzzy optimisation is adopted to account for the trade-off between conflicting economic and environmental goals, as well as parametric uncertainties in HPS design. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach.

A Multidisciplinary Undergraduate Alternative Energy Engineering Course

Contribution: A novel multidisciplinary undergraduate course on alternative energy (AE) engineering that addresses gaps in current AE education, provides hands on skills, and matches topical coverage with societal needs. Background: Resource depletion and emissions associated with burning fossil fuels have led to growing worldwide interest in electricity production from non-fossil fuel, or alternative, energy sources. Recently there has been rapid growth of AE sources such as wind and solar photovoltaics. Societal and economic factors contribute to this continuing trend. Recent research has shown the urgent need for structured AE course curricula; engineering education in this multidisciplinary field is essential to support continued growth in this field. Intended Outcomes: A new approach to AE engineering education at the undergraduate level. Specifically, a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach that fills identified gaps in AE education. Application Design: The design of the course includes lectures, laboratories, and a hybrid power system design project focusing on economic integration of AE in power systems. Topics include principles of energy conversion, energy storage, and integration of solar thermal, solar photovoltaic, wind, hydroelectric and fuel cell AE sources into power systems. Societal needs are addressed through focus on industry structure, technology, economics and policies pertaining to AE. Findings: Learning outcome assessment demonstrate the validity of the proposed course for multidisciplinary alternative energy engineering education.

Optimistic use of battery energy storage system to mitigate grid disturbances in the hybrid power system

Renewable energy (RE) is being continuously penetrated in to the utility grid and RE penetration level has become comparable to the conventional energy. For balancing of energy generation, solar and wind generators are being integrated to the utility grid at same location to form the hybrid power system. This has been achieved by the use of power electronic converters which are non-linear in nature. Further, variability of solar and wind energy generation also deteriorates quality of power in the hybrid grid. Any disturbance developed in the hybrid grid affects system parameters and power flow due to non-linearity of system and variability of RE generation. This has motivated the academicians and researchers to investigate efficient devices to minimize effects of disturbances on the performance of hybrid grid parameters in the presence of RE. A design of hybrid power system incorporating the wind energy, solar energy, loads, battery energy storage system (BESS) and conventional generator is proposed. This will help to minimize effects of grid disturbances on hybrid power system and improve the performance of utility grid with high RE penetration. Minimization of variability in power generation due to variations of wind speed and solar insolation will be achieved. This is achieved by application of battery energy storage system supported by distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) controlled by the use of synchronous reference frame theory (SRFT). Test network consisting of five buses, conventional generator, loads, wind generator and solar photovoltaic (PV) generator is realized in MATLAB to establish effectiveness of proposed scheme.