Hybrid Gel Polymer Electrolyte Research Articles

High-performance electrospun POSS-(PMMA46)8/PVDF hybrid gel polymer electrolytes with PP support for Li-ion batteries

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-poly(methyl methacrylate)8 (POSS-PMMA8)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hybrid gel polymer electrolyte (HGPE) membranes have been fabricated by using electrospinning along with the use of commercial polypropylene (PP) microporous membranes as its support; the corresponding HGPEs were obtained after being activated into liquid electrolytes. The goal of the study is to incorporate the high mechanical property of microporous PP membrane and superior electrochemical performance of electrospun gel polymer electrolyte to get the high-performance electrolyte for Li-ion battery. As an effective modifier, it is found that the introduction of POSS-polymer plays a vital role in enhancing many properties of HGPEs, and the influence of POSS-(PMMA46)8 content on overall properties of HGPEs is investigated. In specific, the HGPEs membrane with 12 wt% POSS-(PMMA46)8 displays a significant uniform fiber diameter with 720 nm and high electrolyte uptake of 322% due to the high porosity of 58%. Meanwhile, a great improvement in mechanical property is obtained with a tensile strength of 34.5 MPa, which is about 7 times of POSS-(PMMA46)8/PVDF membrane without support. The interfacial resistance between the corresponding HGPEs and Li electrodes is significantly reduced and as low as 138 Ω. Furthermore, the LiFePO4/HGPEs/Li button cell is assembled and excellent cyclability is shown at 0.1 C and 0.5 C, respectively. The results demonstrate that POSS-(PMMA46)8/PVDF HGPEs could be applied as a promising HGPE candidate for high-performance Li-ion batteries.

Fabrication of hybrid gel nanofibrous polymer electrolyte for lithium ion battery

Fibrous membranes are promising separators for high-performance lithium ion battery because of their high porosity and superior electrolyte uptake. In this paper, the fabrication of hybrid gel polymer electrolyte (HGPE) by introducing SnO2 nanoparticles in poly(vinylidine fluoride) by electrospinning technique and soaking the electrospun nanofibrous membranes in 1 M LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate (EC)/diethyl carbonate (DEC) (1:1, v/v). The as-prepared electrospun HGPE with SnO2 nanofiller was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The influence of SnO2 on the structure of polymer membrane, physical, and electrochemical properties is systematically investigated. HGPE shows significant high ionic conductivity 4.6 × 10[Formula: see text] S/cm at room-temperature and better cell performance such as discharge C-rate capability and cycle performance. The hybrid gel polymer nanofibrous membrane favors high uptake of lithium electrolyte so that electrolyte leakage is reduced. The gel polymer electrolyte with SnO2 filler was used for the fabrication of Li/PVdF-SnO2/LiFePO4 coin cell. The fabricated cell was evaluated at a current density of 0.2 C-rate and delivered stable and excellent cycle performance. This study revealed that the prepared HGPE can be employed as potential electrolyte for lithium ion batteries.

A novel imide-based hybrid gel polymer electrolyte: Synthesis and its application in electrochromic device

Abstract A novel imide-based organic-inorganic gel polymer electrolyte based on the reaction of poly (propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether) (2-APPG) with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and followed by the reaction with 3-isocyanatepropyltriethoxysilane (ICS) is successfully fabricated. The results reveal that the electrolyte has hardly any weight loss up to 100 °C, exhibiting a high ionic conductivity of 1.01 × 10−3 S cm-1 at room temperature and the Li ion transference numbers (t+) is as high as 0.65, as well as good electrochemical stability with electrochemical stability window up to 10 V. An archetype electrochromic device is assembled by using the organic-inorganic gel polymer electrolyte as conductive medium. The results confirm that the device has a high voltage (5 V) stability performance, high coloration efficiency (193.3 cm2 C−1) and good cycle performance (450 cycles over a voltage range of −3.5-2.5 V). So the presented organic-inorganic gel electrolyte is a very promising material for electrochemical application.

Hybrid gel polymer electrolyte with good stability and its application in electrochromic device

Using propylene carbonate (PC) as solvent, a hybrid gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) based on poly(propyleneglycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether) (2-APPG) and 3-isocyanatepropyltriethoxysilane (ICS) was successfully synthesized by sol–gel method. The result shows the hybrid gel polymer electrolyte with [O]/[Li] ratio of 22 has a high ionic conductivity, good thermal stability, as well as good electrochemical stability. The ionic conductivities reach as high as 1.43 × 10− 3 S cm− 1 at 30 °C and 3.36 × 10− 3 S cm− 1 at 100 °C, respectively. Nearly 0 weight loss was observed up to 100 °C. The electrochromic device is fabricated by using the hybrid gel polymer as electrolyte. The results demonstrate its high coloration efficiency (267.4 cm2 C− 1) and long cycle life (150 cycles with the linear potential sweep between − 3.5 and + 2.5 V), When the applying voltage is increased to as high as 5 V on the electrochromic device, a fast response is obtained (colored/bleached time are 13/19 s), which indicates its potential application under high voltage conditions.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride)-based hybrid gel polymer electrolytes for additive-free lithium sulfur batteries

An additive-free and free-standing GPE with excellent Li+ mobility and polysulfide localization is prepared via a facile route.

Hybrid gel polymer electrolyte for high-safety lithium-sulfur batteries

A hybrid nanofiber PVDF-HFP polymer matrix with dispersed SiO2 nanoparticles was prepared by electrospinning, and 1M lithium bis(trifluoromethysulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)/1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethysulfonyl)imide (PMImTFSI) was incorporated in the hybrid polymer matrix to produce a polymer gel electrolyte for lithium-sulfur batteries. The PMImTFSI-based hybrid gel polymer electrolyte (ILGPE) reduced the concentration of Li+-coordinated TFSI, and the incorporation of PMImTFSI increased the α-phase content of PVDF-HFP, reducing polymer crystallinity. In addition, ILGPE showed high ionic conductivity, high oxidation potential (>5.0V vs. Li/Li+), and low flammability. The Li/S battery utilizing ILGPE showed a high initial discharge capacity of 1029mAhg–1 and maintained a stable capacity of 885mAhg–1 after 30 cycles at a current rate of 0.1C.

Electrospun Membranes Based on PVdF-PEO Blends for Lithium Batteries

Solid polymer electrolytes in lithium batteries have the dual function of electrolyte and separator to hinder lithium dendrite growth that causes hazardous short circuits during repeated charge/discharge cycles. Given the good compatibility between polyvinylidene difluoride (PVdF) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) and with the aim to merge the properties of these two polymers, we prepared and characterized PVdF/PEO membranes that act as separators and as hybrid gel polymer electrolytes when soaked in the liquid electrolyte with lithium salt. The membranes based on the polymer blends were prepared by electrospinning, a technique that yields micro-nanofibrous membranes with high porosity and, hence, huge values of electrolyte uptake. PEO 100,000 and PEO 1,000,000 were used to prepare two blends with PVdF:PEO 90:10 w/w composition. The electrochemical performance of the membranes, which were soaked in 1M LiPF6 – ethylene carbonate:dimethyl carbonate (1:1 w/w), was evaluated in Li//LiFePO4 and graphite//LiFePO4 cells and discussed.

Electrospun Membranes Based on PVdF-PEO Blends for Lithium Batteries

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) in lithium batteries have the dual function of electrolyte and separator to hinder lithium dendrite growth that causes hazardous short circuits during repeated charge/discharge cycles [1]. Polyethylene oxide (PEO), together with a lithium salt, would be a promising candidate as SPE for its good electrochemical and mechanical properties, but its low ionic conductivity at room temperature limits its use. In the last years the attention has been focused on gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) for the high ionic conductivity at room temperature, good mechanical properties and safety improvements [2]. GPEs can consist of a flexible polymeric matrix as supporting network and a liquid phase containing a lithium salt [3]. Several polymers, like polyvinylidene difluoride (PVdF) for the high dielectric constant and the good electrochemical stability, and PEO have been used as matrix for GPEs. Given the good compatibility between PVdF and PEO and with the aim to merge the properties of these two polymers, we prepared and characterized PVdF/PEO membranes that act as separators and as hybrid gel polymer electrolytes (HGPEs) when soaked in the liquid solvent with lithium salt. The membranes based on the polymer blends were prepared by electrospinning, a technique that yields micro-nanofibrous membranes with high porosity and, hence, huge values of electrolyte uptake [4]. PEO 100,000 and PEO 1,000,000 were used to prepare two blends with PVdF:PEO 90:10 w/w composition. Such membranes were soaked in 1M LiPF6 – ethylene carbonate:dimethyl carbonate (1:1 w/w) and the electrochemical performance of these HGPEs were tested in a Li/HPGE/LiFePO4 cell and discussed on the basis of their physical, mechanical, thermal and morphological properties. Acknowledgments Alma Mater Studiorum –Università di Bologna is acknowledged for RFO financial support References [1] Croce, F.; Focarete, M. L.; Hassoun, J.; Meschini, I.; Scrosati, B. Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 921-927 [2] Manuel Stephan, A. European Power Journal 2006, 42, 22. [3] Marcinek, M.; Syzdek, J.; Marczewski, M.; Piszcz, M.; Niedzicki, L.; Kalita, M.; Plewa-Marczewska, A.; Bitner, A.; Wieczorek, P.; et al. Solid State Ionics 2015, 276, 115. [4] Zaccaria, M.; Fabiani, D.; Cannucciari, G.; Gualandi, C.; Focarete, M. L.; Arbizzani, C.; De Giorgio, F.; Mastragostino, M. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2015, 162, A915.

Poly(dimethylsiloxane) hybrid gel polymer electrolytes of a porous structure for lithium ion battery

A porous fabric membrane (XSAE) was prepared from the crosslinked hybrid composite of poly(dimethylsiloxane)/polyacrylonitrile/poly(ethylene oxide) (PDMS/PAN/PEO) to simultaneously act as a separator and functionalized gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs). The porous structure enables hybrid membranes (XSAE) to absorb a large amount of electrolyte solution, thereby significantly increases the performance of GPEs. The addition of PDMS induces phase segregation to form a porous morphology and deteriorates the crystallization of PAN. Owing to these effects, the ionic conductivity of the gel hybrid membrane at room temperature more than doubled, and the lithium transport number increased from 0.41 up to 0.58. Compared with a composite membrane without PDMS (XAE), the battery application half-cell capacities of both XAE and XSAE were close to 150mAhg−1 at 0.1C. However, at high C rate (3C), the capacities of composite membranes with PDMS (PDMS/PAN/PEO) can reach 114mAhg−1, significantly higher than that without PDMS (70mAhg−1). Moreover, the aforementioned properties of the XSAE membrane allow this composite to act as both an ionic conductor and separator.

Hybrid gel polymer electrolyte fabricated by electrospinning technology for polymer lithium-ion battery

In this paper, a kind of hybrid gel polymer electrolyte (HGPE) based on PVDF/PEO nanofibrous membrane was prepared by electrospinning technology. The thickness of the nanofibrous membranes was around 150μm via the controlled procedure parameters. The microstructure of the nanofibrous membranes, the physical and electrochemical performances of the activated HGPEs were studied systematically by scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), AC impedance measurement and charge/discharge cycle test, etc. It was found that the properties of the nanofibrous membranes and the corresponding HGPEs varied with the relative weight ratio of the blending polymers. For HGPE, the most important character is its electrochemical performance. When the weight ratio of PVDF/PEO was 1:5, the maximum ionic conductivity of the prepared HGPE was 4.8×10−3Scm−1 with electrochemical stability up to 4.8V versus Li+/Li at room temperature, moreover the assembled polymer lithium-ion battery reserved 86% capacity after 60 cycles of charge and discharge tests. With good electrochemical performance, it is very suitable for being applied in polymer lithium-ion battery.