Hybrid Contract Research Articles

Existence of solution of a system of non-linear differential inclusions with non-local, integral boundary conditions via fixed points of hybrid contractions

In the present article, we have introduced the notions of γ-admissibility for the pair of q-ROF set-valued maps and admissible hybrid q-ROF Z\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$\\mathcal{Z}$\\end{document}-contraction. Notions introduced in the article generalizes the existing concepts in fuzzy literature. Common fixed point result for a pair of γ-admissible q-ROF mappings in b-metric spaces utilizing the introduced contraction is presented. A nontrivial example to support the obtained results is also included. As an application, we have discussed the existence of solution of system of non-linear n-th order differential inclusions with non-local and integral boundary conditions.

Aplikasi Hybrid Contract pada Produk MJB: Studi Multiakad di BMT Nusantara Capem Kencong

Islamic financial institution BMT (Baitul Maal wat Tamwil) develops a range of solutions to address the intricate requirements of its clients. The contract, or akad, is an essential document in muamalah transactions since it sets forth the rights and responsibilities of the parties involved. So, Islamic financial institutions, especially BMT, need to innovate, be progressive, and dynamic by upgrading their muamalah contracts so they can compete with mainstream financial institutions' goods. The use of hybrid contracts to fund savings products is one example of this kind of innovation. Therefore, the author is keen to investigate whether or not BMT UGT Nusantara Branch Kencong's contracts are legitimate. The researchers at BMT UGT Nusantara Branch Kencong set out to learn more about hybrid contracts, which include more than one contract. In order to bring theory and practice into harmony, this study employs a qualitative methodology that combines primary and field data. Scholars approve of these hybrid contracts, according to the results, provided they don't go against Sharia norms and principles. To prevent unfair treatment of individuals, these hybrid contracts aim to define rights and responsibilities more precisely. It follows that purchasing MJB items via hybrid contracts at BMT Nusantara Branch Kencong is lawful and in accordance with Sharia law. In addition, both BMT and its clients may benefit from muamalah via these hybrid contracts.

Effect of external corporate factors on takaful performance

PurposeThis study examines the impact of external corporate factors (external auditors, insured satisfaction and corporate social responsibility) on the performance (ROA, ROE, ROI) of takaful providers of distinguishable Muamalah contracts (wakalah and Hybrid).Design/methodology/approachThe full sample includes 30 Takaful insurance companies listed in Southeast Asia (SEA) and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries over the period 2011–2021. We use the FGLS method for data analysis.FindingsOur results reveal that Takaful insurance, which holds one of the Big Four with qualified Shariah members as external auditors, leads to improved performance (ROA, ROE and ROI). In addition, our findings show that Takaful insurance should be concerned with insured satisfaction to determine its success and generate higher performance for both the wakalah and hybrid contracts (ROA, ROE and ROI). Furthermore, Corporate Social Responsibility is considered a source of efficiency that enhances Takaful’s performance for the two types of wakalah and hybrid models (ROA, ROE and ROI).Practical implicationsSome suggestions may be useful for Takaful insurance regulatory authorities to intensify CSR activities, hold one of the Big Four as an external auditor and realize insured satisfaction.Originality/valueThis study highlights that it is beneficial for policymakers, insurers and investors to explore external factors that influence financial performance (return on assets, ROA; return on equity, ROE; return on investment,) in the Takaful insurance market, which uses wakalah and hybrid contracts.

A Unified Approach and Related Fixed-Point Theorems for Suzuki Contractions

This paper aims to give an extended class of contractive mappings combining types of Suzuki contractions α-admissible mapping and Wardowski F-contractions in b-metric-like spaces. Our results cover and generalize many of the recent advanced results on the existence and uniqueness of fixed points and fulfill the Suzuki-type nonlinear hybrid contractions on various generalized metrics.

Hybrid fixed point theorems of graphic contractions with applications

In this work, a family of hybrid contractions, termed Jaggi-type hybrid (ℵ-τ)-contractive mapping is proposed in metric space equipped with a graph and new conditions under which the mapping is a Picard operator are studied. The novel ideas proposed in this manuscript are exemplified to display the validity of the presented results and to show how they differ from the existing ones. Additionally, some corollaries which reduce our proposed notion to some recently announced concepts in the existing findings are indicated and examined. Finally, we study Ulam-type stability for the fixed point equations with hybrid contractions.

IoT-enabled coordination for recommerce circular supply chain in the industry 4.0 era

The current advances in integrating devices through the Internet of Things (IoT) have encouraged researchers to focus on the applications of IoT in the recommerce business. Recommerce and the circular economy are growing worldwide as customers and businesses prioritize sustainability. A lack of coordination between channel participants is a significant hurdle to successfully adopting Circular principles in the recommerce industry. This study explores the coordination issue for a circular supply chain consisting of a Web-based recommerce platform and an IoT-enabled original equipment manufacturer. The proposed study is analyzed using a mixed-method research strategy combining a case study with a game-theoretic model. We analyze the problem under a consignment contract with revenue sharing for different channel structures. We introduce a hybrid contract to coordinate the decentralized channel in a cooperative game model. The results show that the consignment contract cannot coordinate the business in a decentralized structure. The recommerce platform achieves perfect coordination through the hybrid contract and obtains a unique Pareto optimization. We are proposing a IoT-enabled system in which resources are not wasted, thereby providing a way for businesses to use the circular economy concept to achieve sustainability goals.

Graphical approach to the study of fixed point results involving hybrid contractions

In this work, a new class of general contractive mappings, with the name Jaggi-Suzuki-type hybrid (K-α-ϕ)-contractive mapping is discussed in metric space equipped with a graph and new criteria for which the mapping is a Picard operator are studied. The superiority of this type of contractive mapping lies in the fact that its contractive inequality can be fixed in different ways, depending on the specified constants. Substantial illustrations are furnished to validate the axioms of our obtained ideas and to show their difference from the existing concepts. Supplementarily, some corollaries which collapse our obtained notion to recently propounded results in the literature are brought out and analysed.

Some multidimensional fixed point theorems for nonlinear contractions in C-distance spaces with applications

In this manuscript, we use the concept of multidimensional fixed point in a generalized space, namely, C-distance space with some nonlinear contraction conditions, such as Jaggi- and Dass-Gupta-type contractions. We provide results with a Jaggi-type hybrid contraction for the mentioned space. Moreover, we use control functions to get the desired results. After each theorem, we compare our results with previous ones to show that they are generalized. We provide examples to support our results. An application is also performed to solve the system of integral equations.

Architecting Hybrid Contract in al-Rahn: A Comparative Study between Malaysia and Indonesia

Nowadays, hybrid contracts are recognized as an adaptive form of contract in the implementation of Islamic business. However, the involvement of hybrid contracts in al-Rahn has risen numerous legal controversies in Islamic Sharia. Malaysia and Indonesia have diffferent approaches regarding the use of hybrid contracts in al-Rahn scheme. In the light of that, this article aims to lay out the two countries’ sides in responding to the issue at hand. This qualitative study relies on secondary data and employs conceptual and comparative approach. It investigates the policies relating to hybrid contract in the implementation of al-Rahn both in Malaysia and Indonesia. This study indicates that academics in both countries tend to state that the hybrid contracts in al-Rahn are not in accordance with the Sharia. The non-compliance with the Sharia prompted Malaysia to create a new policy, namely by utilising the concept of Tawaruq. Meanwhile, Indonesia recently still associates Ijārah contracts as part of the implementation of al-Rahn.

Board characteristics and takaful performance: the moderating role of ownership concentration

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of board characteristics (board size, board independence and duality) on the performance of takaful insurance providers with distinguishable muamalah contracts (wakalah and hybrid) moderated by ownership concentration. Design/methodology/approach The sample consists of 30 takaful insurances. The authors divided it into two subsamples: 18 insurance companies using wakalah contracts provided by Southeast Asia and 12 insurance companies using hybrid contracts provided by the Gulf Cooperation Council over the period 2010–2020. For data analysis, the authors used the partial least squares path modeling method. Findings The results show that the larger the board of directors and the higher the number of independent directors, the greater the takaful performance in both the wakalah and hybrid subsamples. Nondual functions improve the takaful performance in both the wakalah and hybrid subsamples. The results also reveal that a highly concentrated ownership structure positively (negatively) moderates the relationship between board size and takaful performance in the wakalah (hybrid) subsamples. Moreover, highly concentrated ownership insignificantly (negatively) moderates the relationship between independent directors and takaful’s performance in the hybrid (wakalah) subsample. Furthermore, a highly concentrated ownership structure insignificantly (negatively) moderates the relationship between the nondual structure and takaful performance in the wakalah (hybrid) subsample. Originality/value This study contributes to the understanding of the moderating role of a highly concentrated ownership structure between the characteristics of the board of directors and the performance of takaful insurance, which applies wakalah and hybrid contracts. In addition, this study contributes to takaful insurance by determining the appropriate board characteristics that must be adopted to achieve oversight and improve performance. Regulators should appreciate this contribution to the formulation of suitable approaches for efficiently supervising takaful insurance activities.

Corrigendum to "A new class of hybrid contractions with higher-order iterative Kirk's method for reckoning fixed points"

<p>In this corrigendum, we would like to emphasize that the findings in paper <sup>[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b1">1</xref>]</sup> are a generalization of the results presented by Zhou et al. in <sup>[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b2">2</xref>]</sup>. This remark highlights key elements of prior research that are relevant to our work <sup>[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b1">1</xref>]</sup>. This correction does not alter any results or the conclusion of the article.</p>

A new class of hybrid contractions with higher-order iterative Kirk's method for reckoning fixed points

<p>The concept of contraction mappings plays a significant role in mathematics, particularly in the study of fixed points and the existence of solutions for various equations. In this study, we described two types of enriched contractions: enriched $ F $-contraction and enriched $ F^{\prime } $-contraction associated with $ u $-fold averaged mapping, which are involved with Kirk's iterative technique with order $ u $. The contractions extracted from this paper generalized and unified many previously common super contractions. Furthermore, $ u $-fold averaged mappings can be seen as a more general form of both averaged mappings and double averaged mappings. Moreover, we demonstrated that the $ u $-fold averaged mapping with enriched contractions has a unique fixed point. Our work examined the necessary conditions for the $ u $-fold averaged mapping and weak enriched contractions to have equal sets of fixed points. Additionally, we illustrated that an appropriate Kirk's iterative algorithm can effectively approximate a fixed point of a $ u $-fold averaged mapping as well as the two enriched contractions. Also, we delved into the well-posedness, limit shadowing property, and Ulam-Hyers stability of the $ u $-fold averaged mapping. Furthermore, we established necessary conditions that guaranteed the periodic point property for each of the illustrated strengthened contractions. To underscore the generality of our findings, we presented several examples that aligned with comparable results found in the existing literature.</p>

Penerapan Konsep Hybrid Contracts dalam Pembiayaan Rahn di Pegadaian Syariah

Islamic financing has become an increasingly popular option for individuals and businesses looking to meet their financial needs in accordance with Islamic principles. One of the prominent innovations in Islamic financing is the concept of Hybrid Contracts, which allows combining several types of Islamic contracts in one financing product. This article explores the role and benefits of the concept of Hybrid Contracts in financing rahn at Pegadaian Syariah. We also explain the detailed implementation steps, which include customer identification, risk evaluation, determination of sharia contract type, application submission, feasibility review, contract signing, transaction execution, and financing monitoring. The concept of Hybrid Contracts helps increase flexibility, inclusivity, and compliance with sharia principles in rahn financing, opening the door to broader sharia-based economic development.

Analysis Of the Implementation of The Hybrid Contract Murabahah Bil Wakalah Agreement System in Griya Madani Financing Reviewed from Fatwa DSN No.04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000: Study at PT BPRS Metro Madani, Jatimulyo Branch Office

Purpose: PT BPRS Metro Madani Jatimulyo Branch Office offers a product called Griya Madani which is a combination of two types of contracts in one agreement, namely the murabahah bil wakalah contract (by order). Murabahah is a sale and purchase of the cost of goods plus a margin as profit from the seller. Along with its development, the murabahah contract was included in Islamic bank financing and combined with the wakalah contract so that it was known as murabahah bil wakalah. The provisions of murabahah bil wakalah are contained in Fatwa Number 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 point nine which among other things stipulates that when a bank wants to sell an item, the item must in principle become the property of the bank first. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the hybrid contract murabahah bil wakalah contract system on Griya Madani financing at PT BPRS Metro Madani Jatimulyo Branch Office which was implemented at PT BPRS Metro Madani Jatimulyo Branch Office was by Fatwa Number 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 Methodology: The research method used a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. Findings: The results of this thesis research conclude that the application of the hybrid contract murabahah bil wakalah contract system contained in the Griya Madani financing at PT BPRS Metro Madani Jatimulyo Branch Office is by Fatwa Number 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 concerning murabahah.

ANALISIS FATWA DSN-MUI TERHADAP HYBRID CONTRACT PADA LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH

This article is motivated by the implementation of hybrid contracts in Islamic Financial Institutions which is a necessity in the current era for the development of Islamic Financial Institutions, so that its application is supported by the DSN-MUI fatwa that allows hybrid contracts in business transactions. Therefore, this article aims to further analyze the DSN-MUI fatwa regarding the permissibility of hybrid contracts. The methodology used is the recearhe library. First, a hybrid contract is an agreement between two parties to carry out a muamalah that includes two or more contracts. Second, in the fatwa DSN-MUI uses the rules of legal principles the origin of muamalah is that it can include hybrid contracts. Third, according to the fatwa DSN-MUI is allowed shari'i provided that it is not an illegal transaction prohibited in sharia economic law.

Implementation of Hybrid Contracts in the Gold Pawn Practice in Sharia Pawnshops

The hybrid contract in sharia pawn practice is very unique. This gives rise to different views on the transaction model. Several contracts are often applied in hybrid contract of sharia pawn practice include qardh, rahn, and ijarah. In an ijarah contract of sharia pawn, there is indication of irrelevance in the calculation of ujrah from the clause of the fatwa No.25/DSN-MUI/III/2002 concerning Rahn. This research intends to examine the implementation of hybrid contract in sharia pawn practices by raising the case of gold pawn referring to clause of the fatwa. This study applies a qualitative research paradigm with data characteristics consisting of concepts and qualitative statements. The sources of data were obtained from the implementation of sharia pawn practice in several sharia financial institutions and pawnshop companies, contract concepts, and DSN MUI fatwas. From this study, it was found that the rahn and qardh contracts in Islamic pawnshops complied with the clause of the DSN fatwa No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002 concerning gold rahn. However, there is a potential for riba practices in ijarah contract in sharia pawn that conflict with the DSN fatwa No.25/DSN-MUI/III/2002 concerning Rahn. The potential for riba is indicated from the calculation of ujrah based on the amount of loans.AbstrakKontrak gadai multi akad dalam pegadaian syariah memiliki sisi keunikan. Hal itu menimbulkan berbagai pandangan mengenai model transaksi tersebut. Beberapa akad yang sering diterapkan dalam multi akad dalam pegadaian syariah antara lain akad qardh, rahn, dan ijarah. Dalam akad ijarah dari pegadaian syariah, terdapat indikasi adanya penyimpangan perhitungan ujrah dari ketentuan fatwa DSN No.25/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang Rahn. Penelitian ini hendak menelaah implementasi multi akad dalam praktik gadai syariah dengan mengangkat kasus gadai emas mengacu pada ketentuan fatwa tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma penelitian kualitatif dengan karakteristik datanya terdiri dari konsep dan pernyataan kualitatif. Sumber data diperoleh dari implementasi gadai di pegadaian syariah di beberapa lembaga keuangan syariah dan perusahaan pegadaian, konsep-konsep akad, dan fatwa-fatwa DSN MUI. Dari penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa akad rahn dan qardh dalam pegadaian syariah telah sesuai dengan ketentuan fatwa DSN No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang rahn emas. Akan tetapi, terdapat potensi praktik riba dalam akad ijarah dalam pegadaian syariah yang bertentangan dengan fatwa DSN No.25/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang Rahn. Potensi riba ini tampak pada perhitungan ujrah berdasarkan besarnya pinjaman.

Optimal dynamic strategy for emission reduction and operation considering hybrid carbon policy with carbon tax and cap-and-trade

Global warming has always been a constant concern for various countries, and carbon emissions are one of the main causes. Accordingly, how to reduce emissions is a problem that enterprises need to pay attention to. The enterprise’s emission reduction activities are closely influenced by government policies. This paper analyzes the effect of a hybrid carbon policy, which means a combination of carbon tax and cap-and-trade policies, on the manufacturer’s carbon abatement activities and supply chain operations in such a condition that the government operates free and paid carbon emission quotas. The study adopts a differential game approach to examine the optimal decision of the supply chain members. We compare the optimal strategies in centralized and decentralized scenarios and put forward a coordinated contract to achieve the Pareto improvement. Our study shows that the carbon tax rate, carbon trade price and the proportion of paid quota all positively affect the emission reduction activities of enterprises over time, but negatively impact the corporate profit and social welfare. However, the set of above policies is advantageous to consumer surplus within a certain range. As for the revenue sharing-transfer payment hybrid contract, when its sharing rate increases within a certain range, the enterprise’s carbon abatement and supply chain members’ profits will improve at the same time. The adjustment of the above policies depends on which aspect the government focuses on.

Dropshipping System from A Hybrid Contract Perspective

This research aims to determine the Dropshippimg Trading System on the Shopee Marketplace from a Hybrid Contract Perspective. The research is being offered in 2022-2023. The type of research in this research is field research and to achieve this goal the author uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection was obtained through observation, interviews and documentation studies. Interviews were conducted with Dropshippers and Customers at Shopee Pasar. Data were analyzed using Milles and Huberman analysis, namely by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The research results show that the practice of buying and selling using the Dropshippimg system on the Shopee Marketplace can be offered through several channels and the first thing to do is create an account. In terms of responsibilities and other processes, the practice meets the requirements and is harmonious in buying and selling, so the Dropshippimg system is allowed. There are several contracts in the Dropshippimg system on the Marketplace, namely Muḍarabah, Samsarah, Salam, and Wakalah bi Al-Ujrah. Muḍarabah occurs between the Supplier / Dropshipper and Shopee. Samsarah occurs between Dropshipper and Supplier. Salam occur between Customer and Dropshipper. Wakalah bi Al-Ujrah occurs between the Dropshipper and the shipping service.

Implementation Of Agreements In Multi Level Marketing (Mlm) Business Schemes Based On Sharia Principles

Scholars have different opinions regarding MLM business schemes, some forbid and some for conditional permissibility. As for the juhur of contemporary scholars, many of them forbid it. However, the DSN-MUI through Fatwa Number 75 of 2009 allows MLM business schemes on condition that the implementation of a contract is in accordance with sharia principles. Therefore, this study will analyze the implementation of the contract in the MLM business scheme. This research includes sharia economic law research using a descriptive method of literature with a normative juridical approach using secondary data in the form of DSN-MUI Fatwas. This type of research is qualitative research with data analysis techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results of this study reveal that based on the substance of the DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 75 of 2009, MLM business schemes can use several contracts, namely murabaha, wakalah bi al-ujrah, ju'alah, ijarah and other contracts determined by DSN-MUI according to sharia principles, one of them is the Samsarah contract. However, the contract that is widely used in MLM business schemes is the ju'alah contract. Meanwhile, if you look at the MLM business scheme, which contains elements of intermediary services, services for selling products and recruiting new members which are part of the achievements that must be completed, then the appropriate contract is a hybrid contract between a samsarah contract and a ju'alah contract.

Konsep Multiakad dalam Fatwa DSN-MUI: Sebuah Inovasi dalam Praktik Keuangan Syariah di Indonesia

This article discusses the concept of hybrid contracts in Fatwa DSN-MUI which is an innovation in Islamic financial practice in Indonesia. The hybrid contracts concept is an approach that combines several Islamic contracts or financial instruments in one transaction to achieve the goals desired by the parties involved. This paper outlines various examples of the application of hybrid contracts in Islamic financial transactions. This article provides an overview of how the hybrid contracts concept became an innovation in Islamic financial practice in Indonesia. By using hybrid contracts, financial actors can achieve their goals in a sharia manner and minimize the risks associated with such transactions. However, a good understanding of sharia principles and guidance from authoritative institutions such as DSN-MUI is still needed to maintain the integrity and validity of sharia transactions.TRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//