Husband-wife Relationship Research Articles

The Purposes of Marriage and its Hierarchy according to Al-Ghazālī on the Iḥyā’ Ulūm al-Dīn based on Mubādalah Perspective

Al-Ghazālī is recognized as a distinguished scholar who adeptly integrates the principles of fiqh ‘Islamic jurisprudence’ with tasawwuf ‘Islamic mysticism’, achieving a balance between naqlī ‘transmitted knowledge’ and 'aqlī ‘rational knowledge’, as articulated in his seminal work, Iḥyā' 'Ulūm al-Dīn. However, his perspectives on women's issues, particularly regarding the purpose of marriage, have been characterized as non-moderate, prompting some scholars to label him a misogynist. This study aims to elucidate and analyze Al-Ghazālī's views on the purpose of marriage and its hierarchical structure through the lens of Mubādalah ‘reciprocity’. This research employs qualitative literature review methodologies supported by a philosophical framework. Primary data are sourced from Al-Ghazālī's works, namely Iḥyā' 'Ulūm al-Dīn and Kasr al-Shahwatain. Secondary data encompass a range of academic books, journal articles, and additional references that substantiate the research findings. The collected data are subjected to descriptive-analytical techniques for thorough review and analysis. The research outcomes indicate the following: First, Al-Ghazālī highlights the hierarchy of marriage purposes grounded in the levels of maqāṣid al-syarī’ah, which consist of ḍarūriyāt ‘necessities’, ḥājiyāt ‘needs’, and taḥsīniyāt ‘desirables’. Second, from the perspective of Mubādalah, Al-Ghazālī's views on the purpose of marriage, as presented in Iḥyā' 'Ulūm al-Dīn, do not align with the principles of Mubādalah and exhibit gender bias. This misalignment is evident in several aspects: (1) At the pre-marriage stage, Al-Ghazālī positions men as the decision-makers in the selection of a spouse, while women are relegated to the status of the chosen objects. (2) There exists an incongruity between the hierarchy of marriage goals from Al-Ghazālī's perspective and the principles of Mubādalah. (3) Al-Ghazālī delineates the husband-wife relationship within a superior-inferior framework. (4) He emphasizes the roles of women primarily within domestic spheres. Al-Ghazālī's views are undoubtedly shaped by the socio-historical context of his era, as well as his identity as a şūfi. This research aspires to contribute to the discourse surrounding the evolution of Islamic family law legislation, advocating for the recognition and safeguarding of women’s rights and roles in a more equitable manner.

Analisis Tekanan Sosial Terhadap Keluarga Tanpa Anak Laki-Laki dalam Tradisi Keturunan Suku Karo di Kabupaten Deli Serdang

The objective of this research is to analyse the social pressures experienced by families without sons in the tradition of descendants of the Karo Tribe in Deli Serdang Regency. The qualitative descriptive method was employed in this research to accurately describe complex social phenomena through in-depth observations and interviews with respondents who are directly involved in the tradition. The findings indicate that this social pressure emanates from two principal sources: the family and the community. The pressure from the family is frequently manifested in the form of encouragement to give birth again, particularly from the nuclear family. This can create high expectations and potentially undermine the husband-wife relationship, as well as damaging the relationship between husband and wife. Meanwhile, social pressure is exerted in the form of expectations regarding the presence of a son and comments that create a psychological burden. The social pressures faced by families without sons in Karo society reflect deep-seated cultural norms and significantly impact emotional well-being and family dynamics.

Mosaic of Meaning: A Redemptive Reading of Genesis 3:16 in Light of Its Biblical Contexts and Inter-Texts

This paper provides a fresh redemptive reading of Gen 3:16, viewed in light of a whole mosaic of canonical contexts and intertextual connections. These include, among others, the full equality without hierarchy of man and woman in Gen 1–2; the paradigmatic nature of egalitarian marriage with mutual submission between husband and wife in Gen 2:18–24; the rupture of husband–wife relationships in Gen 3:6–13; the covenant lawsuit of Gen 3:14–19; the meaning of mashal in Gen 1:16–18 and 4:7; the meaning of teshuqah and grammatical–syntactical parallels and contrasts in Gen 4:7 and Song 7:11 (Eng. v. 10); the redemptive aspects of the woman and her seed in Gen 3:15; and the intertextual connections with New Testament passages. Considering this mosaic of contexts and connections, it is suggested that Gen 3:16 must be viewed only in reference to marriage; it is never broadened to include man–woman gender relationships in general. In Gen 3:16, God provides a temporary, remedial measure to preserve harmony and unity in a ruptured marriage relationship, with an implicit call for husbands and wives to return as soon as possible from the mashal–teshuqah relationship to the paradigmatic egalitarian marriage set forth in Gen 2:24. This return to the divine creation ideal for marriage is empowered by the redemptive promises of Gen 3:15, confirmed in the reversal of the Gen 3:16 marital relationship articulated in the Song of Songs—the inspired commentary on Gen 1–3—particularly Song 7:11 [Eng. v. 10]), and reaffirmed in the consistent citations of Gen 2:24 (and not Gen 3:16) in the NT (Matt 19:5, 6; Eph 5:31).

Chinese women's years of education and subjective well-being: an empirical analysis based on ordered Logit model and coupling coordination model.

In modern society, the improvement of women's education level has become one of the important indicators of national development and social progress. Although there are many useful explorations on the relationship between education and subjective well-being, the research on women's years of education and subjective well-being is very limited. The article focuses on women's years of education to determine whether and how to affect subjective well-being. This study is based on the China general social survey in 2021. The ordered Logit model was used to analyze the impact of women's years of education on subjective well-being, and a binary coupling coordination model was constructed to test the above two variables. The results show that the longer the education years of women, the stronger the subjective well-being. The benchmark regression results show that women's years of education have positive and negative effects on subjective well-being through economic status, physical and mental health, ecological environment, social cognition and personal cognition. The analysis of coupling coordination degree shows that the coupling between the years of education and subjective well-being of women in coastal areas and economically developed areas is the strongest, and the subjective well-being is better realized by increasing the years of education. Based on the above research results, this paper provides some practical suggestions for improving women's subjective well-being, and provides some valuable references for women to effectively balance husband-wife relationship, family relationship and work relationship, improve women's years of education and better obtain happiness.

Nusyuz dalam Hukum Islam: Aspek Hukum dan Dampaknya Pada Hubungan Suami-Istri

This study analyzes the concept of nusyuz in Islamic law, focusing on the legal aspects, rights, and obligations as well as its impact on husband-wife relationships in Muslim societies. Nusyuz, which refers to the defiance of one of the parties in a marriage - either the husband or the wife - has significant implications for marital dynamics. This research discusses the Islamic legal provisions governing nusyuz, including its definition, causes, as well as the conflict resolution procedures stipulated by sharia. In addition, it explores the rights and obligations of husbands and wives in situations of nusyuz, as well as the impact this has on their relationship, both legally and emotionally. Based on a literature review and analysis of Islamic jurisprudence, this study found that Islamic law provides clear guidelines in dealing with nusyuz cases, with the aim of maintaining a balance of rights and obligations between husband and wife, as well as minimizing the negative impact on household harmony. However, in its application, there are various challenges, especially related to the interpretation and enforcement of the law which may differ in various Muslim societies. This research suggests a more adaptive and contextual approach in addressing nusyuz, to ensure that solutions are taken in accordance with the principles of justice and family welfare. Thus, it is hoped that this research can contribute to a deeper understanding of nusyuz and its implications in Islamic marital law.

An Analysis of Modern Women in the Novels of Anita Nair

The paper will examine the condition of women in Indian society with the assistance of acclaimed novelist Anita Nair. Women have historically faced discrimination in a male-dominated society where patriarchy plays a pivotal role in sustaining the status quo. In the past, women were expected to be perfect wives and accept the injustices around them, while lacking gender awareness and being confined to their homes. However, modern women have undergone a significant shift in mindset, with the development of their own identities, self-worth, independence, and self-esteem becoming more important than patriarchal values. Nair's novels examine the transformation of women through her female characters. She presents a picture of modern life and the issues faced by women, such as sexual exploitation, gender discrimination, cultural conditioning, and the husband-wife relationship. The paper aims to highlight the resilience of female characters while exploring gender bias against women. Additionally, the paper will showcase feminist female writers who have produced literary works that benefit society. The paper will depict their struggle in a patriarchal system and the dynamics between men and women in the Indian Diaspora.

Islamic Law View on Protecting the Rights of Housewives at Risk of Contracting HIV/AIDS

This article examines the perspective of Islamic law regarding the protection of the rights of housewives at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS from their husbands. Although HIV/AIDS is not a new issue, its impact on families, especially housewives, remains an essential concern in legal and public health contexts. Within the framework of Islamic law, individual rights, including women's rights, are guaranteed and need protection. This research uses normative legal and sociological research methods with a case approach. The results show that Islamic law has a vital role in protecting the rights of housewives who are at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS from their husbands. These rights include the right to know the husband's health status, the right to obtain protection, the right to refuse sexual relations, and the right to get a divorce. Islamic law places great responsibility on husbands to protect the health of their wives and families. Husbands are expected to maintain the welfare of their wives and families, including by taking preventive steps against the transmission of HIV/AIDS. Apart from that, Islamic law also emphasises the importance of fidelity in the husband-wife relationship. Husbands are expected to be faithful to their wives, which is also a preventive measure against the transmission of HIV/AIDS. If a husband fails to fulfil his responsibility to protect his wife from contracting HIV/AIDS, Islamic law gives the wife the right to seek protection, including through legal remedies such as requesting a fatwa from ulama or even filing a divorce petition. This research is expected to help increase public understanding of the rights of housewives at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS, as well as encourage efforts to protect their rights.

Perjanjian Pranikah untuk Tidak Selingkuh Perspektif Hukum Islam di Indonesia

The more advanced human civilization becomes, the more problems occur among humanity. One of the problems that arise is related to relationships between people. Trust issues are a hot topic being discussed nowadays, including in husband-wife relationships. Trust issues influence prospective husbands or wives to enter into prenuptial agreements. The contents of the agreement are about the prohibition of cheating, as was done by artist Via Vallen and her husband Chevra Yolandi. They made this agreement so that each of them would think again about committing cheating because there were consequences if they broke the agreement. Not without reason, quite a few cases of infidelity have occurred between ordinary people and public figures in the country. The purpose of this research is to find out how Islamic law views prenuptial agreements which include a prohibition on cheating in them? This research uses a type of normative juridical research with library research. The research results show that marriage should be carried out based on mutual trust in each partner.

PROBLEMATIKA KOMUNIKASI KELUARGA DAN PENANGGULANGANNYA Komparasi Konsep Tri Kaya Parisudha dan Gottmans Horsemen

In essence, humans as social creatures cannot be separated from interaction. Everyone wants to talk, wants to express different opinions with the aim of obtaining information. This creates a process called communication. Communication was a very common thing in ancient times, even in prehistoric times. It's just that at that time communication was done in a different way, and of course communication at that time was done in a very simple way. In line with the development of time and human civilization, communication models are experiencing rapid development day by day. In the beginning, before the discovery of electronic media as a source of communication, people communicated by making simple tools made from improvised materials and tools such as gongs. Some people in the past and perhaps even today know of a form of communication through the sound of a gong. Through the sound of the gong, it is symbolized as a symbol of past communication, and most of it is one-sided, so it can be said that there are not many components involved in communication. This process only involves one person or group of people as the communicator and another party as the listener. It was different when the reform era began and various innovations emerged from both communication experts and practitioners. Communication is a need and an important means to get to know yourself and others. Who we are and how we interact with others is discovered through communication. Without us realizing it, we carry out these communication activities in every activity of our lives. Through communication we will understand ourselves and others so that we can develop our self-understanding in family and community relationships and develop shared concepts in the social environment. In fact, we can find small communication groups that often occur every day in the family environment in husband-wife relationships. Even though communication always occurs in every interaction in human life, not every communication that occurs can lead to understanding. And it is not uncommon for every communication carried out to give rise to debates and discrepancies between each other due to differences in understanding of each communication participant.

HUBUNGAN PEMAKAIAN KB SUNTIK 3 BULAN DENGAN KENAIKAN BERAT BADAN DI TPMB BIDAN TITIN DURATUL KABUPATEN TANGERANG BANTEN TAHUN 2023

ABSTRAK
 Three-month injectable contraception offers benefits but also carries a risk of adverse consequences for users. Three-month injectable contraception has many benefits, such as being extremely effective, preventing long-term pregnancy, having no effect on husband-wife relationships, not containing estrogen, which means it has no significant effect on blood clotting disorders or heart disease, having no effect on breast milk production, having few side effects, and being safe for use by women over the age of 35 until perimenopause. However, menstruation disorders, depression, vaginal discharge, acne, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, changes in libido, and most importantly, a change in body weight are common adverse effects. The typical rise in body weight is within reasonable bounds, ranging from less than 1 kg to 5 kg in the first year, or eleven pounds or five kilograms, and a 3.4% rise in body fat after three years of consumption. The research design uses a correlational approach with a cross - sectional approach. Data processing was carried out univariately and bivariately with the Chi Square (X2) statistical test. Using 41 respondents who used injectable birth control for 3 months. The statistical test (chi square) yielded a p value of 0.01—that is, a p value less than the alpha value of 0.05—so Ho is rejected and Ha is approved. The result was that "there is a significant relationship between the use of 3-month injectable birth control and weight gain."
 Keywords:3-monthvaccination,bodyweight

Analysis of the Role of Premarital Guidance in Building Adolescents' Marriage Readiness: Study in Liunggunung Village, Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia

Marriage is one of the important events in human life. Therefore, marriage readiness is an important thing to pay attention to, especially for teenagers. Premarital guidance is one effort to increase teenagers' marriage readiness. This research aims to analyze the role of premarital guidance in building adolescent marriage readiness in Liunggunung Village, Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The research subjects were 10 teenagers who had attended premarital guidance in Liunggunung Village. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and observations. The research results show that premarital guidance plays an important role in building teenagers' marriage readiness. Premarital guidance provides the knowledge and skills that teenagers need to get married, such as understanding marriage, husband-wife relationships, communication, and financial management. Premarital guidance also helps teenagers to prepare themselves physically and mentally for marriage.

The Indigenous Idea of Gender Equality: Husband-Wife Relationship in the Manuscript of Adābul Mu’āsyarah

Literacy in pesantren still places women as the second class, especially in the study of women's fiqh or husband-wife relations. This phenomenon has attracted researchers to conduct research on one of the books by Nusantara scholars used by Islamic boarding schools, whether it contains gender equality or not. This research focused on one of the books, Adābul Mu’āsyarah, which describes the ethics of husband and wife relations in fostering a harmonious family. By using a literature study with analytical techniques in the form of content analysis and a gender studies approach, this research found that the contents of this book by KH Yasin Asmuni have provided equal space in household relations between husband and wife. Although it cannot be denied that there are still many patriarchal terms, such as defining women as humans who lack reason and emotion, which makes men superior to women in several ways. This phenomenon of patriarchal understanding has been impacted by several factors, such as the author's background, patriarchal culture and the wave of studies that narrowed a unique case into a general provision. This research is expected to provide references and a new paradigm in describing equal husband-wife relations.

Konsep Penampilan Diri dalam Menjaga Keutuhan Rumah Tangga Perspektif Hukum Islam

The purpose of this research is to determine: (1) The influence of personal appearance on household integrity, (2) The concept of improving appearance in maintaining household integrity from an Islamic legal perspective. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research. In this qualitative method, research is carried out directly in the field or at the research location. The research approach used in this research is in the form of a library study (Library Research). Based on the research results and discussion in this research, it can be concluded that: The influence of personal appearance on the integrity of the household in order to maintain good relationships and relationships between husband and wife, in addition to having good morals. good and wise behavior, maintaining one's appearance also has a significant impact in maintaining the husband-wife relationship. Therefore, it is often recommended that wives look attractive by wearing nice clothes, quality cosmetics and perfume when in front of their husbands. The concept of improving appearance in maintaining the integrity of the household from an Islamic legal perspective is divided into two, namely: (a) Improving appearance which is permissible and this is only limited to in front of the husband or only for the husband, including: wearing perfume, wearing eyeliner, and using eye lenses or contact lenses, ( b) Improving your appearance, which is absolutely haram for reasons for your husband or to increase your personal beauty, is shaving your eyebrows or embroidering your eyebrows and attaching your hair.

The Relationship Between Family and Primary School Students Academic Self-efficacy

During the initial stage of personality formation, primary school students are in a crucial period that needs to focus on mental health, and family is an essential factor affecting childrens academic self-efficacy in this period. This paper summarizes the following conclusions by summarizing the research in related fields in the past two decades:1.Increase the research on academic self-efficacy of primary school students, and set the main research object as the upper primary school group;2.Follow the trend of social development, pay attention to the exploration of husband-wife relationship and sibling relationship;3.Establish a more systematic theoretical framework. Therefore, the contribution of this paper is to summarize the current research status in this field, point out the current research deficiencies, and provide suggestions for future research goals and improving primary school students academic self-efficacy.

MIESRA mHealth: Marital satisfaction during pregnancy.

The transition of a pregnant woman's role often causes emotional changes that have an impact on marital satisfaction. We develop MIESRA mHealth and evaluate its impact on satisfaction of husband-wife relationship during pregnancy. A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 82 couples of pregnant women and divided into control, single, and paired group. We implemented MIESRA mHealth for four weeks. In the couple group, the wife did mindfulness based on the information in the MIESRA mHealth together with her husband. In a single group, the wife sees the video as an initial guide to doing mindfulness. In the control group, respondents received programme interventions from hospitals which included education and consultation with obstetricians. Husband-wife relationship is evaluated using Compatibility of Husband-and-Wife Relationships / Kesesuaian Hubungan Suami Istri (KHSI) questionnaire and the generalised estimating equations (GEE) was used to analyse the data. The women's KHSI scores in the couple and single intervention groups (β = -7.46, p = 0.002; β = -9.11, p = 0.001) were better than the control group. The husbands' KHSI scores in the paired and individual intervention groups (β = -7.04, p<0.001; β = -3.74, p = 0.024) were better than the control group. Nursing interventions to build emotional bonds between parents and foetuses based on mHealth can be a promising intervention for marital harmony during the perinatal period. MIESRA m-Health is a promising intervention on marital satisfaction during pregnancy and can be implemented as a part of the antenatal care programme to increase marital satisfaction.

Feminism and Husband-Wife Relationship in Society in Shobha De Novels'

Shobha De is a wonderful writer because of her extraordinary ability to communicate about extremely delicate aspects of the human condition. She has a unique ability to convey the complexities of interpersonal interactions, particularly those between men and women. Some in India with more conservative views have spoken out against her openness on the subject of sexuality. People are aware of some of her many qualities, but on the whole, they have no idea that she is a complex, multifaceted individual who can deftly juggle a wide range of skills. Traditional readers' opinions on the subject matter of her literature are the last thing you should consider, in my view, so don't bother listening to them. It's likely due to her rising widespread renown as a writer of imaginative prose. Most of her fans like her for two reasons: the content she covers and the unique way she presents it. This study aims to analyze how Shobha De approaches feminist concerns in her writing, focusing on Snapshots in particular. These females have the moxie and good judgement to keep going strong as a couple. Asha Rani and Akshay Arora's romance in Starry Nights (1991) is a great illustration of this sort of pairing. Men don't care about women's uniqueness, compassion, or perspective, but these women want more freedom to make decisions for themselves. They act irresponsibly, such as having extramarital affairs to vent their anger, or they may even do so.

Individual and Unity (Heti): The Generative Structure of Human Relations from the Confucian Perspective

In terms of the comprehension of modern order and values, understanding individuals and their relationship with the community has always been an important perspective. Scholars have noticed that traditional Confucian thought in China contains a profound understanding of individuals and their relationship with the community. In the Confucian perspective, an individual’s significance lies in human relations, with the “family” constituting the foundation and core of these. This study presents the unique structure of the “family” in Confucian ethics and its generative significance. A literature analysis of Confucianism reveals that it places significant importance on the husband–wife relationship. The husband–wife relationship is a unity (heti) in the order of human relations, where spouses enjoy equal status and respect. The union of husband and wife propels the generational progression of the entire human relation system, making the husband–wife relationship a core node in the continuity of human ethical order. In this generative structure woven by human relations, the individuals are always subordinate to the human relationships they are involved in. The primary significance of the individual lies in the roles and corresponding responsibilities assumed within various human relations. Previous discussions on Confucian ethics have failed to clearly unveil the generative structure inherent in the concept of the family. The Confucian understanding of the individual and their relationship with the community can only be accurately grasped by clarifying this aspect.

The Psychological Well-Being in Building Resilience of Indonesian Muslim Families: A Study of Hussein Muhammad's Thought

The relationship between husband and wife in the household is strongly influenced by the socio-cultural conditions of a society. In Indonesia, there are still many facts of life in husband-wife relationships that are still dominated by men in most aspects of life, both the distribution of rights and obligations as well as the authority and involvement of the parties in determining important family steps and decisions. This is because the culture in Indonesia is built on an unbalanced or unequal order in which men are placed as superior parties over inferior women. Husein Muhammad’s thinking can place the issue of husband-wife relations in a balanced and fair manner with all the variations of interpretation from century to century, from one hadith to another, and from one interpreter to another. His notion is also undoubtedly relevant to the concept of psychological well-being, which states that for a person to bring out their best potential, a person must be psychologically well, and one of the aspects that can affect psychological well-being is the pattern of relationships in the family. So, a balanced and fair relationship pattern will bring out the best potential in the family.

Jama’ah Tabligh’s Perspectives on Misogynistic Hadiths

This study aims to explore the understanding of the Jama'ah Tabligh of Masjid Muhammadan, whose understanding of misogynistic hadiths tends to be contextual. It is interesting for the author to explore what factors influence the dynamism of the Jama'ah Tabligh's understanding of hadiths, as the paradigm about the Jama'ah Tabligh is gender-biased and understanding hadiths in a literal-textual manner. The problem to be examined is to explore the Jama'ah Tabligh's understanding of the hadith about a wife's reluctance to have intimate relations with her husband, a wife's entry into paradise with the husband's consent, and what factors underlie the dynamism of their thinking. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological and gender approach. The data collection techniques used are semi-structured interviews with Jama'ah Tabligh of Masjid Muhammadan who have become 'amir in khuruj (selected objectively) and documentation, namely the books Riyadhus Shalihin and Fadhail 'Amal. The findings of this study are that in the matter of intimate relationships and wives' obedience to their husbands, they tend to be fair and balanced, treating their wives humanely and in accordance with Islamic teachings, while the factors underlying their thinking are the ideologies they embrace, which consist of Muhammadiyah and NU. Thus, it can be concluded that the Jama'ah Tabligh of Masjid Muhammadan tends to be contextual in understanding misogynistic hadiths, as the issue of the husband-wife relationship for them must consider the condition of a wife (intimate relationships and obedience of the wife). Furthermore, the dynamic reception of the Jama'ah Tablig is believed that they are no longer fanatical about the Jama'ah Tabligh ideology itself, but rather bring their own ideologies into the Jama'ah Tabligh group.

NALAR KRITIS POLIGAMI SEBAGAI KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA

In this paper, the researcher analyses and explains polygamy as a form of domestic violence from the perspective of positive Indonesian law and how it critiques Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage by examining Law No. 23 of 2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence in Indonesia. Using a literature review, this study found that polygamy carried out without fulfilling the conditions stipulated in the marriage law and Islamic Law Compilation (KHI) can be a form of domestic violence. This is because polygamy committed without the first wife's consent and without regard to the family's welfare can cause injustice and imbalance in the husband-wife relationship and damage the family concerned. Polygamy cases, if associated with Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the elimination of domestic violence, are a form of psychological violence that can be criminalised and charged with Domestic Violence Law No. 23 of 2004, specifically Article five, which states that "every person is prohibited from committing acts of domestic violence against persons within the scope of their household, whether committed directly or indirectly, to cause pain or misery or suffer physically, sexually, psychologically, and or domestic neglect, including domestic neglect". The criminal penalty can be imprisonment of up to three years or a fine of up to 9 million rupiahs. Suppose the psychological attack causes illness or prevents the victim from doing their job to the extent that their daily activities are disrupted. In that case, they can face imprisonment of up to four months or a fine of three million rupiahs.