HuoXue JieDu Research Articles

Huoxue Jiedu Huayu recipe inhibits macrophage-secreted vascular endothelial growth factor-a on angiogenesis and alleviates renal fibrosis in the contralateral kidneys of unilateral ureteral obstruction rats.

Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the sham group, UUO group (180 d of left ureter ligation), UUO plus eplerenone (EPL) group, and UUO plus HJHR group. After 180 d of oral drug administration, blood and contralateral kidneys were collected for analysis. Angiogenesis- and fibrosis-related indexes were detected. HJHR and EPL improved structural damage and renal interstitial fibrosis in the contralateral kidney and reduced the protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), vimentin and collagen I. Moreover, these treatments could reduce the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) by inhibiting the infiltration of macrophages. Furthermore, HJHR and EPL significantly reduced the expression of CD34 and CD105 by downregulating VEGFA production, which inhibited angiogenesis. Finally, the coexpressions of CD34, CD105 and α-SMA were decreased in the HJHR and EPL groups, indicating that endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition was inhibited. These findings confirm that HJHR alleviates contralateral renal fibrosis by inhibiting VEGFA-induced angiogenesis, encourage the use of HJHR against renal interstitial fibrosis and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical management of patients with CKD.

Effect of Yangxin Huoxue Jiedu recipe on inflammatory factors and oxidative stress on viral myocarditis in children.

This observation purposed to investigate the effect of the Yangxin Huoxue Jiedu formula on children with viral myocarditis and its effect on inflammatory factors and oxidative response. A total of 121 children with viral myocarditis were randomly divided into two groups, namely the control group (N = 60) and the traditional Chinese medicine group (N = 61). The control group was mainly treated with routine therapy, while the traditional Chinese medicine group was treated with Yangxin Huoxue Jiedu recipes based on the control group. The creatine kinase, creatine kinase myocardial isoenzyme, aspartate aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, cardiac troponin I, brain natriuretic peptide, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in viral myocarditis patients were tested to estimate the myocardial function, inflammation, and oxidative situation. After Yangxin Huoxue Jiedu treatment, 15 cases were recovered, 20 were excellent, and 21 were effective, which had a significant difference from the control group. The concentration of creatine kinase, creatine kinase myocardial isoenzyme, aspartate aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, cardiac troponin I and brain natriuretic peptide was decreased in the traditional Chinese medicine group. The levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in the traditional Chinese medicine group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Superoxide dismutase was higher and malondialdehyde was lower than those in the control group. The use of Yangxin Huoxue Jiedu in the treatment of viral myocarditis has a definite clinical effect, which could improve myocardial function, reduce body inflammation, and promote oxidative recovery.

Huoxue Jiedu Recipe represses mitochondrial fission to alleviate submandibular gland inflammation in Sjögren's syndrome.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is the second most common autoimmune rheumatism. Huoxue Jiedu Recipe (HXJDR) is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine with a variety of pharmacological functions; however, its biological function in SS has not been studied yet. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum samples were isolated from healthy controls and patients with SS. NOD/Ltj mice were used for developing the SS mouse model. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-related markers as well as dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) were determined by ELISA, quantitative real-time PCR, and western blot analysis, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining detected the pathological damage. A transmission electron microscope was used to observe the mitochondrial microstructure. Inflammatory cytokines IL-18, IL-1β, B-cell activating factor (BAFF), BAFF-receptor (BAFF-R), IL-6, and TNF-α in serum samples and NLRP3 inflammasome-related makers (NLRP3, cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 1 [caspase-1], apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-1 recruitment domain [ASC], IL-1β) in PBMCs were greatly upregulated in patients with SS. Furthermore, cytoplasmic phosphorylation of Drp1 and mitochondrial Drp1 level were significantly increased in PBMCs, while mitochondrial swelling and fuzzy inner ridge were observed in PBMCs of patients with SS, suggesting increased mitochondrial fission. Compared with control mice, SS mice showed decreased salivary flow rate, increased submandibular gland index, and more severe inflammatory infiltration and damage as well as mitochondrial fission in submandibular gland tissues. After HXJDR administration, these effects were significantly reversed. HXJDR treatment could alleviate the inflammatory infiltration and pathological damage in submandibular glands of SS mice by inhibiting Drp-1-dependent mitochondrial fission.

Double Regulation of Supplement-Detoxification on Diabetic Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Excessive Autophagy

<i>Objecive</i> To explore the mechanism of Huoxue Jiedu Jiangtang recipe (HJJR) in regulating the hyperactivation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) autophagy PERK-eIF2a-LC3 pathway, and reveal its prevention for diabetic atherosclerosis. <i>Methods</i> First, the rats were injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally to make the diabetic models, and then the aortic balloon injury combined with high-fat feeding were used to make the models of atherosclerosis who were randomly divided into model group, western medicine group (Gliquidone + Benazepril), low-dose HJJR group (HJJR₁), high-dose HJJR group (HJJR₂), and accepted corresponding drugs for 8 weeks respectively. Another blank group was used as control. The changes of serum glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), homocysteine (Hcy) and angiotensinII (Ang1I) were compared. HE staining was used to detect aortic pathology. The mRNA transcription of PRK-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eucaryotic translation initation factor 2α (eIF2α) and CCAAT / Enhance-Binding Protein Homologous Protein (CHOP) were tested by reverse- transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot were used to detect the expression of autophagy activating protein ATG6 (Beclin-1), autophagy protein microtubule-associated protein light chain LC3-1, LC3-II and LC3-II/LC3-I. <i>Results </i>Compared with the model group, after the drug intervention, the aortic tissue injury in each drug group were reduced, and the improvement in the Chinese medicine group was significantly better than that of the western medicine group (P < 0.05). All treatment groups could significantly lowed the levels of serum GHb, Hcy, and Ang1I (P < 0.05), could down regulate the transcription level of PERK, eIF2α and CHOP mRNA (P < 0.05); and decreased the amount of Beclin 1, LC3-II and LC3-II/LC3-1 autophagy protein in aortic cells (P < 0.05). The effect of HJJF group was better, and it was more significant with the increase of HJJF dose. <i>Conclusion</i> HJJR can protect arteries by inhibiting ERS caused by metabolic disorder in diabetes, correcting the homeostasis affecting ER, reducing the overreaction of PERK-eIF2-LC3, and alleviating autophagy effect.

Huoxue Jiedu Huayu recipe alleviates contralateral renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction rats by inhibiting the transformation of macrophages to myofibroblast.

Huoxue Jiedu Huayu recipe alleviates contralateral renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction rats by inhibiting the transformation of macrophages to myofibroblast.

Effects of Qingre Huoxue Jiedu Formula on Nerve Growth Factor-Induced Psoriasis.

To elucidate the mechanisms of 4 effective components from a Chinese medicine formula, namely Qingre Huoxue Jiedu Formula (QHJ heat- and toxin-clearing and blood-activating formula), in the treatment of nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced psoriasis. Keratinocyte proliferation and T cell proliferation models were developed using NGF. An NGF solution (NGF+DMEM, 100 ng/mL) was added to all induced groups and treated groups and were cultured for 24 h, while a solution with NTRK1 antagonist (K252a+DEME, 300 nmol/L) was added and cultured for 1 h. The models were used to evaluate the effects of the treatment with each of the 4 components of QHJ, namely shikonin, paeonol, astilbin and ursolic acid. Cell apoptosis and proliferation were measured by flow cytometry analysis and CCK8 assay, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of Bax, Bcl-xl, and NGF receptor (NGFR) were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis, respectively. (1) All QHJ-treated groups showed significantly increased cell apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation compared with the NGF-induced groups (P<0.05). In addition, treatment with QHJ plus NTRK1 significantly enhanced cell apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation compared with cells treated with QHJ only (P<0.05), particularly in cells treated with ursolic acid. (2) QHJ-treated groups showed higher protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-xl compared with other groups (P<0.05). Additionally, treatment with QHJ plus NTRK1 significantly increased the protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-xl and NGFR compared with those treated with QHJ only (all P<0.05), especially in those treated with shikonin. The action mechanism of QHJ on psoriasis might be through enhancing cell apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation, and upregulating the expression level of Bax, Bcl-xl and NGFR.

Huoxue Jiedu Huayu Formula Alleviates Cell Pyroptosis in Contralateral Kidneys of 6-Month-Old UUO Rats through the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β Pathway.

Objectives To study the protective effects and mechanisms of Huoxue Jiedu Huayu formula on cell pyroptosis through the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β pathway in contralateral kidneys in 6-month-old unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rats. Methods Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: a Sham group, a unilateral nephrectomy group (UNX group), a UUO group, a UUO treated with spironolactone group (Spi group), and a UUO treated with Huoxue Jiedu Huayu formula group (HJHF group). After 6 months of oral drug intervention, blood and contralateral kidneys were collected for research. Results The morphology and function of the contralateral kidneys were essentially normal after unilateral nephrectomy. HJHF obviously decreased serum creatinine, urea, and inflammatory lesions and depressed cell pyroptosis based on the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β pathway. Moreover, spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blocker, suppressed cell pyroptosis through SGK-1 and NF-кB. Conclusion HJHF and spirolactone inhibited excessive activation of MR and then reduced cell pyroptosis, which was dependent on the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β pathway, to protect the contralateral kidneys of 6-month-old UUO rats.

Pretreatment of Huoxue Jiedu Formula Ameliorates Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Decreasing Autophagy via Activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway.

Background: Myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) results in myocardial injury via excessive autophagy. Huoxue Jiedu Formula (HJF) has been widely applied in China for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease. However, the mechanisms of HJF are still poorly understood. Thus, the present experiment was designed to observe the effects of HJF on myocardial I/R injury and explore the possible mechanism. Methods: Myocardial injury in rats subjected to myocardial I/R was reflected by nitrotetrazolium blue chloride staining, thioflavin S staining, serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Autophagy was determined by electron microscopy, laser confocal microscopy, Q-PCR and western blot. The possible pathway was predicted by network pharmacology and validated in vivo and in vitro. Results: Pretreatment of HJF decreased the no-reflow area, infarcted area, serum CK-MB levels and serum cTnT levels in I/R rat model. In addition, pretreatment of HJF decreased autophagy in heart tissues (decrease in Beclin-1 and LC3-II, and increase in Bcl-2, p62 and ratio of LC3-I/LC3-II). In the vivo study, pretreatment of HJF significantly decreased hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced autophagy in H9C2 cells. Network pharmacology was applied to predict the possible mechanism by which HJF affects cardiac autophagy, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway. And experimental studies demonstrated that pretreatment of HJF increased the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR, and the effects of HJF on autophagy would be offset by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Conclusion: Pretreatment of HJF ameliorates myocardial I/R injury by decreasing autophagy through activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Double Regulation of Tonifying-Detoxifing on Elderly Diabetic Coronary Heart Disease After PCI

Objective to investigate the effect of Huoxue Jiedu Jiangtang Recipe (HJJR) on cardiac remodeling and function prognosis in diabetic patients complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods 92 diabetic patients with CHD who had received PCI therapy, were equally randomized into the treatment group (46) and the control group (46) from January 2016 to August 2016. The control group were given standardized western medicine, while treatment group received HJJR besides standardized treatment. The treating course were 2 months. Before and after treatment, the left ventricular morphology index [left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), left ventricular end-diastolic ventricular septal thickness (LVEST)] and the cardiac function data [stroke volume (SV), left ventricular fractional shortening (FS), the cardiac index (CI), cardiac output (CO), maximum blood flow velocity of early diastolic/ atrium late diastolic (E/A), left ventricle ejection fraction (EF)] were detected with echocardiography. The serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Angiotensin II (Ang II) were tested with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the clinical efficacy and 5-year survival rate were evaluated. Results The total clinical effective rate and 5-year survival ratio in treatment group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Serum inflammatory mediators (CRP, IL-6, TNF-α) and Ang II decreased more than that in the control group (all P<0.05); And in treatment group, the left ventricular morphology index (LVESD, LVEDD) decreased more than that in the control group, while the cardiac function indexes (∆ FS, CO, CI, SV, LVEF, E/A) were increased more in treatment group. Conclusion HJJR can hold back the deterioration of heart restructure, improve heart function, ameliorate prognosis and prolong living in diabetic CHD after PCI, and its partial therapeutic effects might come from its reducing the level of Ang II and anti-inflammatory function.

HuoXue JieDu formula improves diabetic retinopathy in rats by regulating microRNAs

Ethnopharmacological relevanceHuoXue JieDu Formula (HXJDF) originates from classical formulas and was formed based on clinical experience. It is composed of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold, Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. Chen, the roots of Anguina kirilowii (Maxim.) Kuntze, and Coptis omeiensis (C. Chen) C.Y.Cheng. HXJDF prevents the deterioration of diabetic retinopathy. Aim of the studyTo evaluate the effects of HXJDF on diabetic retinopathy in rats and investigate the roles of miRNAs in the effects of HXJDF. Materials and methodsA single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg) was used to induce diabetes in rats. Rats were divided into three groups: normal, diabetic, and diabetic + HXJDF. Rats were treated with HXJDF (15.4 g/kg) or water by oral gavage for twelve weeks. At the end of the treatment, rats were anaesthetized, and retinal haemodynamic changes were measured. Then, the retinas were removed and examined by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and TUNEL assays. In addition, miRNA expression profiling was performed using miRNA microarrays and further validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). ResultsDiabetes reduced peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean velocity (MV) and central retinal vein velocity (CRV) but increased the resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI). In addition, in the diabetic group, retinal cell arrangement was disordered and loosely arranged, the retinal thickness and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) number decreased, and retinal cell apoptosis increased. In addition, 11 miRNAs were upregulated and 4 miRNAs were downregulated. After treatment, HXJDF improved retinal haemodynamics and morphologic changes, restored retinal thickness and RGC number and decreased retinal cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the changes in miRNA expression were significantly abolished by HXJDF. ConclusionHXJDF may prevent DR by regulating the expression of miRNAs.

Huoxue Jiedu Huayu Recipe Ameliorates Mesangial Cell Pyroptosis in Contralateral Kidney of UUO Rats.

Objectives To observe the effects of the Huoxue Jiedu Huayu Recipe (HJHR) on pyroptosis of glomerular mesangial cells in the contralateral unobstructed kidney (CK) of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group, UUO group (10 days of left ureter ligation), UUO treated with eplerenone (EPL) (UUO + EPL) group, and UUO treated with HJHR (UUO + HJHR) group. The CKs of all rats were collected for studies. Results Cell pyroptosis and macrophage infiltration was found in contralateral glomeruli, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin (IL)-1β expression was upregulated in the CK of UUO rats. All of these changes were inhibited by HJHR and eplerenone. To determine how aldosterone (Aldo) activated the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and then induced mesangial cell pyroptosis with NLRP3-caspase-1-IL-1β pathway, human mesangial cells (HMCs) were treated with HJHR and eplerenone, which were examined to detect the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins following treatment with Aldo. Conclusion These results suggest that HJHR and eplerenone suppressed HMC pyroptosis via the MR/NLRP3 pathway.

Whether Fire-needle Therapy Benefits Plaque Psoriasis: A Multicenter, Randomized, and Controlled Trial.

To observe the clinical effectiveness and safety of fire-needle therapy, an external approach of Chinese medicine in treating plaque psoriasis. This study was a two-parallel-arm randomized controlled trial. A total of 151 participants with plaque psoriasis were randomly assigned to the fire-needle therapy group (treatment group, 76 cases) or the control group (75 cases) at a 1:1 allocation ratio using SAS software. All participants received Oral Huoxue Jiedu Decoction (, HXJDD) and applied externally vaseline cream twice a day. Participants in the treatment group received fire-needle therapy once weekly for 4 weeks plus HXJDD and vaseline cream applied the same as the control group. The primary outcome measure was Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score, and the secondary outcomes were Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQL), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), as well as Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome score and photos of target lesions. The indices were evaluated before and after treatment. Sixty-eight patients in each group completed the study. The treatment group has not yet achieved significant improvement in PASI score (P>0.05) compared to the control group. However, significant differences were found between the two groups in relieving CM syndrome (P<0.05) and improving quality of life (P<0.05). Fire-needle appears to be safe and may have benefit for psoriasis, the short-term treatment and small sample size limit the conclusions of this study. Further rigorous randomized controlled trials with longer treatment are recommended.

Effect of “Nourishing Yin and Qi, Promoting Blood Circulation and Detoxification” on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress CHOP Apoptotic Bypass in Diabetic Atherosclerosis

To explore the mechanism of Huoxue Jiedu Jiangtang Recipe (HJJR) in alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) - inflammation, inhibiting ERS apoptotic bypass of CHOP and alleviating diabetic atherosclerosis (AS). Diabetic AS rats were duplicated by feeding of high lipid diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. After diabetes modeled successfully, the rats were randomly divided into model group, low-dose HJJR group (HJJR1), high-dose HJJR group (HJJR2) and western medicine group (Gliquidone+ Benazepril), and accepted corresponding drugs for 2 months respectively. The same batch of rats were taken as normal control group and fed with common diet. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), blood lipid, fasting serum insulin (FINS) and insulin resistance index (IRI) were measured in each group. The contents of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA transcription of GRP78 and caspase-12 were tested by reverse- transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The apoptotic level of aortic cells was checked by TUNEL. Compared with the model group, all drug groups could significantly reduce GHb, IRI, TG and LDL-C (P<0.05), increase FINS and HDL-C (P<0.05), down-regulate transcription of CHOP and GRP78 (P<0.05), reduce inflammatory factors TNF-a, IL-6, and decreased aortic apoptosis index (AI) (P<0.05). Compared with the western medicine group, the effect of HJJR2 group was more significant (P<0.05). HJJR could alleviate insulin resistance, correct lipid metabolism disorder, depress endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced inflammatory reaction, and inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptotic bypass of CHOP in arterial cells. The therapeutic effect is dose dependent.

Wenyang Huoxue Jiedu formula inhibits thin-cap fibroatheroma plaque formation via the VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathway

Ethnopharmacological relevanceFor many years, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine has been successfully using the empirical Wenyang Huoxue Jiedu formula (WHJF) to treat coronary heart disease. Modern theories of acute coronary syndrome mainly focus on rupture of thin-cap fibroatheromas (TCFAs), which is closely related to the release of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor (VEGF/VEGFR). Aim of studyWe investigated the effects of WHJF on the formation of TCFA plaques and the potential mechanism (VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathway). Materials and methodsFor the in vivo experiments, WHJF was administered to ApoE-/- mice, as a model of TCFA plaque formation. Aortic sections of the mice were obtained, and the vulnerability index and new vessel density of plaques were calculated by the Movat staining assay and immunohistochemistry kit, respectively. Protein and mRNA expression levels of VEGF/VEGFR in aortas were assayed by capillary electrophoresis immunoassay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses. In vitro, WHJF serum was produced in rats on the fourth day 2 h after the first administration of different concentrations of WHJF. Proliferation, migration, and lumen formation ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with sera from these rats were assayed by the CKK-8 kit, Transwell plates, and Matrigel assay, respectively. Protein and mRNA expression levels of signaling molecules in the VEGF/VEGFR pathways were also examined. ResultsIn vivo, the vulnerability index and new vessel density of plaques in the WHJF group were lower than those values in the blank control group (P < 0.05). No differences were found between the groups in the expression levels of VEGF/VEGFR (P > 0.05). In vitro, the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs in the high-dose WHJF group were reduced compared to the control group (P < 0.05). This finding was in agreement with the downregulation of VEGFR-2 and pERK (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of signaling molecules showed no difference between the groups (P > 0.05). ConclusionsWHJF inhibits TCFA formation by influencing the VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathway.

Effect of Huoxue Jiedu Jiangtang Formulation on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Diabetic Atherosclerosis

Objecive: To study the effects of Huoxue Jiedu Jiangtang formulation (HJJF) on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) coupled inflammatory response From the molecular mechanism in diabetic vascular disease. Methods: Type 2 diabetes were established in male SD rats by feeding high lipid diet and injection of streptozotocin. after T2DM models established successfully, the rats were divided into model group, low-dose HJJF group (HJJF1), high-dose HJJF group (HJJF2), and Western medicine group (Gliquidone+Benazepril), and accepted corresponding drugs for 8 weeks respectively. Another normal group were used as control group, fed with normal diet, no drug intervention. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), IL-6 and TNF-α were tested. The ERS signaling molecules glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) mRNA transcription level in thoracic aorta vessel were determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Compared with model group, After drugs intervention, all administered groups could significantly decrease FPG (P<0.05), elevate SOD and GSH-Px (P<0.05); all could reduce levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, IL-6 and TNF-α (P<0.05), and raise HDL-C (P<0.05); all could depress the transcription levels of GRP78 and JNK mRNA (P<0.05). With increasing dose, the HJJF effect is more significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: HJJF could improve insulin resistance, correct lipid metabolism disorders, and enhance the antioxidative ability, inhibit the response of ERS coupled inflammatory, showing the multi-target treatment characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

HuoXueJieDu Formula Alleviates Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats by Inhibiting SOCS3-STAT3 and TIMP1-A2M Pathways.

HuoXueJieDu (HXJD) formula exerts protective effects against diabetic retinopathy (DR) in rats, but its underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, the diabetic rats were established using streptozocin. The administration of HXJD was initiated at 20 weeks after diabetes induction and continued for 12 weeks. Whole genome expression profiles in rat retinas were examined using microarray technology. Differential gene expression and pathway enrichment analysis were conducted on the microarray data, with validation through real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that 170 genes and several IPA canonical pathways related to inflammation, matrix metabolism, and phototransduction were regulated by HXJD. PCR validation of selected genes, including SOCS3, STAT3, TIMP1, and A2M, confirmed the gene expression changes influenced by HXJD. In addition, the immunohistochemical staining results suggested that critical members of the SOCS3-STAT3 pathway were also affected by HXJD. Taken together, these results indicated that SOCS3-STAT3 and TIMP1-A2M pathways might mediate the alleviation of HXJD activities in rats with diabetic retinopathy.

The Clinical Observation on Treatment of Stable Cardiac Angina Pectoris due to Qi-deficiency and Blood-stasis with Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu Decoction

Objective To investigate the effects of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu Decoction on Syndrome,hemorheology and homocysteine(Hcy)of patients with stable cardiac angina pectoris due to qi-deficiency and blood-stasis.Methods 98 patients with stable angina pectoris due to qi-deficiency and blood-stasis are randomly divided into a treatment group and a control groups.Conventional treatments as inhaling oxygen,dilating coronary artery,and resisting coagulation were used for the both group.Besides conventional treatments.Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu Decoction was additionally given to the treatment group.Observe the changes of Syndrome,hcmorheology and homocysteine.Results The improvement of Syndrome,hemorheology and homocysteine in the treatment group was significantly better than the Control group(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).Conclusion The curative effect of treating stable a.gina pectoris due to qi-deficiency and blood-stasis with conventional treatments together with Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu Decoction is better than conventional western medical treatment. Key words: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu Decoction ; Stable cardiac angina Pectoris ; TCM Syndrome ; Hemotheology ; Homocysteine ;