Hunting Tourism Research Articles

A Research on Gaziantep Chukar production station

Chukar (Alectoris chukar), is one of the most popular game birds in Turkey. The generation of this species has been greatly reduced in the last century. It is possible to reproduce this bird species, to bring it to nature, to develop hunting tourism in our country, to make special hunting areas and to earn income from hunting tourism. Chukar (Alectoris chukar) is found over a large areas in Turkey as well as over the world. Unfortunately, their population has been decreasing due to human pressure in the country. Breeding stations have been established for the production of this species in Turkey in order to increase their population and make them available for hunting. The breeding stations are the areas where the extinct species are artificially produced and the facilities required for production are established. Their main purpose is to produce extensively species in artificially established facilities, and to place these animals in suitable habitats or new production stations and to benefit from animals placed in production stations as new breeding stations. Chukar breeding, some people in Turkey just as a hobby, is made by some government agencies and research purposes Faculties of Agriculture and Veterinary some universities with the aim to ensure the continuation of his generation in recent years. In this study, located in Gaziantep province, studies were carried out on the production and release of wild animals to the nature at the production stations. General information about the establishment of production stations, production techniques, working order, encountered problems, applications to be made to solve problems and precautions to be taken are given. A detailed investigation and research has been carried out on Chukar Production Station established in Gaziantep province. In this context, Gaziantep Chukar Production Station is located at the provincial borders. After the production of hunting and wild animals produced in this station, they are placed in nature in the docking sites. In this study, deficiencies and problems of the production station mentioned above have been revealed.

Analysis of Hunting Tourism: a Case Study of Slovenia (Prlekija Region)

The exploration of hunting tourism reveals its multifaceted benefits, encompassing nature preservation and tourism expansion. This study delves into the dynamics and prospective trends within hunting tourism, specifically in Prlekija's administrative unit of Gornja Radgona, Slovenia. It commences with a comprehensive international comparative analysis, followed by insightful semi-structured interviews involving key stakeholders within the destination. Hunting tourism emerges as a pivotal facet of tourism within this locale, exhibiting substantial potential for further growth, particularly in terms of diversification, regional integration, and synergy with other tourism offerings. However, it's imperative to address the adverse impacts of hunting tourism on biodiversity. As a counterbalance, the study underscores the increasing global emphasis on sustainable variants of hunting tourism, such as wildlife photography, fostering a more conscientious approach to animal tourism practices.

Development of virtual hunting tourism as the basis for the conservation of pristine wildlife

Many people in today's society still enjoy hunting as a hobby to relax and disconnect from their busy daily lives. The Crimean Peninsula, located on the Black Sea coast, is not only famous for its history, natural landscapes and resorts, but is also one of the most popular places for hunting tourism. Magnificent natural conditions, a variety of wildlife and seasonal migrations make the peninsula an ideal place for hunting and adventure, surrounded by spectacular scenery. Crimean hunting tourism offers a unique opportunity not only to plunge into the world of hunting passions, but also to enjoy all the delights of the peninsula. The relevance of studying the development of a tourist and recreational hunting tourism project is due to the actively developing market for the provision of services in the field of hunting in our country. But the hunting resources of the Crimean forests are not limitless. The possibility of replacing real hunting tourism with virtual tourism with the help of modern IT technologies (VR, AR) is the goal of our research. Thanks to this approach, a potential hunter can feel like he is in a real wild environment, but at the same time know that his life is not in serious danger. In addition, the important task of preserving endangered animal species in the wild is being solved.

Emotional intelligence & ethical decision making in hunting tourism: a virtue based approach

ABSTRACT Recent research has indicated that hunting tourism is growing and that hunters tend to act more unethically when hunting as tourists. Informed by an Aristotelian Virtue-Ethics theoretical framework, the researchers propose and test a link between emotional intelligence and ethical decision-making. Specifically, survey-based research tests the relationship between emotional intelligence and ethical decision-making by measuring a hunter's perception of ethical behaviour of self. The multiple regression findings support a relationship between emotional intelligence and ethical decision-making. The proposed theoretical framework and results should inform the development of new evidence and theory-based hunter-education platforms. The framework and results should also provide novel theoretical and evidence-based grounds to study further and enhance the hunting tourism industry.

Examine Structural Relationships Between Hunting Tourism Product Quality and Tourist Hunters’ Satisfaction

Abstract The hunting tourism product is based on various hunting game and other types of services (accommodation, food, transport, educational services, cultural and recreational activities). This study reveals four factors that influence choosing a hunting destination and satisfaction with consuming tourism services. The study aimed to analyze the relationship between hunting tourism products quality and overall tourist satisfaction and to examine the measurement model for hunting tourists’ satisfaction. This scale focuses on specific elements of hunting tourism products and contributes to a better understanding of the quality of hunting tourism offers. Using the CFA, the reliability and validity of the hunting tourism satisfaction scale (HUNTSS) were confirmed on the sample in Serbia, and this scale was validated as a reliable four-factor model which could be assessed for future research improvements. Results of SEM showed the influences of four factors of hunting tourism products on overall satisfaction.

Economic impact of roe deer tourist hunts in Vojvodina (Serbia)

Abstract Hunting tourism can have significant positive economic effects on the local community. The objective of the paper is to estimate the direct economic impact of roe deer hunting tourism, with a focus on regional level, by applying the Nordic Model. Analysis was based on data gathered in the autumn of 2021, from the interviews with hunting ground managers and hunting tourism outfitters, and a literature review. The length of stay of tourist hunters ranged from 2 to 6 days. According to the interviews and statistical data, one hunting tourist spent an average of 2,121 € per hunting day in Serbia. In 2019 the direct economic income of roe deer hunting tourism in Vojvodina was 623,574 €. The regional economic impact of hunting tourism in Vojvodina is significant given the small number of tourists from whom substantial income is generated. Developing of hunting activates on one or more game species could bring significant economic benefits to these kind of local communities. Resources raised through hunting tourism are later used in these regions through direct investment and as a tool for sustainable wildlife management, and thus, the ecological and economic sustainability of hunting tourism is crucial and must be considered in future development process.

Taxonomic analysis of the species composition and fauna of fish caught in the watery areas of Bukhara region

The article analyzes the species composition, the leading orders, the spectrum of families, the taxonomic composition of fish harvested in Bukhara region and adjacent watery areas. Data on the ecology of seasonal and territorial distribution of fish fauna collected from reservoirs of various types in Bukhara region, and environmental factors affecting them and manifestations of fish adaptation to these impacts are presented. The economic efficiency of fishery farms can be improved by preserving their stability through special breeding of fish species and introducing hunting tourism.

Sustainable Hunting as a Tourism Product in Dehesa Areas in Extremadura (Spain)

The dehesa is one of the main agricultural landscapes in the Extremadura region. It is currently undergoing a production crisis caused by changes in the market, including the abandonment of uses linked to its exploitation. This situation could lead to the disappearance of this unique landscape due to its anthropogenic nature. It is therefore necessary to develop alternative activities to improve its productive profitability, which could include sustainable hunting. The hunting literature recognizes the role it plays in environmental, economic, and social sustainability, with hunting tourism being one of the productive activities that generates the most wealth within the sector, where big game hunting is of great importance. In this scenario, the regions of Villuercas-Ibores-Jara and La Siberia have an ideal landscape for the development of this modality due to their physical characteristics. For this reason, this study carried out an analysis of the situation of hunting tourism in these areas through the dissemination of a questionnaire among the managers of rural accommodation in the study area. The responses recorded were processed using statistical techniques that allowed us to extract interesting results such as the importance of hunting as a tourist resource, with a large number of big game species living in these areas, the high presence of hunters in these lodgings during the hunting season, the role that hunting plays in environmental, economic, and social sustainability, and the need to create a specific tourist product that meets the needs of the demand of hunters.

Habitat use of and threats to African large carnivores in a mixed-uselandscape.

Large carnivores increasingly inhabit human-affected landscapes, which exhibit heterogeneity in biotic resources, anthropogenic pressures, and management strategies. Understanding large carnivore habitat use in these systems is critical for their conservation, as is the evaluation of competing management approaches and the impacts of significant land-use changes. We used occupancy modeling to investigate habitat use of an intact eastern African large carnivore guild across the 45,000 km2 Ruaha-Rungwa landscape in south-central Tanzania. We determined the relative impact on five large carnivore species of biotic, anthropogenic, and management factors at the scales of home range selection and short-term use within home ranges. We also specifically tested the effect of abandonment of trophy hunting areas on large carnivore occurrence. Patterns of habitat use differed among species. Lions (Panthera leo) appeared affected by top-down limitation, as their occurrence was significantly negatively associated with illegal human activity (β = -0.63 [SE 0.28]). African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus), instead, were limited by biotic features; the species was negatively associated with riverine areas of high sympatric predator density (β = -1.00 [SE 0.43]) and used less-productive habitats. Spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta) and leopard (Panthera pardus) persisted in more disturbed areas and across habitat types. Large carnivore occurrence was not affected by whether an area was used for photographic or trophy hunting tourism; regular law enforcement was instead a better predictor of occurrence. All species fared better in actively managed hunting areas than those that had been abandoned by operators. Overall, our findings highlight the divergent habitat requirements within large carnivore guilds and the importance of adopting an integrated approach to large carnivore conservation planning in modern systems. We also identified a novel threat to African conservation areas in the form of decreased management investments associated with the abandonment of trophy hunting areas.

The residents' attitudes about the development of hunting tourism in Vojvodina (Serbia)

Successful development of hunting tourism requires the support of a local community and positive attitudes of residents. This research aims to explore the population in the Vojvodina region (Serbia) which was well known hunting tourism destination in Europe during the '70s and '80s. The survey included a final sample of 206 respondents. This study showed that residents mostly approve of and support hunting tourism revitalization. However, they find that it needs to be implemented sustainably, according to the law, without threatening the habitat and game funds. This study also explored different predictors that shape attitudes towards hunting tourism. Results show that being a hunter, having a higher level of education, frequently having outdoor activities in nature, being interested in the topic of hunting and hunting tourism, and having a dominant meat diet lead to a more positive attitude towards hunting tourism.

An analysis of Trophy Hunting Tourism Marketing Mix Performance of Zimbabwe

The study analysed the performance of trophy hunting tourism marketing mix activities in Zimbabwe in an attempt to improve tourism performance. Mixed methodology research comprising of 137 survey stakeholders and survey 274 tourists, one (1) focus group discussion and four (4) in-depth interview key informants was carried out from January 2019 to June 2019.Hunting quotas were based on the three regions, of Zimbabwe and Wildlife Management Authority, namely Southern Region, Western Region and Northern Region showing tourists type and stakeholder classes, and this was done. Quantitative data were analysed by correlation tests and one sample mean test values using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Qualitative data were synthesised using content and narrative analyses. The study indicated that Zimbabwe performed highly in terms of process, product, people and place marketing mix strategies in its trophy hunting activities. The results indicated a weak relationship between perceptions of local and foreign trophy hunting tourists on rating the marketing mix performance of Zimbabwe. Tourists and stakeholders were found to have a significant positive relationship in their perceptions of wildlife tourism performance of Zimbabwe. The test of trophy hunting acceptability showed a statistically significant and above average performance of Zimbabwe on trophy hunting marketing mix. The study concluded that, though Zimbabwe performs high on overall trophy hunting tourism marketing mix strategies, there was need for improvements on promotion and pricing strategies.

Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Consumer Profile of Hunting Tourism and Trophy Hunting from Tradition to Protected Areas: Study Case on Romania and Spain

Hunting has major importance from many perspectives: As a product of leisure and recreation, as a tool for conservation and wildlife management, as the main economic activity in rural areas, or as a cultural heritage and traditional activity for countries around the world, especially for countries in Europe and Africa. Therefore, this research fills a gap in the literature and offers a cross-cultural opinion and perceptions of 198 hunters from Romania and Spain. The aim of the paper is to analyze the perceptions and opinions of hunters regarding hunting tourism through an online self-administrated questionnaire by convenience sampling using hunters associations from these countries. Among the values that identify hunting as an activity, hunters highlight the human values (friendship, company, ethics), ecological values (love of nature associated with hunting as a tool to understand and enjoy the natural environment), and social values (resources generated, hobby, effort). The respondents can self-criticize some components and aspects of hunting groups. Hunters believe that the future of this sector is moving towards commercial hunting, associated with purchasing power to ensure results. Regardless of the nationality of the hunters, their values related to this sector are similar.

Climatic and Biological Factors Related with Goat Grazing Management in the Arid Grassland of the Coquimbo Region (Northern Chile)

(1) Background: Desertification is one of the most important environmental impacts around the world. In the semiarid grassland of North of Chile, overgrazing has deep effects on arid lands and consequently on its economy and social development. It is necessary to conduct very detailed studies to determine how the climate, the botanical composition and the grazing system affects this process; (2) Methods: In this paper, we have determined the effect on arid grasslands of three goat managements: exclusions, continuous and deferred grazing on forage biomass, richness, Berger–Parker’s dominance and Shannon’s diversity. This study was developed in Las Cardas Range Station (CEALC) of the University of Chile in the Coquimbo region. The effect of annual and seasonal rainfall on biomass, diversity, richness and dominance parameters was determined; (3) Results: Allochthonous, endemic and native species showed significant changes both for seasonal and annual precipitation. In contrast, the grazing system only affected dominance and biomass of native and endemic species. Deferred grazing was the only management system that increased overall biomass productivity, especially on the best forage plant species. Exclusions showed a positive influence on more endangered species, which were the most vulnerable to goat overgrazing; (4) Conclusions: In consequence, we proposed a network of areas under deferred grazing combined with exclusions. This strategy can increase simultaneously forage productivity, grassland conservation and preservation of associated resources as hunting and wildlife tourism. Moreover, this strategy of range management will allow the sustainability of community of farmers in one of the poorest and most desertified areas in South America.

Can the subaltern speak? Contradictions in trophy hunting and wildlife conservation trajectory in Botswana

Botswana re-introduced trophy hunting in 2019. This generated a debate about the relevance of trophy hunting in achieving wildlife conservation and human well-being among wildlife stakeholders. The stakeholders include the Government of Botswana, local agro-pastoralists, photographic and trophy hunting tourism operators and anti-hunting groups. Stakeholders differ in opinion on the acceptability of trophy hunting as a socio-economic development and conservation tool. This paper, therefore, adopts the socio-ecological framework and uses Spivak’s rhetoric question: “Can the Subaltern Speak”, to analyse contradictions of trophy hunting, human well-being and wildlife conservation trajectory in Botswana. The study is qualitative and makes use of interviews and secondary data sources. The results indicate that the Government of Botswana and communities (agro-pastoralists) especially those residing in wildlife areas prefer both trophy hunting and photographic tourism as a strategy to derive tourism benefits and achieve wildlife conservation. Conversely, animal rights groups reject trophy hunting noting its failure to promote wildlife conservation. The paper concludes that the socio-ecological framework is the ideal guide for wildlife conservation and human well-being in wildlife areas. Both photographic tourism and trophy hunting are sustainable land use options with the potential to achieve wildlife conservation and human well-being in Botswana.

‘Game which the pampered pleasure seekers seek’: hunting tourism, conservation, and colonialism in the Yukon Territory, Canada, 1910–1940

ABSTRACT This article examines the rise in popularity of hunting tourism in the Yukon Territory, Canada from 1910 to 1940 with particular attention to the ways in which hunting tourism intersected with wildlife regulation and colonisation. As sport hunting became more profitable, proponents both within and outside of the Yukon argued for increased wildlife regulation and the adoption of a North American conservation ethic. In 1920 the Yukon Territorial Government significantly amended the Yukon Game Ordinance in ways that created significant impacts on Indigenous ways of life. Changes to Game Ordinance regulations, influenced by colonial ideologies about wildlife, economically disadvantaged Yukon First Nations and threatened to undermine their subsistence lifestyles. Throughout this period, sport hunters, big game guides and outfitters, government officials, First Nations, and colonial agents all debated the purpose of conservation and the lived realities of wildlife regulation. This Yukon history of hunting tourism fits within broader histories at the intersection of tourism, conservation, and colonisation and demonstrates the ways that colonial ideologies about wildlife and conservation have favoured recreational uses of the natural world while undercutting Indigenous subsistence and market hunting and, in the Yukon, pushed First Nations to the margins of this new tourism economy.

The tourism business operator as a moral gatekeeper – the relational work of recreational hunting in Sweden

The article analyses how hunting tourism businesses in Sweden navigate in the nexus between moral and economic value spheres. Through the analytical lens of ‘moral gatekeeper’, the business operators are depicted as acting from a position where they navigate in a contested space. The analysis demonstrates how the operators balance different norms and practices of recreational hunting, wildlife management, business ethics and customer expectations. The study is based on ethnographic interviews with business operators, observations of hunting arrangements, and document analysis of hunting media, with a focus on narratives and accounts of value. The findings show a complex moral economy where stewardship hunting and gift economics are both intertwined with and kept separate from market relations, which makes the hunting arrangements, appear as a ‘peculiar’ form of commodity. The analysis demonstrates how moral arguments concerning wildlife management and human well-being are embedded in market relations and discourses on experiences, entailing seemingly opposite forms of commodification. One is related to calculable values, as in trophy hunting, and one is related to the embodied experience of nature. The study provides nuanced and contextual knowledge of the intertwinement of personal and market relationships in recreational hunting and the commodification of wildlife experiences.

Empowering women to protect wildlife in former hunting tourism zones: a political ecology of Akashinga, Zimbabwe

Anti-poaching is an important component of the tourism management system for destinations that rely on wildlife as their key attraction. The present paper, broadly grounded in political ecology, explores how social justice tenets are used to frame and implement anti-poaching initiatives in Sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, the study examines the Akashinga model, a Zimbabwean woman-only anti-poaching initiative founded by the Australian conservation activist, Damien Mander. Political ecology lends itself well to the analysis of social justice initiatives as it unpacks how political, economic and social factors interact with environmental issues and changes. Akashinga is particularly compelling as a socially innovative conservation model intended to replace hunting tourism in Sub-Saharan wilderness areas. Data were collected from a rich selection of online sources, including social media and relevant websites. Our analysis reveals Akashinga’s framing and modus operandi as premised three dimensions: community involvement, the empowerment of women, and the superiority of women in achieving anti-poaching success and broader conservation outcomes. It is argued that, while Akashinga makes a positive contribution to the local community and wildlife conservation efforts, there are important caveats to consider, in the context of postcolonial power relations.

Community perspectives of empowerment from trophy hunting tourism in Namibia’s Bwabwata National Park

Trophy hunting (TH) tourism plays an important and often controversial role in wildlife conservation and community livelihood in many African countries. Despite its potential social and economic benefits, TH can have a negative impact among the locals and pose critical challenges in governance. However, research on the local community perspective of TH and how it is linked to empowerment of locals and wildlife conservation in Namibia remains limited. Therefore, to address these gaps, our study explores how communities of Namibia’s Bwabwata National Park perceive TH and how TH supports or hinders empowerment of local communities and their relationship with wildlife. Through semi-structured interviews with community members, this study elucidates the economic benefits and inequities, cultural impacts from lack of traditional hunting, perceived relationship to poaching, and limitations of governance and distrust among stakeholders. This research innovatively applies empowerment theory to TH tourism and thus, can strengthen and inform sound governance and sustainable practices of TH at local, national, and international levels by providing the local perspective that has largely been absent from the TH debate.

Hunting tourism as a factor for economic development of hunting associations on the territory of the City of Leskovac

The subject of this study is the impact of hunting tourism on the development of hunting associations in the territory of the City of Leskovac in Serbia. Non-experimental model of scientific research, survey, was applied in the paper, while the obtained results were processed by statistical data processing. Data are presented in tables and graphs. The total number of completed questionnaires by service users was 475. The largest percentage of hunters on hunting grounds were foreign tourists compared to domestic tourists, which accounted for 84.50% of the total number of hunting tourists in 2017, 87.1% in 2018 .year and 89 8% in 2019. The income generated from the stay of hunters' tourists was used by hunting associations for the purchase of certain game species and the modernization of hunting and technical facilities. The amount of revenue generated increased by 2.3% each year in 2018 and by 22.6% in 2019. Investments in 2017-2019 were up 20.1% in 2018 to 38.8% in 2019, while funds earmarked for wildlife procurement were significantly higher by 3.8% in 2018, and 50% in 2019. It can be concluded that hunting and hunting tourism must be focused on habitat conservation, environmental protection, and wildlife protection and a very important segment of the economic development of hunting associations and the entire territory in which hunting associations operate.

Possibilities of more perspective development of the hunting destination 'Karađorđevo'

In the territory of Vojvodina, there are numerous hunting grounds that are in the ranks of the most elite hunting grounds in Serbia and the wider region. One of them is the hunting ground "Karađorđevo". The aim of the study was to determine what are the characteristics of the hunting destination and elements of the hunting tourism product that are important to hunting tourist when going on a journey. The goal was to determine how much the hunting tourists are satisfied with their hunting experience in this hunting area. The results showed that the most important was the quality of the hunting organization, and the least significant were additional contents of tourist animation. The natural resources of the area are the elements that hunters were most satisfied with. Respondents are less satisfied with the quality of accommodation and are least satisfied with the complementary tourist offer.