Hungarian Defence Forces Research Articles

Examination of the phases of behaviour change among participants of the Lifestyle Change Programme

Developing and maintaining a healthy lifestyle is an important and up-to-date topic for the Hungarian Defence Forces, too. A health-conscious lifestyle, which helps achieve the mental and physical well-being of the soldiers of the Hungarian Defence Forces and increases their deployability, may be adopted with the help of intervention programmes focusing on lifestyle change. The Hungarian Defence Forces Body Composition Programme (hereinafter referred to as HDF BCP) was introduced in 2015 in accordance with the above. According to Article 12 of Decree No. 10/2015 (VII.30.) of the Hungarian Ministry of Defence on medical, mental and physical fitness for military service and on the review procedure,1 a soldier who has different parameters than the physical recommendation must be offered a participation in the HDF BCP. Based on the starting body weight and body fat percentage of the soldier, a weight loss schedule is determined which is to be met every three months during a 12-month period. Within the framework of the Programme, this study examined the distribution of participants of the Programme according to the stages of the behavioural change process, on which the transtheoretical model (TTM) was based. According to the results of the literature, the effectiveness of the lifestyle change programs and the possible number of dropouts are greatly influenced by the stage of change in which participants are.

Egészségpszichológiai tevékenységek relevanciája a Honvéd Testalkati Programban

Az epidemiológiai kutatások egyre nagyobb szerepet tulajdonítanak az életmódnak és a viselkedésnek a krónikus nem fertőző betegségek, a túlsúly és az elhízás kialakulásában. A Magyar Honvédségben is jelentős problémaként van jelen a túlsúly és a fizikai képességek csökkenése, s e probléma megoldása érdekében indult el 2015-ben a Honvéd Testalkati Program (HTP). Tanulmányunkban a HTP részeként jelenleg is alkalmazott, illetve a jövőben bevezetni tervezett egészségpszichológiai tevékenységek bemutatásával és azok szerepével foglalkozunk az életmódváltás szemszögéből.

Fejezetek a területi katonai igazgatási rendszer történetéből

A trianoni békeszerződésben előírt és a honvédségre vonatkozó törvények életbelépésével kialakult az a jogszabályi környezet, amely már a Magyar Királyi Honvédség további szervezését szolgálta. Megérkeztek Magyarországra a SZKEB1 tagjai, akik felügyelték a hadseregszervező munkát, illetve a békeszerződés rendelkezéseinek betartását. A területi katonai igazgatási szervezetek – a körletparancsnokságok kivételével – megszűntek, illetve – kikerülve a Honvédelmi Minisztérium alárendeltségéből – névleg egy másik minisztérium fennhatósága alá kerültek. A honvédségről szóló 1921. évi, majd az 1922-ben módosított és életbe léptetett törvénycikk adott felhatalmazást a honvédelmi miniszternek a toborzást szabályzó rendeletek kiadására. Mivel ezek a rendeletek az új kiegészítési rendszert is szabályozták – emellett feladatokat határoztak meg a területi katonai igazgatási szervezeteknek –, érdemes megismerni az ezekben foglaltakat.

The Cult of Saint László (Saint Ladislaus) in the Hungarian Army

Every July, in Letkés and Ipolyszalka (Slovakia), the St. László Division of the Comrade Union of Hungarian Parachutists commemorates – related to the King St. László festivals – Hungarian soldiers who served in the Division in the last months of WWII. The Division had nothing to do with the Waffen-SS nor with the armed corps of the Hungarist Movement. It was a part of the Royal Hungarian Defence Forces, which still kept some elements of old traditions. King László, compared to other supporter or branch patron saints, was a decisive hero to Hungarian soldiers until WWII and the establishment of the Soviet type bolshevik regime in Hungary. Although after the regime change, St. László was again recognised as ‘the patron saint of riflemen’, and from time to time he is commemorated with a mass or a concert, his influence remains far behind the period before WWII. In this study we are trying to get answers, why the cult of St. László – and other branch patron saints – has not developed in the Hungarian Defence Forces since the change of the political system, although the legislative environment makes it possible. We would like to reveal those deeper historical and intellectual historical reasons that prove that not only leftist ideology, and its extreme Bolshevik form, but also the ideology of liberal democracy cannot identify with St. László’s – and other patron saints’ – figure. We are pointing out that in the current ideological milieu, there are insufficient grounds for the branch patron saints, besides ceremonial activities, to become an awareness-raising power. It is not a judgement, but a hypothesis which is formulated so that we can reflect on the phenomenon authentically. We can say that the democratic legislation has reached its maximum with allowing religious freedom in the Hungarian Defence Forces. As numerous works have been written about St. László’s life and cult, his role in tradition and arts, we touch upon this when it serves to prove the assumption.

Katonai légijármű-alkatrész örvényáramos anyagvizsgálatának lehetőségei és tapasztalatai

Napjainkig a Magyar Honvédség légierejének kötelékében számos új, a kor technikai színvonalán álló haditechnikai eszköz állt hadrendbe (JAS-39 EBS HU Gripen harcászati repülőgép, Airbus A319 szállító repülőgépek, Airbus H145M helikopter változatok). Ezek megjelenésével együtt jár a korszerű üzemeltetési és diagnosztikai rendszerek alkalmazása is, melyek egyik speciális eleme a roncsolásmentes anyagvizsgálat. Az üzemeltetésben résztvevő szakemberek felkészültségének szintje a roncsolásmentes vizsgálatok hatékony alkalmazásának egyik legfőbb tényezője. E publikáció egy, a katonai légijárművek üzemeltetése során felhasználható, nagy térbeli felbontóképességgel rendelkező, örvényáramos roncsolásmentes anyagvizsgálati módszer alkalmazási lehetőségét, sajátosságait, és az alkalmazó ezen a téren szerzett tapasztalatait mutatja be.

Puma lánctalpas gyalogsági harcjármű és lehetséges megjelenése a magyar honvédség állományában

The PUMA Infantry Fighting Vehicle is the ultimate, most modern tracked IFV among the IFV inventory of Bundeswehr and it was designed to fulfil all requirements that an IFV should provide in our century. How the German fighting vehicle development has reached this status from MARDER 2 APC to PUMA IFV? What have been the main phases, obstacles and successes of this development? What are the main technical descriptions and technical solutions of PUMA IFV? Could this be the vehicle to fulfil all the given operational and technical requirements posed by the Hungarian Defence Forces, to replace the BMP-1 IFVs of Soviet origin, withdrawn almost 15 years ago? I hope that reading this article you will agree with me in that this IFV with its current configuration is not fully capable to fulfil the previously mentioned post.

Best Practices in the Application of the Concept of Resilience: Building Hybrid Warfare and Cybersecurity Capabilities in the Hungarian Defense Forces

Best Practices in the Application of the Concept of Resilience: Building Hybrid Warfare and Cybersecurity Capabilities in the Hungarian Defense Forces

A Magyar Honvédség belső altisztképzési rendszerének elemzése (2017. szeptember – 2019. július)

A cikk a Magyar Honvédség belső altisztképzési rendszerét mutatja be 2017. szeptembertől 2019. júliusig. Félévenkénti bontásban mutatja be az MH Altiszti Akadémián folyó képzések kibocsátási adatait. Elemző módon összesíti a képzési adatokat. Végezetül az elemzés alapján javaslatokat fogalmaz meg.

The 84 mm recoilless support weapon systemin the armament arsenal of the Hungarian Defence Forces

Today’s modern infantry forces are often deployed in urban or complex combat environments as part of anti-insurgency or peacekeeping operations as well as traditional force-on-force conflict scenarios. In these situations tactical flexibility is a key element for success. As part of the Zrinyi 2026 National Defence and Armed Forces Development Programme, the Carl-Gustaf M4 shoulder-launched, recoilless multi-role anti-tank weapon system is introduced into the army in support of the antitank capabilities of the Hungarian Defence Forces.

A gépjármű-diagnosztika oktatásának változásai az NKE HHK Haditechnikai Tanszékén

A gépjárművek fejlődése jelen korunkban felgyorsult, egyre összetettebb és modernebb járműveket használunk, amely járműveket a Magyar Honvédség állományában is rendszeresítenek és rendszeresítettek. E járművek technikai kiszolgálása és javítása csak modern diagnosztikai eljárások alkalmazásával valósítható meg. Jelen katonai logisztika alapképzési szak tantervében is megtalálható a gépjármű-diagnosztika tantárgy, mint ahogyan a korábbi tantervekben is jelen volt, és fontos részét képezi az oktatásnak. A honvéd tisztjelölteknek első tiszti beosztásuk eredményes ellátásához ismerniük kell az eszközök felépítése mellett a részegységek ellenőrzését és hibabehatárolását is. A gépjármű-diagnosztika oktatása nagymértékben igényli a megfelelő oktatástechnikai ellátottságot, mind mennyiségben, mind minőségben. A cikk bemutatja az elmúlt évben végrehajtott diagnosztikalabor-fejlesztést, a fejlesztés által létrejött képességnövekedést.

The Structure and Main Elements of Disaster Management System of the Hungarian Defence Forces, with Special Regard to the Development of International Cooperation

The use of military forces in disaster relief activities is indispensable. It is a human and technical resource that can carry out special tasks quickly and professionally. One of the negative consequences of the global climate change is the increasing number and intensity of natural disasters, where the role of the military is more and more appreciated. For Hungary, as a small country and a member of the NATO, it is important to have a compact but capable military, which is able to work in a wide range of different scenarios of crisis management from peace support to disaster operations, especially in a multinational environment. This study introduces the disaster management capabilities of the Hungarian Defence Forces, focusing on the existing and planned international cooperations.

A csapategészségügyi ellátást támogató egészségügyi applikációban rejlő lehetőségek

A cikkben röviden bemutatom az infokommunikációs forradalom telefonos applikációkat érintő egyes vívmányait és néhány egészségügyi ellátást támogató alkalmazást. Ezekből meghatározom, hogy milyen funkciócsoportok használatával lehetne képes a Magyar Honvédség csapategészségügyi szolgálata az állomány ellátásán javítani, valamint annak minőségét fokozni. Megvizsgálom ezenkívül a bevezetésre javasolt egészségügyi applikáció egyes kiberbiztonsági rizikófaktorait és ennek kiküszöbölésére megoldásokat javaslok.

A MIMO-technológia polgári és katonai alkalmazási lehetőségei

A MIMO-t, azaz a több bemenettel és több kimenettel rendelkező rádiókommunikációs technológiát manapság egyre több területen alkalmazzák. Az újabb generációs mobilhálózatok – különös tekintettel a 4G LTE-re és az 5G-re –, valamint még sok más RF-technológia (például WiMAX, Wi-fi) élvezi a MIMO által szolgáltatott megnövekedett csatornakapacitás és a megbízhatóság előnyeit. Természetesen ezeket nemcsak a polgári életben lehet kihasználni, hanem a katonai felhasználások területén, például radar-, harcászati rádió- vagy pilóta nélküli légijármű-rendszerek (UAS) esetén is. A jelenleg is folyamatban lévő honvédelmi és haderőfejlesztési program jelentős anyagi forrásokat biztosít a Magyar Honvédség számára a technikai eszközrendszer modernizációjára, ugyanakkor a kommunikációs megoldások fejlesztéséről mostanáig nem sokat lehetett megtudni. Véleményem szerint a program célkitűzéseivel összhangban olyan irányú fejlesztések is indokoltak lehetnek, amelyek a MIMO-technológia minél szélesebb körű jövőbeni katonai alkalmazására irányulnak.

SWOT Analysis of the Air Transport Fleet in the Hungarian Defence Forces

Nowadays it is almost unthinkable, that the forces of the army can not deliver the resuply to the troops by air, especially for large distances. This can not be solved by sea or inland transportation, or if it does, it will take unnecessary time or less security. Although the Hungarian Defense Forces have their own transportation fleet, the fleet reserved for this purpose is currently very modest, and there are several reasons why it should be expanded. Developing an own airline fleet is currently a very topical issue. Previously operated Antonov 26 aircraft have little ability to perform the tasks, or in many cases cannot. The two Airbus A319 aircraft purchased in February and Falcon type aircraft purchased in August, although improves the situation, they still do not fill the gap, there are a number of deficiencies in this area. For this I did a SWOT analysis, and with its help we can define the opportunities and threats of development of domestic military air transport.

Implementation of a behavioral medicine program in the Hungarian Defence Forces

In the first part of my article I was presenting the main knowledge of psychosocial risks and work-related stress especially in the military organisation, some of the main theories of work-related stress, and the general overview of psychosocial risk management interventions. Now, in the second part of the article, I present the main steps of the implementation process of a behavioural medicine program – Williams Lifeskills Training (WLS®) - in the HDF and the results of its effectiveness assessment. My study’s main result is that an individually focused intervention was effective in decreasing work-related stress (ERI) and in increasing resilience (MAQ) and well-being (WBI-5), and these positive changes were maintained at 3 months follow-up as well.

Border Surveillance Measures to Tackle and End the Migration Crisis in Hungary

The protection of Hungary’s external Schengen border is a priority which affects both the security of our country and the whole Schengen Area. Border surveillance is considered safe if it can prevent unlawful acts and proceed against offenders. The implementation of the tasks requires special staff and technical readiness. In the framework of the border protection of our country, it is the Police’s basic task, but in case a state of crisis resulting from mass migration is declared, the Hungarian Defence Forces take part in it. Border surveillance is a constant activity which aims to prevent illegal state border crossings; due to this, its efficiency cannot be measured exclusively based on numerical data. Border surveillance is also effective if it ensures the apprehension of people illegally crossing state borders and if it prevents them from accomplishing that; thus, the ‘physical’ presence itself contributes to the task execution in a manner meeting the requirements. Continuity plays a decisive role from the point of view of border surveillance. Border surveillance shall be considered a component. Thus, the border surveillance system consists of successive system elements which do not go without each other. The border surveillance system is built on border policing strategies, it can be operated based on leadership decisions which shall be in accordance with the border surveillance principles as well. Similarly to the border surveillance system elements, border surveillance principles are those rules which have constant influence/effect on border surveillance/in the field of border surveillance, the practical implementation of which ensures state border surveillance which meets the requirements/is reliable; moreover, it enables the targeted application of the forces and tools available. The operability of the system can only be granted if the principles apply jointly.

Význam programu rozvoje maďarských ozbrojených sil Zrínyi 2026

The present article expresses the importance of the Zrínyi 2026 Hungarian government medium-term modernization program and its impact on military security in the region. Migration crisis, hybrid warfare treatments and withdrawal from the INF (Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces) treaty were the main reasons for the enactment of the Zrínyi 2026 program. Comparing the Polish and Hungarian Defence Forces, the article analyses the significance of military security in Central Europe. The analysis explores organizational and legal changes and the purchase of armaments. The Hungarian program's objectives are to change not only the equipment but also the structure and organization. The Commander of the Hungarian Defence Forces was separated from the Ministry of Defence. The Hungarian program has declared the increase in the number of reserve forces to twenty thousand and the active duty personnel to roughly thirty-eight thousand. Due to the modernization the military forces will be equipped with new components.

Association of Remote Monitoring With Survival in Heart Failure Patients Undergoing Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: Retrospective Observational Study.

BackgroundRemote monitoring is an established, guideline-recommended technology with unequivocal clinical benefits; however, its ability to improve survival is contradictory.ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to investigate the effects of remote monitoring on mortality in an optimally treated heart failure patient population undergoing cardiac resynchronization defibrillator therapy (CRT-D) implantation in a large-volume tertiary referral center.MethodsThe population of this single-center, retrospective, observational study included 231 consecutive patients receiving CRT-D devices in the Medical Centre of the Hungarian Defence Forces (Budapest, Hungary) from January 2011 to June 2016. Clinical outcomes were compared between patients on remote monitoring and conventional follow-up.ResultsThe mean follow-up time was 28.4 (SD 18.1) months. Patients on remote monitoring were more likely to have atrial fibrillation, received heart failure management at our dedicated heart failure outpatient clinic more often, and have a slightly lower functional capacity. Crude all-cause mortality of remote-monitored patients was significantly lower compared with patients followed conventionally (hazard ratio [HR] 0.368, 95% CI 0.186-0.727, P=.004). The survival benefit remained statistically significant after adjustment for important baseline parameters (adjusted HR 0.361, 95% CI 0.181-0.722, P=.004).ConclusionsIn this single-center, retrospective study of optimally treated heart failure patients undergoing CRT-D implantation, the use of remote monitoring systems was associated with a significantly better survival rate.

The Buildings Providing the Staff’s Protection Systematized Early in the Hungarian Army

Abstract Over the past half a century, there has been tremendous progress in both destruction devices and materials and devices that provide protection against them. Of course, as a consequence, the wars and methods have changed a lot. In this article, I analyze and systematize the structures used to protect the personnel previously employed in the Hungarian Defense Forces in order to draw conclusions on their further applicability and possibilities for modernization.

The introduction of health behavior profiles in the Hungarian Defense Forces: a cluster analysis of lifestyle factors according to the health screening tests performed in 2011–2015

The main aim of this study was to examine the health behavior patterns of soldiers in the Hungarian Defense Forces and to introduce health behavior profiles according to the cluster analysis of lifestyle factors. The soldiers (N = 5475) who underwent health tests in 2011–2015 participated in this cross-sectional study. The factors included in the analysis are the following: age, sex, diseases diagnosed, the body mass index, eating habits, the smoking status, daily physical activity, sporting habits, the presence of psychosomatic symptoms, mental toughness and sleep apnea. The response options for each factor were scored on a linear scale; the minimum number of points available was –47.5 pts and the maximum number was 48.5 pts according to the 24 factors. Finally, the authors created health profiles typical of the pattern with the cluster analysis of the data. As a result of the cluster analysis, 16 distinct profiles were found, 10 of which differed significantly (p < 0.05) from each other. The lowest point value achieved was 3.1 pts and the highest was 26.2 pts. The lowest number of points was achieved by the cluster, 1.8% of the sample, with the highest average age (43.5±7.2 years) in which women showed the highest participation (46%). The 2 clusters with the highest numbers of points, 2.9% and 5.5% of the sample, were the 2 groups with the lowest average age (33.7±7.1 years and 34.3±7.9 years). The significance of the health profiles obtained during this examination with the Hungarian Defense Forces is that the health promotion intervention opportunities may be determined by clusters, the health behavior factor with which the authors can reach higher health benefits can be chosen and the effectiveness of the interventions carried out can be traced easily. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(1):99–114