Hungarian Breed Research Articles

Der Einfluss der Fütterung auf die Mast- und Schlachtleistung bei Jungbullen der Rassen Ungarisches Grauvieh und Holstein Friesian

Abstract. Title of the paper: Influence of feeding on fattening performance and carcass quality of young Hungarian Grey and Holstein Friesian bulls The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of nutrition, genotype and nutrition x genotype interaction on growth performance and carcass quality using Hungarian Grey cattle bulls (HG) in comparison to Holstein Friesian bulls (HF) kept under extensive and intensive conditions. In groups extensive and intensive days on feed lasted for 221 and 201, respectively. Higher relative growth rate was recorded in Hungarian Grey than Holstein Friesian in extensively fed group and higher final weights were recorded in intensive groups compared to extensive groups. Differences between genotypes were not different. Carcass weight and length, amount of perinephric and trimmed fat were higher in intensive groups as well. Higher lean meat content in carcass was measured in Hungarian Grey breed. For treatments extensive and intensive means were 71,0 % and 67,5%, respectively. The ratio of bone in carcass varied in line with the four feet percentage and weight. Similarly to the ratio of perinephric and trimmed fat, the amount of fat in carcass was lower in extensively fed groups, which proves the varied effect of different feeding. The tissue composition of carcass can be analysed by Computer-Tomography (CT) - examination of prime rib samples. These results are more representative as the EUROP-classification of evaluation for carcass quality. Findings reveal that considerations on the utilization of the native HG breed on development of novel beef cattle production systems especially on roughage-based diets seems to be justified.

Allele distributions of two novel SNPs within the sheep Cyp19 gene

SummaryOestrogen is an important regulator of reproduction and growth. The key enzyme of oestrogen biosynthesis, aromatase cytochrome P450, is encoded by the Cyp19 gene. In order to generate genetic markers for the sheep Cyp19 gene, two novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), one located in promoter 2 (P2), the other one in intron 9 (I9), were identified by a comparative sequencing approach. The allele distributions of both SNPs were investigated by means of Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR‐RFLP) in five economically relevant sheep breeds (British Milk Sheep, Carranzana, Latxa Black Face, Latxa White Face, Merino) and three ancient Hungarian breeds kept as gene reserves (Cikta, Racka, Tsigai). In British Milk Sheep, only the intronic SNP was present whereas in Merino, Cikta, Racka, Tsigai, Carranzana, Latxa Black Face and Latxa White Face, both SNPs could be found. This indicates that the newly identified SNPs can be used as markers for the Cyp19 locus in various sheep breeds.

Simultaneous identification of two MspI polymorphisms of the porcine myogenin gene in Hungarian breeds

SummarySimultaneous analysis of two myogenin (MYOG) loci has been carried out using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) tests in DNA isolated from blood samples collected from four different pig breeds (Hungarian Large White, Duroc, Mangalica and Hungarian Landrace). The following MYOGA frequency values have been obtained: Hungarian Large White 0.2416; Duroc 0.0900; Mangalica 0.6617; Hungarian Landrace 0.2361. The MYOG2 allele was found in Duroc and Mangalica breeds only. This test allows the analysis of two loci of the MYOG gene in parallel, which might be used in marker assisted selection programmes in the near future. Ongoing studies on the possible effects of the MYOG types on carcass and growth traits are outlined.

Lactation and Sample Test-Day Multi-trait animal model for genetic evaluation of somatic cell scores in Hungarian Holstein-Friesian crossbreeds

Abstract. Genetic and phenotypic correlations were estimated for means of log2 SCC (somatic cell scores: SCS) with milk production traits using complete lactation and sample test-day data sets. Data of SCS and milk production traits for six genetic groups of Holstein-Friesian (HF), Hungarian Native Breed (NHB) and four of their crossbreeds were used. Multi trait animal model was used for the estimation of all genetic and phenotypic (co)-variances All estimates of correlations either genetic (Rg) or phenotypic (Rp) between SCS and milk production traits were mostly negative except with protein percentage. Lactation (L) estimates of Rg between SCSL and total milk yield (MY), fat (FL), protein (PL) and lactose (LcL) percentages were -.11 ±10, -.12 ± .04, .09 ± .03, and -.18 ± .09, respectively and the corresponding sample test-day estimates (STD) were -. 13 ± .07, -. 13 ± .08, -.11 ± 04, -.11 ± 08 respectively. L and STD Rp estimates of SCS with MY and protein were higher than the corresponding R. L-Rg of SCS with MY and protein and L-Rp with fat and lactose were increased with parity. Rg either L or STD with fat decreased with the parity. The highest estimates of L-Rg of SCS with MY were negative for HF in the 2nd and the 3rd parity and were ranged from −0.13 to −0.17. Rg of SCSSTD with daily milk yield (DY) across parity in different genetic groups were higher than the corresponding with MY. All correlations of SCS with protein were positive. L-Rg ranged from .17 to .22 for HF vs. .01 to .04 for NHB. While L-Rp ranged from 06 to 15 for HF vs. .04 to .11 for NHB. It could be concluded that, trend of the relationship for SCS with milk production may had some change in crossbred than purebred aecording to percentage of crossing.

Sample test-day heritability estimates for somatic cell score for Hungarian Holstein- Friesian crossbreds

There have been many studies of genetic variance in somatic cell score (SCS). Reported estimates of heritability (h2) range from 0.02 to 0.16, the lowest h2 obtained in the 1st parity and increased in the later lactations (Mrode and Swanson 1996). The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of introducing Holstein-Friesian genes in the Hungarian native breed on the inheritance of sample test-days SCS.

Variations among six genetic groups in relationship between sample test-day daily milk and somatic cell scores of Hungarian Holstein-Friesian

The genetic and phenotypic relationship between somatic cell score (SCS) and milk production has been reported as both negative, positive, whereas phenotypic correlations have been mainly negative (Mrode and Swanson 1996). The aim of the present study is to investigate the variation in associations of test-day SCS with daily milk yield (DY) in six genetic groups of Holstein- Friesian (HF) and Native Hungarian Breed (NHB).

Estimates of relatedness and inbreeding in goose strains from DNA fingerprints

The purpose of this study was to determine if DNA fingerprints (DFPs) could be used to estimate relatedness and inbreeding of strains of geese and to compare three methods of calculating relatedness indices. Strains included a control and selected strain from each of the Chinese and Synthetic (Chinese, Hungarian and Pilgrim) breeds. DFP patterns for each strain were based on individual DNA samples from six females, or on pooled DNA from 15 females different from those used for individual samples. Three relatedness indices were used, namely, genetic distance, modified Rogers distance and band sharing. All relatedness indices showed a closer relationship of strains within than between breeds. Correlation coefficients among relatedness indices were higher based on pooled DNA (r > or = magnitude of 0.97) than those based on individual DNA (r > or = magnitude of 0.741). Inbreeding estimates were higher for selected compared with control strains. It appears that the use of DFPs to estimate relatedness, regardless of index used, and inbreeding can be valuable for studying geese where there is a limited breeding history.

AUTOCHTHONOUS SHEEP BREEDS IN HUNGARY

SUMMARYThe authors give information on the phenotypic characteristics and production, the history and present state of three autochthonous Hungarian sheep breeds : the Racka, the Tsigai and the Cikta.

Comparative examination of susceptibility of two genotypes of carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) to infection with Aeromonas salmonicida

Progeny of a Hungarian breed as well as its F1 cross with the Japanese coloured carp were grown in ponds for 3 months. After artificial infection with Aeromonas salmonicida, susceptibility of the fish to carp erythrodermatitis was evaluated. Growth and condition factor of the hybrid carp were significantly higher than those of the homozygous group. Following the infection with Aeromonas salmonicida, morbidity of the hybrid was half that of the homozygous fish. The relative mass of spleen, kidney and head kidney of the fish having no clinical sign of infection was significantly higher than in the specimens with inflammatory or ulcerous local reactions. Non-susceptibility is presumably correlated with relatively extensive leucocyte propagation in the lymphoid tissues.

Biochemical polymorphisms in goats with special reference to the Hungarian Native breed.

Biochemical polymorphisms (haemoglobin, serum transferrin, serum albumin, serum amylase, red cell phosphohexose isomerase, red cell carbonic anhydrase, ceruloplasmin and aryl esterase) of 224 Hungarian Native female goats and 21 imported male goats (German Improved, Saanen, Nubian, Slovakian White) have been studied. On the basis of the observed gene frequency values these polymorphic traits cannot be used efficiently in parentage control work or in correlation studies. There was no apparent association between the haemoglobin and transferrin type of the females and their reproductive performance.