Humanitarian Problems Research Articles

Unified legal framework for restricting the turnover of landmine weapons

The dominance of the collective West caused by the liquidation of the USSR led to a sharp aggravation of the international situation, the emergence of new fierce local military conflicts with the massive use of landmine weapons. This entails the death and injury of both military personnel and civilians. The existing international treaties are practically not respected. The search for effective solutions in this area meets the basic needs of all peoples of the world, in contrast to the artificial problems of global projects of the collective West, implemented under the auspices of the WTO, IMF, IEF, WHO, and the World Bank. The obvious crisis of international humanitarian law reflects the state of international relations and makes the search for effective solutions to real humanitarian problems extremely relevant. The effectiveness of legal regulation is one of the main directions for solving the mine problem. Comparative analysis has shown that the very fact of the existence of two main treaties on landmine weapons, with different subject matter and composition of the participating States, objectively creates problems in the application and execution of these treaties. And the conducted generalization of reservations and statements made by individual parties to the treaties indicates that the latter may be aimed at non-fulfillment of these treaties. Within the framework of the two existing international mine action treaties, the obligation of their execution by the authors of the relevant novels is almost completely excluded. This conclusion is confirmed by the content of the relevant reservations, statements, and interpretations given in the work, which belong to the authorship of the States of the collective West. At the same time, it was the analysis of the relevant reservations and declarations that made it possible to formulate the main condition for international legal regulation in this area. As a solution to these problems, it is proposed to unify the regulation of the turnover of landmine weapons - the establishment of a unified concept of a mine action treaty based on the status of a party to an armed conflict. Another positive consequence of the existence of a single international treaty based on the prohibition of the use of landmine weapons on the territory of other States is the unification of the basic definitions of landmine weapons.

DESIGN VIOLANCE REPORTING SYSTEM HOUSEHOLD IN MATARAM CITY

Currently, cases of domestic violence are social and humanitarian problems that need attention. In 2020, the most dominant forms of domestic violence are psychological violence as much as 40%, sexual violence 26%, physical violence 22%, and economic 12%. The number of domestic violence cases in Indonesia also increased in 2019 from 1,419 cases to 2,389 cases in 2020. The increasing number of cases of domestic violence should be a serious concern for all parties. The Regional Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children (UPTD PPA) is a regional technical implementing unit formed by the regional government that can provide services for women and children who experience domestic violence, services, special protection, consultation, and others. The process of reporting domestic violence in Mataram City is still done conventionally, where people still need to visit the office to report incidents of domestic violence. Then the UPTD PPA will conduct a team discussion for the next action. From the current reporting process flow, the Mataram City UPTD PPA also still takes a long time to follow up on the domestic violence report. So there is still a lack of facilities and media that can assist the community in reporting domestic violence and assist the UPTD PPA in following up on reporting domestic violence. With the development of existing technology and the increasing number of people using android gadgets, from the problems above, researchers will design and build a Domestic Violence Reporting System in the City of Mataram to make it easier to report domestic violence directly without having to go to the authorities to handle the problem. The method that will be used for the development of this system is the Extreme Programming (XP) method.

Current Treatment of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has grown to be an important humanitarian problem influencing people worldwide. After a long period of research and practice, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and immunotherapy have gradually become the two main methods of treating HIV. However, there are still many questions to be explored regarding the comparison of these two treatments and the future direction of their development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare ART therapy and immunotherapy in HIV treatment and to explore their differences in terms of viral suppression, immune recovery, and patient quality of life. The potential and challenges of these two treatments in the future are envisioned.A thorough literature review and analysis were used to thoroughly assess research advancements in immunotherapy and antiretroviral therapy. ART entails long-term medication compliance and runs the risk of developing drug resistance. Immunotherapy has a lot of potential for inducing the immune system to manufacture particular antibodies and cellular immunological responses, but research is still being done to determine its usefulness and safety. The effectiveness of antiretroviral medication in preventing HIV infection and preserving patients’ health has been astounding, but issues with long-term drug use and drug resistance need to be addressed. While immunotherapy, a young science, presents prospects to create novel treatments, more study is required to guarantee their efficacy.Future HIV treatment may take advantage of both ideologies’ strengths to create a more effective combination therapy strategy with the ultimate objective to enhance HIV control and elimination.

Гуманитарная деятельность международных неправительственных организаций по вопросу о сирийских беженцах и внутренне перемещенных лицах

The paper aims to study humanitarian activities of international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) operating in Syria in terms of humanitarian assistance to Syrian refugees, as well as internally displaced people (IDPs). Thus, firstly, the research reveals the phenomenon of the humanitarian crisis in Syria, which led various INGOs to participate in solving humanitarian problems. Secondly, the paper assesses humanitarian activities performed by several INGOs in Syria that are members of the Syrian International Regional Forum (SIRF). An integrated approach was used that included a qualitative and quantitative analysis of information officially provided by INGOs concerning their humanitarian activities. The analysis determined humanitarian relief on resolving refugees and IDPs crisis as being primarily related to ensuring food security and water supply, providing medical and psychological assistance, reconstructing civilian infrastructure. Moreover, the paper comes to the conclusion that activities of NGOs are represented by different programs and they have different intensity, therefore, the study identifies several NGOs with the most extensive activities in Syria. The author proves that in most cases these organizations tend to avoid politicization of their work. This article provides a summary of those practical steps taken by an NGO to resolve the issue of Syrian refugees and IDPs. This issue has been largely ignored in Russian literature and therefore may become a subject of close attention both from certain groups of Russian scientists and a number of public organizations.

Інтеграція БпЛА зі нейронною мережею у завданнях із виявлення наземних мін та мінних полів

One of the newest stages in the improvement of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is the integration of such systems with the neural networks, which, in turn, is not a novelty, but provides such systems with a further level of practical application. Having conducted a meta-analysis of the results of previous studies and available information on this topic, it was found that in the modern period, in addition to successful practical implementations of the integration of artificial intelligence with UAVs, there is already a certain classification of such processes according to the principles of optimal improvement of UAV capabilities and by areas of society. In addition to the publicly available and well-known information about the successful use of drones in the military and logistics sectors of human activity, UAVs successfully perform tasks in such sectors as agriculture, engineering, search, etc. The main purpose of the article is to analyze, review, study and systematize existing information on the positive effectiveness and feasibility of using the principles, approaches and integration of unmanned aerial vehicles with machine learning technologies to improve the efficiency of solving the problems of locating and detecting landmines and minefields, which is a major humanitarian problem for civil society located in the territory where military conflicts are currently taking place or in the territories where military clashes or conflicts have occurred in the past. In this article, a small study was conducted to develop a prototype neural network that can be further integrated with UAVs for landmine and minefield detection tasks. The described neural network was trained on an open dataset, trained using the algorithms chosen in the study, and has a fairly good final result in terms of detection accuracy, which is 1.5% higher than the accuracy of publicly available neural networks in a review of similar developments or studies.

The current state of macroeconomic indicators of the development of the national economy during the russian-Ukrainian war

The article is devoted to the study of macroeconomic indicators characterizing the trends of the economic development of the state during the period of the full-scale invasion of russia on the territory of Ukraine. The dynamics of quarterly changes in the GDP of Ukraine in the period 2020–2022 were analyzed. The index of industrial production indicators in the period 2021–2022 was evaluated. The changes that occurred in the structure of the Ukrainian economy under the influence of the Russian-Ukrainian war were determined. The level of inflationary fluctuations, which were mainly caused by disruptions in the logistics and energy sectors, as well as the rise in world commodity prices, was assessed. The article investigates the main humanitarian problems of the population of Ukraine during the war in terms of macro-regions. Attention is focused on the problem of financing the state budget and repaying Ukraine's debt to external creditors. The structure and dynamics of the involved financing of the state budget in 2022 were studied. The amount of funds from the placement of military bonds included in the State Budget of Ukraine and the main directions of their use have been determined. The structure of external loans and grants, international aid received by Ukraine in 2022 was analyzed. The main changes in the labor market under the influence of the war are characterized.

GERONTOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND PALLIATIVE CARE IN FAMILY MEDICINE

This article presents a literature analysis on the gerontological aspects of comorbidity and the provision of palliative care in the practice of a family doctor. According to the UN, in 2020, the age of almost every tenth inhabitant of the Earth exceeded 65 years. In 2050, their share will increase from 9.3% to 15.9%. The share of people aged 60 and over will make up to one third of the global population. Analysis of referrals to outpatient polyclinic institutions shows that, in general, for all classes of diseases and individual diseases, the highest percentage of referrals to a doctor is observed in groups of 70 years and older. In old age, both physiological and pathological aging are accompanied by structural and functional changes of all organs and systems, hemodynamic disturbances, deterioration of blood supply to tissues, increased risk of hypoxia with early activation of anaerobic mechanisms. Among those who seek medical help from a family doctor in Ukraine, the share of elderly patients with combined pathology is more than 80%. Elderly people with comorbid conditions experience pain more frequently than those in other age groups. One of the primary medical, social and humanitarian problems of many countries throughout the world is the creation and development of an accessible and effective system of providing palliative care to the population. These problems arose due to an increase in the number of incurable patients with a limited life expectancy. Based on the analysis of the experience of different countries, it is convincingly clear that palliative and hospice care best provides the needs and proper quality of life of palliative patients and their relatives, contributes to the preservation of human dignity at the end of biological life. The goal of palliative care is to alleviate the suffering of patients and their families by comprehensively assessing and treating the physical, psychosocial, and spiritual symptoms experienced by patients. Palliative care focuses on predicting, preventing, diagnosing, and treating the symptoms experienced by patients with serious or life-threatening illness, and on helping patients and their families make important medical decisions. A family doctor is recognized as a specialist in the medical field who can most fully influence the health of the population. Family doctors provide palliative care, they consult, educate relatives and friends of the patient about the patient's needs, provide psychological and moral support to both the patient and his family.

Membongkar Rasionalitas: Pemikiran Amartya Sen tentang Kekuasaan Ekonomi

Discussing about rationality is often releated to human actions, because humans are considered as rationalist creatures who act to realize and decide things with their thinking abilities. The question is whether the society is becoming less critical in seeing the political games played by the power elite, or the authorities are using power to create fear by spreading some rationalizing concepts in such a way that they are accepted as truth. By tracing Amartya Sen’s thoughts, the author of this article tries to show the initial position (arche) of economics as a moral science, which seems to have been poisoned by desires for self-interest only. This article tries to reveal the fallacy of rationality behind the policies that have been used to implement power, which in this case have been promulgated by the government regarding economics in order to overcome various social and humanitarian problems such as poverty, hunger, and injustice in the society.

Role of UN Women in Addressing Women's Rights in Afghanistan under Taliban

The current condition of Afghanistan under the Taliban government creates considerable humanitarian problems, especially concerning the rights of women and girls. The Taliban threatens Afghan women by implementing several detrimental policies prohibiting them from going to school, working, and leaving the house. The Taliban restricted the movement of women workers and created an insecure space. This research aims to explain the role of UN Women in responding to humanitarian issues in Afghanistan, especially those related to women. This study used a descriptive method with literature sources such as books, journals, notes, and related reports. The findings indicated that UN Women is committed to assisting Afghan women in restoring their rights under Taliban rule. UN Women, as an International Organization, plays a role as an arena for Afghan women by facilitating women to speak, one of which is in a series of events at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Women, Peace, and Security, which was held at the UN Headquarters in New York. UN Women also works as a donor by providing financial assistance, which will be allocated to the needs of Afghan women. In addition, UN Women acts as an advocate through various activities.

Developing Human Resource Management IN Increasing Sustainable Competitive Advantage IN SMAN 4 Bekasi Student

Human Resources (HR) is a key component and determinant of success and failure in an organization or institution. Educational institutions are in dire need of talented people to help them succeed and achieve their goals. HR is the driving force behind the system and all facilities, assets, curriculum, facilities, infrastructure, and all other resources. All educational resources cannot function optimally if they are not supported by the availability of human resources, and should carry out strategic, integrated, cohesive, and comprehensive workforce planning for education personnel. This study uses the library research method, namely by collecting relevant data from books, journals, magazines, and so on. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive analysis method, namely a method that seeks to systematically present the material to obtain the results as a conclusion. Qualitative research is the process of exploring and understanding the behavior of individuals or groups. Describing social problems or humanitarian problems. This study uses the observation method by directly observing the activities carried out by students of SMA Negeri 4 Bekasi City. Education Personnel Planning provides direction for all institutions in terms of human resources needed, and human resource activities to be managed and developed, and can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of institutions, educators and education personnel can integrate with short-term planning goals and long-term educational institutions.

Development of lottery business and economic justification of its monopolisation by the state

The research relevance is determined by the fact that, despite the emergence of more modern gambling, millions of people around the world participate in lotteries every year, and this number is steadily growing. The study aims to assess the prospects for the development of the lottery business in the context of the state monopoly on this industry, as well as to consider possible risks for the economy. The structural-functional method was used as a basis for studying the place of the lottery business in the economic system on the example of different countries; the historical method addressed the peculiarities of the origin of lotteries in the world. The study conducted a comprehensive study of the stages of formation of modern models of lottery activity in the leading countries of the world, such as the USA, Great Britain and China. The reasons for the emergence of lotteries, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the role of government agencies in regulating this activity were investigated. In particular, the study analysed the models of a complete ban, a free market and a state monopoly, as well as the impact of lotteries on the economy and society. The study showed that the high level of profitability of the lottery business allows organisers to make stable contributions to the state budget and charitable organisations, solving social and humanitarian problems. The results of the study determined the optimal model of the lottery business, formulated the prospects for the development of this type of activity at the present stage, and assessed the role of the state authorities in this process. The study materials can be used by public authorities engaged in reforming the legislative framework in the field of gambling

LIMITING THE NUMBER OF POLYGAMIES TO REALIZE ECONOMIC JUSTICE: A HERMENEUTIC ANALYSIS OF MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR

Looking at the times, humanitarian problems have developed so complex, ranging from genetics, space exploration, education, interfaith relations, gender issues, human rights, and so on. The rapid development of the times makes Islamic sciences inevitably have to follow the flow of the times, and without exception the science of interpretation. The science of interpretation is required to always develop in the face of the complexity of humanitarian problems. It was here that the idea of the use of hermeneutics became a necessity for today's interpreters. Hermeneutics as a methodology in the interpretation of the Quran is considered quite important and urgent to do because hermeneutics does not only speak at the level of the text alone but also considers the context and role of subjectivity of an interpreter, so that by using the method of hermeneutics, interpretation or study of the Quran is expected to be able to become an actual contextual and answer the challenges of the times. The problem in this study is how Muhammad Syahrul's hermeneutic method in interpreting Quranic verses about Polygamy. The purpose of the study was to know and analyse Muhammad Shahrur's hermeneutics in interpreting Qur'anic verses about polygamy. The research method used in writing this paper is a qualitative research method through library research or literature review method using descriptive analysis writing method. The results showed that using his Limit Theory (Nadzariyah al-Hudud), Syahrur tried to reconstruct the understanding of polygamy by using quantity and quality standards together. In terms of quantity, the minimum standard limit for a person to marry is once (one wife), and the maximum limit is four wives. Islam allows a person to marry 4 (four) people together (polygamy), but in quality it is necessary to distinguish between the status of the first wife and the status of the second, third and fourth wives. For first wives (first marriages) one can marry a woman who is a virgin or widow whether or not she has children, but in a second, third, and/or fourth marriage (polygamy), the wife must be widowed and have orphans. So one cannot marry all one's wives in virgin condition, but on the contrary it is quite possible one marries wives who are all widows. This is in accordance with the main purpose of polygamy, which is to provide protection and protection and ensure the welfare and happiness of orphans living in intact families so as not to become homeless and avoid juvenile delinquency.

Does Financial Inclusion Improve Income Equality? The Case of Türkiye

Abstract Income inequality has become an important economic and humanitarian problem for both advanced and emerging economies, especially with the increase in financialization trends. The equitable distribution of income has garnered attention in both developed and developing nations, given the rise in global trade and production. However, limited research has explored the impact of financial inclusion on income inequality. To address this gap, this study investigated the effect of financial inclusion on income inequality in Türkiye, contributing to the very limited literature. In this study, the financial inclusion variable is measured using a six-dimensional index encompassing financial institutions and financial markets with depth, access, and availability sub-dimensions. During the time frame spanning from 1980 to 2021, estimations of parameters are conducted employing cointegration regression techniques, including FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR. The analysis revealed that inflation, per capita income, urbanization, and financial inclusion have a negative impact on income equality, whereas education has a positive impact. A 1% rise in financial inclusion is associated with a proportional rise in income inequality of approximately 0.012%. Contrary to the findings of previous empirical studies in general, the increase in financial inclusion in Türkiye has a distorting effect on income equality. The findings of this study offer important implications for Türkiye. While the relationship between the financial inclusion indicator and income inequality is not negative, increasing the income of low-income groups across all financial sectors is likely to improve income equality.

Ensuring Sustainable Development in Light of Pandemic “New Normal” Influence

The study aims to estimate the possibilities of sustainable development, ensuring and achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in light of challenges caused by the pandemic’s “new normal”. In this regard, the study employs bibliometric and empirical approaches. Based on the bibliometric analysis results, it is found that the main focus of sustainable development studies during the pandemic is on economic issues (particularly, innovations and strategic decision-making) while also addressing humanitarian problems such as ensuring health and well-being. To find the practical problems in ensuring sustainable development during the pandemic period, we used the case of Ukraine with appropriate empirical analysis at two levels. Therefore, we estimated the achievements of SDGs compared to planned indicators for 2020 (as the last report data available for this study). As a result, the low level of achievements is proven; particularly, only 20% of planned indicators are fulfilled with planned values. Moreover, the sociological research is conducted to reveal the subjective perceptions of the pandemic’s influence on the possibilities of achieving SDGs. The survey was conducted during the second pandemic wave in December 2020–January 2021, involving 416 respondents. The obtained results confirmed the ambiguous influence of the pandemic. On the one hand, the positive changes are typical for healthcare services and distance learning. However, the negative influence of the pandemic’s “new normal” on SDGs is confirmed by respondents through their concerns about the effects of the pandemic on the development of investments and agricultural technologies as well as the progress in goals, such as “Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure” and “Sustainable Cities and Communities”.

The Role of Civil Society for Prevention and Combat of Violent Extremism and Radicalization Leading to Terrorism-war

Background: The civil society of different groups of actors, communities, and social formations, registered or unofficial, achieves responsibility and commitment in public life for the protection and promotion of values and common objectives for the good of society. Youth, women, and community representatives are the main actors in civil society that work to prevent and combat deviant phenomena in times of peace and especially during war, due to their influence and ability to promote social changes. Other interest groups, such as the media, law enforcement authorities, universities, researchers, and representatives of the academic world, as well as those involved in the private sector, can make important contributions to prevent wars and post-war events in crisis countries. The civil societies’ capacities in war and post-war countries can be strengthened by exchanging good practices for the programs of international institutions. Countries that have endured this situation, such as Kosova, Bosnja, Hercegovina, and Croatia, identify and support lesser known, reliable groups, creating networks and regional platforms for collaboration, and bringing professionals into contact with researchers and academics to gain results based on practical data and their implementation as soon as possible towards the countries in crisis. Methods: For this work, a combined methodology was used from the studies of self-accusation and victimisation to the fear of criminality: the method of legal analysis which is used to analyse the legal basis and current legislation that regulates strategies for the prevention of crimes, terrorism, and radicalism. The method of systemic analysis is used to study and analyse the position of legislation in the field and its position in the current legal system. The historical analysis method is used to explain the rates from the past and to compare the new rates with the historical ones. Finally, the researcher analysis method is used to explain the purpose and objectives of the study from the actual perspective of the survey and interview. Results and Conclusions: The paper is only the beginning of the research and analysis into the role of civil society in preventing and fighting extremism and terrorism that leads to harsh wars. The case studies and analysis will primarily encompass countries that have suffered from the following: the wars during 1990 to 1999 in the former Yugoslavia, the war in Syria, the unrest in Libya, and the current war in Ukraine. These will be part of the publication in the future. The main topics will cover the state of a country before, during, and after a war, the level and extreme inertia that led to terror and war, the consequences after conflicts, material and human trafficking, corruption and organised crime, humanitarian problems and refugees, and, finally, the role of civil society in this field, especially in light of human rights and freedom. Understanding the role of civil society in preventing, combating, and protecting human values is the first step in efforts towards national and comprehensive strategies to address the fear of horrific attacks from extremism and terrorism at war. This paper aims to provide good practices in the post-crisis country for crisis experiences, advance ideas and adequate methods of success, as well as give various suggestions and descriptions of their connection, describing the civil society that should follow, including educational programs, both preventive and rehabilitative with a positive impact on the community. It is important that civil society is given criteria, political issues, financial resources, and guidelines to succeed in its reasoning, and that its role appears as a reason to promote the adequate company in society. Prevention, combat, rehabilitation, and resocialisation programs in conflict and post-conflict countries, as a result of wars, are long-term and complex. Their success depends largely on the promotion of good practices and the sharing of lessons learned and resources in different contexts, both nationally and internationally. Through this work, we aim to contribute to this discourse by highlighting international organisations, such as the OSCE, UN, IOM, and the EU, and the role that civil society can and will play in making communities safer and more resilient to the challenges in the future, after wars end, as a result of extremism caused by wars in the 21st century.

Implementation Of The Islamization Curriculum In Islamic Religious Higher Education (PTKI) Development In Indonesia As An Effort To Integrate Science In The Perspective Of Maqasid Al-Shari'ah

In the present period, Islamic education has significant difficulties. The challenge born in this era is to withstand the exposure of western secularism. PTKI as the axis of higher-level religious education must be able to apply the model of Islamization of education at the university level. In order to apply the Islamization curriculum in higher education, Abdul Hamid Abdul Sulayman a person who is much influenced by Syed Qutub's ideas, is attempting to establish islamization curriculum at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). With this implementation, AHAS as a policy actor hope to produce Muslim scholars who have a universal perspective of Maqasid Al-Shariah. Meanwhile in Indonesia itself the biggest potential of Muslim world needs to elaborate more regarding to the impelementation of islamization curriculum in PTKI. Using library study this research had been conducted. This research found that PTKI plays an education strategy following the roots of Islamic Curriculum (Isamic-National-International Curriculum). The curriculum has the potential to raise a generation of Muslims capable of using their faith to help solve humanitarian problems through the Maqasid Al-Shariah method. Furthermore, this education model will reform PTKI so that it may generate scholars who are specialists in religious sciences, as well as experts in religious sciences and general sciences. Keywords: PTKI Curriculum, Integration Science, Maqasid al-Shariah.

Театральная деятельность в образовательных и воспитательных целях: опыт стран Африки

<p style="text-align: justify;">The article presents an overview of the research works related to the issues of implementation and use of theatrical practices and drama-based methods in African educational and humanitarian organizations. In accordance with this area of research, the article provides a brief historical review on the development of African performing arts for the educational purposes. It also presents theoretical approaches to the most demanded and efficient theatrical practices for the local communities that are focused on their development and integration, heritage preservation and transfer of their original culture from one generation to the next. Also, such practices serve to raise awareness among the population concerning general humanitarian problems such as safe behavior models, contemporary challenges and threats to local ethnic communities and humanity in general. Within this context the paper gives a number of examples of educational projects that are based on the on principles of drama-based pedagogy and deal with the spread of diseases, reconciliation of conflicting parties, school knowledge acquisition. The article discusses and analyses the main factors, motives and specifics of theatricalization of educational process that keep drama-based methods in education in African countries in great demand. It is emphasized that the theater is an effective tool for information and educational work in situations connected with distribution of various socially dangerous diseases and the peaceful settlement of conflicts rival ethnic groups and tribes.</p>

The Criminal Policy against the Prevention and the Elimination of Money Laundering Crimes by Law Number 8 in 2010 in the Fight against Money Laundering Crime

Money laundering crime is a crime that not only threatens the stability of the economy and integrity of the financial system, but it can also divide the institutions of public, national and state life. These crimes have developed asa humanitarian problem of existence with the development of society, so in efforts to execute crimes have been penal and non-penal. Money laundering is one ofthe transnational and organized crimes, so it isnecessary to remedy national efforts of so-called criminal policies. The problem in this journal is how the countercriminal money laundering efforts have been on the criminal policy perspective and how the non-penal effort has been on the development of the moneylaundering crime. The study is done using a normative-and- value juridical approach and as for the analysis techniques used, it is qualitative analysis. From the research results, it is known that the Government has issued Law no. 8 of2010 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of Money Laundering Money, but there are still weaknesses in the legislative policy so that it will greatly affect its implementation and execution. In Law no. 8 of 2010 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of Money Laundering Money, the existence of PPATK has formulated better than the previous Law on Money Laundering Eradication. However, the role of PPATK in tackling money laundering offenses is still not optimal, so Indonesia still needs to be improved.

Poetic Harmony In Arif Abdul Mateen’s Naa’atya Poetry

Naa’at is a form of religious poetry that is recited in praise of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The word “Naa’at " is derived from the Arabic word "nath," which means "praise. “The content of Naa’ats usually includes descriptions of the Prophet Muhammad's character (seerat), his life, and his teachings. Naa’at can also be used to express the devotion and love that Muslims feel towards the Prophet Muhammad. Arif Abdul Mateen wrote in all forms of poetry and prose but his Naa’at genera have special mental thought process and evolution as a journey from communist thoughts to prospects of religion. He in his Naa’atia poetry, basically initiated a heart touching dialogue with Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and expected solutions of modern day humanitarian problems from the greatest Reformer and top rank HUMANBEING so he made it a social dialogue rather than mere praise and verbosity. In expression of Naa’at arif’s main focus remained on the philosophical view of developmental, peaceful, progressive and balanced human society as per core Islamic values. His style (Usloob) is having visual and sensory effects embedded with creative, decorated, symbolistic, impressive and articulated treasure of words flavoured with historical imagery. He created Naa’at on the modern poetic norms, which can be seen in each couplet soaked with powerful syntax and images.

Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD): Human and Humanity in The Study of Fiqh Maqașid

This study aimed to formulate the construction of fiqh maqașid as a standardization of the concept of humanity in Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD). This study contributes to actualizing fiqh maqașid as a standardization of values in solving humanitarian problems. This is based on the phenomenon of MAiD, which is considered controversial in the eyes of social religion and state law as in the concept of Islamic law (fiqh), which sees that the protection and realization of human existence and humanity are essential values in the study of Islamic law (fiqh). This argumentation must be elaborated in depth regarding interests and benefit elements in the MAiD phenomenon. The stages of the realization of benefits in the context of the approach to Islamic law (fiqh) are one of the representations and forms of elasticity in the study of the objectives of Islamic law (maqașid al-sharia). The relevance of maqașid shari'ah studies as a form of maqașid fiqh approach is considered to carry urgency in determining aspects of benefit in the MAiD phenomenon and representing maqașid fiqh in realizing human protection and humanity. This study uses literature research with data from various phenomena and regulations on MAiD, which are presented descriptively and then critically analyzed through the fiqh maqașid approach. This study found that the realization of the MAiD program through euthanasia has implications for the non-realization of the essential values of maqașid shari'ah in fiqh maqașid. This study confirms that fiqh maqașid has an orientation towards solving human problems based on humanity