Humanistic Values Research Articles

Jonas Ženauskas – Soviet Prisoner of 1940–1941, Member of the July Uprising of 1941, Rescuer of Jews

This article is mostly concerned with the biographical facts of Jonas Ženauskas, a Bolshevik prisoner of 1940-1941, anti-Soviet rebel and Jewish rescuer; these facts were mainly determined by the occupations of 1940-1944 and the Nazi Germany–Bolshevik Soviet Union war. It describes Soviet repressions, Ženauskas’ imprisonment and torture in Kaunas and NKVD prisons, as well as the liberation of prisoners on 23 June 1941. The June uprising of 1941 took place in Kaunas. Freed from prison, Ženauskas joined the uprising, armed about 50 rebels with guns, and guarded Kaunas radiophone. From August 1941 Ženauskas worked in Vilnius Criminal Police, and helped those arrested, including the Jews. He was arrested for this in 1942 by the German security police SD, and was imprisoned for seven days. As he did not regain his full health following his imprisonment in the Soviet prison, he quit the service in 1943 and returned to Kaunas. The Ženauskas family was successfully hiding 4 Jews who had escaped from the Kaunas ghetto until the end of the Nazi occupation. However, on the second day after the Red Army pushed out the German Wehrmacht, Ženauskas was arrested by the Soviet counterintelligence SMERSH. The officers of this service were not interested in the fact that he had rescued Jews, but instead accused him of non-existent crimes, and he was sentenced to death by shooting by the military tribunal (carried out on 2 March 1945). A criminal case was also initiated against his wife Sofija, and she and their two children only escaped exile by a hair’s breadth. Even during the Soviet period (1988), thanks to the efforts of his daughter Virginija Mačiulienė, as well as the two Jewish sisters saved by the Ženauskas family, Chana Lisienė and Merė Pilvinskaitė, the case was renewed. In 1989 he was vindicated. During the tragic turns of history which Lithuania and its people underwent in 1940–1944, Jonas Ženauskas, in spite of the violence inflicted on him by the Soviets, passed the human test and acting on his Christian convictions, humanistic values, assisted those persecuted, and rescued Jews, despite the death threats the Nazis had issued for such activity. Unfortunately on 2 March 2 1945, he was executed by the Bolsheviks who reoccupied Lithuania. The lives of everyone who lived through that period were shaped by the events of 1939–1944. There will never be too much historiography about them. New research, memoirs and publication of sources bring us closer to a more objective understanding of Lithuanian history, as well as an evaluation of its processes and facts both in our own country and abroad.

Teaching and AI in the postdigital age: Learning from teachers’ perspectives

This interview-based study aimed to understand how teachers make sense of their work and themselves in relation to artificial intelligence (AI) and other digital technologies, and was conceived as a means of learning with and from teachers. Navigating recent AI developments raised questions about thinking, creativity, production, and the meaning and value of humanity, along with more practical concerns regarding instruction and assessment. Creating policy and ongoing teacher education opportunities that recognize teachers’ capacities for professional judgement while also providing support would encourage thoughtful and creative uses of AI, and avoid pressuring teachers to thoughtlessly rush forward with AI implementation.

Dignity in people with dementia: A concept analysis.

Background: Dignity, an abstract and complex concept, is an essential part of humanity and an underlying guiding principle in healthcare. Previous literature indicates dignity is compromised in people with dementia (PwD), but those PwD maintain the capacity to live with dignity with appropriate external support. Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) lead to progressive functional decline and increased vulnerability and dependence, leading to heightened risks of PwD receiving inappropriate or insufficient care that diminishes dignity. Considering the increased disease prevalence and the continuously escalating costs of dementia care, establishing a productive value-based guideline may prevent suffering, maximize dignity, and thus promote quality of life (QoL).Aim: The goal of this project is to identify actionable targets for integrating dignity harmoniously and practically into care planning and management for PwD.Research Design: We conducted a concept analysis using Walker and Avant's eight-step process. A comprehensive literature search was conducted (PubMed and CINAHL) with the keywords "dignity," "dementia," "Alzheimer's disease," and "dementia care."Results: A total of 42 out of 4910 publications were included. The concept of dignity in PwD is operationalized as the promotion of worthiness and the accordance of respect that allows the presence and expression of a person's sense of self, regardless of physical, mental, or cognitive health. The concept has two subdimensions: absolute dignity which encompasses the inherent self and relative dignity characterized by its dynamic reflective nature. Worthiness and respect are the two main attributes, while autonomy is an underlying component of dignity. Specific antecedents of dignity in PwD are empowerment, non-maleficence, and adaptive environmental scaffolding. As a consequence of facilitating dignity in PwD, QoL may be enhanced.Conclusion: As a foundational and necessary humanistic value, incorporating dignity into dementia care can lead to efficient and effective care that optimizes QoL in PwD throughout their disease progression.

Mapping the Frontier: A Bibliometric Analysis of AI in Tertiary Education

This article presents a bibliometric analysis of research on artificial intelligence (AI) applications in higher education over the past decade. Through computer-assisted analysis of 412 documents from the Web of Science core collection, we shed light on publication trends, productivity patterns, and conceptual development. Despite this exponential growth in research output, there remains significant uncertainty about the long-term impact of AI on pedagogical practices, learning outcomes, and the overall structure of higher education systems. The results show an annual production increase of 31.8% in research publications on AI in higher education, signaling scientific recognition of the disruptive potential. The concentration in renowned specialist journals on the topic of technology-supported learning is offset by the distribution of these journals across 206 multidisciplinary sources. With 10 publications, the Chinese University of Hong Kong is the leading contributing institution. China leads in the number of publications on AI in higher education, with 62 articles, followed by the United States with 45 and the United Kingdom with 29. These regional anchors are driving progress in the field. Although there is strong collaboration, the research output remains spread across 1,182 scientists without established leaders, reflecting the diverse and emerging nature of the field. Topic modeling and keyword analysis mean an increasing examination of the connections to education systems, training, labor markets, and learning analyses. This highlights the tensions surrounding data ethics, academic integrity, and the disruption of the workforce as algorithms permeate admissions, advising, and teaching. Our examination of the anatomy of this rapidly growing field provides indispensable perspectives for guiding innovation. As techniques advance from theory to reality, continued empirical research to explore risks and opportunities will be critical to upholding humanistic educational values.

Normative identity work: exploring Erich Fromm’s perspective on self and society

This article explores the potential of normative identity work to foster humanistic transformation, drawing from Erich Fromm’s social theory. By engaging with Fromm’s insights into the interplay between individuals and societal structures, the analysis demonstrates how identity work – understood as an ongoing process of self-construction within social contexts – can confront what Fromm terms the ‘pathology of normalcy’. Central to the discussion are Fromm’s reflections on identity and its relationship to the human needs for rootedness, relatedness and the construction of a frame of orientation. The article integrates Fromm’s views on identity with contemporary identity research, illustrating the tensions between conforming to societal expectations and the pursuit of self-realisation. It introduces the ‘normative ABC of identity work’, a model structured around three key dimensions: agency, belonging and coherence. This model offers a lens to examine the various ways societal forces shape identity work, influencing individuals in directions that may either align with societal norms or open pathways towards humanistic growth and transformation. In the conclusion, the article emphasises the relationship between identity work and Fromm’s concept of social character, highlighting how social character can reflect and reinforce societal patterns while also pointing to the transformative potential embedded in humanistic values. This synthesis provides a critical framework for understanding how identity work can both sustain and challenge existing social norms and power structures.

A Narrative Review of the Clinical, Humanistic, and Economic Value of Pembrolizumab-Based Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Breast and Gynecologic Cancers.

Breast and gynecologic cancers are common across the world and are associated with substantial societal and economic burden. Pembrolizumab was among the first immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein1 to be approved for the treatment of patients with triple-negative breast cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. Recent clinical trials have established pembrolizumab regimens as a standard of care treatment for these tumor types. Clinical data are further supported by patient-reported outcome, cost-effectiveness, and real-world evidence. Pembrolizumab monotherapy and combination regimens do not negatively influence health-related quality of life and are cost-effective relative to comparators. Ongoing phase3 studies with pembrolizumab will expand the current understanding of its use in breast and gynecologic cancers. Several of these studies are in patients with early-stage disease with the hope of curing patients. The main objective of this review is to summarize the clinical, humanistic, and economic value of pembrolizumab in these settings and to describe the future challenges for patients, caregivers, clinicians, and payers.

Manifestasi Nilai Kemanusiaan dalam Cerpen Kontemporer dan Relevansinya Sebagai Materi

This research examines the manifestation of humanistic values in six selected short stories from Kompas in 2021-2022 as an alternative literary teaching material. The phenomenon of declining understanding of humanitarian values among students and the importance of instilling these values through literary works serve as the background for this study. The goal is to identify and analyze the representation of humanism in contemporary Indonesian literature. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis techniques. The analysis results show that the six short stories studied are rich in humanistic values such as openness, responsibility, solidarity, justice, self-sacrifice, care, and mutual assistance. The structure of a short story, including characters and setting, plays an important role in conveying those values. "The Holy Family" depicts openness, "The Three-Colored Bahar Roots" emphasizes sacrifice, "This City is a Well" explores solidarity, "About the Name of Majid Pucuk" showcases the struggle for justice, "The House that Always Smells Bad" illustrates mutual aid, and "The Fading Spark in His Eyes" highlights family care. This finding has implications for the development of more contextual literature teaching materials, encouraging a deeper understanding of humanism among students.

Культура искусственного интеллекта как динамичный инструмент современной ценностной системы

The article examines the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) as a tool of the modern value system. The research material comprises the implementation of substantial humanistic values in the modern public sphere, including the concepts of humanity, life, its duration and quality, health, security, freedom, opportunities for self-realization and self-development, individualization, personalization, collectivism, compassion, and others. The analysis reveals that the culture of AI aligns effectively with these values. It is emphasized that AI serves as a tool for the actualization, development, reinforcement, and transmission of humanistic values to future generations – values that are crucial for the positive evolution of modern society. The paper highlights that AI operates specifically as a tool (both innovative and effective) through which values are realized in response to the needs of the entire society and its individual members. The advancement of AI as a dynamic tool within the modern value system reflects the process of societal humanization and satisfies the human need for the recognition of one’s subjectivity and significance. This study thus contributes to the understanding of AI’s role as not merely a technological advancement, but as an integral facet of the ethical and moral framework shaping modern human interactions and societal structures.

Communicative Practices and Cultural Challenges in Kurikulum Merdeka: The District Teachers’ Voice

Kurikulum Merdeka, implemented across schools in Indonesia, emphasizes the development of students' communicative competence through a more flexible and contextual approach. However, its implementation faces significant challenges, particularly due to cultural differences across regions. This study aims to explore the cultural challenges faced by district teachers and to what extend fostering students' communicative practices in line with the new curriculum demands. It includes 50 English teachers from the Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) Bahasa Inggris kabupaten Gowa, or English Teachers Assembly of Gowa District, representing diverse backgrounds and experiences. Data collection included surveys (n=50) using a Likert scale questionnaire and semi-structured interviews (n=6) constructed according to Han (2022) and Lei & Medwell (2022). The study reveals communicative practices show moderate implementation with meaningful communicative practices (mean=3.37), humanistic values and learner autonomy (mean=3.66), and cooperative learning (mean=3.48). The highest approval is in adopting a task-based approach (mean=4.00). Cultural challenges in contextual alignment is strongly emphasized (mean=4.18), highlighting the importance of aligning educational practices with local contexts. Recommendations include targeted professional development, promoting collaborative learning, establishing clear assessment frameworks, leveraging technology for resource sharing, and strengthening local community partnerships.

Pancasila sebagai Sistem Etika Politik dan Etika Pemerintahan di Indonesia

The study aims to examine Pancasila as an ethical system in politics and government in Indonesia. Pancasila, which consists of five principles, is not only the foundation of the state but also a moral guideline that directs political and governmental behavior. This study uses a qualitative type of library research with a descriptive approach, which is a type of research that focuses on a phenomenon with data obtained in the form of literature that is naturally described in the form of words or writing. The results of the study obtained are in the context of political ethics, Pancasila functions as a moral identity that guides citizens and the government to act in accordance with ethical principles that are fair, wise, and in accordance with the values ​​of humanity, unity, and people's sovereignty. The implementation of political ethics based on Pancasila ensures that political actions are not only focused on power, but also morally and socially responsible to society. In government, Pancasila is the main guideline that ensures that the government acts for the welfare of all Indonesian people, by respecting the values ​​of humanity, justice, and unity. Every decision and policy taken by a leader must reflect the values ​​contained in Pancasila, such as divinity, humanity, democracy, and social justice. Pancasila is not only the basis of the country's constitution, but also an ethical system that guides the government in carrying out its duties with integrity, morality, and commitment to the interests of the people and the state.

Revisiting the Global Social Work Definition: How Social Workers Define the Profession a Decade Later?

Abstract Social work has struggled to establish a unanimous definition encompassing the full professional scope. In 2014, the International Federation of Social Workers introduced a revised global definition outlining principles, objectives, goals and theories. Now, a decade later, questions have emerged about the definition and its contemporary relevance. This qualitative study interviewed sixty-five Israeli social workers to uncover how they define the profession. Analysis revealed they define social work as a profession that fosters positive change and well-being through tailored interventions. It upholds humanistic values like equality, dignity and participation and assists diverse clients experiencing challenging transitions by utilising different means of support. Findings show continuity in how social workers in Western contexts view the purpose and tools of the profession, whilst also highlighting tensions with the global definition’s macro-orientation. This research then incorporates an inclusive ‘both/and’ perspective, including both micro and macro dimensions, using principles from rights-based social work, to propose small amendments to the global definition.

Mental Health Treatment-Seeking Appraisal, Afrocentric Cultural Norms, and Mental Health Functioning: Buffering Factors of Young Black Men's Externalizing Behavior.

Depression rates are disproportionately high among Black American Men. This disparity--compounded by low mental healthcare seeking rates and high incorrect diagnosis rates in men--could be related to masculine norms, including self-reliance, restrictive emotionality, and stoicism. Furthermore, men are more likely to engage in externalized behavior, such as aggression, to cope with mental health challenges; this pattern is influenced by cultural and environmental factors. Contrary to these detrimental factors, social relationships, belief in social networks, and collectivism have been associated with positive mental health in these populations. Similarly, an Afrocentric worldview (including concepts like Ubuntu and African self-consciousness) has been hypothesized to promote positive mental health outcomes among Black American men. However, little research exists on harnessing these factors as a means of increasing health-seeking behaviors in young Black males. To elucidate the effect of region, depression, African humanism, collectivism, and help-seeking values and needs concerning aggression in young Black males. This study included Black or African American participants (n = 428) identifying as male, aged 18-25 years, who responded to a Qualtrics survey with questions on region, aggression, depression, African humanism, collectivism, and help-seeking value and need. Hierarchical linear regression revealed that collectivism, humanness, value, and the need for seeking treatment were inversely associated with aggression (p < 0.001). Highlighting the effect of cultural norms and help-seeking behaviors and the aggravating effect of depression on aggression in young Black males can help to develop aggression-mitigating interventions rooted in Afrocentric Norms.

Трансформация гражданственности студенчества в «переломное время» (на материалах фокус-групп и эссе студентов вузов Ростовской области в 2022 и 2024 гг.)

The article analyzes the opinions and civil positions of students of the Rostov region universities in the context of a Special Military Operation and a destructive ideological war of the collective West against the Russian Federation. Based on the materials of the focus group and essays of the Don students in October – November 2022 (8 groups) and in April 2024 (6 groups, 203 essays), the life-forming factors of student youth are described: life, peace, humanism, family and immediate environment, collectivism and mutual assistance, historical memory, small homeland, patriotism. The events and factors that influenced the moral and social state of the Don students are identified: confrontation with existential problems of war and peace, life and death; uncertainty of the future in the context of the inevitability of a Special Military Operation, cultural isolation of Russia, geopolitical risks and transformation of the world order. In the face of an existential choice, there is a rethinking of the value of family, an increase in the role of the immediate circle and small homeland. A targeted state policy of memory, glorification and memorization of the Special Military Operation participants creates the ground for an increase in the role of historical memory, the values of patriotism and citizenship, trust in the authorities and approval of political decisions. The perception of Western values becomes more critical; the severity of anxiety about the cultural, economic, political isolation of Russia is erased. The hypothesis about the existence of two models of citizenship of Russian students was confirmed: a) the first (civic consciousness as public-state patriotism) is associated with factors of sociocentrism, where there is an identity with one's family, ethnic group, small homeland, and civic identity with the Russian state is strengthened, associated with a sense of duty, responsibility and obligation to it; b) the second (global citizenship) is based on the principles of anthropocentrism with guarantees of observance of constitutional rights and freedoms, humanistic values and global citizenship, but without the individual's obligations to the state.

����� ������ί �����̲�� �� ����������ֲ� ��������Ҳ �� ������ò� �����˲��� ��������� ���������

The article explores the transformation of employment and human resources under the influence of the digital economy. Digital technologies are changing the professional structure, automating processes, and creating new requirements for workers. While new professions are emerging, they are often aimed at further automation, raising the risk of mass unemployment and loss of control over one's professional future. Special attention is given to the impact of digitalization on shifts in approaches to human resource management. The article also discusses an ecosystem approach to labor organization based on human-technology interaction and the importance of preserving humanistic values in the new economy

The Role of Higher Education in Humanistic Education for Students

Human values are a core value for every human being. Humanity will help people live together peacefully, will help people find the meaning of their lives. To effectively educate humanities for students, first of all, each school must be a truly humane environment, must innovate the educational mechanism and method. At the same time, it is necessary to find the compatibility of the value standards taught in the school with the natural development law of society to strengthen the belief in values in students. Therefore, research to continue educating and spreading humanity to students today is extremely necessary in both theory and practice, in order to contribute to building and nurturing generations of Vietnamese students who are perfect in personality with national and humanistic values suitable for the development of the new era.

Internalization of Universal Religious Values in Developing Religious Moderation in Parigi Moutong State Senior High Schools

This research discusses the Internalization of Universal Religious Values ​​in developing Religious Moderation in Torue State Senior High Schools. This research examines the process of internalizing universal religious values ​​in developing religious moderation and the impact of the results of internalizing universal religious values ​​in developing religious moderation at State Senior High School Torue. This research uses a qualitative approach, and data is collected through observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and written document analysis. The results of this research show that four values are internalized in State Senior High School 1 Torue, namely, the value of justice, the value of tolerance, the value of humanity, and the value of peace. The process of internalizing universal religious values ​​is carried out through several stages. The first stage is value transformation through awareness by understanding religious values. Next, the value transaction process involves direction, guidance, and examples for students to adhere to religious values. From the results of the transinternalization carried out, students have been able to apply the universal religious values ​​that are instilled, including in the implementation of policies or regulations made by the school, providing encouragement to students to practice good values ​​in their actions, following the good examples of the students and educators, as well as creating a harmonious environment in schools. The impact of internalizing religious values ​​plays an essential role in forming the character of moderate, tolerant students who respect religious diversity, respect their elders, are disciplined, are used to differences, are used to practicing worship, are close to friends, and are socially concerned.

Analysis of Performance and Genetic Characteristics of Cultural Landscapes in Traditional Villages along the Jinzhong Section of the Wanli Tea Road from a Landscape Gene Information Chain Perspective: A Case Study of Xiamen Village

The traditional villages along the Wanli Tea Road carry rich historical and cultural heritage, holding significant humanistic and scientific value. However, with the rapid pace of urbanization and modernization, the inheritance and protection of the cultural landscapes in these traditional villages face numerous challenges. Based on this, this study focuses on Xiamen Village, a traditional village along the Jinzhong section of the Wanli Tea Road, utilizing the perspective of the landscape gene information chain to reveal the performance and genetic characteristics of its unique and regionally distinctive cultural landscape genes. The study provides theoretical support for the protection and inheritance of cultural landscapes in traditional villages along the Wanli Tea Road. The results show that: (1) The overall cultural landscape of Xiamen Village has been well preserved, with notable characteristics in environment, layout, architecture, and culture, demonstrating its rich historical and cultural accumulation, and offering high research and conservation value; (2) The landscape gene information chain of Xiamen Village plays a critical role in integrating the village’s cultural landscape. The landscape gene information elements and points express the village’s unique historical inheritance through regional culture and material forms. The “branch-like” structure of the landscape gene information corridors effectively connects the various landscape gene information points, while the landscape gene information network reflects the interaction between tradition and modernity; (3) The landscape gene information chain of Xiamen Village shows a relationship of coexistence between inheritance and change in its genetic characteristics. Although some landscape genes face challenges from modernization, their core traits have not been lost. The inheritance of the landscape genes is not static but adjusts and reconstructs within an evolving social and cultural context, reflecting adaptability and flexibility in response to modern demands.

Main Learning Theories in Education

Six major learning theories explain how people acquire knowledge and skills: behaviorism focuses on how environmental stimuli and consequences shape observable behaviors; cognitivism emphasizes internal mental processes and representations; constructivism highlights learners actively constructing their own understanding; humanism stresses personal experiences, values, and motivations; connectionism emphasizes neural networks and distributed representations; and sociocultural learning theory which according to this theory, learning takes place through collaborative activities with others, where individuals build upon their existing knowledge and skills. These influential theories have impacted educational practices and sparked ongoing debates as researchers and practitioners grapple with the complexity of learning.

Обучение русскому языку как иностранному на продвинутом этапе (на примере темы «Демография»)

The paper describes the specificity of teaching the topic “Demography” at the advanced stage of Russian as a foreign language learning. The research aims to identify ways to effectively organize lessons using a variety of teaching methods. The scientific novelty lies in the proposed methodological solutions for studying the topic “Demography” at the advanced stage. As a result of the research, a number of exercises of different types have been created. These include lexical exercises aimed at memorizing new words on the studied topic; text-based exercises that help students assimilate ready-made text models and speech patterns, actualize the studied vocabulary, and reach a new lexical level; exercises for working with the public service announcement “Our Peculiarities Is Our Heritage”. The methodological value of the exercises proposed lies in their ability to influence the students’ emotional intelligence with the goal of strengthening positive emotions from language learning, forming humanistic values, creating a positive image of Russia, and demonstrating how the social problem in question is objectified in the consciousness of modern Russian society. The proposed methodological solutions will help increase student motivation and effectively organize lessons.

Navigating the Path to inclusive Education in Primary Schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania: A Descriptive-Correlational Study on Key Implementation Factors

This study navigated the path to inclusive education in primary schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania. The study used the descriptive correlational design. Out of the population of 14,881 stakeholders, the study had the sample size was 1,163 subject including 370 mainstream pupils, 278 mainstream teachers, 346 special needs learners and 169 special needs teachers. Sources of data were a questionnaire, an interview schedule, an observation schedule and Focus Group Discussions. Data analysis involved the thematic approach, descriptive statistics and regression analysis. While the running of inclusive education requires supporting tools and infrastructure, the schools did not have sufficient infrastructure and science and technology facilities to support the inclusive learning atmosphere. While primary schools had suitable classrooms, toilets, and playing grounds, the lighting, ventilation, and sound system were limited in quality. Based on the conclusions, the established shortcomings in infrastructure and technological equipment call for the school budget to include special education requirements. Finally, there is a need for schools to propagate appropriate cultural norms that cherish the value of humanity for both teachers and learners to respect special needs learners, providing necessary support for special needs learners to study comfortably without any discrimination.