Human Services Research Articles

PERCEPTIONS OF INSTITUTIONAL SOCIAL BODIES REGARDING LIFELONG LEARNING AND EDUCATION OF HUMAN RESOURCES OF SOCIAL SERVICES IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN RIGHTS

In this paper, part of the results of research conducted within the framework of the PhD studies of the first author is presented. The aim of the research is to explore the variety of perceptions held by institutional social bodies regarding the education of human resources and social services in the field of human rights. A qualitative research method was employed to achieve this goal. Data collection took place through semi-structured interviews between February and June 2024. Eight in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants who hold positions within institutional bodies involved in the design and implementation of social policy. The interpretation of the data was carried out using thematic analysis. The results of the research indicated that these institutional bodies support the value of investing in lifelong learning, particularly in the education of human resources in human rights, as a means of building knowledge, cultivating soft skills, and changing attitudes in ways that can subsequently lead to the provision of quality services to vulnerable social groups.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0717/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Association between personal characteristics and anxiety and burnout in orthopedic residents: a cross-sectional cross-sectional study

ObjectiveBurnout is becoming a major problem in medicine, and some articles have pointed to the link between burnout and anxiety. Several factors can contribute to burnout and anxiety, and recognizing each can improve medical education environments. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between personal characteristics, anxiety and burnout of orthopedic residents.MethodIn this cross-sectional study, the anxiety rate, depression, and burnout were evaluated in 94 orthopedic residents above the second year and orthopedic fellowships in three hospitals. Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Maslach Burnout Inventory—Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) were used to measure the levels of depression, anxiety, and burnout, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictor variables for burnout.ResultsSevere anxiety and depression were reported in 17% and 12.77% of residents, respectively. The rate of burnout for Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and low sense of Personal Accomplishment (PA) subscales was 18.09%, 28.72%, and 43.62% of people with high levels of burnout, respectively. Multivariate analysis of logistic regression showed that Works > 60 h per week, Anxiety score > 28, Time spent in the hospital > 9 h per Day, Academic year and Experience being abused by the upstream, Balance between work and life, Feeling the need for support from nurses in the hospital were significantly associated with burnout.Conclusionstress and anxiety can be considered a severe factor in burnout; this issue can provide a clear perspective of the psychological cycle that ultimately leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the medical system and related services.

New US DHHS Guidelines for Feeding of HIV Exposed Infants: Uptake, Practice Variability and Concerns

Abstract Background Approximately 5000 infants are born to mothers living with HIV annually in the US. In the past, the Center for Disease Control (CDC), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) have recommended that people living with HIV (PWH) not breast/chest feed their infants. Recent changes published in January 2023 in the “Section on Infant Feeding for Individuals Living with HIV” in the US DHHS HIV Guidelines, now include that individuals with HIV who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with a sustained undetectable viral load (VL) and who choose to breastfeed should be supported in this decision. We evaluated the uptake of these guidelines, and practice variability across providers who care for such mothers and infants. Methods We surveyed Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society members who practice clinically in the US, via an internal email list serve. The ten-question survey assessed uptake of the updated DHHS guidelines and respondents’ clinical practice in three key areas that are subject to interpretation in the guidelines: VL control, mixed feeding, and ART prophylaxis. We used descriptive statistics to examine guideline uptake and variability in practice. We used inductive qualitative thematic analysis to identify themes in open-ended survey responses. Results Of 915 individuals who opened the survey, 165 responded and 129 were included in the final analysis. Respondents represented 86 US clinical centers. Uptake varied: 14 respondents (10.8%) were unaware of the new guidelines, 103 (79.8%) had implemented or were planning to implement the new guidelines, and 12 (9.3%) were not planning to implement the guidelines. The table summarizes variability in pre-delivery VL suppression and mixed feeding criteria used by 117 respondents who are either planning/already implementing guidelines or who are unaware of guidelines. Areas of concern revealed by thematic analysis included insufficient data to support guidelines and lack of specific criteria for implementation. Conclusion We identified substantial heterogeneity in provider uptake and comfort with new breastfeeding guidelines among US pediatric infectious diseases practitioners, and variability in assessment of safety to breastfeed. Further research is essential to explore patient preferences, define necessary follow-up, and address provider concerns regarding insufficient data to support guidelines and lack of specific criteria for implementation.

Public and health care provider attitudes, understanding, and behaviors regarding emergency use authorizations: a scoping literature review

BackgroundUnder Sect. 564 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, when the US Department of Health and Human Services Secretary issues a declaration based on one of four types of determinations, FDA may authorize an unapproved product or unapproved uses of an approved product for emergency use. It is unclear how much the public and health care providers understand about emergency use authorizations and how that understanding influences perceptions or behavioral intentions. The current study aimed to explore consumer and health care provider perceptions of emergency use authorizations and how promotion of emergency use authorizations has been investigated in the literature.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL for original research published in English from January 1, 2012, through November 10, 2022. We conducted surveillance of the literature through March 2023.ResultsWe identified 13 studies reported in 14 publications that addressed public and health care provider attitudes, understanding, and behaviors with regard to products authorized under an emergency use authorization. We did not identify any articles describing research regarding the promotion of emergency use authorization products. Findings suggest gaps in understanding of emergency use authorizations, both for the public and health care providers. Findings also suggest the public and health care providers have concerns about safety or the lack of full FDA approval that may contribute to decreased willingness to receive treatments and vaccines under an emergency use authorization.ConclusionsFuture research should explore how emergency use authorizations have been promoted and how that promotion impacts public and health care provider perceptions.

Points of View from Human Service Leaders: Carolyn Peters

Points of View from Human Service Leaders: Carolyn Peters

Evaluation of SIMRAL with CIPP Model on the Performance of State Civil Apparatus (ASN)

SIMRAL is used to manage APBD (Regional Government Budget), planning, budgeting, implementation, reporting, accountability, and audit supervision. Therefore, its series is long and unbroken. This study evaluates SIMRAL's effect on the performance of civil servants in the PUPR (Public Works and Spatial Planning) office of Bogor City to achieve performance at the individual, unit, or organisational level. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of SIMRAL usage and the performance of civil servants in the PUPR office of Bogor City. The research method used is a mixed-method approach, with an evaluative program/policy approach using the CIPP model. This method focuses on evaluating four main components: (1) SIMRAL usage policy and objectives, (2) human resource quality, (3) SIMRAL application process, and (4) the output and outcome of SIMRAL usage. The output of this research is a policy recommendation on using SIMRAL, considering the mayor's regulations, work effectiveness-efficiency, human resource performance competency, service quality, budget control, and proper decision-making. SIMRAL also continuously enhances work motivation and quality.

B-021 Impact of Assay Conditions on FT4 Measurement Accuracy of Equilibrium Dialysis LC/MS/MS Clinical Assay

Abstract Background Reliable FT4 measurements are vital for accurate diagnosis and effective management of thyroid disorders. However, currently used FT4 immunoassays (IAs) lack standardization, leading to significant variations between platforms. Equilibrium dialysis (ED) coupled with LC-MS/MS analysis, considered the gold standard for FT4 measurement, has been adopted as a reference measurement procedure (RMP) for IA standardization. This study aimed to establish a high-throughput version of the routine clinical FT4 assay based on ED-LC/MS/MS technology and assess the impact of altered assay conditions on measurement accuracy. Methods A commercially available micro-ED plate was employed for ED-LC/MS/MS analysis. FT4 extraction from the dialysate was performed by utilizing a 96-well C18 SPE plate, followed by FT4 quantitation via LC-MS/MS in positive ion mode. Certified primary reference material was used to calibrate the assay. To evaluate assay robustness, the effects of minor method modifications were studied, including incubation time of ED, serum/buffer ratios in ED inserts, ED incubation temperature, shaker speed during ED, serum sample dilution ratio, and dialysate sample dilution ratio. Additionally, short-term and long-term stability of serum FT4 were assessed. Results The developed ED-LC/MS/MS assay successfully resolved T4, T3, reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), and other interferences within 4 minutes using C18 chromatography. The assay's linear range (0.5-100 pg/mL) encompassed clinically relevant FT4 concentrations across hypo- and hyperthyroid patient samples. Excellent agreement was observed between the routine assay based on ED-LC/MS/MS and CDC RMP with a Deming regression slope near 1 (95%CI: 0.87-1.06). Furthermore, serum/buffer ratios from 1:1 to 1:2.5 in ED inserts, shaker speeds from 75 to 150 rpm, and ED incubation times from 16 to 20 hours did not significantly affect FT4 measurement. However, elevated ED temperature (38°C) led to a more than 10% increase in FT4 values. Serum FT4 remained stable when exposed to room temperature for 12 hours, five freeze-thaw cycles, and -70°C storage for 1.5 years. Additionally, dilution of sera by up to 3-fold before ED did not alter FT4 measurement results. Diluting dialysate samples at least 3 times prior to SPE extraction proved accurate for samples exceeding the calibration curve range. Conclusions In conclusion, we successfully developed a routine clinical FT4 assay based on ED-LC/MS/MS that generates data comparable to the RMP. The assay exhibits robustness, with several altered conditions not significantly impacting measurement accuracy. This high-throughput and accurate assay demonstrates suitability for both clinical laboratories and large-scale epidemiological studies. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Public Health Service, and the US Department of Health and Human Services.

Which has a greater impact on brand satisfaction, human service or robot service as a waiter/waitress in the restaurant industry?

ABSTRACT This study was designed to identify how SERVQUAL forms brand relationship quality and brand loyalty with the moderating role of the type of service employees, such as robots and humans. The study collected data from 286 people who used restaurants where robots provide the services and from 300 people who used restaurants where people provide the services. In order to test the proposed hypotheses, this study employed structural equation modelling based on the AMOS program. The data analysis revealed that four of the five dimensions of SERVQUAL, which include tangibles, reliability, assurance, and empathy, help to enhance brand satisfaction. In addition, brand satisfaction has a positive influence on brand trust, brand commitment, and brand loyalty. The moderating role of the type of service employee in the relationship between utilitarian value and brand authenticity was identified.

Age and racial and ethnic disparities in filled buprenorphine prescriptions post-emergency department visit in Nevada.

We described age, gender, race, and ethnicity associations with filling buprenorphine prescriptions post-emergency department (post-ED) visits. We analyzed 1.5 years (July 1, 2020-December 31, 2021) of encounter-level Medicaid ED and retail pharmacy claims data obtained from the Nevada Department of Health and Human Services. We studied ED patients with an opioid use disorder (OUD) diagnosis who did not fill a prescription for OUD medications within 6 months before the ED encounter. Using logistic regression, we modeled the associations between the patient's demographic characteristics and the outcome, filling a buprenorphine prescription at a community pharmacy within 14 or 30 days of the ED encounter. Among 2781 ED visits, representing 2094 patients, the median age was 39 years, 54% were male, 18.5% were Black, 11.7% were Hispanic, and 62.3% were White. Only 4% of the ED visits were followed by a filled buprenorphine prescription. Increasing age (14-day window: adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=0.965, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.948-0.983) and being a Black patient (14-day window: aOR: 0.114, 95% CI 0.036-0.361) were both associated with lower odds of filled buprenorphine prescriptions. These results were similar within 30 days of an ED visit. Initiation of buprenorphine following an ED visit remains low among Nevadan Medicaid patients and is less likely with increasing age and among Black patients, despite strong evidence supporting its use. Overburdened EDs, lack of attention from managers, and substance use stigma are among possible explanations. When ED clinicians do write buprenorphine prescriptions, peer recovery support could increase the fill rates.

A bibliometric analysis and visualization of literature on the relationship between vitamin D and obesity over the last two decades

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to employ bibliometric analysis to visualize hot spots and evolving trends in the studies on the relationship between vitamin D and obesity. MethodsFrom the Web of Science Core Collection database, articles on vitamin D and obesity from 2001 to 2021 were retrieved. For the bibliometric visualization analysis, CiteSpace was employed. Some of the figures were created using GraphPad software. Results4454 pieces of articles and reviews were found, with an average citation of 30.68 times. There are many more published papers in the area of "nutrition dietetics" (1166, 26.179 %). The United States possesses the largest number of publications (1297, 29.12 %) and demonstrates definitive leadership in this field. The League of European Research Universities generates a higher percentage of publications (256, 5.748 %) than other institutions. Major studies are funded by the United States Department of Health and Human Services (531, 11.922 %) and the National Institutes of Health, USA (528, 11.855 %). The top five keywords with the highest co-occurrence frequency are “obesity” (1260), “vitamin d” (943), “insulin resistance” (651), “risk” (642), and “d deficiency” (636). The biggest keyword cluster was #0 "adolescent" among the 18 keyword clusters. The three latest keywords in the keyword burst were "mineral density"、"d insufficiency" and "25 hydroxyvitamin d concentration". ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis shows an overview of the current status of the research on the association between vitamin D and obesity. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the relationship between vitamin D and metabolic syndrome in obese individuals remains hot topics. We speculate that the effect of obesity on vitamin D levels and bone mineral density, and the influence of vitamin D insufficiency on various body systems in obese populations will be future trends.

The influence of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery on clinical trial development by cardiothoracic surgeons

ObjectiveClinical trials play a critical role in the rapidly evolving field of cardiothoracic surgery and the American Association for Thoracic Surgery Clinical Trials Methods Course has provided a biannual symposium led by preeminent surgeons with vast experience in planning, conducting, and analyzing surgical clinical trials. This study hypothesizes that participation in the course is associated with future success in clinical trial leadership. MethodsA list of course attendees (2014-2022) was queried in ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of clinical trials funded by the US Department of Health and Human Services and the National Institutes of Health. The type of clinical trial and publications from the trial were collected. Demographic information about the participants was collected from faculty pages. ResultsA total of 107 participants from various professional backgrounds attended the American Association for Thoracic Surgery Clinical Trials Methods course and led 91 clinical trials. The average time to starting a clinical trial after attending the workshop was 3.04 years for participants who had not already been involved with a trial. Of the 107 participants, 36 (33.6%) were either the principal investigator or a subinvestigator for 91 clinical trials. ConclusionsThe American Association for Thoracic Surgery Clinical Trials Methods course provides participants the tools for successfully leading surgical clinical trials. Although participation has been limited, those who attend the course and lead a clinical trial do so within approximately 3 years. The Clinical Trials Methods Course provides an excellent return on investment and the American Association for Thoracic Surgery should continue sponsorship of this program because it supports the develop of future leaders in cardiothoracic surgery.

Going in Blind: A Common Scenario in an Uncommon Situation.

Medical students, interns, junior resident physicians, senior resident physicians. Power outages have been increasing in frequency in the past few years, therefore becoming an increased threat to healthcare delivery.1 While most studies related to the effects of power outages are focused on outpatient care, such as acute exacerbations of chronic lung conditions and the lack of chargeable equipment, with the increasing number of power outages, hospitals must be prepared for this situation as well.2,3 Although agencies such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) have provided guidelines for the response of hospitals to temporary loss of power,12,13 hospitals generally rely on institutional policies in response to the event of a power outage. Given the relative rarity but increasing frequency of power outages in hospital settings, this medical simulation was created to present a common occurrence in the emergency department (eg, cardiac arrest) in an uncommon setting of a power outage. Simulation has been shown to improve learner self-efficacy, confidence, and leadership skills among resuscitation teams.4,5 The role of simulation also helps learners identify latent safety threats, in this case a power outage.6 The goal of this simulation is to improve the skills of healthcare professionals with regards to managing cardiac arrest and to encourage these practitioners to consider their own hospital guidelines in response to a power outage. By the end of this simulation, learners will be able to (1) evaluate and treat a patient experiencing myocardial infarction and subsequent cardiac arrest during a power outage, (2) describe the local protocols for managing patient care during a power outage, (3) demonstrate the ability to coordinate a medical team during a simulated power outage in an emergency department with limited resources, (4) manage a cardiac arrest patient by following Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) protocols for bradycardia and ventricular fibrillation, and (5) justify the urgency of transfer to a certified ST segment elevation myocardial infarction center/cardiac intensive care unit, referencing the recommended 120-minute door-to-balloon time. This simulation was conducted with a high-fidelity mannequin. A total of six residents of various post-graduate year (PGY) levels participated in the simulated patient encounter as part of the simulation competition at the Western Regional meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. This case was assessed for educational content and piloted by emergency medicine attendings from several institutions prior to running the case for the Western Regional meeting. The efficacy of the content was assessed by oral feedback. The case was well-received by both the attending physicians who evaluated the case prior to running the scenario at the Western Regional meeting and the emergency medicine residents who participated in the case at the Western Regional meeting. Overall, this simulation was well received by both the learners and the debriefers. General feedback was positive, with the perception of increased confidence among learners and reflection upon individual hospital policy in the event of a power outage. Simulation, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, power outage.

Nurses' preferences for working in Uber-style ‘Internet plus’ nursing services: A discrete choice experiment

BackgroundChina's ‘Internet Plus’ nursing services, which are Uber-style home care services with an ‘online application, offline service’ approach, have been evolving over the past five years. Registered nurses' preference for these Uber-style Internet Plus nursing services are crucial for improving human resource management and service efficiency, yet research in this area remains scarce. ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore registered nurses' preferences for Uber-style Internet Plus nursing services and provide optimization recommendations from a supply-side perspective. DesignA cross-sectional study utilising a discrete choice experiment. Setting(s)Two public tertiary hospitals located in Tianjin, China, which have implemented Internet Plus nursing services. Participants211 registered nurses who participated in Internet Plus nursing services. MethodsThe survey was conducted anonymously using an online survey platform. Respondents were presented with choices between two alternatives, based on five key attributes: income, safety and security, patient and family cooperation, commute time, and service type. Mixed logit models estimated the stated preferences for attributes. Relative importance scores, willingness-to-pay estimates, and simulations of service-type uptake rates were calculated. Subgroup analysis and seemingly unrelated regression estimation were performed to examine heterogeneity in preferences. ResultsA total of 3202 choice observations were generated. When sorted by the strength of preference, the five attributes related to registered nurses' choice of Uber-style Internet Plus nursing services, measured by their relative importance scores, are as follows: safety and security (30.89 %), income (27.41 %), patient and family cooperation (18.47 %), service type (11.96 %), and commuting time (11.27 %). Elevating safety and security from low to high levels has the same utility as a 31.81 % increase in monthly income, equivalent to 2586.14 yuan. Subgroup analysis showed that senior nurses place more value on safety and security than junior nurses (β = 1.421 vs.β = 0.725; P = 0.011), and unmarried nurses had a stronger preference for family and caregiver cooperation (β = 1.105 vs.β = 0.314; P = 0.023). ConclusionsThe strength and heterogeneity of registered nurses' preferences should be highlighted in the dispatch algorithms model of Uber-style Internet Plus nursing services, thereby enhancing the efficiency and humanity of Uber-style Internet Plus nursing services. Tweetable abstractRegistered nurses prioritise safety and security, acknowledging heterogeneous preferences in Uber-style Internet Plus nursing services.

PENGARUH REMUNERASI, PENGUKURAN KINERJA, DAN ANALISIS JABATAN TERHADAP KUALITAS MUTU PEKERJAAN PEGAWAI DI BIRO KEUANGAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA TAHUN 2022

Nowadays, people are increasingly smart and aware of getting quality products or services. People are very intelligent and understand about quality products or services. For this reason, an institution is required to provide quality products or services to provide satisfaction to consumers. Providing quality products or services, of course, cannot be separated from the extent of human resources (HR) owned by an institution. The reason is, through quality human resources, quality products or services will of course be produced. In the midst of increasingly tight business competition like today, improving the quality of employees is one of the important things for an institution. Because, the quality of products and services is largely determined by technology, systems, work methods and personal integrity to contribute the best quality work. Several factors that influence the quality of employee work are 1. Remuneration is a component that can increase employee motivation. With appropriate remuneration, an employee will work at his best. In this way, remuneration is something that can influence employee productivity and work performance; 2. Performance measurement is a process of assessing work progress against predetermined goals and objectives, including information on the efficiency of resource use in producing goods and services; 3. Job Analysis is a systematic process that aims to find out about the main points of the position which consists of several tasks, jobs, authority and responsibilities, as well as about the qualification provisions for the things sought such as experience, expertise, ability, education so that they can carry out their duties well in their position.

Alcohol use disorders among healthcare professionals: a call for action.

Alcohol consumption and harmful and hazardous drinking are significant contributors to the global burden of disease, accounting for about 3 million deaths each year globally. Owing to their stressful work environment, healthcare professionals are at a high risk of experiencing physical and mental health problems, particularly alcohol use disorders. Alcohol use disorder among healthcare professionals is of concern as it is associated with decreased work productivity and performance and associated ill health and cognitive impairment. This review, therefore, aimed to gather evidence on the prevalence and associated factors for alcohol use disorders among healthcare professionals. The findings revealed a high prevalence of alcohol use disorders among healthcare professionals, which were worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, there was a glaring dearth of studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries. Urgent interventions and support systems are therefore needed to address these issues. A comprehensive approach, considering individual and organizational factors, alongside evidence-based interventions, training and support programs, can promote workforce well-being and improve the quality of patient care. It is imperative to integrate alcohol use screening, preventive and treatment interventions with primary healthcare and psychiatry services.This will help ensureearly diagnosis and timelyinitiation of preventive and therapeutic measures, reducing the risk of missed opportunities. Furthermore, offering effective human resource management support services to healthcare professionals would significantly enhance their well-being and help prevent alcohol use disorders.

National Institutes of Health COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel: Perspectives and Lessons Learned.

In March 2020, the White House Coronavirus Task Force determined that clinicians in the United States needed expert treatment guidelines to optimally manage patients with COVID-19, a potentially life-threatening disease caused by a new pathogen for which no specific treatments were known to be effective. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services requested that the National Institutes of Health (NIH) take the lead in expeditiously convening a panel of experts to create "living" guidelines that would be widely accessible and capable of frequent updating as important new information became available. The purpose of this article is to expand on the experiences of the NIH COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel (the Panel) over the past 4 years, summarize the Panel's final recommendations for COVID-19, highlight some challenges and unanswered questions about COVID-19 management, and inform future responses to public health emergencies. The Panel was formed in March 2020, and the first iteration of the guidelines was released in April 2020. Now that the public health emergency has ended, the NIH COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines have sunsetted. This role will now fall to professional societies and organizations, such as the American College of Physicians, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the World Health Organization, all of which have been active in this area.

The Support Hospital Opioid Use Disorder Treatment (SHOUT) Texas program implementation strategy for expanding treatment for hospitalized adults with opioid use disorder

IntroductionIn 2017, we launched the “B-Team” (buprenorphine team), the first hospitalist-led opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment program in Texas. Based on initial success, we obtained funding from Texas Health & Human Services to expand the model to other hospitals in Texas through the Support Hospital Opioid Use Disorder Treatment (SHOUT) Texas program. MethodsThis is a mixed methods study of the implementation of the SHOUT program, which is an OUD treatment intervention, in different hospitals in Texas. Our implementation approach combined training, tailoring, and technical assistance following the Replicating Effective Programs (REP) strategy with statewide telementoring delivered via Project ECHO. To evaluate the reach, adoption, and impact of SHOUT Texas, we assessed: 1) participating hospitals (adoption); 2) patients screened for OUD (impact); 3) patients started on medications for OUD (impact); 4) patients discharged with coordinated outpatient care (impact); 5) providers and staff trained via ECHO (reach); and 6) satisfaction with ECHO training (impact). Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders at expansion sites to identify strengths and weaknesses of the implementation strategy and supports and barriers to successful implementation. Rapid qualitative analysis was completed by a team of analysts who transcribed and summarized interviews to identify key domains of interest and emergent themes. ResultsBetween 2020 and 2023, the SHOUT Texas program expanded to three additional Texas hospital sites, resulting in 3065 hospitalized adult patients starting treatment for OUD. More than 2500 interprofessional clinicians (physicians, nurses, physician assistants, social workers) received SHOUT training regarding inpatient initiation of OUD treatment, with 241 attending at least one hour-long Project ECHO session. Eight key stakeholders at expansion sites were interviewed. Successful components of the SHOUT program included training resources, in-person launches, and collaboration with specialized addiction treatment subject matter experts. Challenges included identifying outpatient follow-up, pharmacy and medication constraints, and nursing education barriers. Interviews also identified lessons learned, advice to other hospitals, and next steps to build capacity. ConclusionsImplementation of the SHOUT Texas model across diverse hospital settings using REP and Project ECHO resulted in significant provider engagement and rapid increase in the number of patients initiating OUD treatment during hospitalization. Lessons learned from this novel approach may be applicable in other states, particularly those that have not expanded Medicaid.

Paradigm Shift of Social Work Profession: In Context of Indian Social Work Education

The social work profession is founded on a scientific understanding of human relations and aims to support individuals or groups in exercising their freedom and satisfaction within society. It began as a charitable endeavor and developed into a way to shed light on social issues and give people the confidence they needed to deal with life’s unexpected turns in a positive way. As a human services profession, social work addresses micro-to-macro-level societal issues and works to implement necessary reforms. The distinctive core values of social work education, along with its own methodological technique known as the basic along with the auxiliary methods, contribute to the creation of new opportunities for humankind. The development of a PSW (Professional Social Workers) competent cadre through social work education holds the potential to effect tangible changes in society and human existence. However, the main issues with social work education are the lack of originality in curricula and moral guidance for educators and practitioners. The PSWE (Professional Social Work Education) System is primarily related to training methodology, but there have been other issues with social work education as well, like outdated curricula, specialized courses that aren’t relevant, and improper fieldwork components. In order to prepare the next generation of PSW having the necessary knowledge, abilities, and attitudes, the current paper offers insights into the challenges facing PSWE. In order to produce more capable change agents, the paper attempts to shed light on the requirement to update the professional social work education training methodology. This paper also gives an overview of the PSWE development in India, sheds light on the true issues facing the field, and offers solutions for improving the field’s responsiveness to societal demands.

An insight on the last two decades of global research on animal tuberculosis: Bibliometric analysis

Abstract Animal tuberculosis is of global concern because of its economic and zoonotic importance. Bibliometric analysis is an important methodology used to analyze articles and other publications in literature. In this study, we performed quantitative studies on animal tuberculosis for the last two decades by March 2024. The data were retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) database. Statistical data were set for each studied item using the VOSviewer software, with a focus on the top ten results for each item. A total of 11,155 documents were finally included in the evaluation. Results revealed that author Vordermeier H.M. had the highest number of published papers (151, 1.35%), and the publications in 2021 (693, 6.21%) were at the forefront. The United States Department of Health and Human Services was the top funding agency (1093, 9.79%), and the USA was the top nation in publications (3137, 28.12%). The most publications were in English (10898, 97.69%) and the highest publications in WOS categories were collected from Veterinary Sciences (2588, 23.2%). Research articles were the most abundant form (9271, 83.11%). Citation meso indicated that tuberculosis and leprosy (6628, 59.4%) were the top and Elsevier was the main publisher (2577, 23.1%). The results of this bibliometric analysis indicate a growing number of studies on tuberculosis in animals, which reflects the re-emergence of the disease to an alarming degree. The results can help to establish the possible forthcoming plans for its prevention and control.

Determinants and predictors of Occupational Burnout syndrome among Residents Physicians

Background: The burnout syndrome has 3 dimensions; first is emotional exhaustion, second one is depersonalization, and third is low personal accomplishment. Work related burnout is increased nowadays and it becomes a serious problem affecting people who working in human services, particularly healthcare workers. This study aimed to: Determine the frequency of burnout syndrome and related factors among Salahaddin resident physicians. Subject and Method: A cross-sectional study , done from 11th of November 2021 to 15th of March 2022. A convenient sample of 100 resident and permanent doctors, working in Salahdin Public hospitals. Inclusion criteria were current residents doctor who had at least one year in a residency program. Data collected using interview questionnaire form based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: The 100 resident doctor information analyzed and found that 56(56%) , 44(44%) were male and female respectively. High frequency of the resident aged 26-30 years 68(68%), 75(75%) of them living in Salahdin, junior residents represent 52(52%) and 48(48%) were permanent resident. The high scores of occupational exhaustion was reported among 41(41%). The high scores of depersonalization / loss of empathy was reported among 42(42%). The low scores of personal accomplishment assessment scores was reported among 64(64%). Females 21(47.7%) had more occupational exhaustion than male doctors 20(35.7%). high score of depersonalization / loss of empathy reported among 22(39.3%) of the male and 20(45.5%) of the females. Conclusion: burnout frequency was high among Iraqi residents with high scores of occupational exhaustion, and depersonalization/ loss of empathy, and high percentage of low scores of personal accomplishment assessment.