Human Resource Capacity Research Articles

The impacts of Timor-Leste’s membership in the WTO:

The paper presents information about the significant impacts of Timor-Leste's membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) on institutional reforms, trade policy challenges, and the prospects for ASEAN membership. The paper explores the comprehensive institutional reforms required by WTO membership, emphasizing the harmonization of over 300 economic legislations with WTO standards. The paper also acknowledges that Timor-Leste encounters challenges, including opportunities for strengthening the capacity of human resource and further development of a comprehensive trade policy framework. Additionally, trade negotiations with ten WTO member states on market access for goods and services, including the Information Technology Agreement (ITA), were carefully considered as part of Timor-Leste's WTO commitments, with the expectation of smooth implementation upon the country's membership of the WTO. The study also discusses the use of tariff protectionism as a strategy to safeguard sensitive domestic industries in Timor-Leste, while remaining in compliance with WTO rules in the future.

Bridging the implementation gap for climate mitigation in ASEAN: a comprehensive capacity-building framework

PurposeThe paper systematically examines the capacity building needs of energy and climate stakeholders in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). It looks at conditions and opportunities for improvements in institutional, organisational, technological, innovation and financing capacities. This paper provides a guide to concrete capacity building programs and implementations to accelerate the implementation of National Determined Contributions (NDCs) and low-carbon energy transition in the ASEAN region.Design/methodology/approachThis paper proposes a comprehensive capacity-building framework, drawing on transition management theory and the interactive systems framework for capacity building. The assessment is based on interviews with representatives of the ministry responsible for energy policy and the ministry responsible for climate policy in each ASEAN country, as well as a survey among a broader set of Southeast Asian energy and climate experts from academia, think tanks and international development partners.FindingsThe paper identifies the priority areas for capacity building for each ASEAN country and the region as a whole. Each country has a unique set of needs and priorities. At the regional level, the widest capacity gaps were observed in institutional capacity, technical capacity, human resources capacity, financing capacity and the capacity to develop policy and legislation. Specific gaps for capacity building are discussed in delivering strategic areas of energy transition, such as electrification of transportation, development of the green supply chain, deploying renewable energy, energy efficiency, strengthening finance and investment and reducing dependencies on fossil fuels.Originality/valueThis paper helps fill the gap for detailed capacity needs analysis and facilitates long-term plans/strategies and their implementation. The insights help to increase ASEAN energy and climate stakeholders’ understanding of the interaction between energy and climate, therefore enhanced capability in developing more effective action maps and intervention points in achieving NDCs and sustainable development goals.

Enhancing clinical microbiology for genomic surveillance of antimicrobial resistance implementation in Africa.

Surveillance is essential in the fight against antimicrobial resistance (AMR), to monitor the extent of resistance, inform prevention, control measures, and evaluate intervention progress. Traditional surveillance methods based on phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility data offer important but limited insights into resistance mechanisms, transmission networks, and spread patterns of resistant bacterial strains. Fortunately, genomic technologies are increasingly accessible and can overcome these limitations. Genomics has the potential to advance traditional bacteriology in routine diagnosis and surveillance, it often relies on the initial isolation of bacterial strains from clinical specimens using conventional culture methods. Culture-based phenotypic characteristics are essential for making inferences about newly recognized genomic patterns. The Africa CDC Pathogen Genomics Initiative (Africa PGI) aims to enhance disease surveillance and public health partnerships through integrated, cross-continent laboratory networks equipped with the tools, human resource capacity and data infrastructure to fully leverage critical genomic sequencing technologies. For genomic surveillance of AMR, it is essential to optimize routine clinical microbiology laboratory services that are weak in many African countries. In this review, we outline shortcomings in clinical microbiology laboratories across Africa that compromise pathogen genomic epidemiology. We emphasize the necessity of investing in bacteriology and enhancing leadership capacity to fully capitalize on the advantages offered by genomic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance.

Decentralization of Power: Opportunities and Challenges for Regions

Focuses on the opportunities and challenges faced by regions in implementing regional autonomy in Indonesia. Decentralization, which is regulated in Article 18 of the 1945 Constitution and clarified through Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government, gives regional governments the authority to manage local affairs in the hope of increasing government efficiency and bringing public services closer to the community. However, its implementation faces a number of challenges, such as gaps in human resource capacity, disparities in development between regions, and coordination problems between the central and regional governments. This article uses a normative legal approach to explore how decentralization of power works within the framework of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), and identifies the opportunities offered by regional autonomy to encourage more equitable development. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening regional capacity, harmonizing central-regional policies, and effective supervision from the central government to ensure that decentralization can truly bring the expected benefits.

Optimalisasi Pelaksanaan Pemantauan dan Evaluasi Kinerja Penyelenggara Pelayanan Publik (PEKPPP) di Puskesmas Gunung Anyar

Optimizing the implementation of monitoring and evaluation of public service provider performance (PEKPPP) at Puskesmas Gunung Anyar is a crucial effort to enhance public health service quality. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study method to delve into the subject. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. Findings indicate the necessity of efficient management information system integration and enhanced human resource capacity. Additionally, active community participation in the evaluation process is crucial to improve responsiveness and accountability of Puskesmas. The research results show that the implementation of monitoring and evaluation at the Gunung Anyar Community Health Center still faces various challenges, including limited human resources, lack of training, and minimal use of information technology. To overcome this obstacle, it is recommended to increase human resource capacity through regular training, develop an integrated management information system, and increase community participation in the evaluation process. Implementation of this strategy is expected to increase the effectiveness of performance monitoring and evaluation, which in turn will improve the quality of health services at the Gunung Anyar Community Health Center. This study provides important insights for policy makers in formulating better policies for managing health services at the Puskesmas level.

The Impact of the Formation of Petroleum Fund Policy on the Sustainability of Oil and Gas Activities in Indonesia

Business activities in the oil and gas sector certainly require high costs from upstream to downstream. From upstream to downstream of Indonesian oil and gas, the gap between production and consumption is getting wider, namely 616 thousand BOPD production and 1,471 MBOPD consumption and refinery capacity is still below the consumption figure, namely 1,151 million barrels per day. The need for high costs can be minimized by establishing a policy called the Petroleum Fund. This Petroleum Fund is taken from state revenues from the oil and gas sector for specific purposes to ensure the sustainability of oil and gas activities for future generations. Petroleum funds, especially in Indonesia, can be used for several important things such as investment capital on the upstream side to increase potential reserve status. On the downstream side, it can be used to increase refinery capacity so that fuel oil imports decrease. The fluctuating nature of oil prices is certainly a threat that must be overcome, this is anticipated by forming this policy so that fuel prices remain affordable for the public. Then efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions become an important thing that must be achieved by oil and gas companies as well as increasing human resource capacity in areas around the oil and gas industry.

Disclosure of Transparency, Accountability and Value for Money Concept in Public Sector Financial Management: A Systematic Literature Review

This study aims to examine the implementation of transparency, accountability, and the concept of value for money in public sector financial management. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), selecting relevant articles from the Scopus database published, the research identifies these principles as crucial in enhancing efficiency, effectiveness, and public trust. The results indicate that transparency and accountability play a crucial role in improving public financial governance and significantly contribute to enhanced financial management efficiency and public trust. The concept of value for money, focusing on efficiency, economy, and effectiveness, is essential in ensuring that each budget expenditure provides maximum benefits and proves beneficial in optimizing budget use. However, challenges such as a lack of information transparency, public involvement, and regulatory constraints remain obstacles to its implementation. Therefore, improving the quality of financial information systems and strengthening human resources capacity are essential for achieving better public financial management and enhancing public service quality.

PELATIHAN AKUNTANSI PERANGKAT DESA GUNA PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DI DESA KADUAGUNG BARAT, BANTEN

Village funds are a form of government attention in providing opportunities to villages as an effort to maintain their potential. The use of village funds is directed at financing development and community empowerment with the aim of improving the welfare of village communities, the quality of human life and overcoming poverty. However, the amount of village funds needs to be balanced with increasing the capacity of Human Resources, namely village officials as managers of village funds. The low quality of Human Resources will ultimately give rise to community concerns regarding the management of village funds whose placement is used for other things that are not in accordance with the initial objectives. The aim of this Community Service activity is to provide training to partners, in this case Kaduanggung village officials, Banten, especially regarding: (1) Understanding accounting concepts, especially regarding village funds, and (2) Understanding the importance of transparency in financial management . This service activity is planned as an ongoing program, so that at the end of the assistance it is hoped that village officials will have full awareness regarding accounting records in managing village funds, and have records that are in accordance with accounting principles. Apart from that, to realize healthy village fund governance, active community participation is needed in carrying out supervision. The implementation of this service consists of several stages of activities, namely socialization, consultation and mentoring, formation of a village finance team, to ongoing evaluation and monitoring. The feedback and evaluation carried out is in the form of ongoing monitoring related to the recording carried out in the use of village funds.

Peranan Pengelolaan Keuangan sebagai Pertanggungjawaban dalam Pembelanjaan Dana Desa Sesuai Standar Akuntansi Pemerintah di Desa Bah Jambi III Kecamatan Tanah Jawa Kabupaten Simalungun

This study aims to identify and describe the Role of Financial Management as Accountability in Spending Village Funds According to Government Accounting Standards in Bah Jambi III Village, Tanah Jawa District, Simalungun Regency. Method The approach in this research is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The data sources used are primary data obtained by interviews and direct observation and secondary data obtained from related documents. The research location is located in Bah Jambi III Village, Tanah Jawa District, Simalungun Regency. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The village financial management mechanism is regulated in Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages which explains that there are 5 cycles of financial management mechanisms, namely. planning, implementation, administration, reporting, accountability. (2) While the obstacles faced by the village government are low human resource capacity, disbursement of village funds, government. (3) In Application of Government Accounting Standards No. 01 in village financial accountability. Reporting and financial accountability have not implemented Government Accounting Standards No. 01, because the Financial Report for accountability made by Bah Jambi III Village

Climate change vulnerability assessment for adaptation planning in Uttarakhand, Indian Himalaya

Climate change vulnerability estimation at all spatial scales is imperative for the development of effective adaptation strategies in the biogeographically fragile Himalayan region. This study aims to estimate district-wise climate change vulnerability in the state of Uttarakhand for the year 2022 by integrating climatic, environmental, and socio-economic factors. Employing an integrated approach, nine components (climate change, natural disaster, ecosystem services, agriculture, socio-economic status, human resource capacity, infrastructure, basic facilities, and social/natural capital) incorporating a total of 63 indicators, are used to estimate exposure (E), sensitivity (S), adaptive capacity (AC) and the vulnerability of the study area. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to assess the suitability and weights of all the indicators. The findings show that middle (1400–2400 m a.s.l.) and higher (>2400 m a.s.l.) districts of the state are more vulnerable (−0.68 to −1.50) than lower (1–1400 m a.s.l.) districts (0.16 to −0.26). Based on the vulnerability index (−0.68 to −1.50), five districts-Uttarkashi, Rudraprayag, Chamoli, Champawat, Pithoragarh, and Bageshwar are identified as priority districts for adaptation planning. The high vulnerability is primarily attributed to increased exposure to excessive precipitation, cold waves, cloudbursts, and flood events, coupled with high ecosystem sensitivity and low adaptive capacity. In contrast, the lower districts of the state benefit from better infrastructure, social and natural capital, and connectivity, which contribute to low vulnerability. The suggested strategies in the present study would help policymakers to allocate resources efficiently, fostering long-term resilience to climate change and sustainable development.

Village Asset Management Policy Implementation In Galagamba Village, Ciwaringin District, Cirebon Regency

This study aims to analyze the management of village assets in Galagamba Village, Ciwaringin District, Regency. In the context of village development, effective asset management is essential to improve community welfare. The research method used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches, with data collection through in-depth interviews, questionnaires, observation, and document analysis. The results showed that village asset management still faces various challenges, including low community participation, weak accountability, and lack of transparency in asset information management. In addition, many assets are poorly inventoried and in need of repair. The impact of this suboptimal management is seen in the social and environmental welfare of the community. Based on the findings, it is recommended to increase the capacity of human resources, open space for community participation, and apply the principle of transparency in asset management. This research provides important insights for village governments in formulating more effective and sustainable policies for village asset management in the future.

The Effect of Leadership Style and Work Environment on Employee Performance at Alila Ubud

Hotels are able to significantly increase profits by optimizing the capacity of human resources (HR). Poor employee performance has a negative impact on the company, including laziness in completing work, lack of work achievement, and employee discipline. This study has a mission to assess the impact of leadership style and work environment on employee performance at Alila Ubud. This study used a qualitative approach with a saturated sampling technique, involving 120 respondents as the sample. Data was collected through surveys distributed to respondents. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression methods, t-test, f-test, and coefficient of determination. The study results state that 64% of employee performance is driven by leadership style and work environment, while the remaining 31% is driven by other factors not analyzed in this study.

Strengthening Collaborative Governance in the Department of Transportation: Implementation and Enforcement Levies

This article explores the strengthening of collaborative governance within Indonesia's Department of Transportation, focusing on the implementation and enforcement of levies. It highlights the integration of diverse stakeholders, including government bodies, private sector entities, and civil society, to create a more effective levy management system. However, a lack of collaboration between the Palembang city government and the local community has hindered the effectiveness of levies. Key strategies for improvement include promoting transparency, shared decision-making, and the use of innovative technologies. The study underscores the importance of trust and accountability among stakeholders to enhance compliance and enforcement. In Palembang, the capital of South Sumatra Province, transportation and traffic management challenges necessitate the effective implementation of levies. Employing a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, the research reveals that collaborative efforts between local governments, the private sector, and the community are essential, despite challenges such as limited resources and community resistance. The findings suggest that while collaborative governance can improve the effectiveness of levy enforcement, it requires commitment and active participation from all parties. Recommendations include enhancing human resource capacity, strengthening regulatory frameworks, and raising public awareness of the importance of levies for regional revenue. This study also aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in improving infrastructure, fostering sustainable cities (SDG 11), and promoting effective partnerships (SDG 17).

Program Edukasi untuk Peningkatan Keterampilan Administrasi Logistik Unit Food di PT Sekar Bumi Tbk

This service outlines the implementation of an educational program aimed at improving the logistics administration skills of the food unit at PT Sekar Bumi Tbk. Through training needs analysis, comprehensive counseling, and training methods that include theory and practice, this program has succeeded in significantly improving employees' technical and soft skills. The evaluation results show a reduction in errors in managing logistics administration, goods release and goods entry transactions, receiving finished products from the packing team, and following the loading process for local and export shipments. In addition, establishing a culture of collaboration and continuous learning among employees creates an innovative work environment. Thus, this educational program not only strengthens human resource capacity, but also increases the competitiveness of PT Sekar Bumi Tbk in the increasingly competitive frozen food industry, preparing employees to face future challenges more prepared and responsive.

Agile Governance Public Information Management at the Communication, Informatics, and Statistics Service of Riau Province

This study aims to analyze the implementation of agile governance in public information management at the Riau Province Communication, Informatics and Statistics Service (Diskominfotik). Agile governance is a governance approach that emphasizes flexibility, responsiveness, and rapid collaboration in providing public services. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with an explanatory approach. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and document studies analyzed using Nvivo 14 software. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of agile governance at Diskominfotik Riau is still faced with a number of obstacles, including limited knowledge and capacity of human resources (HR) in understanding the concept and a bureaucratic structure that does not fully support flexibility. In addition, performance evaluations that are not yet based on quick wins slow down the adaptation process. Nevertheless, Diskominfotik Riau has utilized various digital platforms to provide access to public information, although improvements need to be made in terms of responsiveness and timeliness of service. Recommendations from this study include increasing training for HR, implementing a more flexible governance model, and periodic evaluations based on short-term results. The implementation of agile governance is expected to improve the quality of public services and strengthen public trust in government transparency.

The acceptance of social media as a channel of communication and livestock information for sheep farmers

Abstract The development of technology and information in the Industry 4.0 era, especially the internet, is experiencing very rapid progress. Searching for information through new media will increase human resource capacity and work efficiency. Using technology acceptance model (TAM) theory, this study aims to identify social media usage as a communication and information medium and analyze the influence between constructs in social media acceptance. A cross-sectional survey was used in this study design. A structured questionnaire from previous related studies was used as the instrument. One hundred and eleven sheep farmers from several villages in Sukabumi, West Java groups, participated in this survey. Stratified sampling was adopted to select and interview the respondents. The findings show that social media usage as a channel for communication and livestock information is quite adequate. Many farmers already use WhatsApp and YouTube. However, only a few farmers use Facebook and Instagram. The results of the TAM analysis (limited to only the WhatsApp application) indicate that perceived ease of use positively influences perceived usefulness (PU). A positive relationship is also shown between PU and behavioral intention to use. The theoretical implication is that this study proves how social media adopts in disseminating messages and seeking information. Regarding managerial implications, the findings suggest that stakeholders in the agricultural industry across the value chain could enhance their services by fostering a broader ecosystem of social media applications.

The Adaptive Approach In Digital Transformation of Primary Education: Implementation of Digitalization In Elementary Schools In Maluku

This article aims to analyze and explore the challenges faced by elementary schools in Maluku in the disruptive era, particularly regarding education transformation oriented towards digitalization. The significant changes in the education sector require elementary schools to not only focus on system innovation but also on shifting the mindset of educators in managing educational services and learning processes. This research uses a qualitative method, with a descriptive approach through in-depth interviews, observation, and literature reviews. The study found that the utilization of digital technology in elementary schools in Maluku faces various challenges, including limited infrastructure, insufficient human resource readiness, and resistance to change. However, adaptation to the disruptive era is inevitable, making it essential for schools in Maluku to immediately design effective strategies for implementing holistic digitalization. The research findings highlight the urgency of educational transformation in Maluku, where the success of digitalization largely depends on the mental readiness and skills of educational implementers. The study also shows that optimal digital transformation efforts will support the improvement of education quality amid global challenges. This article recommends developing human resource capacity and providing adequate technological infrastructure as strategic steps for advancing education in island regions. Hence, this article contributes new insights to social sciences and humanities studies, particularly in the context of elementary education digitalization in remote areas.

은행업 종사자의 직무수행능력이 잡크래프팅에 미치는 영향 : 자기개발욕구의 매개효과를 중심으로

This study aims to provide a direction for human resource management as part of the crisis response plan for the Korean banking industry in response to the rapidly changing industrial structure. The study aimed to verify the causal relationship between interpersonal skills and problem-solving skills among job performance abilities and job crafting among banking industry workers, and to examine the mediating effect of self-development desire between job performance abilities and job crafting. For this study, a questionnaire was administered to 260 employees of domestic commercial banks, and the collected survey data was analyzed using SPSS (Ver. 24.0). As a result of this analysis, first, the interpersonal skills of banking workers were found to have a positive (+) effect on job crafting, second, the problem-solving skills of banking workers were found to have a positive (+) effect on job crafting, third, the desire for self-development was found to have a significant complete mediating effect between interpersonal skills and job crafting, and fourth, the desire for self-development was found to have a significant partial mediating effect between problem-solving skills and job crafting. The implications of this study are as follows: First, it is necessary to enhance interpersonal skills and problem-solving skills, which are sub-components of the job performance ability of banking workers, and to promote job crafting to improve innovation and efficiency in the banking industry; second, it is necessary to strengthen the human resource capacity of the organization by providing self-development programs that improve interpersonal skills and problem-solving skills; and third, it is necessary to create an organizational culture that encourages employees to activate job crafting by enhancing the desire for voluntary self-development among banking workers, as job crafting can contribute not only to individual growth but also to innovation and performance improvement of the organization. This study has academic distinction in that it conducted research on job crafting by limiting the research subjects to banking workers, clarified the causal relationship between the research subjects’ job performance ability and job crafting, and verified the mediating effect of the desire for self-development between job performance ability and job crafting, thereby providing implications.

NARRATIVE REVIEW: INCIDENCE, CAUSES AND INTERVENTION STRATEGIES OF MEDICATION ERRORS TO IMPROVE CHEMOTHERAPY SERVICES IN HOSPITALS

Medication errors (MEs) are medication errors that have the potential to harm patients during treatment or care. Cancer care is a complex and interconnected system and many errors can be catastrophic. ME in antineoplastic drugs have the potential to cause permanent injury and even death. Evaluation measures of ME incidence in Indonesia are still not optimally carried out, thus leading to the need for a good understanding of the potential ME incidence, especially in cancer patient care. A good understanding of the incidence of medication errors will encourage preventive efforts against the potential occurrence of ME. This narrative review aims to provide information related to the incidence of ME in the Chemotherapy department at the hospital, the causative factors, and the handling and prevention efforts. Scientific information searches were conducted on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for the period 2012-2022. The results showed that the incidence of ME mostly occurred in the prescription phase, namely in the form of dosage errors (45–59.3%), incomplete prescriptions (43–45.5%), drug frequency errors (30.4%), and errors in patient name, age, and diagnosis data (22.5%). Several aspects contributing to the occurrence of ME were identified, including work procedures, staff, organizational systems, and staff understanding of medication regimens. This study concluded that there is a need to regulate and evaluate several aspects, including work procedures, availability of auxiliary systems, and increasing the capacity of human resources involved. This may prevent the occurrence of ME.

Village Government's Role in Advancing Agricultural Development Through Supportive Policies

Background: Indonesia, a tropical country with rich agricultural potential, faces challenges in optimizing its agricultural sector. Specific Background: Despite significant contributions to the economy and employment, issues like low human resource capacity and dependency on food imports hinder productivity. Knowledge Gap: The role of village governments in facilitating agricultural development, particularly in rural areas like Grabagan Village, remains underexplored. Aims: This study analyzes the village government's role in agricultural development in Grabagan Village, focusing on key success indicators. Results: Findings indicate that the village government functions effectively as a facilitator, mobilizer, and regulator, yet faces challenges in resource mobilization and farmer engagement. Novelty: This research enhances understanding of local governance's influence on agricultural outcomes. Implications: The study highlights the need for improved collaboration between the village government and farmers to optimize resource allocation and align agricultural initiatives with local needs for sustainable development. Highlights: The village government serves as a crucial facilitator in agricultural initiatives, providing necessary infrastructure and budget support. Effective mobilization of resources and farmer involvement in planning processes are essential for enhancing agricultural productivity. Addressing challenges in local governance can significantly improve sustainable agricultural development in rural areas. Keywords: Village Government, Agricultural, Farmer Empowerment, Facilitation, Mobilization