Human Relations Research Articles

The Influence of Experiential Learning on Self-Confidence, Communication, Human Relations and Leadership in the State Civil Apparatus in Indonesia

The Influence of Experiential Learning on Self-Confidence, Communication, Human Relations and Leadership in the State Civil Apparatus in Indonesia

Job Burnout Among Female Teachers in Saudi Primary Schools

This study investigates job burnout among female primary school teachers in Saudi Arabia, a relatively under-researched area in the region. It employs a structured questionnaire focusing on three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, Human relations, and Diminished Personal Accomplishment. The findings highlight a significant prevalence of emotional exhaustion, the most acute form of burnout experienced by these teachers. This high level of emotional fatigue is attributed to the demanding nature of their profession, societal expectations of women, and ongoing changes in the education sector. While diminished personal accomplishment receives a moderate rating, indicating challenges, human relations are managed effectively, likely influenced by cultural and religious norms emphasising respectful interaction. The study also examines the impact of social status and student gender on burnout. It concludes that social status doesn’t significantly affect burnout levels, but there’s notable higher burnout among female teachers who solely teach boys. Additionally, burnout varies with teaching experience, potentially due to differences in workload. This research contributes to understanding job burnout in female primary school teachers, emphasising the need for supportive measures in education.

DO SOCIAL MEDIA UNDERMINE STRUCTURES? RETHINKING THE STRUCTURE-AGENCY DEBATE

The study reconsiders the structure-agency debate in a world dominated by internetisation and social media. To answer the question of whether social media weaken the structures embedded in societies, four phenomena are analysed: Dissemination and control of information are the main areas of conflict between actors and structures. The cyber public sphere has emerged as social media has become an important medium for shaping public opinion. Cyber activism, which has made important strides in moving political networks into the virtual world, has become an alternative to activism in the physical world. As individuals engage in human relations in virtual world just as in physical world, cyber identity has entered our lives. The study’s main finding is that although structures have developed new strategies and instruments to monitor, control and regulate the cyber world; social media continues to be a ground that increases the capacity of agencies for actors against structures.

“Through the looking glass: envisioning new library technologies” A glimpse into the future of augmented reality

Purpose By better understanding the trends around augmented reality (AR) information professionals will be better able to take an active role as it emerges. Design/methodology/approach This column will examine trends in AR through the lens of three products that have recently been presented to journalists by Snap, Meta and Apple. Findings This column highlights the technical hurdles to creating mainstream AR experiences, and underscores how large technology companies are invested in overcoming them due to larger strategic goals, such as escaping the closed ecosystem of app development and creating meaningful AI experiences on phones. Originality/value This column underscores the importance of AR, as a technology that is core to libraries mission. AR will enable digital information to be layered onto physical reality which can change human relationship to both abstract information as well as the physical objects such as books and libraries that are important to the profession.

Dogs on Film: Status, Representation, and the Canine Characters Test

The representation of animals in cinema and television reflects and reinforces dominant ideologies and traditional stereotypes. While popular culture often legitimizes prevailing social norms and existing power relations, it can also reflect shifting cultural attitudes about traditional axes of inequality such as race, gender, class, sexual orientation, disability, and species. Representations of canine characters incidentally embedded in family life provide a unique lens through which to consider the evolving cultural and legal status of dogs and their place in multispecies families. This article introduces a Canine Characters Test, similar to the Bechdel Test used to measure the representation of women in movies, to critically evaluate the representation of dogs in film and television. Applying the test and its four criteria—Role in Narrative, Agency, Language, and Animality—to two examples, this article argues that portrayals that pass the test support a positive shift in social norms regarding dog–human relationships, which in turn bolsters efforts to elevate dogs’ status under the law. Benevolent speciesism, authenticity, and problematic tropes such as vanishing, ornamental, and miraculous canines are also discussed.

Ethical practice in participant-centred linguistic research

Abstract This article outlines ethical principles for ‘participant-centred linguistic research’ (PCLR), a term we coin to incorporate a range of linguistic research approaches that place importance on the involvement of participants. Linguistics, as a field, has strengthened its focus on participant-centred and socially situated research, recognising the value of better understanding our participants’ practices and linguistic knowledge. However, this also brings ethical challenges for our research practice. Drawing on three differing UK-based case studies from the authors’ own work, the article explores complex issues that can arise during PCLR and establishes four key principles that cut across our varied experiences. Firstly, we address participant consent and confidentiality, establishing the principles: 1. Informed consent and ethics protocols are dialogic processes and 2. Expectations around confidentiality and anonymity can shift during a project. Secondly, we address our research relationships with participants, our key principles being: 3. The researcher-participant relationship is complex and variable and 4. Close attention must be paid to power dynamics within the research setting. Ultimately, we argue that the human interactions and relationships involved in PCLR mean research may inevitably be somewhat unpredictable; researchers therefore need an understanding of the ethical parameters of their practice to navigate these complexities.

Simultaneously inhabited lifeworlds: A phenomenological approach to understanding peace and conflict

This article seeks to show the value of a phenomenological lens in understanding conflict-affected societies. In particular, it uses a phenomenological lens to unpack how individuals and communities simultaneously inhabit a number of lifeworlds as part of navigating through life in conflict-affected contexts. A lifeworlds approach, and its emphasis on the micro-dynamics of everyday life, sheds light on the apparent contradictions experienced and lived in conflict-affected contexts. The article utilises Van Manen’s four-part framework of ‘existentials’: lived space (spatiality), lived body (corporeality), lived time (temporality) and lived human relations (relationality or communality) to show how people construct lifeworlds that hold contradictions. In one reading, these contradictions help perpetuate division. In another reading, this ability to inhabit multiple and often contradictory lifeworlds represents everyday diplomacy or a non-escalatory conflict management that allows society to function, even in a dysfunctional way. The article draws on detailed and highly localised research in Colombia, Lebanon and Northern Ireland.

Beyond Swipes and Scores: Investigating Practices, Challenges and User-Centered Values in Online Dating Algorithms

The reliability of online dating algorithms has sparked considerable debate, particularly regarding skepticism about their excessive emphasis on evaluating and getting evaluated, which often overshadows the quest for authentic romantic connections. To understand the multifaceted influence of dating algorithms on end-users and explore avenues for algorithmic features considering the dynamics of human relationships, we conducted a mixed-methods study comprising in-depth interviews (N = 22) and a metaphoric co-design workshop (N = 12) with active users of online dating platforms. Interviews revealed that users perceive and respond to algorithmic evaluations with varied perceptions and behaviors, often expressing concerns about the emotional burden of constant self-presentation and the pursuit of quantitative assessments over genuine connections. In the design workshop, users envisioned desired algorithmic features to overcome investigated challenges, such as prioritizing personal values, tailored matchmaking, and support for personal growth in relationships. This research contributes to unraveling the complex dynamics of human-algorithm interaction in the context of online dating. By aligning algorithmic functions more closely with user desires and relationship goals, this study paves the way for more meaningful and authentic connections in the digital dating landscape.

The Problem of Perception in Sandor Márai’s Embers: An Advaitic Study

This article attempts to study the problem of perception in Sandor Márai’s celebrated novel Embers from the standpoint of the pramana (a method of knowledge) of Advaita Vedanta. An epistemic problem, the problem of perception, concerns the overwhelming questions of life, culminating in an enigmatic amalgamation of dilemmas and paradoxes. Genuine dilemmas and paradoxes problematize human relationships, which is evident in the complex narrative of Embers. Our contention in this article is to show how, even though enacted within the periphery of the purely fictional, Embers bears testimony to the complexities of life that are quickened by the limits of human perception, which keeps one from seeing how things really are by creating a shadow or reflected consciousness. Set against the backdrop of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the novel opens up a dialogic space at the intersection of a triangular relationship enacted on the threshold of perception and its multidimensional problems.

Ocean literacy research community: co-identifying gaps and priorities to advance the UN Ocean Decade

IntroductionThe overarching goal of the UN Ocean Decade is to “change humanity's relationship with the ocean.” While this may be a challenge, it is, at the same time, a once in a generation opportunity. How can 8 billion people, including those who don't live near coastal areas, be inspired to value and care for the ocean? This is the essence of ocean literacy, and the driver of ocean literacy research (OLR).MethodsIn 2021, we began a research initiative to co-create a global OLR agenda by the developing OLR community, to better understand existing research themes, gaps, future priorities, actions, and impacts of ocean literacy initiatives. To deliver this, a series of virtual workshops – with the first taking place as part of the UN Ocean Decade Laboratories – was complemented by a participatory methodology using digital survey and mapping tools for crowdsourced collaboration.Results and discussionThrough this process, four initial OLR priorities were identified, including measuring ocean literacy, the role of ocean literacy as a policy mechanism, and alignment of OLR with climate change and the blue economy agendas. Finally, a working definition of OLR was developed to further guide OLR priorities for the UN Ocean Decade and beyond.

Bibliometric Mapping of Dating Violence in Scopus and Web of Science

Introduction: Dating violence is a complex and multifaceted problem that affects people around the world. The objective was to evaluate the scientific production on dating violence in the Scopus and Web Of Science databases. Method: Scoping review was used as a method to analyze manuscripts in indexed journals. The search equations were designed with Boolean terms and operators. For the analysis of co-occurrences between authors and keywords, the Biblioshyni package was used. Results: The study covered the last 10 years, included 3077 publications from 735 journals, with a citation rate of 20.65 per document. 10499 authors participated, 92.95% of these were original articles and the most prominent authors are Miller E., Gibbs A., Decker M.R., and Silverman J.G., with the United States leading in production (49.89%). The Journal of Interpersonal Violence was the most prolific journal with 403 papers. Important thematic clusters were identified, such as violence in young couples, risk factors and interpersonal relationships, and aggression, in addition, an evolution from the approach of human and sexual relationships and violence in women was evidenced. The collaborative network showed strong connections between key authors such as Silverman, Miller, McCauley, Campbell, Stockman, Jewkes, and Gibbs. Conclusions: International collaboration and the concentration of studies in high-impact journals, mainly in the United States, underscore the need for multidisciplinary and culturally adapted approaches to effectively address and prevent dating violence. Received: 11 July 2024 / Accepted: 1 November 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024

Writing Life, Writing Time, Writing the Mother

This article focuses on Ernaux’s later life memories of a twentieth century daughter-mother relationship, rendered in the light of this era’s historical transformations and its tensions between individual freedom and collective "fate," and between pre- and post 1968 conceptions of a fulfilled life. It refers to Ernaux’s most monumental work of self-writing, Les Années (2008) and this book’s links to what she has previously written in remembrance of her mother. The purpose is to investigate how these works seek to come to terms with, not only the loss of a mother, but also the narrator’s own aging. Ernaux exemplifies the adult daughter-senescent mother relationship in ways that are characteristic for her generation of women and suggestive of general historical changes in human relationships in Western societies since 1968. Can Ernaux’s writing provide, in the terms of Kathleen Woodward, “cultural models of older women as a way of generating alternative futures for ourselves”? Or does it fail to reconciliate the stereotypical binary of female aging as either graceful or awful, conveying tabooed aspects of old age that need to be brought to light, and even more urgently so in a socio-cultural context privileging youthfulness, individualism and uncertain human bonds? Keywords: Annie Ernaux, The Years; aging daughter-mother relationship; filiation narratives; auto-socio-biography; memory and time; autonomy and dependency; social exclusion; abjection and purification.

Three Rival Versions of Markets and the Common Good: Spontaneous, Instituted, and Civil

AbstractHow do markets principally contribute to society, and do they all contribute in the same ways? The logic of common and private goods provides much-needed clarity in grappling with the constitution and contribution of markets. The root challenge of the market is that impersonal private exchange cannot directly promote any common goods, so it appears only capable of promoting the flourishing of society “by accident,” as it were. As responses, the “spontaneous” approach regards both markets and politics as unintended orders of private ends, while a “instituted” model subordinates thin exchange to the thick communal goals of sustaining politics, and the “civil” economy claims that market exchange is itself a form of fraternal solidarity around common goods. All three rival models capture some exchange contexts, but none works for all markets. I advocate a meta stance of “market pluralism,” acknowledging that different markets’ moral architectures could match any of the three models, in line with empirical findings that different industries and market systems vary significantly in their modes of coordination, human relations, and major objectives.

Media frames, AI romantic relationships, and the perspectives of people in relationships; mapping and comparing news media themes with user perspectives

ABSTRACT Human romantic relationships with artificially intelligent (AI) conversational agents and anthropomorphic computers have long been the realm of science fiction. As companies like Luka, Inc. are developing embodied conversational agents called Replika, people’s ability to engage in romantic relationships has garnered news coverage around the phenomenon. Because news is often a place where emerging technologies are first introduced, it is essential to understand the choice of topics and themes these stories focus on (e.g., the ethics of technological development, human desires and vulnerabilities, and what constitutes meaningful and authentic connection). Similarly, the extent to which these articles include user perspectives and how users respond to these frames is also less well understood. This article reports on a mixed-method study that combines content analysis of news articles in 2023 about Replika (1008 search results, n = 104 unique articles) and qualitative semi-structured interviews with users in romantic relationships with their Replika (n = 16), recruited from the Reddit forum ‘ILoveMyReplika.’ Through a frame analysis of these news stories and coding for the types of futures they present, this study first examines some of the key events, themes, and hopes/fears reported in mass media. A thematic analysis of the interview data offers a comparative study to see where there is some overlap between these hopes/fears and user experiences and places where user reports diverge, downplay, and dispute the media characterizations. These studies help us better understand the interrelationship between media narratives, technological frames, and moral panics around a unique subset of and relationship with AI technologies.

Book Review: The Artifice of Intelligence: Divine and Human Relationship in a Robotic Age by Noreen Herzfeld

Book Review: <i>The Artifice of Intelligence: Divine and Human Relationship in a Robotic Age</i> by Noreen Herzfeld

Employability on vocational high school students in the ”3T” area Bawean Island

Vocational high schools in ”3T” area on Bawean Island have limitations in human resources quality, equipment, production or practice tools, and industrial partnership, which differed from the vocational high schools located in advanced and developed areas. This research objective is to discover the description of employability to the vocational high school students in ”3T” area in Bawean island. The research method applied was the qualitative method using the phenomenology approach. The data collection was obtained through semi-structured interviews. This research participant was eight students at vocational high school "X," "Y," "Z," and "W" schools in Bawean Island, which is one of the ”3T” area. The analysis method in this research was content analysis. This research result shows that students in the ”3T” area were showing their effort to prepare themselves in facing the job market by enhancing their employability in learning activities within the class or practice in the laboratory. The students' employability includes skills, knowledge, comprehension, personality, career identity, social and human relations, and personal adaptability. Students realize that they are in the "3T" area and must work harder to improve their work skills so as not to lose their jobs.

Associations of objective and subjective relative deprivation with health, happiness, and life satisfaction

BackgroundRelative deprivation is a critical mechanism for understanding how income inequality affects mental health. However, few studies have compared the effects of objective and subjective relative deprivation on health outcomes. This study compared how objective and subjective relative deprivation and their interaction relate to human flourishing measures, including health, happiness, life satisfaction, social relationships, and financial stability. MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed data from 1,592 adults in Taiwan. The objective and subjective relative deprivation were measured using the Yitzhaki Index and the Personal Relative Deprivation Scale-Revised (PRDS-R), respectively. We conducted least-squares regression models to investigate the associations between these relative deprivation measures and human flourishing outcomes. ResultsThe correlation between the Yitzhaki Index and PRDS-R was 0.16 (p < 0.001). After controlling for absolute income and covariates, the regression models showed that objective and subjective relative deprivation was negatively associated with all six human flourishing outcomes. Notably, subjective relative deprivation is strongly associated with outcomes than objective relative deprivation. Also, the Yitzhaki Index remained adversely associated with all human flourishing outcomes after accounting for the PRDS-R. Furthermore, the interaction between the Yitzhaki Index and PRDS-R was associated with additional risks to well-being, particularly affecting health, happiness, life satisfaction, and financial stability. ConclusionBoth objective and subjective relative deprivation were negatively associated with multiple dimensions of human flourishing. Policies aimed at addressing relative deprivation and reducing income inequality could contribute to higher levels of health, happiness, life satisfaction, social relationships, and economic stability.

Differing Eco-Phenomenological Discourses in Amitav Ghosh's Ecological Realism and Timothy Morton's Dark Ecology

This paper explores the contrasting yet complementary eco-phenomenological discourses in Amitav Ghosh’s ecological realism and Timothy Morton’s dark ecology. Both thinkers offer crucial insights into the Anthropocene, but they do so from different perspectives. Ghosh, through his historical materialist framework, focuses on the socio-political, historical, and colonial forces driving the current ecological crises. His ecological realism reflects the entanglement of human and non-human histories and advocates for a literary realism that incorporates the agency of nature. Morton, on the other hand, embraces post-humanist philosophies, specifically object-oriented ontology, to develop his concept of "dark ecology"—a framework that highlights the inherent strangeness, ambiguity, and uncanniness of the natural world. Morton introduces the notion of hyperobjects, entities like climate change that are too vast and complex to be fully comprehended by humans. This paper argues that despite their differences, both Ghosh and Morton challenge anthropocentric thinking and offer radical reconfigurations of humanity's relationship with the natural world. By placing their theories in dialogue, this paper underscores the importance of embracing both historical materialist and ontological perspectives to address the ecological challenges of the Anthropocene.

Ethnographic Study: The Choice of Place and Birth Attendants from the Socio-Cultural Perspective in the Tunjung Benuaq Dayak Tribe

WHO recommends Skill Birth Attendants (SBA) for all births. Around 50 million mothers in developing countries give birth at home without the help of medical personnel. The trust in traditional birth attendants (TBA), meaning that social and cultural influences still strongest. Objective: to analyze the choice of place and birth attendants in the Tunjung Benuaq Dayak Tribe through a socio-cultural perspective in the working area of the Barong Tongkok Community Health Center. Methodology: Qualitative Design with Ethnographic study using the Rapid Ethnographic Assessment Procedure (REAP) method. Snowball sampling is a variation of Purposive Sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 informants. Data analysis uses Thematic analysis. Results: The Tunjung Benuaq Dayak tribe upholds the values of balance and harmonization regarding human relationships with God, human and the environment. They developed local cultures based on complementary belief systems. There is a positive acceptance of science. The local wisdom of Santaap, eating a small portion of the food served, illustrates that they can accept little of knowledge. Customs are still maintained in the birthing process which is carried out by village shamans who are highly trusted by the community. They make the rituals, belief in myths (tempuunt), the existence of spirits who guard and interfere with the birthing process. Conclusion: Socio-cultural values such as trust, knowledge, and customs are very strong guidelines for the Tunjung Benuaq Dayak tribe in choosing a place and birth attendant. Suggestion: preservation of culture and customs that are still considered good in childbirth practices is highly desirable.

Human Relationship Management to Enhance Organizational Performance through Effective Communication and Team Collaboration

The research explores the role of Human Relationship Management (HRM) in enhancing organizational performance through effective communication and team collaboration. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how structured communication and well-managed collaboration can positively impact productivity and project completion. The methodology used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), analyzing relevant studies from 2019 to 2024. The results indicate that structured communication increases organizational productivity by 30%, while effective team collaboration accelerates project completion by 20%. Additionally, HRM implementation can reduce internal conflicts by 15%, contributing to improved efficiency. The major conclusion is that HRM significantly enhances organizational performance by fostering a productive and harmonious work environment. This study contributes to the field by offering practical guidelines for organizations to adopt HRM strategies that emphasize communication and collaboration. The findings also provide a solid theoretical foundation, aligning with established theories on social interaction, team collaboration, and conflict management. The study's limitation lies in its reliance on existing literature from a limited timeframe, suggesting the need for further empirical testing across various organizational contexts.