Human Element Research Articles

미국에서의 콘도미니엄 관리

Like apartment buildings in Korea, condominiums in the United States are not a physical style or type of building, but rather a mode of ownership. In addition to the physical elements of private and common areas, condominiums in the U.S. also have an owner's association as a human element. However, unlike Korea, the human factor is much stronger than the physical factor. This is because the U.S. condominium law focuses on collective management of property. On the other hand, the Korean Collective Buildings Act has emphasized the right of separate ownership of the exclusive use part from the time of its enactment, as it originated from the modification of the sharing theory of the civil law to adjust the sharing relationship between the exercise of ownership of each exclusive use part and the common part or land, and to promote the survival of each unit owner with respect to the sharing relationship. However, collective buildings in Korea are becoming larger and larger, and large apartment complexes with many facilities are becoming more popular, and the proportion of common areas to the total area is increasing. Therefore, even in the Collective Building Act, it is necessary to strengthen the human factor through the community of residents to manage the common areas and control the interests of users of the common areas, such as noise between floors.

AAV-mediated gene delivery to the cardiac conduction system

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): NWO open technology program Biopace #18485 Background Gene therapy for cardiac arrhythmias has so far mostly focused on modifying the arrhythmogenic substrate in working myocardium or on creating biological pacemakers with viral vectors that did not selectively target the cardiac conduction system (CCS). As a result, CCS targeting by viral vectors is a relatively unexplored area. Aim In the current project, we explored the basic requirements for CCS targeting using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors. Methods Regular AAV9 and AAV-Myo4A capsid-pseudotyped AAV2 vectors (hereafter called AAV2/9 and AAV2/Myo4A vectors, respectively) expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) from a CMV or TNNT2 promoter, respectively, and an AAV2/9 vector expressing eGFP from a human GJA5 regulatory element were systemically injected in mice. After 4 weeks, hearts were harvested, fixed with paraformaldehyde and stained for TNNT2, eGFP, HCN4 and DNA to determine CCS transduction. Results Transduction of the sinoatrial and atrioventricular (AV) node using AAV2/9 vectors was very poor, while transduction was visible in the atrioventricular (i.e. His) bundle and working myocardium. In contrast, the transduction rate of the AV node and bundle using AAV2/Myo4A vectors were similar to that of the working myocardium. The human GJA5 regulatory element was able to restrict eGFP expression by AAV2/9 vectors to the AV bundle in 2/3 animals but the transduction efficiency was low. A third animal showed no transduction of any tissue, either indicative of the low transduction efficiency or of a failed injection. Conclusion This study not only provides proof-of-principle for CCS-targeted gene therapy but also shows that CCS transduction can be improved through AAV capsid engineering and be restricted to (parts of) the CCS by using specific transcriptional control elements.

Social support for young people with eating disorders-An integrative review.

Eating disorder treatment should be underpinned by a recovery-oriented approach, be therapeutic, personalised and trauma informed. Within such models of care, social support is an important factor to explore in terms of its influence in supporting hope for recovery, reducing stigma, and mitigating life stressors. Limited research has been conducted to understand the types of social support that are available to young people formally diagnosed with an eating disorder, their feasibility and acceptability and the positive outcomes. This integrative review sought to explore the positive outcomes of social support or social support programs for young people with eating disorders. An integrative review was conducted based on a search of five electronic databases from inception to 31 March 2023. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools and findings have been narratively synthesised and presented in accordance with the review's aims and questions. Seven studies (total 429 individuals, range 3-160) published between 2001 and 2023 were included in the final synthesis. Overall social support interventions showed promising preliminary evidence as a feasible and acceptable adjunct to treatment for young people with an eating disorder motivated to change, with some clinical improvements in psychopathology. Social support augmented existing relationships, providing a human element of open dialogue, friendship and a sense of hope for recovery. Despite the small number and heterogeneity of the studies, this review has highlighted some promising preliminary benefits. Future treatment for eating disorders should embrace adjunct modalities that enhance psychosocial recovery for young people with eating disorders.

Contribution of Social Media in Shaping Self-Perceptions: A Case of Black Women

Purpose: This study aimed to explore how social media representations of Black women’s hair shapes their sense of identity, self-concept and hair care practices. Methodology: A qualitative cross-sectional approach was employed, with a sample size of five Black women in South Africa between the ages of 20 to 29 years old. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online with research participants that were purposively selected from social media platforms Twitter and Instagram. The use of these platforms to select participants also offered convenience to the researcher as these participants were readily available because they are already active in social media. Thematic analysis was used in data analysis while the Social Identity Theory (SIT) was utilised as the theoretical framework to interpret the findings. Findings: Four themes were used to cluster the findings, namely self-categorization, social identification, perceived positive social identity and self-esteem restoration. The findings highlighted the role of social media in perpetuating the stereotypes which is traced to the slavery; and then highlight how the social media is used to reverse the systematic oppression of the Black women based on their hair. They also revealed that positive representations of Black hair on social media creates an attitude of self-acceptance and empowerment among Black women. Similarly, social media provides a space for Black women to connect, discuss their hair and share hair care tips, fostering a sense of belonging within the community. However, this study identified a gap in representation, as there tends to be an overrepresentation of one specific hair texture, leaving some Black women with limited or no representation, mainly those wearing dreadlocks. Unique Contribution to the theory, practice, and policy: The research makes a unique contribution by highlighting the importance of diverse representation in South African advertisements and social media marketing for hair products, as Black women’s hair textures and journeys are not a monolith. The findings concomitantly highlight the role of social media celebrities and/or social media influencers in the social media regarding the matter under investigation from the perspective of South African women. The study also noted the need for awareness and education about the cultural and historical significance of Black hair to reduce cultural appropriation. The findings further highlight the human rights element regarding the discrimination faced by Black women due to their hair texture, this knowledge may contribute to creating inclusivity in both society and social media spaces.

The Artificial Third: A Broad View of the Effects of Introducing Generative Artificial Intelligence on Psychotherapy.

This paper explores a significant shift in the field of mental health in general and psychotherapy in particular following generative artificial intelligence's new capabilities in processing and generating humanlike language. Following Freud, this lingo-technological development is conceptualized as the "fourth narcissistic blow" that science inflicts on humanity. We argue that this narcissistic blow has a potentially dramatic influence on perceptions of human society, interrelationships, and the self. We should, accordingly, expect dramatic changes in perceptions of the therapeutic act following the emergence of what we term the artificial third in the field of psychotherapy. The introduction of an artificial third marks a critical juncture, prompting us to ask the following important core questions that address two basic elements of critical thinking, namely, transparency and autonomy: (1) What is this new artificial presence in therapy relationships? (2) How does it reshape our perception of ourselves and our interpersonal dynamics? and (3) What remains of the irreplaceable human elements at the core of therapy? Given the ethical implications that arise from these questions, this paper proposes that the artificial third can be a valuable asset when applied with insight and ethical consideration, enhancing but not replacing the human touch in therapy.

Personalized Language Education in the Age of AI: Opportunities and Challenges

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted education, particularly language education, by enabling personalized learning experiences through advanced algorithms and machine learning. This paper explores the integration of AI in language learning, focusing on adaptive learning systems that tailor educational content to individual learners' needs. By examining the historical evolution of AI in education, current applications, and future trends, this review highlights the potential benefits of AI enhanced personalized language education, including improved learning outcomes and increased accessibility. It also addresses the challenges associated with AI implementation, such as technological barriers and the need for effective teacher training. The findings underscore the importance of a balanced approach where AI complements human teachers, providing personalized support while maintaining the essential human elements of empathy and contextual understanding. Keywords: Personalized Language Education, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Adaptive Learning Systems, Machine Learning, Language Proficiency, Educational Technology and Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Research on man-machine cooperation and safety in intelligent manufacturing

Securing our organizations safety in this dynamic environment demands an all-encompassing approach, encompassing the physical, virtual, and human dimensions. It is imperative to understand that true security transcends the digital realm, encompassing the very physical spaces where innovation unfolds and the people who drive it. In order to effectively recognize and mitigate urgent threats in real-time scenarios, a commitment to adhering to established standards and leveraging state-of-the-art sensors becomes indispensable. These sensors serve as the vigilant sentinels of collaborative spaces, tirelessly monitoring interactions, and swiftly identifying anomalies. By adhering to rigorous standards, organizations ensure that their security protocols remain robust and responsive. Collaboration safety, meanwhile, hinges on the proficiency of trained and informed personnel. Properly equipping the human element within this collaborative landscape is paramount. Operators must be well-versed in the technologies they interact with, trained to navigate collaborative workflows, and imbued with a heightened sense of safety awareness. The success of collaborative ventures relies heavily on the competence and preparedness of the human workforce. From our extensive analysis, a resounding call to action emerges: the imperative to integrate diverse elements cohesively for optimal performance. This integration isnt merely a technological endeavor; its a holistic approach that considers people, processes, and technology.

A comprehensive examination of human resource management elements and organizational performance

Comprehensive analysis is to offer an extensive summary of the present condition of the research on the connection between organizational performance and HRM components. Using the PRISMA criteria as a guide, a comprehensive investigation of electronic database work was done to locate relevant publications published through the review date. To select empirical research that analyzed the effects of different Human Resource Management (HRM) components on the performance of organizations, inclusion criteria were developed. The quality of the chosen studies was evaluated severely and data were retrieved for synthesis. The results of a wide range of studies analyzing several facets of HRM, such as employee engagement, pay as well as benefits, performance evaluation, training and development, recruitment along with selection, have been gathered in this systematic review. The review evaluates the quality of evidence pertaining to the established correlations between HRM aspects and organizational performance, as well as the diverse approaches utilized in the literature. The review offers an advanced understanding of the intricate relationship that exists between HRM components and organizational performance. It points out gaps in the existing body of knowledge and makes recommendations for future study topics that provide useful takeaways for HR specialists and organizational executives looking to improve overall performance through strategic HRM approaches.

A Multi-Approach and Collaborative Pathway towards Designing Climate Strategies: The Case of Trentino, a Mountainous Region in Italy

Mountainous and rural territories are considered among the most vulnerable to the effects of the Climate Crisis. Their geographical and topographical conditions, together with the complexity of the system of relations between human and natural elements, amplify the impacts and risks associated with extreme climatic events. Therefore, the consequences on the socio-economic fabric are systemic and require an immediate response from all the actors in a region. Public administration and politics can play a pivotal role within the planning framework in contrasting the impacts of the climate crisis. This paper demonstrates the multi-level and multi-stakeholder approach applied during the development process of a regional adaptation strategy. The Autonomous Province of Trento has initiated an innovative approach to understanding and managing the effects of the climate crisis on its landscape and resources and has aligned the process of definition of its long-term strategy with the guidance provided by the EU Commission and the Italian Government. The methodology used is based on the tools provided by the Climate-ADAPT platform (in particular, the Regional Adaptation Support Tool—RAST), and the “impact chains” method is specifically implemented for climate risk assessment. The RAST is applied according to a multi-stakeholder and multi-level approach to capitalise on previously established and ongoing initiatives and working groups. The research suggests that the Climate Strategy model presented in this paper needs to be at the core of the broader framework adopted by the Autonomous Province of Trento and that it can represent an important example for other regions aiming to actively involve local stakeholders in acting for climate neutrality and resilience.

Posthumanist new materialist pathways for reimagining music education research: What matters? What can this offer music educators?

ABSTRACT Much of historical and contemporary music education research is influenced by a Cartesian ontology of opposition. This reinforces the classic function of music and music education: the exercise of possession, ownership and control. To confront these ideas, our article reimagines music education research through posthumanism and new materialism. In doing so, the focus shifts to making with nonhuman matter, posthuman bodies and the materialisation of music. Examples of cartographic research are discussed to show how the experience of musical environments is constantly reconfigured by human and nonhuman elements. This abandons the notion that music education takes place only in the mind and explores what a posthumanist approach to materiality can offer instead. As a result, normative academic conventions are disrupted by the recognition of in-the-making embodied musical learning, the intra-action of human and nonhuman sound materialising, and the materiality of the body in its experience of music as a play space, arguing that staying with the trouble of doing something new, or swimming against the tide, matters for music educators.

Exploring the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Students Preferences and Perceptions

The development of AI technology has opened new opportunities for the delivery and reception of education. Therefore, a profound understanding related to students' perspectives, expectations, and concerns regarding the utilization of AI in the learning process becomes a crucial aspect. This study explores the perceptions of university students in Indonesia towards the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education. A quantitative descriptive survey was conducted involving 200 students from the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Bengkulu University. The instrument used is a student perception scale about AI adapted from Buabbas et al. (2023). Data analysis used descriptive analysis and Chi-Square test. The findings indicate that most students have a positive view of the use of AI in learning, seeing it as a tool that can enrich their learning experience and increase access to educational resources. However, concerns were also raised about the replacement of teachers' roles by AI, the loss of human elements in learning interactions, and data privacy issues. The study concludes that while AI has great potential to transform education, a careful, human-centered approach that involves the active role of teachers and safeguards students' privacy and data security is necessary. Further research is recommended to provide more comprehensive information about the impacts and benefits of the emergence of AI in education.

Gender dynamics of the impact of cash transfer on female educational expenditure of informal settlements in Bangladesh

Gender-biased educational investment remains a critical issue for vulnerable households. Despite increased female enrolment in the past decade, motivation to invest on female education remains low. Resource scarcity and low woman empowerment are two major reasons of low educational expenditure on female children of a vulnerable household. As the most vulnerable households in a society, informal settlers (slum households) are supposed to spend less on female children. However, whether there is any gender bias in informally settled households’ spending on education remains a question. Further, Cash Transfer (CT) programs provide resources to vulnerable households for investing on human capital elements like education. This study aims to examine three research questions: whether a informally settled household’s spending on education is gender biased, whether the households in which women receive CT spend more for female education than those in which women do not receive CT, and finally whether the impact of female receipt of CT differs from that of male receipt of CT in terms of female education expenditure. As the assignment of female access to CT is not randomized, the simple comparison between the treated and untreated suffers from selection bias. We employ propensity score matching (PSM) as an identification strategy to address selection bias. Inverse probability weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) has been applied as a robustness check. The study's policy implications highlight the significance for policymakers in the domains of women's education, empowerment, and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals.

Spatio-temporal pattern analysis of coastal zone in Nansha based on remote sensing technology

Among the most important and active areas of coastal cities is the coastal zone. Examining the changes in the coastal zone of Nansha District is helpful in identifying the spatiotemporal evolution pattern and driving force of this area, as well as serving as a guide for the preservation and exploitation of its resources. This is due to the fact that remote sensing's ability to collect and analyze coastlines can show minute variations in the way the water and land interact. The article uses drone orthophotos and Landsat and Quickbird paired with eight different sceneries from 1987 to 2021 to extract the coastline using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. The spatiotemporal features of the evolution of the Nansha shoreline are examined in order to guarantee correctness. and the motivating elements are talked about. The findings indicate that: 1) Over the previous 30 years, there has been a consistent upward tendency along Nansha District's shoreline. Among these, the percentage of artificial shoreline is growing annually, growing by about 56%, while the natural coastline is decreasing annually, decreasing by 70%. 2) There is a shift in the type of shoreline from natural to sea-reclamation, engineering construction, and aquaculture. 3) The modifications to the coastline have occurred in three phases: the first was the agricultural phase; the second was the port petrochemical phase; and the third was the reasonable restraint phase (quality construction). Wanqingsha, Longxue Island, and Nansha Bay's coastlines are all close to significant expansion areas of coastline. 4) The primary causes of the changes in the Nansha District shoreline are human activity, regional policy, and natural elements.

Law, Technology, and Our Governance Dilemma

This article highlights a dilemma that we face when we turn to new tools that promise to improve on law’s imperfect governance. On the one hand, our discontent with law’s governance is both broad and deep, and much of it is rooted in the human nature of the legal enterprise. Yet, we remain attached to the essentially human nature of law’s governance. On the other hand, we recognise the potential benefits in technological governance but not without some displacement of the human element. Caught on the horns of this dilemma, we attempt to limit the loss of the human element by insisting that governance must be compatible with human rights or human dignity, or, more directly, that governance must limit the applications of technology so that they remain human-centric. Given a demand for human-centric applications of technologies, we consider how far humans might, and should, go in deploying new tools with a view to improving law’s imperfect governance. Should these tools be limited to assisting humans? Or, might they replace humans? Or might we even govern by technological management of places, products, and processes so that reliance on both humans and rules is reduced? It is concluded that, in all spheres of governance and in all human communities, the one thing that is essential is that the applications of new technologies are controlled so that they do not undermine the generic conditions which are presupposed by viable groups of human agents.

Redefining those subtle borders: transhumanism, frontiers, retroprogression and hermeneutics at the crossroads of teaching

The field of education is undergoing significant transformations, which implies that valuable views from the past may be completely overlooked in the rapid progress we are experiencing. Transhumanism, as a prevailing ideology, appears to imply an advancement at an ever-increasing speed. An interesting prospect would be to reflect on transhumanism in relation to retroprogression and phronesis to understand how limitations operate within the realm of education. Interpretation, therefore, becomes one of the fundamental tools for educators in this highly complex environment. Their role as meta-interpreters can be founded in a return to hermeneutics as both an art and a science. By doing this, the past and future can be harmonized in the present, with the transhumanist principles maintaining the human element. In conclusion, education will continue to be an act of human understanding that necessitates complete attention and presence of educators, who are, therefore, able to offer meaningful actions by properly understanding the here and now and the uniqueness of every teaching situation.

At the crossroads: photography, ecology and heritage in Istanbul

This article looks at three contemporary photo-based projects that reference Istanbul’s visual histories and document its endangered ecologies. These works take a critical approach to cultural heritage practices in contrast to official discourses that serve state power or justify capital accumulation. Osman Bozkurt’s Scenes, Ali Taptık’s Topographic Nostalgia, and Cemre Yeşil and Maria Sturm’s For Birds’ Sake focus on the relationships between the human and non-human elements of urban geographies. Their projects conceive of heritage as a practice that combines ecological concerns with preserving the cultural remnants of the urban past. Whether critiquing the aesthetic conventions of the picturesque, evoking an affective engagement with the viewer, or conjuring memories of displaced populations, these artists explore different visual approaches to embodying and remembering urban space and place. Taking a cue from their works, this article contemplates the possibility of envisioning heritage futures that can protect Istanbul’s biodiversity while being inclusive of cultural difference.

A Multi-Feature Fusion Method for Urban Functional Regions Identification: A Case Study of Xi’an, China

Research on the identification of urban functional regions is of great significance for the understanding of urban structure, spatial planning, resource allocation, and promoting sustainable urban development. However, achieving high-precision urban functional region recognition has always been a research challenge in this field. For this purpose, this paper proposes an urban functional region identification method called ASOE (activity–scene–object–economy), which integrates the features from multi-source data to perceive the spatial differentiation of urban human and geographic elements. First, we utilize VGG16 (Visual Geometry Group 16) to extract high-level semantic features from the remote sensing images with 1.2 m spatial resolution. Then, using scraped building footprints, we extract building object features such as area, perimeter, and structural ratios. Socioeconomic features and population activity features are extracted from Point of Interest (POI) and Weibo data, respectively. Finally, integrating the aforementioned features and using the Random Forest method for classification, the identification results of urban functional regions in the main urban area of Xi’an are obtained. After comparing with the actual land use map, our method achieves an identification accuracy of 91.74%, which is higher than other comparative methods, making it effectively identify four typical urban functional regions in the main urban area of Xi’an (e.g., residential regions, industrial regions, commercial regions, and public regions). The research indicates that the method of fusing multi-source data can fully leverage the advantages of big data, achieving high-precision identification of urban functional regions.

A Narrative Review of the Sociotechnical Landscape and Potential of Computer-Assisted Dynamic Assessment for Children with Communication Support Needs

This paper presents a narrative review of the current practices in assessing learners’ cognitive abilities and the limitations of traditional intelligence tests in capturing a comprehensive understanding of a child’s learning potential. Referencing prior research, it explores the concept of dynamic assessment (DA) as a promising yet underutilised alternative that focuses on a child’s responsiveness to learning opportunities. The paper highlights the potential of novel technologies, in particular tangible user interfaces (TUIs), in integrating computational science with DA to improve the access and accuracy of assessment results, especially for children with communication support needs (CSN), as a catalyst for abetting critical communicative competencies. However, existing research in this area has mainly focused on the automated mediation of DA, neglecting the human element that is crucial for effective solutions in special education. A framework is proposed to address these issues, combining pedagogical and sociocultural elements alongside adaptive information technology solutions in an assessment system informed by user-centred design principles to fully support teachers/facilitators and learners with CSN within the special education ecosystem.

The Human, Non-human Affective Entanglements: A Posthuman Perspective of an ESOL Classroom

In the age of Anthropocene, we problematize the multitudes of affordances of humanism that we are ultimately entwined by and within. Education is a discipline that always placed predominance to the human centredness ignoring several non-human and non-living objects that also form a part of teaching and learning. However, the humanistic notions of hierarchies have undergone radical changes. The locus in a classroom is no longer regulated by teachers and in a multicultural, multilingual classroom, the interaction between teacher, learners, materials and methods are evolving continually redefining the power relations. This essay highlights how every assemblage (an assemblage being a random clubbing of several human and non-human elements) is unique and in a state of flux to act and react with various human and non-human elements within/outside classroom territories. Designed as an autoethnographic study, by analysing the major tenets of posthumanism and by connecting them with English language education, this article argues for a posthuman turn in English language teaching and learning by examining the research diary entries of the author to identify how the entanglement of affect, rhizome and assemblage results in deterritorialization. Episodes and anecdotes from an ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) teaching context in England serve as primary data. This autoethnographic study reveals the agential assemblages in the classrooms which problematize the singular agency of the teacher as the reservoir of knowledge and discusses how the power structure in the classroom is altered when learners and their affective assemblages influence the teacher and the very practice of teaching.

Socio-hydrological modelling using participatory System Dynamics modelling for enhancing urban flood resilience through Blue-Green Infrastructure

Cities are complex systems characterised by interdependencies among infrastructural, economic, social, ecological, and human elements. Urban surface water flooding poses a significant challenge due to climate change, population growth, and ageing infrastructure, often resulting in substantial economic losses and social disruption. Traditional hydrological modelling approaches for flood risk management, while providing invaluable support in the analysis of hydrological dynamics of floods, lack an understanding of the complex interplay between hydrological and non-hydrological (i.e., social, environmental, economic) aspects in an urban system, hindering effective flood risk management strategies. In this context, socio-hydrological modelling methods offer a complementary perspective to traditional hydrological models by integrating hydrological and social processes, thereby enhancing the understanding of the complex interactions driving flood resilience.The present work proposes a participatory socio-hydrological modelling approach based on System Dynamics (SD) to quantitatively analyse the interactions and feedback between flood risk and different aspects of the urban system. By combining scientific expertise with stakeholder knowledge, the modelling approach aims to provide decision-makers with a comprehensive understanding of flood dynamics and the effectiveness of resilience-building measures. Furthermore, the role of Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) in enhancing urban flood resilience, considering its interplay with grey infrastructure and interactions with various sub-systems, is explored.The results reveal i) the contribution of SD quantitative modelling in supporting the analysis of interactions between flood risk reduction measures and different sub-systems thus offering decision-makers actionable insights into the multifaceted nature of flood risk and resilience; ii) the added value provided by the combination of scientific and stakeholder knowledge in tailoring the model to the case study, quantifying socio-hydrological modelling dynamics limitedly explored in the scientific literature and supporting the selection of measures for increasing flood resilience; iii) the ability of BGI to provide not only hydrological benefits (mainly about the reduction of surface runoff) but also multiple social and environmental benefits (i.e., the co-benefits), especially when coupled with well-functioning grey infrastructure. Reference is made to one of the case studies of the CUSSH and CAMELLIA projects, namely Thamesmead (London, United Kingdom), a formerly inhospitable marshland currently undergoing a process of urban regeneration, with an increasing vulnerability to flooding.