Human Development Research Articles

Transcriptional coactivator MED15 is required for beta cell maturation

Mediator, a co-regulator complex required for RNA Polymerase II activity, interacts with tissue-specific transcription factors to regulate development and maintain homeostasis. We observe reduced Mediator subunit MED15 expression in endocrine hormone-producing pancreatic islets isolated from people living with type 2 diabetes and sought to understand how MED15 and Mediator control gene expression programs important for the function of insulin-producing β-cells. Here we show that Med15 is expressed during mouse β-cell development and maturation. Knockout of Med15 in mouse β-cells causes defects in β-cell maturation without affecting β-cell mass or insulin expression. ChIP-seq and co-immunoprecipitation analyses found that Med15 binds β-cell transcription factors Nkx6-1 and NeuroD1 to regulate key β-cell maturation genes. In support of a conserved role during human development, human embryonic stem cell-derived β-like cells, genetically engineered to express high levels of MED15, express increased levels of maturation markers. We provide evidence of a conserved role for Mediator in β-cell maturation and demonstrate an additional layer of control that tunes β-cell transcription factor function.

Risks for the Development of the Russian Human Capital in the Context of Geoeconomic Fragmentation

Geopolitical tensions, increasing sanction pressure, inequality, and the slowdown of globalization serve as signals of fragmentation in the world economy. However, research on the social consequences of fragmentation remains limited. This study aims to identify the risks to the development of the Russian human capital in the context of geoeconomic fragmentation. Research methods include a systematic literature review and a comparative analysis of the country blocks based on the key indicators of technology development and human capital using World Bank data from 2011 to 2022. Based on political preferences and the level of socio-economic development, Western, Eastern, and Neutral blocks were identified and analyzed among 149 advanced and emerging economies. The results showed significant differences among the blocks in the level of human capital development and indicators of technological development. Russia has advantages in formal education at the level of Western block countries; however, health indicators of the population and the share of investment in science and education remain relatively low. Key risks in the context of fragmentation include further devaluation of human capital, losses associated with migration and health capital, a decrease in the share of high-tech sectors in the structure of value-added, and the proportion of scientific personnel

Integrating Human Resource Development and Halal Tourism Strategies for Sustainable Development in Indonesia

This research aims to explore the integration of human resource development (HRD) into the growth of the halal tourism industry in Indonesia. Using a literature review method, the study examines strategies to enhance the sector's sustainable competitive advantage by focusing on HRD initiatives, including employee training, cultural competence, and service quality improvement in accordance with sharia principles. The findings indicate that while Indonesia has great potential in halal tourism, several barriers such as institutional readiness, inadequate infrastructure, and regulatory gaps hinder its full development. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous innovation, strategic marketing, and regulatory alignment to overcome these challenges. Recommendations include investing in human capital and fostering innovation to ensure Indonesia’s positioning as a global leader in halal tourism.

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bernalar Kritis Peserta Didik Pada PAK Dengan Model Pembelajaran PBL Berbantu Power Point Kelas 8 SMP N 2 Wonoboyo Satu Atap Temanggung

Education in Indonesia plays a crucial role in forming competent and competitive human resources. However, despite various reforms, the Indonesian education system still faces various challenges. One of them is the gap in the quality of education between regions, which is reflected in the differences in the results of the National Examination and the Human Development Index (HDI) in various provinces. In response to this, the government implemented the Independent Curriculum which aims to increase learning flexibility and develop 21st-century competencies in students. However, its implementation is still constrained, especially in remote areas with minimal access to quality learning resources. SMP N 2 Wonoboyo Satu Atap in Temanggung Regency, Central Java, is an example of a school that faces this challenge. Located on a mountain slope with limited access, this school serves a community that is predominantly a farmer. This condition has an impact on educational priorities that are often neglected due to economic demands. One of the main problems in this school is the low critical thinking skills of students, especially in Catholic religious subjects. The causal factors include limited learning media, monotonous teaching methods, and lack of support for learning at home. To overcome this problem, innovation in learning methods is needed. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approach supported by power point media can be a solution. This method invites students to actively solve real problems that are relevant to the subject matter. Based on this background, Classroom Action Research entitled "Improving Students' Critical Reasoning Skills in PAK with PBL Learning Model Assisted by Power Point Class 8 SMP N 2 Wonoboyo Satu Atap Temanggung" is expected to improve students' critical reasoning skills.

One Health Index applied to countries in South America

IntroductionThe One Health concept has proposed an integrated and unified approach aiming for health balance and enhancement by recognizing the interdependence of human, animal, and environmental health. The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed global One Health initiatives and policy improvement toward preventive measures for future pandemics, particularly of zoonotic origin. Such a scenario may be particularly relevant for South America, which is considered highly vulnerable due to its natural biodiversity superposed to socioeconomic and environmental issues, demanding effective methods and indicators for proper One Health strategies and goals that are aligned with macroregional contexts.MethodsAccordingly, the present study aimed to assess the One Health Index (OHI) in South American countries, along with potential interactions with socioeconomic indicators. The results obtained using clustering analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) have revealed a positive association between the OHI and the Human Development Index (HDI) but not with gross domestic product (GDP).ResultsAlthough South American countries with political stability, robust investment in health, and progressive policies have shown a higher OHI, better environmental health is not associated with better human and animal health. In addition, although the Amazon biome— spanning 9 of the 12 South American countries—has positively impacted environmental health, this benefit contrasts with the rudimentary local human health systems, highlighting the complexity of One Health within the South American context. The lack of stronger indicators for animal health was also considered an important weak point for a true OHI assessment. Nonetheless, countries with more developed livestock have presented better animal health, which may not reflect an overall animal health indicator, as companion and wildlife animal health indicators were not available.DiscussionAlthough lower (within-country) scale analysis such as states and metropolitan areas may better shape internal differences, the study herein has clearly shown One Health inequalities and challenges among South American countries. Equally important, forests and other natural areas in developing countries, particularly the Amazon, should receive incentives to promote sustainable economic growth. This approach would help prevent sacrificing environmental health for the benefit of human and livestock animal health.

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PAKBP pada Materi Manusia Berkembang Berkat Peran Sesama Menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning di Kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Batang Kuis

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of seventh-grade students on the material "Human Development Through the Roles of Others" using the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model at SMP Negeri 1 Batang Kuis. This research employed a Classroom Action Research design conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consisted of four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were 7 students from the seventh-grade class at SMP Negeri 1 Batang Kuis. Data collection techniques were carried out through tests (formative tests) and non-tests (observations). The results of the study in cycle I showed an average score of 68.14 and a classical learning completeness percentage of 72.42%. In cycle II, the average score increased to 84.85. The average student attendance in cycle I was 100% and remained 100% in cycle II. Student involvement in learning in cycle I was 66.28% (high) and increased to 76.50% (very high) in cycle II. It can be concluded that the PBL model can improve the learning outcomes and activities of students on the material "Human Development Through the Roles of Others" in the seventh-grade class at SMP Negeri 1 Batang Kuis.

Sustainability in Geotechnics

The development of humans and societies has posed huge challenges to geotechnics [...]

Towards the Development of Human Capital: Preliminary Results on a Study on Well-being Among Tertiary Students in Melaka, Malaysia

Economic development is intimately linked to human resource development. People who can improve themselves fast and efficiently successfully deal with life's problems and challenges, including those who are in tertiary education. Therefore, their stress level is an indicator of the well-being of our future leaders. This study investigates the various factors that can affect tertiary students' well-being. This preliminary research involves collecting data from higher education institutions in Melaka, with 191 completed responses. The findings were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, and correlation. Findings show that 62.8% of respondents experience low stress, while 37.2% report high stress. Key stressors include time pressure, academic dissatisfaction, and subject matter issues, with financial and social factors also contributing to stress levels. However, relationships and environmental factors appear to have a lesser impact on their stress levels. Based on the correlation coefficient, stress level (dependent variable) does not relate to single variables. Most variables have a moderate correlation with the other variables. The study's findings show that tertiary students in Melaka do not experience alarmingly high levels of stress, but several factors do affect them. Therefore, well-being must be prioritized to ensure the best human capital can be created, as it represents future leaders and a skilled workforce. Recommendations are made for policy adjustments to address stress factors, providing human capital development for sustained national progress.

Democracy as a Goal and a Driving Force for Development: The Case Study of Vietnam

The article explores the complex interplay between democracy and development in Vietnam, a country with a unique historical and political context. Through document analysis, it examines the legal and political reforms implemented since the Doi Moi in 1986 to understand how democratic elements have contributed to Vietnam's socio-economic development. We argue that, despite existing challenges, the integration of democratic principles into Vietnam's development framework serves not only as an ultimate goal but also as a powerful catalyst for economic innovation, human development, and sustainable governance. The conclusion emphasizes that to maintain sustainable and inclusive development, Vietnam must continue its commitment to democratic values by improving governance mechanisms, expanding citizen participation, increasing transparency, and ensuring that development processes reflect the needs of the people. Only by deeply integrating these principles into its development strategy can Vietnam achieve long-term growth and stability.

СТАЛИЙ РОЗВИТОК ТОРГІВЛІ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

The article highlights the theoretical aspect of sustainable trade development. It is found that trade development through more rational and efficient use of resources, production growth, increased income and investment leads to economic growth and employment. It is found that the sustainability of domestic trade is reflected primarily in its impact on human development. It is determined that the sustainable development of Ukraine's trade is laid down in the provisions of trade agreements between Ukraine and other countries and unions of countries. The author analyzes the features of the WTO agreement on sustainable trade development. The article analyzes the provisions of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement in the area of trade policy development with regard to sustainable development. It is noted that trade is key to achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals. It is found that the main direction of implementation of socio-economic management methods for sustainable trade development is performance management, which enhances the social orientation of management through the effect of activity and creates a system of motivation and incentives for labor. It has been found that trade is also important for social integration, which, along with the economy and the environment, is one of the three pillars of sustainable development. In Ukraine, environmental and sustainable development issues are poorly integrated into the process of formulating and implementing public policy, including trade policy. Therefore, environmental protection and sustainable development should be clearly enshrined in trade policy. The presence of environmental factors in a trade agreement cannot depend solely on the policies and approaches of the other party.

Membangun Karakter Murid Melalui Pendidikan Agama

Religious Education is an education process that has a purpose to form religious character of the religious tradition to individuals. This formation process includes an understanding of the Holy Book, religious traditions, and moral and spiritual development in accordance with religion culture and tradition. This religious education is the basis for students meditative thinking because it plays an important role in shaping human spiritual and moral development. As writers, we are using the literature review approach in writing this article in order to compile a deep understanding to improve the character education of the people based on the principles of religion culture and tradition. The results of this study confirm that Religious Education can form the students personality and character responsible individuals.

Enhancing Inclusion, Equity, and Access: An Analysis of Higher Education Policies in Nepal

Higher education is the backbone for the human resource development which are crucial for the economic and socio-cultural development of any country. Unlike other sector, higher education is imperative not only for the welfare of the human beings but also fundamental for nation building through innovation in areas that concern the society. The aim of this paper is to critically analyze the policy arrangements of higher education in Nepal and its impact on enhancing inclusion, equity and access. Adopting Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) research method which is combined with policy review, it is found that though commendable efforts by the government and the commission have been continuing, the issues of access, equity, and inclusion remain still lacking in some areas. Therefore, more policy and programmatic actions are necessary for improvement the situation. If the policy recommendations outlined above are seriously considered by the Government of Nepal, the commission, universities, and other relevant bodies, it is possible to further promote and improve the state of access, equity, and inclusion in Nepal’s higher education.

Practices and practicing in human moral development

Practices and practicing in human moral development

Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa dengan Metode Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbantuan Media Gambar Fase E Kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu Raya

Education in Indonesia aims to create a learning environment that supports the development of students' potential, including spiritual, intellectual, moral, and skills aspects. Although education has an important role in human resource development. In response to this challenge, the Independent Curriculum was introduced to restore learning affected by the pandemic, providing flexibility to educational units in adjusting the curriculum according to student needs. However, the achievement of learning achievement in Catholic Religious Education (PAK) at SMA Negeri 2 Sungai Raya is still less than optimal, mainly due to monotonous learning methods. This study proposes the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method as an alternative to improve student motivation and achievement. This study involved 9 students of class X FASE E, data was obtained through observation of activities and final tests for each cycle. This study aims to determine whether PBL assisted by image media can improve student learning motivation and how effective its application is in learning. The results are expected to show that students are more motivated and understand PAK material better. This is in accordance with the demands of 21st century learning which requires critical thinking skills, creativity, collaboration, and good communication.

Efficacy of prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotics in improving growth in children under age five years in Africa: A protocol for a systematic review.

Background: Stunting is among the main obstacles to human development affecting millions of children worldwide, particularly in the sub-Saharan Africa region. Randomized clinical trials have shown the positive effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics in improving growth in children and toddlers. However, although the global mobilization to tackle its challenges in their different aspects is visible, it remains to define effective large-scale up interventions and strategies to obtain long-lasting impacts. Objective: The objective of this review is to re-evaluate the efficacy of prebiotics, probiotics, and/or synbiotics on growth in children 0 to 5 years in Africa including recently published studies. Methods: Systematic search will be carried out in Pubmed, Science Direct, clinicaltrial.org, and Google Scholar. Both randomized and observational studies that assess the association between prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics, and health benefits and growth in children under 5 years of age will be included in the review. PRISMA-P (preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols) will be used used for this protocol, and PRISMA will be used for the systematic review. The Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool will be used to assess the quality of eligible studies. If the compiled data are appropriate and sufficient enough, we will perform a meta-analysis using RevMan software. Conclusion: This review will provide up-to-date and reliable information on the efficacy of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on the growth of children under 5 years of age especially in developing countries. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022343138.

Longitudinal Changes in Epigenetic Age Acceleration Across Childhood and Adolescence

Individuals exposed to discrimination may exhibit greater epigenetic age acceleration (ie, cellular indicators of premature aging) over time, but few studies have examined longitudinal changes in epigenetic age acceleration, the heterogeneity in these changes for diverse groups of youths, and contextual explanations (ie, discrimination) for differences by ethnicity or race. To provide a descriptive illustration of changes in epigenetic age acceleration across childhood and adolescence among an ethnically and racially diverse sample of youths. This cohort study leveraged longitudinal data on a large sample of youths from low-income households in 20 large urban US cities who provided repeated assessments of saliva tissue samples at ages 9 and 15 years for DNA methylation analysis. Of 4898 youths from the Future of Families and Child Well-Being study, an ongoing study that oversampled children born to unmarried parents from 1998 to 2000, 2039 were included in the present analysis, as these youths had salivary DNA methylation data assayed and publicly available. Analyses were conducted from March 2023 to June 2024. Racialized intrusive encounters with police (eg, stop and frisk and racial slurs). Analyses were conducted to examine longitudinal changes in salivary epigenetic age acceleration over time, whether such changes varied across ethnically and racially diverse groups of youths, and whether police intrusion was associated with variation across ethnic and racial groups. Among 2039 youths (mean [SD] age at baseline, 9.27 [0.38] years; 1023 [50%] male and 1016 [50%] female; 917 [45%] Black, 430 [21%] Hispanic or Latino, 351 [17%] White, and 341 [17%] other, including multiple races and self-identified other) with salivary epigenetic clocks at 9 and 15 years of age, longitudinal results showed that White youths exhibited less accelerated epigenetic aging over time than did Black and Hispanic or Latino youths and those reporting other or multiple races or ethnicities from ages 9 to 15 years, particularly in the Hannum (B, 1.54; 95% CI, 0.36-2.18), GrimAge (B, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.68-1.97), and DunedinPACE epigenetic clocks (B, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.11-0.44). Across these clocks and the PhenoAge clock, police intrusion was associated with Black youths' more accelerated epigenetic aging (Hannum: B, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.03-0.23; GrimAge: B, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.03-0.18; PhenoAge: B, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02-0.18; DunedinPACE: B, 0.01; 95% CI, 0.01-0.03). The transition from childhood to adolescence may represent a sensitive developmental period when racism can have long-term deleterious impacts on healthy human development across the life span. Future research should build on the present study and interrogate which social regularities and policies may be perpetuating discrimination against ethnically and racially minoritized adolescents.

Decoding job satisfaction in the Nepalese public sector: patterns and predictors

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate job satisfaction within the Nepalese civil service, utilizing data from a survey of 858 Nepalese civil servants. Our findings reveal a moderate level of job satisfaction, with several factors influencing its variability. Particularly, relationships with colleagues, the physical environment, and remuneration emerge as significant determinants, where higher values correspond to increased job satisfaction. These findings are consistent with the theoretical expectations of social exchange theory. Beyond these conventional variables, innovation, higher authoritarian cultural orientation (ACO), and the nature of civil service groups (Administrative service vs. Others) significantly shape job satisfaction levels. Furthermore, factors such as transfer scopes, promotion policy, and human resource development programs are identified as areas of low satisfaction among civil servants. While these factors do not demonstrate statistically significant associations with the degree of variation in job satisfaction, their dissatisfaction likely contributes to an overall decrease in job satisfaction.

An atlas of small non-coding RNAs in human preimplantation development

Understanding the molecular circuitries that govern early embryogenesis is important, yet our knowledge of these in human preimplantation development remains limited. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) can regulate gene expression and thus impact blastocyst formation, however, the expression of specific biotypes and their dynamics during preimplantation development remains unknown. Here we identify the abundance of and kinetics of piRNA, rRNA, snoRNA, tRNA, and miRNA from embryonic day (E)3-7 and isolate specific miRNAs and snoRNAs of particular importance in blastocyst formation and pluripotency. These sncRNAs correspond to specific genomic hotspots: an enrichment of the chromosome 19 miRNA cluster (C19MC) in the trophectoderm (TE), and the chromosome 14 miRNA cluster (C14MC) and MEG8-related snoRNAs in the inner cell mass (ICM), which may serve as ‘master regulators’ of potency and lineage. Additionally, we observe a developmental transition with 21 isomiRs and in tRNA fragment (tRF) codon usage and identify two novel miRNAs. Our analysis provides a comprehensive measure of sncRNA biotypes and their corresponding dynamics throughout human preimplantation development, providing an extensive resource. Better understanding the sncRNA regulatory programmes in human embryogenesis will inform strategies to improve embryo development and outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies. We anticipate broad usage of our data as a resource for studies aimed at understanding embryogenesis, optimising stem cell-based models, assisted reproductive technology, and stem cell biology.

9269 Retrotranscribed sequences, a missing piece in the puzzle of Differences/Disorders of Sex Development with unknown genetic causes

Abstract Disclosure: R.L. Batista: None. N.D. D’Alessandre: None. F.O. Rego: None. G.D. Guardia: None. B. Leitao Braga: None. M.Y. Nishi: None. S. Domenice: None. B.B. Mendonca: None. P.A. Galante: None. Background: The human genome is a complex and dynamic structure. These two characteristics have a major contribution from the Mobile Elements (MEs), which comprise at least 50% of the human genome and are sources of genetic novelties. LINE1 (L1), Alu elements, SVA, and LTR elements (HERVs) are MEs highly frequent in the human genome. MEs can create genomic structural variations with consequent roles in health and diseases. Differences of sex development (DSD) are a heterogeneous group of congenital conditions that result in discordance between an individual’s sex chromosomes, gonads, or anatomic sex. DSDs are caused by genomic variations in genes involved in gonadal or genital development.Objective: We comprehensively examine the potential contributions of MEs as a source of genetic novelties in genes related to sexual development and in the etiology of 46,XY DSD. Subjects and methods: First, we investigate the potential role of fixed MEs, including L1, Alu elements, and retroCNVs, present in DSD genes using whole exome sequencing (WES) data. By applying bioinformatics tools and appropriate pipelines, we parallelly analyzed local WES data from 443 individuals from our lab and a public database (GnomAD). Second, we seek unfixed (polymorphic or somatically acquired) MEs in WES data from a cohort of 41 unrelated DSD patients with undetermined molecular etiology. We found 2,408 L1 elements, 3,587 Alu elements, and 14 SVAs inserted in 75 out of 81 DSD-related genes (92.6%) of the DSD genes. When examining by element class, we identified 3,587 fixed Alus that affected over 70 DSD genes, resulting in an average of approximately 47 Alu element insertions per gene. For L1 elements, 2,408 fixed elements were found in about 60 genes (∼37 insertions per gene). Subsequently, the number of fixed elements identified in SVAs (n=14) and HERVKs (n=8) decreased significantly. Among these insertions, seven genes were identified harboring one retrocopy each and four genes with two or more retrocopies each. In total, we found 19 retrocopies in 11 DSD genes. That massive presence of mobile elements in DSD genes may suggest an evolutionary contribution of MEs incorporation through evolution in human sexual development. Regarding non-fixed elements, we found two polymorphic events: an L1 insertion into WT1 and an Alu insertion into GTF2F1, two key genes to the DSD development. We also found an L1 insertion in the DNAH2 gene (related to spermatogenic failure and male infertility) and an Alu insertion in the TEX15 gene (related to male infertility in mice). Interestingly, we also identified one somatically acquired retroCNV event in a non-classical DSD gene (CHST8). In summary, our study underscores the significance of MEs as potential sources of genetic innovation in human sexual development and as molecular etiologies of DSD. Presentation: 6/1/2024

9194 Generation of a Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Line From a Patient With Hypopituitarism and a Novel Nonsense Variant in FOXA2

Abstract Disclosure: M.A. Camilletti: None. G.T. Chirino Felker: None. G. Amin: None. S. Castañeda: None. F. Zabalegui: None. C. Romano Florit: None. A. Waisman: None. M. Ciaccio: None. M.I. Di Palma: None. E. Vaiani: None. A. Belgorosky: None. S.G. Miriuka: None. L.N. Moro: None. M.I. Perez-Millan: None. Congenital Hypopituitarism (CH) is a genetically complex disease characterized by one or more pituitary hormone deficiencies. Forkhead Box A2 (FOXA2, 600288) is a pioneer transcription factor associated with development of multiple tissues in humans and mice. Heterozygous loss of function mutations in FOXA2 were recently shown to cause CH with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, but little is known about the molecular mechanism of FOXA2 action during pituitary development. We identified a novel, heterozygous nonsense variant in FOXA2 (c.686C<A; p.S229X) in a patient diagnosed with GH deficiency at 1.7 years of age, with anterior lobe hypoplasia and absent pituitary stalk, asymptomatic hypoglycemia, and craniofacial malformations. To discover the mechanism of FOXA2 regulation of pituitary development we generated an induced pluripotent stem cell line (FOXA2mut-iPSC) from the patient’s polymorphonuclear blood cells (PBMCs) using an EF1a-hSTEMCCA-loxP vector containing the pluripotency genes OCT-4, SOX-2, c-MYC and KLF4. FOXA2mut-iPSC clone R1 had a normal karyotype and embryonic stem cell-like morphology. These cells express endogenous pluripotency-associated markers NANOG, SOX2, and OCT4, have alkaline phosphatase activity, and can differentiate into all three developmental layers, indicating that these cells are pluripotent. Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis confirmed that FOXA2mut-iPSC R1 clone profiles matched those of the donor PBMCs. Next, we compared pituitary differentiation of FOXA2mut-iPSC vs. control-iPSCs in vitro. Cells were cultured in a differentiation medium containing BMP4, the smoothened agonist SAG, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF), as described in Zimmer et al., 2016 (1). Gene expression analysis (by qRT-PCR) of samples collected on days 0, 4, 7, and 15 of the differentiation protocol showed an increased expression of genes associated with anterior pituitary development including OTX2, PITX1/2, and SIX1 in both cell lines (n=2). These preliminary data suggest that pituitary cell fate can be induced in the heterozygous FOXA2mut-iPSC clone. Ongoing studies will assess pituitary hormone-producing cell differentiation after longer periods of FOXA2mut-iPSC cell culture. In sum, patient iPSC differentiation is a promising tool for assessment of normal and variant FOXA2 function in human pituitary development, and for enlightening the mechanisms of FOXA2 action in human pituitary development. (1) Zimmer et al., Stem Cell Reports. 2016 Jun 14;6(6):858-872. Presentation: 6/1/2024