Human Capital Resources Research Articles

You Can Check Out Any Time You Like, but Can You Ever Leave? A Theory of Firm Value Capture from Alumni

In modern organizations, key sources of competitive advantage are embedded in employees. Management theory has traditionally viewed employee exit as the end of firms’ relationships with employees and, consequently, the end of access to human capital and other resources embedded in departing individuals. However, recent research suggests that firms can benefit from the continuation of relationships with alumni employees. We argue that how organizations create and maintain connections to alumni is critical, as it shapes the nature of potentially valuable organization-level alumni resources. We develop a theory of firm value capture from alumni that explains how firms’ norms and policies before, during, and after employee exit affect firms’ alumni relations climate—a shared perception among a firm’s current and former employees that the firm values alumni. We further theorize that the alumni relations climate will lead to creation of firm-level alumni resources, with the configuration of these resources shaped by alumni identification. That is, the extent to which firms’ alumni identify with the firm versus with members of the firm’s remaining workforce (or balanced between the two) will have implications for the configuration of alumni resources that are potentially accessible to the firm. Our theory describes how these different alumni resource configurations come with inherent benefits and costs when it comes to the value that firms are able to capture from their alumni resources. We illustrate the value of this theoretical perspective by identifying meaningful practical implications and avenues for future research.

Human resource executives' relative pay and firm performance

AbstractTo operationalize the extent to which firms place a strategic emphasis on human capital and human resource management (HRM), we draw on the strategy field's dominant logic theory and on the emerging literature on executive compensation for the heads of major firm functions, such as HRM. Specifically, we investigate whether the pay of human resource executives (HREs) relative to other members of top management teams (TMTs) is related to firm performance. After controlling for the endogeneity of HRE status as one of the highest paid executives on the TMT, we find in a comprehensive sample of the largest US firms that HRE relative pay is positively related to firm financial performance, specifically Tobin's Q. We also find that the relationship of HRE relative pay with Tobin's Q is stronger in relatively smaller and younger firms in our sample. The findings suggest that a strategic emphasis on human capital and HRM leads to higher firm value.

Digital Technology as a Tool for Changing Learning Space for Workers’ Training in Nigeria

Workers are essential part of the organisational system because they represent the human capital resources that drive all other factors or parts of the system in a bid to achieve the organizational goal. In order to keep the workers abreast of changes and to ensure acquisition of requisite skills needed for optimal performance, there is always the need to engage the workers in training and retraining from time to time. Organization of trainings for workers come in different forms and types. There could be on the job training where workers are exposed to learning components while on duty at work. There could also be organization of training outside the workplace when workers take time off to undergo trainings which will help in additional skill acquisition. Facilitators used for workers training can either be internal or external facilitators depending on the needs and choice of organisers. However, with the emergence of technology and the recent occurrence like the world pandemic which nearly stopped all activities even at the workplace, there have been many evolutions on how activities at workplace can be carried out. This is also inclusive of training process which can afford the workers the opportunity to learn and improve their skills inspite of the limitations prevalent in the world. One would then think of exploring digital training for workers in Nigeria. This paper looks at the need for a change of learning space for Nigerian workers, opportunities in digital training, challenges of digital technology at the workplace for training and some suggestions on how to maximize the benefits for training Nigerian workers.

Addressing the Resource-Based View: Determinants That Drive Chinese Universities to Offer MOOCs

This study involved 51 Chinese universities from the Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World University Ranking 2021. With based the resource-based view (RBV) as a framework, it aimed to identify the determinants of human resource capital that were related to universities’ production of MOOCs. Three determinants were detected—size, lifelong learning, and proximity to the political centre. Both size and proximity to the political centre proved to be significant. The findings provide timely implications for university managers and suggest that the variety of management spaces be expanded to increase the portfolio of high-quality Chinese universities that facilitate the production of MOOCs. In addition, universities should increase their proximity awareness to remedy the disadvantages of uneven resource allocation due to geographical proximity.

Analyzing the load capacity curve hypothesis for the Turkiye: A perspective for the sustainable environment

Although it takes time to achieve a sustainable environment, this goal can be possible with the Sustainable Development Goals. The transition from gray energy sources to green in the 21st century is among the important policy goals of global economies. Since this process is long, countries focus on energy efficiency as part of their carbon reduction policies. In this context, this study investigates the impact of clean energy technologies on environmental quality in Turkiye. Using the load capacity curve (LCC) hypothesis, human capital, income, and natural resources are theoretically added to the balance model. The novel Augmented ARDL with Fourier terms approach is used in the empirical analysis. As a result of the analysis, the LCC hypothesis is valid, and income will support environmental quality after a certain level. While human capital increases environmental quality, natural resources bring environmental pollution. Finally, it is determined that clean energy technologies have not yet reached the level that enables carbon reduction. The finding that clean energy technologies are insufficient for Turkiye, as a result of empirical analysis, shows the uniqueness of this study. With our new findings, policymakers can take action for a sustainable environment. Since Turkiye has to ensure energy security due to its regional characteristics, it should increase investments in clean energy technologies. Based on empirical findings, clean energy technologies will gain momentum as policymakers support human capital.

Determining the drivers of global innovation under COVID-19: An FSQCA approach.

During the COVID-19 epidemic, national innovation faced the challenges of high-risk research and development and intensified trade competition. How to allocate resources reasonably to promote national innovation has become a problem that must be solved. Based on the global innovation index (GII) framework, this study analyzes the influence of national innovation input elements (such as human capital resources, infrastructure, business maturity, etc.) on innovation output from the perspective of configuration, combining with the necessary condition analysis (NCA) and fuzzy set/qualitative comparative analysis (FSQCA). The research results show that:(1) A single innovation input constitutes the necessary condition and serves as a bottleneck for high innovation output;(2) ITT, HCR, IFT, MS and BS are all "multiple concurrent" and form different configurations, namely, two high-innovation and four nonhigh innovation configurations, that drive national innovation governance is characterized by "different roads leading to the same goals." (3) As innovation is limited by the income levels of various countries, there are obvious differences in innovation drive paths between high- and low-income countries. Moreover, the configuration of asymmetric relationships with low-innovation output that occurs in high-income countries has unique characteristics. In this study, the influence of the coupling of national innovation input elements on innovation output is explored.

Determinants of adaptive capacities and coping strategies to climate change related extreme events by forest dependent communities in Malawi

Climate change related extreme events present significant threats against the sustainability of forest-based livelihoods. Adaptive capacities and coping strategies of forest residents in Malawi towards climate change and extreme weather events were analyzed. Purposive sampling was used to select key informants while random sampling was employed to sample household heads or older member of the household (n = 422) involved in the household survey. Questionnaire administration, interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect the primary data. Cross tabulation of frequencies, Pearson Chi-square tests, and Binary logistic regression tests were used for the data analysis. Results showed that forest residents have always employed different adaptation and coping strategies during different climate extreme events over the years. Winter cropping (Dimba) around streams and wells, scored 66 % in Mchinji whilst the shifting of crop planting periods to coincide with rainy seasons topped the list in Mangochi (55 %) against droughts and erratic rainfall, respectively. Household satisfaction with water supply facilities and communication services dictated the respondents’ choice of the coping strategies employed. Furthermore, household human capital enhanced the adaptive capacity of forest residents. In conclusion, institutional services, social networks and human capital resources are important in devising climate coping and adaptation strategies hence recommending for more sustainable and transformative adaptation and coping strategies that can withstand projected climate change and weather-related events.

The impact of human capital and technology in business on the innovation economy

Against the backdrop of economic transformations, Azerbaijan is trying to improve its competitiveness in the world. Innovations are becoming a key element of this process, and investments in education and training strengthen the basis for further changes. From this point of view, the item “The situation of the influence of business system development on national innovation activity in Azerbaijan requires strengthening the coordinated actions of both the state and the private sector in attracting investment, human capital and technological resources” in the research work. To confirm this position, we set ourselves the task of analyzing both theoretical approaches and the real situation in this area in Azerbaijan. Taking them into account, they were taken as quantitative and qualitative factors and analyzed on the basis of a fuzzy model using the MATLAB software package, and the methods of statistical comparative analysis and grouping were also used. The theoretical significance of the study lies in expanding the scientific approach to the issue of the influence of human capital, and technology on the formation of an innovative economy in the business system. The practical significance lies in the fact that the proposed results of innovative activity can be important in building an innovative economy in Azerbaijan and in studying the problems of increasing competitiveness.

Innovation and Organizational Performance in Nigerian Startups: A Study of Selected Entrepreneurial Ventures

The Nigerian startup ecosystem has emerged as a dynamic player in the global entrepreneurial landscape. However, the path to success is fraught with unique challenges, and understanding the drivers of innovation and organizational performance is paramount. This study aims to investigate these critical factors within the Nigerian context. The central objectives of this research are to explore the relationship between access to technology, human capital, and financial resources and innovation; assess the efficacy of context-specific performance metrics in representing organizational performance; examine the impact of government policies and a supportive ecosystem on innovation and organizational performance; and scrutinize sectoral variations in the innovation-performance relationship within Nigerian startups. A quantitative research design was employed, using a stratified random sampling technique to ensure sectoral representation. Survey data, paired with statistical analyses, were used to test hypotheses and generate insights from the findings. The results of the study provide valuable insights into the Nigerian startup ecosystem. The findings highlight the significance of resource allocation, context-specific performance metrics, government support, and sector-specific strategies. Access to technology, human capital, and financial resources positively influences innovation, while context-specific performance metrics enhance organizational performance assessment. Government policies and a supportive ecosystem have a positive impact on innovation and performance. Sectoral variations necessitate tailored strategies. The study recommends strategic resource allocation, adoption of context-specific metrics, collaboration with government initiatives, and sector-specific focus to enhance startup success. These recommendations are instrumental for startups, policymakers, and stakeholders in the Nigerian entrepreneurial ecosystem. Keywords: ecosystem, entrepreneurship, performance, innovation, startup

Sustaining environment through municipal solid waste: evidence from European Union economies.

As part of their pursuit to succeed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), European Union (EU) countries have placed great importance on realizing SDG 11, which aims to create sustainable cities and communities. The relationship between environmental quality and municipal solid waste remains understudied despite its significant impact on achieving SDG-11. Consequently, this study seeks to peruse municipal solid waste, renewable energy consumption, human capital, and natural resources impact on load capacity as a comprehensive measure of environmental quality. By utilizing the CS-ARDL approach, this study reveals the inadequacy of municipal solid waste conversion in EU countries and highlights the favorable effect of human capital and renewable energy on enhancing environmental quality. Moreover, this study provides concrete evidence that natural resources contribute to environmental corruption. EU economies should adopt policies to bolster municipal solid waste conversion to improve environmental quality.

Daya Saing Kopi Indonesia di Pasar Internasional dalam 3 Dekade Terakhir

Coffee is one of the most important commodities that have an important role in economic growth, especially in supporting the increase of non-oil exports in Indonesia and as a foreign exchange earner. The purpose of this article is to analyze competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in international market in the last 3 decades or during period 1989–2019. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), X-Model Potential Export Product and Diamond Porter’s is used to analysis competitiveness. The results of the analysis of competitiveness using the RCA method show that not all HS codes for Indonesian coffee and competing countries have a comparative advantage, Indonesian coffee has strong competitiveness for HS code 090111 but has no strong competitive power for other HS codes. The results of the EPD method show that for all HS codes Indonesian coffee and competing countries have a rising star position or have positive appeal and increased market share. The results of the X-Model Potential Export Product method show that Indonesia and competing countries have optimistic coffee market developments for HS code 090111 and have potential market developments for HS codes 090112, 090121, 090122, and 090190. From the results of Porter Diamond's analysis, the results obtained that the State of Indonesia has advantages in terms of condition factors, namely natural resources and has weaknesses in science and technology, human resources and capital resources.

THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN VIETNAM: CURRENT STATUS AND POTENTIAL OF VIETNAM - SOUTH KOREA COOPERATION

The digital economy has received significant attention from many countries in recent years. The digital economy includes everyday economic and commercial transactions with people, businesses, and governments processed through information and communication technologies. As Vietnam's economy expands, the contribution of its internet-based or digital economy has significantly increased in recent years. To achieve a high level of digital economy, Vietnam will focus on three pillars: e-government, e-economy, and e-society. Data statistics show that Vietnam's digital economy has grown significantly over recent years. The growth of Vietnam's digital economy has been attributed to various factors, including hard and soft infrastructure. But there are significant problems for Vietnam's digital economy, such as slowing economic growth, limited infrastructure, and human capital resources. Vietnam-South Korean relations have rapidly developed over recent decades, especially in economics. Given South Korea's advanced digital economy, there are many chances for Vietnam and South Korea to cooperate in developing Vietnam's digital economy in the coming years.

A Systematic Review on Human Capital: A View From Human Resource Development

With rising globalisation and the overcrowding of the employment market because of recent crises in numerous economies throughout the world, human capital is receiving more attention. Both developed and developing countries place a greater emphasis on human capital development to accelerate economic growth by dedicating the required time and effort. As a result, one of the most important means of accessing the global stage is to build human capital. Firms must devote the required resources to building human capital, which has a significant influence on performance. From several critical viewpoints, this research investigates the extent to which human capital has direct implications on corporate performance. This survey also intends to review 42 human capital related papers. Additionally, this paper provides a comprehensive study concerning the chronological review based on each publication, while also focusing on and reviewing the topic knowledge utilizing a systematic literature review. Finally, this paper develops a model that explains the relationship between human capital and firm performance.
 Keywords: HRM practices, organization performance, human resource capital, human capital investment, employee engagement

Managing unit human capital resources: Integrating insights from human resource management and unit leadership literatures.

Unit human capital resources (HCR) are vital to performance across organizational levels. Crucially, the benefits of unit HCR often hinge on resource access and effective resource management. Yet, how units manage HCR remains unclear. We first review findings from human resource management (HRM) and unit leadership literatures relating to unit HCR, which have evolved separately despite their shared goals. Using our review as a foundation, we offer an integrative model highlighting the ways unit leaders can leverage HRM practices and their leadership behaviors for the greatest impact on unit HCR. In so doing, we identify a potentially potent nexus for scholars of both disciplines to focus their integrative efforts on-unit leaders-given their responsibility for HRM practice delivery (e.g., implementing a job rotation program) and their own leadership behaviors (e.g., composing teams). We conclude by highlighting future research questions, opportunities for theoretical integration, and expanding empirical examination. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Motivation for Salary Increase for Teachers Depending on the Quality of Teaching and Research Results

Abstract In the world market, success is achieved by the countries that have better human capital and allocate sufficient resources for its reproduction. One of the results of the growing enrollment of many universities has been the need for additional qualified teaching staff and advanced training, which has led to the need to retrain existing teachers for staffing the growing number of higher education institutions. The first of the major success factors in this endeavor is to ensure that teachers are motivated to earn a relatively adequate salary. In recent years, a number of RA universities have successfully applied the method of salary calculation, which is based on the principle that a teacher (professor, associate professor, assistant, etc.) receives a salary depending on his category and workload (number of hours per academic year). Another important component of the assessment is the real involvement of the teacher in scientific activities and, based on this, a method for calculating the salary of a teacher is proposed, taking into account, among other things, his scientific activity. In order to encourage the scientific activity of the teacher, an indicator of the effectiveness of his scientific activity is introduced, the measure of which is scientific work during the previous (three to five) years.

Individual English Proficiency, Community Language Resources, and Immigrants’ Employment in Western New York: Evidence from the American Community Survey

This study examines associations between the ability to speak English, community language resources, and employment among immigrants in Western New York, United States. Building on existing literature that demonstrates the importance of individual human capital (English proficiency), social networks, and ethnic community resources in immigrants’ labor market outcomes, we introduce the concept of community-level language resources as a facilitator of immigrants’ economic integration. Using data from the American Community Survey and a measure of community language resources (the percentage of bilinguals among people speaking the same language in a community), we find that greater community language resources are associated with a significant increase in the likelihood of being employed for immigrant men with limited English proficiency. Regression analyses also show that neither individual English proficiency nor community language resources are significantly associated with immigrant women's probability of being employed. This study calls for attention to community language resources and individual human capital when designing research on and developing policies for immigrant populations. Findings also show the need for a gender-aware approach to research and practice with immigrant communities.

Natural resources lineage, high technology exports and economic performance: RCEP economies perspective of human capital and energy resources efficiency

Natural resources play a crucial role in economic growth and development. The presence of abundant natural resources can provide countries with opportunities for economic expansion, job creation, and increased export revenues. However, the utilization of natural resources also carries significant risks and challenges that can affect macroeconomic and environmental outcomes. This paper examines the impact of natural resource rents, high technology exports, human capital, and energy efficiency on economic growth of five RCEP nations over the period of 1989–2021. We use quantile regression method, which is useful for analyzing the relationship between two variables, especially when the effect of one variable on the other is anticipated to vary across various parts of the response variable's distribution. We find that natural resource rents are harmful for economic growth. However, high technology exports, human capital and energy efficiency positively affect economic growth. The findings also suggest that policies intended to promote growth should be tailored to the unique requirements and characteristics of countries at various stages of economic development.

CEO Dismissal and Succession: The Implications for the Firm’s Strategic Human Capital Resources

CEO Dismissal and Succession: The Implications for the Firm’s Strategic Human Capital Resources

Moving toward sustainable agriculture: The nexus between clean energy, ICT, human capital and environmental degradation under SDG policies in European countries

The United Nation's adaptation of the 2030 sustainable Development Goals (SDG) agenda has swung the attention toward sustainability. However, in achieving SDGs, this study investigates the nexus between agricultural productivity, renewable energy, ICT, human capital, CO2 emissions, and natural resources in a panel of ten European Union (EU) countries from 1996 to 2019. Our study uses the panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model of the Pool Mean Group (PMG) to estimate the long-run and short-run effects and heterogeneous causality approach. The empirical results ratify that a 1 % upsurge in the coefficient of renewable energy, ICT, and human capital increases agricultural productivity by 0.174 %, 0.030 %, and 2.158 % in the long run. Whereas, CO2 emission and natural resources decrease agricultural productivity. Finally, various causality exists among variables for EU countries. Our empirical results for the EU countries are notionally reliable and offer important policy implications accordingly.

Job Stress Among Employees of Banking Sector in Klang Valley

Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify the level job stress via workload, time pressure, working environment and, role of ambiguity among banking sector in Klang Valley. This study also to examines the relationship between workload, time pressure, working environment, and role of ambiguity toward job stress. Theoretical framework: Recent literature has reported banks have undergone significant organizational and structural changes and left their mark on the working circumstances and daily lives of employees. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study uses a cross-sectional survey research design, with a quantitative research approach. The population of this study consists of banking management staff for one of Malaysia's top banking groups. The data were analysis using statistical analysis of descriptive and inferential studies with Pearson correlation test. Findings: The findings reveal that role of ambiguity is the main causes effected the job stress among banking employee follow by time pressure and working environment. The correlation analysis also revealed that there is a significant and positive relationship with the moderate level between workload, time pressure, working environment and, role of ambiguity toward job stress among banking employees. Research, Practical & Social implications: These empirical findings may offer essential info for job stress among banking sector which aids recognize the recommendations that would have a better impact on reducing job stress, which may be applicable in Malaysia and other countries well. Originality/Value: The results indicate that the number of publications is growing, and contributed to banking sector policies based on staff well-being and human capital resources.