Human Capital Development Research Articles

Green Waqf Model for Sustainable Waste Management: A Respond to the Economic and Environmental Development

Purpose: This study proposes a green waqf model for sustainable waste management. Methodology/approach: This research is descriptive and qualitative, using secondary data from books and articles, with data collection through literature review and content analysis to organize and conclude the findings. Results/findings: The proposed green waqf model involves five stages: First, the waqif transfers cash waqf to the waqf institution (nazir). Second, nazir would promote human capital development by using waqf funds to manage training centers equipped with waste management technology. Third, nazirs through training centers would provide skills development training programs to facilitate beneficiaries (mauquf officials) to improve their skills. Fourth, after receiving the necessary skills and training from the nazir, it is expected that the beneficiaries have jobs and boost their productivity output. Finally, monitoring and evaluation should be conducted to ensure continuous improvement. The proposed green waqf model supports economic growth and the Sustainable Development Goals by creating employment opportunities and reducing poverty. As one society benefits, others are motivated to adopt the model, which amplifies its positive impact at the grassroots level. Limitations: This is literature-based research and has not yet been implemented; therefore, the detailed model needs to be further designed. The model's implementation may be hindered by varying regional infrastructure, the effectiveness of waqf institutions (nazirs), and potential cultural barriers. Contribution: The proposed green waqf model is expected to enhance economic and environmental development.

The impact of operations management practices in improving organisational performance

The primary focus of this research article is to investigate the significant influence that operations management strategies have in improving the performance of organizations. It elucidates the complex influence that operations management methods have on key performance indicators like as profitability, customer satisfaction, and competitive advantage by conducting a complete analysis of the relevant literature and empirical data. When it comes to boosting efficiency and innovation, the findings underline the value of simplified processes, technology integration, and strategic alignment with organizational goals. In addition, the research highlights the significance of cross-functional cooperation and the development of human capital in the process of cultivating a culture of operational excellence. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes how important it is to prioritize operations management as a strategic imperative in order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage and long-term success in the dynamic business climate that exists today.

Does conditional cash transfer deliver? The Indonesian evidence on PKH

Social protection programs aim to secure individuals’ incomes from socioeconomic shocks and provide access to social services for developing human capital and alleviating poverty. In Indonesia, the Family Hope Program (PKH – Program Keluarga Harapan) is a social protection program that focuses on human capital development that requires children’s school enrollment and mothers and toddlers’ health as the conditions of cash transfers. This study seeks to analyze the effects of the PKH program on consumption expenditure, children’s educational attainment, and prenatal visits in Indonesia. We use the 2007 and 2014 IFLS (Indonesian Family Life Survey) survey data analyzed by the difference-in-difference (DID) method. The results demonstrate that PKH has a significantly positive effect on food consumption expenditure. However, PKH has insignificantly negative effects on children’s educational attainment and prenatal visits. The results suggest that the government monitors and ensures that the targeted recipients receive the program’s benefits. As such, the government can enhance the recipients’ awareness of the program’s benefits and ensure the equal availability of supporting infrastructure that enables households to utilize education and health facilities optimally.

The moderating effect of collectivistic workplace culture on the link between political skill and knowledge sharing among faculty members

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of political skills of faculty members in Chinese universities on their tendency to obtain knowledge shared by their colleagues, as well as their tendency to share knowledge with their colleagues. Moreover, this study investigated the role of collectivistic culture in a workplace as the moderating variable that may influence the effect of political skill on knowledge sharing. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were obtained from 387 faculty members across six universities located in the northern and the central cities of China. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used as the statistical method for data analysis. Findings The results provided significant evidence that supported the positive effect of political skill on knowledge sharing. Furthermore, the moderating effect analysis showed that in the workplaces that had strong collectivist culture, the degree to which employees obtained knowledge shared by others, as well as the willingness of employees to share their knowledge to others, was more likely to happen as compared to that in the workplaces that had a weak collectivist culture. Practical implications As part of human capital development policies, political skill training could be an intervention to promote knowledge sharing among faculty members. The training may be particularly helpful to promote knowledge sharing in a workplace that adopts individualistic culture more than in a workplace that adopts collectivistic culture. Originality/value This study provided new evidence that extended previous studies by unveiling the moderating effect of collectivist culture in a workplace that was found to reduce the effect of political skill on knowledge sharing.

Pengaruh Investasi, Human Capital, Kesenjangan Sosial, dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Kesempatan Kerja di Pulau Sumatera

This research aims to examine the influence of investment, human capital, social inequality and economic development on job prospects on the island of Sumatra. Associative quantitative research is used as an investigative approach. Secondary statistical data originating from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) includes information regarding investment, human development index, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), Gini index, and job opportunity levels from 2018 to 2022. The results of this research show that simultaneously and partial investment factors, human capital, socio-economic disparities have a positive influence on employment opportunities on the island of Sumatra. Investment, human capital, social inequality and economic growth contribute 86.9% to the variation in employment opportunities.

Efficacy of continuous employee learning and development in the South African public service between 2014 to 2023 era

Modern technologies have intensified innovations and necessitated changes in public service processes and operations. Continuous employee learning development (CELD) is one means of the molecule-atom that keep employees motivated and sustain competitiveness. The study explored the efficacy of CELD in relation to modern technology in the South African (SA) public service departments between 2014 to 2023 era. Departments are faced with challenge of equipping their employees with adequate professional and technical skills for both the present and the future in order to deliver specific government priorities. Data for the study were gathered utilizing a qualitative semi-structured e-questionnaire. The study sample consisted of 677 human capital development practitioners from national and provincial government departments in SA. The inefficacy CELD and the inadequacy of technological infrastructure and service delivery can be attributed to the failure by executive management and senior managers to invest in CELD to prepare employees for digital world. It is recommended that departments should use Ruggles’s knowledge management, Kirkpatrick’s training, and Becker and Schultz’s human capital models as sound measurement tools in order to gain a true return on investment. The study adds pragmatic insight into the value of CELD in the new technological environment in public service departments.

Strategi Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Melalui Bantuan Dinas Perikanan dan Kelautan: Studi Kasus Kelompok Olah Pasar Doa Ibu Desa Jaya Mukti Kecamatan Banyusari Kabupaten Karawang

Kelompok olah pasar doa ibu has been around since 1990, founded and chaired by Mr. Kaning. The existing products are marine products. The market sports group has 10 members and has not experienced any changes since its inception until now. The problems that occurred in the Mother's Prayer Market Processing Group were the management of assistance from the fisheries and maritime department, hampered capital circulation, and human resources experiencing problems. This research aims to find out strategies for the development of small and medium industries in the mother's prayer market group. This research method uses the SWOT analysis method to assist research analysis in determining quadrant positions and alternative strategies to be used. The research results obtained are that the market processing group is in quadrant III position with a difference between IFAS, namely -0.24 and the difference between EFAS, namely 0.64. With these results, there is a big opportunity but it has internal weaknesses, so the alternative used is the WO strategy. To minimize internal weaknesses, strategies such as training and coaching are needed for human resources in the market processing group. By implementing this strategy, it is hoped that the market transformation team will gain human capital development and have an impact on the growth of the company they lead.

ESG-трансформация российских регионов: теоретические аспекты

The paper considers the theoretical aspects of sustainable development and ESG transformation of Russian regions. The research substantiates a systematic approach to the balanced development of regions as socio-ecological and economic systems. The concept of sustainable development and regional ESG transformation correlates to the concept of regional economic security, economic growth, human and social capital development. In our opinion, a systematic reproductive approach is the most productive in solving many problems of regional socio-economic development. Moreover, it could consider the following issues of regional ESG transformation: a six-stage scheme of social reproduction: «science – production – distribution – exchange – consumption – utilization»; natural-economic-institutional-social reproduction chain. One of the aspects of the reproductive approach is the concept of sustainable development and the ESG agenda. However, in terms of economic theory and philosophy, four types of «transformational connections» can be distinguished: interaction, relationships, institutions, and management decisions. The regional sustainable development, the achievement of high indicators of its socio-economic development is presented as a balanced interaction of three components: economy, social sphere, and ecology. Russian scientists consider regional ESG transformation in terms of economic security, regional economic growth, and increasing its attractiveness, development of technological potential, improvement of the institutional environment, and competencies of managers at all levels in the field of sustainable development and ESG.

Impact of Natural, Physical and Human Capital Formation on Economic Growth in Pakistan: An ARDL Analysis

Attaining sustained economic growth is one of the key objectives of any country to improve the well-being of its people and strengthen its economic position in the world. Capital formation is one of the crucial factors of economic growth as it promotes productivity, efficiency, and higher output growth. Therefore, this paper intends to analyze the impact of natural, physical, and human capital formation on economic growth in Pakistan by employing annual time series data from 1971 to 2020. Different econometric approaches such as unit root test, bound test, and ARDL model are utilized to estimate the results. The study found that labor force participation rate, physical capital, human capital, natural capital, FDI, and financial development are positively associated with economic growth in Pakistan. Instead of FDI, all the variables are found to be significantly related to economic growth in Pakistan. Considering the study’s findings, it is concluded that capital formation is essential to progress the economy of Pakistan, so policymakers must concentrate on investing in physical infrastructure, improvement in health and educational facilities, and efficient utilization of natural resources to promote economic growth.

Understanding the complexities of technological penetration and globalisation on labour market performance: The role of complementary policies

Understanding the impact of technological penetration and globalisation on wage differentials and employment is crucial for developing countries aiming for sustainable economic growth and reduced unemployment rates. This study investigates these effects in the Southern African Development Community. It also examines the role of complementary policies, such as financial development and human capital, and their interactive effects with technological penetration on wages and employment. The study employs panel fully modified least squares, dynamic least squares, and Driscoll-Kraay's standard error as a robustness check. Results indicate that technological penetration, financial development, and the interactive effect of human capital and technological penetration negatively affect employment. Conversely, globalisation and the interactive effect of financial development and technological penetration positively influence employment. Technological penetration is insignificant in the wage equation, while human capital, globalisation, and financial development are associated with wage increases. The interactive effect of technological penetration and human capital is not significant, and the interactive effect of financial development and technological penetration negatively impacts wages. Based on the findings, the study recommends enhancing financial development and human capital while carefully managing technological integration to navigate the complexities of technological and global economic integration to maximise employment and wage benefits.

The Main Provisions of the Concept of the Socio-Pedagogical System for the Development of Human Capital of a Teacher Training College Student

The problem of human capital development, which has recently acquired the status of a priority national agenda, actualizes the scientific search for conceptual grounds for creating effective systems of such development in vocational education. The purpose of the research is to develop and test the concept of a socio-pedagogical system for the development of human capital of a pedagogical college student. Methodology and methods of research. To achieve this goal, a set of scientific and methodological approaches (systemic, anthropological, socio-pedagogical, activity-based), principles (objectivity, determinism, development and interaction) and methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, observation, survey, expert assessment) were used. The results of the study. The state of the conceptualized problem in modern educational practice and the degree of its scientific development have been established; the theoretical, methodological and experimental research base has been determined; the main provisions of the concept of human capital development of a pedagogical college student have been developed online; recommendations for their use have been formulated. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the concept of human capital development of a pedagogical college student has become the subject of scientific understanding and approbation; its conceptual and terminological apparatus, core and content-semantic concepts have been developed. Conclusion. The results of the study can serve as a basis for modulating the system of secondary vocational education as a sphere of human capital development.

Contribution of TVET Schools’ Outcomes on Human Capital Development in Rwanda: A Case of Bugesera District

The study assessed the specific contribution of TVET schools’ outcomes to human capital development in Rwanda. The specific objectives of this study investigatet the role of TVET schools on the employment rate, assessed the students and parents’ attitudes towards technical vocational education and training trades, and established the relationship between TVET schools’ outcomes and human capital development in Bugesera District. The study involved 610 TVET students, graduates, trainers, school managers, employers, parents, and community administrators in Bugesera district. The researcher used human capital theory and skill-biased technological change theory. A mixed-methods design with 241 respondents was used, with purposive and simple random sampling. Data was collected through questionnaires and documentation, and analyzed using SPSS. For the first objective indicated that , TVET schools prepare students for employment opportunities, with 86.1% strongly agreed that there is an increase in employment opportunities for TVET graduates compared to other educational streams, with 93.7% strongly agreeing and 2.5% agreeing, 87.3% strongly agreed that TVET schools adequately equip students with the necessary skills for the job market, 62.0 strongly agreed that the choice of technical trades offered by the TVET school contributes to higher employment rates. To the second results objective, the finding reveals that 67.1% strongly that TVET school gave them the necessary skills and knowledge needed to enter the job market, and they are satisfied, and 89.9% strongly agreed that TVET schools have a substantial impact on enhancing the employment rate of graduates in Rwanda,84.8% strongly agreed that TVET graduates have higher employment rates compared to university graduates, 83.5% strongly agreed. The study found a significant association between improved work opportunities, job readiness, technical skills, practical skills, lifelong learning, and increased workforce productivity, with innovation and adaptability positively related to these independent variables, with a p-value less than 0.05. TVET schools in Rwanda are crucial for human capital development, promoting economic growth and poverty reduction. They should equip students with practical skills, foster an entrepreneurial culture, and offer programs in emerging fields.

The Role of Digital Educational Platforms in Shaping New Models of Economic Development

The article explores the role of digital educational platforms in shaping new economic development models, addressing the current challenges in the global economy. The study aims to analyze how these platforms impact human capital development and innovation ecosystems. Using analysis, modeling, and comparative methods, the research examines the interactions among participants in the educational process and their effects on economic growth. The findings reveal that digital educational platforms facilitate the creation of integrated ecosystems that bring together businesses, educational institutions, and regulators, thereby fostering economic activity driven by knowledge and innovation. The study illustrates the system of interaction between participants within a digital educational, highlighting how these platforms streamline and integrate educational processes into modern society, where universities are evolving into centers not only for knowledge accumulation and transfer but also for its commercialization. In this context, two global information systems are increasingly in demand: digital educational platforms and an innovation ecosystem organized by industry or region. The article characterizes key aspects of human capital development and the enhancement of economic competitiveness through the use of digital platforms. It offers recommendations for integrating these technologies into global educational processes and assesses their potential impact on sustainable economic development. The practical value of the study lies in its potential to guide the development of strategies for advancing digital education. The originality of the research is highlighted by its identification of new forms of economic activities emerging from interactions within digital educational platforms. Future research prospects include examining how digital educational platforms affect various socio-economic groups. Type of article: theoretical.

Do Remittances Have Asymmetric Impacts on Human Development? Panel Evidence from South Asia

Globally, the remittances have increased significantly recently, most of which have gone to developing countries. In light of recent evidence of the role of remittances in economic development, it is pertinent to investigate how human development responds to remittances. Based on human capital and investment decision theory, the present study investigates the short and long-run asymmetric impacts on human development for six South Asian countries from 1990 to 2021 using the panel asymmetric autoregressive distributive lag model (PNARDL). A robustness check has been done using the dynamic common correlated effect pooled mean group effect model (CCEPMG). The direction of causality is examined using a panel dynamic heterogenous model. The result of this study indicates that remittances have a significant short and long-run asymmetric impact supporting the human capital and investment decision theory. Results suggest positive shocks promote human development while negative shocks have the opposite effect. Causality results suggest a two-way relationship supporting remittance-led human capital development in South Asia. In line with the above findings, the study recommends encouraging higher remittances and integrating development policies with migration policies to promote education, health, and human development.

Human Capital Theory as a Foundation for Investment Among the Young Generation

This study makes a significant contribution to understanding the role of Human Capital Theory in the investment decisions made by students, with a focus on human capital development. Through data analysis gathered from respondents at Universitas Negeri Makassar, the research explores the importance of investing in education, skills, and financial literacy as crucial elements in strengthening individual capacity for success. Using a descriptive method, the findings indicate that respondents exhibit consistent behavior toward human capital investment, reflecting a strong awareness of the importance of human capital development in achieving career success. The results underscore the critical role that Human Capital Theory plays in shaping students' investment decisions, highlighting the value they place on educational and skill development. The implications of this study reinforce the need for effective educational policies that enhance the quality of human resources within the academic environment, providing a solid foundation for students to achieve long-term success in their professional lives.

The Role of Labor Force, Physical Capital, and Energy Consumption in Shaping Agricultural and Industrial Output in Pakistan

The labor force, physical capital, and energy sources are key economic drivers that enhance the output levels of developing economies. Despite their significance, the impact of these factors on agricultural and industrial output in Pakistan remains underexplored. This study aims to address this gap by examining the effects of the labor force, physical capital, and energy consumption—including electricity, oil, and gas—on agricultural and industrial output. Additionally, we explore the combined effects of electricity and oil consumption on these sectors. Based on unit root test results, which indicate that the variables as either I(0) or I(1), the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique is selected. This method is particularly effective for handling mixed integration orders and provides robust estimates in small sample sizes, allowing for a thorough examination of both short- and long-run dynamics. Using annual time-series data from Pakistan for the period 1990–2022, the empirical results reveal that higher levels of the labor force, physical capital, electricity consumption, oil consumption, and gas consumption significantly increase agricultural and industrial output in both the short and long run. Furthermore, the findings reveal that the combined effect of electricity and oil consumption has a stronger impact on agricultural and industrial output compared to their individual effects. These results are further validated using alternative econometric techniques such as DOLS and FMOLS. To enhance Pakistan’s agricultural and industrial performance, policies should prioritize investment in human capital and physical capital development, ensure reliable and efficient energy supplies, and promote integrated energy management strategies. These steps are crucial for fostering sustainable economic growth and productivity in both sectors.

The impacts of emotional intelligence and IOT on operational efficiency in manufacturing: A cross-cultural analysis of Nigeria and the US

This review paper explores the dual impacts of Emotional Intelligence (EI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) on Operational Efficiency (OE) in the manufacturing sectors of Nigeria and the United States, providing a comprehensive cross-cultural analysis. In an era where manufacturing industries globally are undergoing rapid technological advancements and organizational transformations, understanding the synergistic role of human and technological factors is crucial. EI, which encompasses the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions, significantly influences leadership effectiveness, team dynamics, and overall workplace harmony. Concurrently, the integration of IoT technologies facilitates real-time data monitoring, predictive maintenance, and enhanced automation, leading to substantial improvements in OE. The paper first delineates the conceptual frameworks of EI and IoT, highlighting their individual contributions to manufacturing efficiency. Subsequently, it discusses the comparative analysis of the manufacturing environments in Nigeria and the US, examining how cultural contexts shape the application and impact of EI and IoT. In the United States, advanced technological infrastructure and a culture of innovation foster the widespread adoption of IoT and the integration of EI in organizational practices. Conversely, Nigeria's manufacturing sector, while facing challenges such as infrastructural deficits and skill gaps, shows potential for growth through targeted investments in technology and human capital development. Through this cross-cultural lens, the paper identifies key differences in the perceptions and applications of EI, the extent of IoT integration, and the resulting OEs. The findings suggest that while the US benefits from a mature ecosystem for both EI and IoT, Nigeria's unique socio-economic landscape necessitates tailored strategies to harness these tools effectively. The analysis concludes with policy and practical implications, offering insights for enhancing manufacturing efficiency through balanced and culturally sensitive approaches to technological and EI advancements. This comprehensive review underscores the importance of synergizing human and technological capabilities to drive sustainable growth and competitiveness in the global manufacturing sector. Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Internet of Things, Operational Efficiency, Manufacturing, Cross-Cultural Analysis, Nigeria and United States.

Internet Penetration and Human Capital Development in Africa

Internet Penetration and Human Capital Development in Africa

The Relationship between Income Inequality and Economic Growth

The relationship between income inequality and economic growth has long been a subject of intense academic debate, with varying perspectives emerging from different theoretical and empirical studies. This article delves into the complexities of this relationship, exploring how income inequality can both positively and negatively impact economic growth, depending on the context. Theoretical perspectives range from the classical Kuznets Curve, which posits that inequality initially increases with economic growth before eventually declining, to more contemporary views that highlight the risks of excessive inequality, particularly in developing economies. Empirical evidence from developed and developing countries further underscores the nuanced nature of this relationship. In developed economies, income inequality may sometimes promote growth by incentivizing investment and innovation, provided there are strong institutions to mitigate potential downsides. Conversely, in developing economies, high levels of inequality often inhibit growth by restricting access to education, healthcare, and other essential services, thus limiting human capital development. The study also emphasizes the critical role of institutions and policy interventions in shaping the relationship between income inequality and economic growth. Effective governance, progressive taxation, and investment in social infrastructure are highlighted as key strategies to balance growth with equity. The findings suggest that while some inequality might be necessary to spur economic progress, excessive inequality poses significant threats to long-term sustainable development. The article concludes by advocating for a balanced policy approach that promotes inclusive growth and ensures that the benefits of economic expansion are shared more broadly across society.

Green innovation for a sustainable environment: Modeling the new green knowledge production function for OECD countries

AbstractThe world community faces serious challenges such as climate change, biological loss, and environmental degradation. Developing ecological technologies is vital for coping with these unreversible crises. This study proposed a modified green knowledge production function to achieve sustainable development goals and generate policies for promoting environmental technologies. It examined the impact of market demands, environmental research and development expenditures, human capital, and environmental protection policies on the production of green environment technologies. Panel data included 16 OECD countries from 1990 to 2019. Data analysis strategies included the Gengenbach, Urbain, and Westerlund panel co‐integration test, fully modified least squares, mean group dynamic least squares, and estimators such as feasible generalized least squares and panel‐corrected standard errors for robust checks. A novel panel causality test via a half‐panel jackknife estimator was also applied for causality analyses. The findings showed that human capital, market size, and environmental policy stringency played significant roles in producing environmental technologies and innovations. Although environmental expenditures made by the government positively affected the supply of green innovation, no statistically significant results were observed. The study highlights the importance of enhancing environmental innovation factors by promoting policies, including human capital development, environmental sanctions, and market demands for a sustainable environment.