Contribution Of Human Capital Research Articles

Anticipating Success or Failure: A Comprehensive Analysis of Entrepreneurship Factors using Machine Learning Predictive Models

The research, a pioneering effort in Morocco, explores the intricate elements driving new startups' viability using AI models. It employs a range of advanced techniques such as decision trees, random forests, logistic regression, support vector machine (SMV), ensemble techniques, and neural networks. The study uncovers unique perspectives on the complex interplay between internal variables like human capital, strategic planning, and internal bureaucracy and external factors like government support, mentorship, and competition that shape entrepreneurship performance. The findings, which reveal a dual and unexpected influence of internal bureaucracy and a multifaceted contribution of human capital, are particularly relevant in the dynamic startup landscape. Mentorship and financial resources emerge as critical contributors to startups’ success. This review, the first of its kind in Morocco, offers special insights into the factors influencing entrepreneurial success. The discoveries have the potential to revolutionize our understanding of how organizations operate in Morocco and their significant implications for enterprising undertakings, providing a practical guide for startups in the region.

Human capital and black-white earnings gaps, 1966–2019

This paper estimates the contribution of human capital, measured using educational attainment and standardized test scores, to Black-white gaps in labor market outcomes in three separate samples of both men and women spanning the period from 1966 through 2019. There are three main findings. First, the magnitude of the reduction in the earnings gap that occurs after controlling for education and test scores has become much larger over time, suggesting a growing contribution of these traits to Black-white earnings disparities. Second, growth in the explanatory power of education and test scores has been primarily due to increases in the association between these traits and the likelihood of non-work, with no clear increases for hourly wages or other intensive earnings margins. Third, in most cases these trends are due to changes in the returns to the human capital traits, rather than changing racial gaps in the human capital traits themselves. These main findings apply qualitatively to both men and women. However, the magnitude of attenuation is much larger for women than for men, and conditional racial gaps in labor market outcome among women are often close to zero. Evidence suggests that this parity between Black and white women conditional on education and test scores is not primarily due to sample selection. Overall, the paper’s findings highlight how structural developments in the US labor market, such as increasing returns to skill and changing labor force participation rates by skill level and gender, have had disparate impacts across racial groups despite being race-neutral on their face.

How do you treat your ‘big fish’? The joint effect of perceived subordinates’ overqualification and managers’ personalities on knowledge hiding

ABSTRACT By integrating the cognitive appraisal theory of stress and coping and the conservation of resources theory, this paper explores the interactions and the mechanism of perceived subordinate’ overqualification and personalities on managers’ knowledge hiding in the service industry. Using a multi-stage research design supported by data collected from upscale hotels in China in three waves (n = 453), the results suggests that when perceiving subordinates’ overqualification, managers with highly cooperative personality decrease knowledge hiding. Conversely, managers with highly competitive personality increase knowledge hiding. Moreover, self-protection motivation mediates the positive relationship between perceived subordinates’ overqualification and managers’ knowledge hiding. This study not only contributes to a better understanding of the psychological mechanism of managers’ knowledge hiding but also responds to the call for multilevel effects research on overqualification. The study’s findings can also serve as important references for hotels’ human resources practices to maximize the values and contributions of human capital.

Modeling the Contribution of Network Human Capital to Economic Dynamics and Innovation Activity

Purpose of the study. This article analyzes the contribution of network human capital to economic dynamics and innovation through econometric modeling based on data for 70 countries for 2020–2021. The main goal of the study is to analyze the relationship between network human capital, economic development and innovation activity.Materials and methods. The present study is based on feedback methodology. On the one hand, the development of human capital is a strategic factor in sustainable economic development. On the other hand, economic resources that increase under development conditions are invested in human capital. The authors have developed a two-stage method for assessing the contribution of network human capital to economic dynamics and the development of innovation. At the first stage, the influence of human capital on the factors of innovative development, assessed by the indexes of the Global Innovation Index (GII), was assessed. At the second stage, an assessment of the contribution of these factors to GDP per employee was modeled. The method was implemented through the development of econometric models that allow assessing the contributions of network human capital to economic dynamics based on the profile of the national economy and assessing the dependence of GDP per employee on the employment structure of the national economy.Results. Based on the results of econometric modeling, the impact of human capital accumulation on the innovative development of the economy was assessed. Statistically significant relationships between: an increase in human capital and the acceleration of the pace of development of new technologies and the knowledge economy; development of creative activity; increasing innovative ties have been identified and substantiated. Based on the modeling results, we empirically assessed, firstly, the contribution of network human capital to GDP per employee; secondly, the increasing contribution of new industries to GDP per employee and the decreasing contribution of traditional industries (using the example of agriculture); thirdly, the more significant contribution of those employed in IT compared to the contribution of those employed in education and healthcare to GDP per employee.Conclusion. The results of the modeling proved that network human capital influences economic growth and innovative development through two mechanisms. Firstly, network human capital is directly involved in the production processes of the platform economy as a factor of production. In this sense, the accumulation of network human capital directly increases aggregate output. Secondly, the accumulation of network human capital has a positive effect on classical factors of production and, in particular, contributes to technological progress.

Analysis of the Role of Human Capital on Economic Growth in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

Abstract This paper uses some human capital related data in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as empirical data to study the impact of human capital on the economic growth of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region; based on the selected data, the principal component analysis method is used to analyze health human capital, education human capital, and comprehensive human capital. Measure and compare the human capital differences of the three places in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. Finally, based on the economic growth model, the three places are regression analysis, and the results of different types of human capital on the three places are obtained. The analysis results show that different types of human capital measurement values in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region are indeed different. In general, the human capital in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region contributes more to economic growth than physical capital, and the contribution of health human capital is better than that of education human capital. Keywords: Human capital, Economic growth, Regression analysis, Principal component analysis, Health; Education.

Modelling the contribution of green technologies, renewable energy, economic complexity, and human capital in environmental sustainability: Evidence from BRICS countries

Green technological developments and investments are often observed as effective tools for the sustainability of carbon counteraction since they progress energy efficiency and unsoiled productivity. To do this, the main objective of this study is to inspect the effect of green technologies, economic complexity, renewable energy consumption, and human capital on the ecological footprint in the case of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) countries over the span of 1990–2020. Accordingly, this study applied novel and unconventional panel methods that provide reliable and robust estimated findings under slope heterogeneity and cross-dependency issues. The estimated results from cross-sectional autoregressive distributive lag (CS-ARDL) presents that the influence of green technologies, human capital, and renewable energy significantly protects the environment. On the other hand, economic complexity damages the environment in the long run. Furthermore, the evidence confirms that the interactive role of renewable energy consumption is also beneficial to protect the environment. Besides, the interactive role of green technologies and renewable energy consumption significantly protect the environment in the BRICS region. From a policy perspective, this study advocates that it is crucial to accelerate green technological innovations in BRICS economies, including the regulatory policies encouraging an incessant upsurge in the share of green technologies, renewable energy consumption, and human capital into environmental technological progress.

LESI HERTATI EXPLORING HUMAN CAPITAL AT THE EDUCATION LEVEL THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM APPLICATIONS IN OVERCOMING FRAUD DETECTION IN THE SHOPEE APPLICATION

This research aims to explore the importance of human capital such as level of education, understanding and expertise in order to detect fraud in accounting information system software in order to detect fraud. The success of an accounting information system in detecting and preventing fraud does not only depend on technology, but also on the quality of human resources involved in the use, management and development of the system. This study uses descriptive and verification analysis of the role and contribution of human capital, such as knowledge, skills and attitudes, in increasing users of accounting information systems related to fraud detection in the Shopee application. Data was collected through interviews with Indo Global Mandiri University students who use Shopee. The analytical tool used in this research is SEM PLS. The research results prove that understanding of finance, knowledge of information technology, and high analytical skills of human resources can detect fraud in the Shopee application. The research results prove that human capital can be the key to success in increasing the level of education related to accounting information systems that focus on fraud detection in the Shopee application. The role of effective human capital is to increase resilience to potential fraud risks in an increasingly complex business environment.

Why Is Productivity Slowing Down?

We examine the contribution of different explanations to the slowdown of labor productivity. Comparing the post-2005 period with the preceding decade for five advanced economies, we seek to explain a slowdown of 0.8 to 1.8 pp. No single explanation accounts for the slowdown, but we have identified a combination of factors that, taken together, account for much of what has been observed. In the countries we have studied, these are mismeasurement, a decline in the contribution of capital per worker, lower spillovers from the growth of intangible capital, the slowdown in trade, and a lower growth of allocative efficiency. Sectoral reallocation and a lower contribution of human capital may also have played a role in some countries. In addition to our quantitative assessment of explanations for the slowdown, we qualitatively assess other explanations, including whether productivity growth may be declining due to innovation slowing down. (JEL E23, E24, J24, L16, O33, O47)

Level up the Business Performance: Contribution of Human Capital, Penta Helix and Survival Strategies in Creative Economy

The culinary industry is increasingly stretched in Indonesia, it is predicted that the culinary industry is one of the pillars in the creative industry. The culinary industry sub-sector is growing due to cultural and lifestyle shifts, as well as technological developments as one of the factors that determine the success or failure of a culinary business in the digital era that shifts from offline to online. Under that circumstances, culinary business actors must implement survival strategies to strive in this business. This study aims to examine the concepts of Penta Helix and Human Capital in utilizing the survival strategies in which contribute to the business performance in the culinary sub-sector of creative economy. Since the use of IoT has become viral in level up the business performance, culinary business actors who implement online selling has been the main concern of this research. The population in this study was all managers/owners of the Surabaya Culinary creative industry in collaboration with online delivery services (shopee food, go-food and grab food), with a sample of 68 respondents. The data analysis technique used the Partial Least Sequare (PLS). Based on the results of data processing, it was found that 1) Penta Helix has not yet been able to make a meaningful contribution to Culinary Business Performance 2) Human Capital is able to make a meaningful contribution to business performance at the opposite level. 3) Penta Helix is able to make a meaningful contribution to culinary survival strategies. 4) Human Capital is able to make a meaningful contribution to culinary business survival strategies. 5) survival strategies has a meaningful contribution to business performance on the opposite level.

Associating Economic Growth and Ecological Footprints through Human Capital and Biocapacity in South Asia

The ecological footprint (EF) has been used as an environmental indicator in most of the past research. Due to the complex linkages between economic growth and human development, EF has been inadequately understood in policy making. This research attempts to investigate the impacts of economic growth, human capital, biocapacity, and urbanization on the factors affecting the ecological footprint (EF) of five South Asian countries. To provide empirical evidence, this study utilizes the annual data from 1990 to 2022 for Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. The findings confirm the positive contribution of GDP, human capital, biocapacity, and urbanization to EF. The causality analysis shows feedback association between GDP and EF, human capital and EF, and biocapacity and EF.

Does Intellectual Capital and Board Characteristics Affect Financial Performance?

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of intellectual capital factors and characteristic boards on the financial performance of insurance subsector companies from 2017 to 2022. A quantitative research approach was used, and 12 insurance subsector companies were selected, so that the number of samples selected was 72 research observation data points. This study uses panel data regression analysis techniques. The findings of this study state that the intellectual capital component has a positive influence on financial performance. On the other hand, board characteristics (board size, board diversity, and board compensation) are not factors that can improve financial performance. The implication is that the insurance sub-sector companies will uphold added value through the contribution of physical capital, human capital, and structural capital to gain a competitive advantage that differentiates them from other sectors.

The Contributions of Human Capital to the Philippine GDP Per Capita

The Philippines suffered from learning loss due to school closures induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The effects of the pandemic did not only anticipate in one direction as it posed a domino effect from one sector to another. Investing in human capital would help the country bounce back from such a loss (Sultana et al., 2022), yet it always costs a real expense (Brewer, Hentschke & Reide, 2010). To reduce the cost associated with education, the government must also boost employment (Atalay, 2015). With that, this paper aims to investigate the effects of human capital indicators determined by the World Economic Forum on Philippine GDP per capita from 1981 to 2020 for Education, from 2000 to 2020 for Health and Employment, and from 1998 to 2020 for Enabling Environment using Ordinary Least Squares Method. The findings revealed that seven sub-variables have positive effects on GDP per capita—Tertiary Enrolment Rates; Life Expectancy and Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene; Capacity for Innovation and Scientific-Technical Journal Articles; Mobile Users and Internet Users. While the rest have negative effects—Primary Enrolment Rate; Fertility Rate; Labor Force Participation; Social Mobility. The results suggest that the government prioritizes Enabling Environment and Health as these sectors need more assistance. Keywords: Contribution, Human Capital, Philippine, GDP Per Capita, Multiple Regression, EViews, Mean Imputation, Log Transformation

Approaches to learn about employer learning

AbstractThe empirical literature on employer learning assumes that employers learn about unobserved ability differences across workers as they spend time in the labour market. This article describes testable implications that arise from this basic hypothesis and how they have been used to quantify the contribution of job market signalling and human capital in measured returns to education. While the empirical basis is still thin, the results suggest that signalling contributes at most about 25% to the observed returns to education.

The Contribution of Human Capital to Improve the Financial Performance in the Banking Sector

The Contribution of Human Capital to Improve the Financial Performance in the Banking Sector

THE EDUCATIONAS A DETERMINANT FACTOR IN ECONOMIC GROWTH. THE ECUADORIAN CASE (1960-2019)

This paper studies the factors driving the Ecuadorian economic growth through the analysis of the education relevance measured as human capital for the period 1960-2019. By providing a characterization of the business cycle in Ecuador we were able to describe the economic growth trend, cyclical component and also the expansions and recessions periods. To this end, we also analyzed the labor share in the economy to observe the evolution of human capital importance in the income distribution.
 
 Secondly, a multiple regression model was designed to quantify the correlation between the economic growth rate and the evolution of human capital. The main findingsare that human capital and commodity prices have been relevant in explaining the economic growth, i.e., are the main source of increase in the GDP. To complement the analysis ant to stablish the importance of public policies for the betterment of education, a theoretical framework was designed to identify how the government spending and investment in education contribute for the human capital to increase over time.The results show that both government spending and investment are strongly correlated to increases in human capital index.
 
 Finally, we performed a statistical growth accounting exercise to quantify the relative importance of the different factors explaining output growth: inputs accumulation (extensive growth) and technological progress (intensive growth). By decomposing the labor between increase in workers and improving of human capital human capital we can isolate the effects of education in economic growth.
 
 Thus, for the period 1960-2019, for the Cobb-Douglas aggregate production function the average contribution of capital and labor were1.66%and 1.53% respectively points to the average annual output growth of 4.04%, whilehuman capital is accountable for 0.43%.It is also noticeable that TFP has been responsible for 0.40%, almost the same amount of the human capital. On the other hand, the augmented production function indicates that the isolated contribution of human capital was 0.25, while capital and labor were 1.14% and 1.26% respectively.The results obtained confirm the importance that the accumulation in physical capital and employment had played in explaining per capita output growth during the last decades, whereas the contribution of total factor productivity has been more modest. Human capital has also been a relevant factor in explaining the evolution of production, precisely because it is a developing economy that started from lower levels of human capital.

Dynamic value sharing based on employee contribution as a competitiveness-enhancing device

As the era of the knowledge economy has firmly established itself, the ability of firms to attract, motivate, and retain talents in order to realize stable and sustainable value creation, is increasingly critical. This paper proposes a dynamic value-sharing mechanism (DVS), based on human capital contribution, which combines the advantages of distribution fairness and dynamicity, to enhance firm value and profitability. As an instrument of analysis, this paper uses evolutionary game theory to study the feasibility of DVS and analyzes the impacts of key factors on the dynamic evolution game process and result. Evolutionary results show that: (1) DVS has the function of screening high-capability employees, and the high-capability employees ultimately dominate the value sharing under this mechanism; (2) DVS more stably promotes value creation, and the firm’s value increases to a greater extent than it would do without this mechanism and in the traditional static value sharing (SVS) model; (3) enterprises with a high proportion of talented employees have inherent advantages in implementing DVS, such as those involved in high-tech industries; and (4) the relationship between the ratio of overall profit sharing and the time of evolution to equilibrium is non-monotonic.

Contribution of Human Capital on Poverty Reduction in Rural Areas of Uganda. A Case of Kisoro District

Purpose: The study was about the contribution of human capital on poverty reduction in rural areas of Uganda taking Kisoro district as a case study. In Uganda, poverty in rural areas had remained a challenge as depicted by 31 percent of population below poverty line as of financial year 2016/2017 (UBOS, 2018) having risen from 22.8 percent in financial year 2012/2013 (MoFPED, 2014). In Kisoro district, poverty was high as manifested by low household access to electricity (7.6%), piped water (33.7 %), high illiteracy levels, food insecurity, poor housing conditions where 84.6% of households lived in semi- permanent dwelling units (UBOS, 2017). The purpose of the study was to examine how human capital could contribute to poverty reduction in rural areas of Uganda taking in Kisoro district as a case study.
 Methodology: The study was carried out in Kisoro district on 391 respondents against the targeted 400 which represented 97.8 % response rate. The respondents included farmers, district technical staff, business entrepreneurs, agricultural industrialists, political, religious and opinion leaders. The study triangulated both quantitative and qualitative approaches and a cross- sectional survey was used. Data collection methods used included: survey, interviews, observations and review of primary and secondary documents; while the tools used were self-administered questionnaires, interview guide, interview schedule, observation plan and its checklist, a camera and a recorder.
 Findings: Education could significantly ensure rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district, with a positive and significant relationship between them (r = 0.415, p< 0.05). Education also explained 23.2% of the contribution on rural poverty reduction.Training had a significant effect on rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district with a positive and significant relationship between them (r = 0.267, p< 0.05). Training also explained 9.1% contribution to rural poverty reduction. There was significant relationship between human capital and rural poverty reduction in Kisoro district. It was concluded that human capital had a great contribution towards poverty reduction in rural areas. 
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that; public education, research and development, science and technology and enabling policies could sustainably be promoted for enhanced productivity, poverty reduction and development.

МЕТОДИ НАВЧАННЯ ПЕРСОНАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА: ВЕКТОРИ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ

The article considers methods of personnel training in the context of diffusion of information and communication technologies, strengthening of trends of their use in the practice of development of employees' competences to ensure their professional growth, increase of human capital contribution to achievement of the enterprises' goals and their competitiveness in the market. The article focuses on educational technologies (EdTech), their understanding and significance; on identifying the benefits and possible caveats for practical use. The most common EdTech tools are presented, namely, graphic software, authoring system, course software, simulation software, and video tutorial software. A number of modern methods of personnel training are highlighted: electronic (online) training; social learning, microlearning, immersive technologies, gamification. It proves the necessity of flexible adapted integration of digital technologies into the enterprise training system. This paper presents an example of the digital transformation of staff training, taking into account a combination of factors of a particular enterprise, in particular, market requirements, employee and employer requests. Possible areas of application of EdTech for the development of certain competencies of employees are presented: to strengthen communication skills – video training using Mobile Learning technology, webinars, social learning using digital technologies; to improve technical skills – microlearning, blended learning, gamification; to develop the ability to solve problems creatively and think in design terms – brainstorming with augmented reality (AR) combinations; training in working groups using digital technologies, modular soft skills training format. It is determined that when making managerial decisions on the introduction of new methods, it is expedient to take into account the results of feedback from employees of the enterprise. The emphasis is placed on the integration of digital tools into the practice of using traditional methods of personnel training with the development of specific implementation mechanisms.

Human Capital Spillovers, Productivity and Growth in the Manufacturing Sector of Pakistan

Manufacturing is an important sector of Pakistan’s economy. The main focus of this paper is to analyse the major factors of value-added growth and productivity in the manufacturing sector by using Translog Production Technology over the period 1971-72 to 2004-05. The empirical findings show that the contribution of productivity and human capital is around one- third of the total value-added growth in manufacturing sector which is less than the contribution attributed to these factors in developed and many other developing countries. Conventional factors like capital and labour are still the mainstay in the value-added growth of Pakistan’s manufacturing sector. JEL classification: O1, O3, O4, O14, O15, O31 Keywords: Human Capital Spillovers, Total Factor Productivity, Absolute and Relative Shares

Measuring the macroeconomic determinants of agricultural price volatility: Implications for natural resource commodity prices for green recovery.

With rapid growth, green economic recovery has been a key agenda for the globe. However, the price volatility for natural resources plays a significant role in reshaping the green recovery. Therefore, the current study investigates the impact of green recovery, hum, a capital index, GDP growth, foreign direct investment and inflation on natural resource volatility in China from 1995 to 2020. In order to investigate the long-term association among selected variables, this study employs the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model. In addition, the current research uses the Aikaik information (AIC) criteria for the model selections. Obtained outcomes show the significant contribution of green recovery, human capital, GDP growth, FDI and inflation increase the natural resource price volatility level. However, to validate the results of ARDL, this study also used the ECM approach and validated the prior findings. On behalf of outcomes, the current study implies some imperative policies to attain the desired objective for green growth.