Huge Capital Research Articles

Assessment of renewable energy: Status, challenges, COVID-19 impacts, opportunities, and sustainable energy solutions in Africa

• Demonstrated renewable energy status and targets for sustainable energy solutions. • Proposed power value chain and smart energy framework for better power utilization. • Impacts and recommendations in African energy sector response to COVID-19 pandemic. • Proposed machine learning enabled PV forecasting for enhances the power scheduling. Today's more focus and efforts are being put by all the energy leaders towards power generation using renewable energy resources. Fortunately, these resources are becoming affordable to facilitate a swift shift towards green and clean energy. Possible strategic assets are an add-on for all the developing nations in terms of economy. The technological advancement and power market revolution resulting in an adequate reduction of renewable energy cost and affordability. This paper mainly focusing on Covid-19 impacts in the African energy sector. Also, analyzing recent developments in African renewable energy generation that holds the immense capacity for improvisation. This paper highlighting the recommendations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic for the African renewable energy sector. This paper is a result of rigorous analysis based on major issues governing sustainable solutions for Africa. This review paper comes up with effective conclusions to address the challenges in the current pandemic situation. In Africa abundance of resources is found with huge potential for the generation of power. But still, Africa undergoing a phase of serious crises because they are not able to tap its huge capital of renewable energies. There is a subsequent need for power grid restructuring, energy storage technologies, and parallel mitigation of environmental factors with seasonal variations. Proposed review analysis bringing a better opportunity for all issues towards sustainable solutions, that will ease the renewable energy status in Africa. It is observed that there is an inevitable need to focus on having strong government policy frameworks and proper regulations. The various recommendations are required to swing towards renewable energy development. Combined efforts are required in luring foreign investments and to address feasible issues like setting-up targets. This paper demonstrated a smart energy system using a proposed machine learning-based framework for enhancing the PV forecasting and up-gradation in available technologies.

Successive generation introduction time for high technological products: an analysis based on different multi-attribute utility functions

AbstractHighly competitive markets have forced many organizations to come up with generational products. The relevance, appropriateness, added functionality, and sustainability are some of the potential reasons behind the launch of a new generation over the previous generation. The launch time of the new generation is dependent on the performance of the existing generation in the market which can be measured based on the attributes viz. the adoption behavior of the customer and indicator of adoption rate. The introduction of a new generation greatly affects the market of the existing generation of the product and huge capital is ought to be invested in feature enhancement in the latest generation as compared to the existing version. Consequently, the investment made in production and marketing activities should be economical which significantly influences the launch time. Based on these attributes, the focus is on determining the launch time of the successive generation of the product. In this paper, three conflicting and contrasting attributes: customer adoption behavior, adoption rate indicator, and cost are proposed. The aim is to study and understand the impact of the trade-off for these attributes on the launch time of successive generations of the product. To examine the tradeoff between these attributes, multi-attribute utility theory has been used. The proposed decision approach is based on three different weighted combinations of the utility function in multi-attribute utility theory. Additionally, three different forms of utility functions viz, the weighted arithmetic, geometric and harmonic forms have been used in understanding their superiority over one another. For validation purposes, the case in which an organization launches successive generations of a durable product for which demand is characterized by an innovation diffusion process has been assessed.

Review of Fiber Optical Sensors and Its Importance in Sewer Corrosion Factor Analysis

Adverse effects of wastewater on the hygiene of human and circumstances is a major issue in society. Appropriate refining systems with high efficiency is required to treat the wastewater. Sewage treatment plant plays a major and important role in conserving incredible nature of the environment. Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC) is an important phenomenon in sewage structures which causes the deterioration of infrastructures. Huge capital has been spent and efforts have been made on wastewater treatment infrastructure to increase operating efficiency and reliability of compliance. The investments in reimbursement and maintenance of sewer structures upsurge with an increase in the rate of MIC. The focus of this review is to describe MIC in sewer structure and the factors influencing the corrosion such as the generation of Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Relative Humidity (RH), pH of the concrete structure and temperature. Modern developments in the design of Fiber Optical Sensors (FOSs) for observing the parameters including pH, Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), RH and temperature will be discussed.

Theoretical Framework for the Freight Movements Through a Multicommodity Port

Port based freight movement planning is a complicated task that could be carried out efficiently to handle the cargo, optimally utilize the infrastructure and plan the future infrastructure requirements. The nature of activities at the port is dynamic with uncertainties,since the operationsare time bound, scholastic and probabilistic.As the huge capital is involved in port infrastructure, the inter-relationship between port activities need to be understood and a system model enveloping the relationship among the variables is much needed for optimal utilization of existing facilities and to predict the future infrastructure requirements. The conventional four step model approach for modeling the person trips would not effectively reflect the commercial scheduling constraintsand requirements of freight trips. This research workattemptsto model the port operations, to assess the level of service of roads and gate operations as subsystems to understand the interdependencies between the variables and the impact on the port operations as a whole.

Corporate Social Responsibility in Pakistan: A Legal Perspective with Reference to MNEs

It is no secret that many multinational enterprises have annual revenues higher than that of the GDP of a significant number of less developed countries put together. This fact puts them in a position not only to influence the host country's policies and but also lives of the people. With the rise of Multi-National Enterprises and foreign investments, the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility, theoretically a self-regulatory mechanism to ensure the active participation of corporations for betterment of society in general, has gained importance in International Law. Given the fact that a huge capital is flowing in Pakistan, it is significant to understand and evaluate the extent to which the principles of CSR are being followed in Pakistan, with a special reference to foreign investment. High ratio of Foreign Direct Investment to the annual budget of Pakistan in recent years coupled with the fact that CSR is still relatively a new concept in Pakistan amplifies the importance of CSR in Pakistan in relation to Foreign Investments. Since CSR, as per OECD guidelines, requires the international corporations to take certain measures to ensure the betterment of the locality and community, the research shall attempt to find out whether the foreign companies working in Pakistan are complying with the norms of CSR and if they do, to what extent those principles are being followed. To do that, we shall try to understand the concept of CSR, to trace down its origins, and to study its elements and key drivers. Moreover, the impacts of compliance of CSR especially on the people, environment and goals of sustainable development shall also be taken into account. The study shall try to search relevant laws, rules, regulations and guidelines, both in international and domestic legal skeletons, which emphasize the significance of CSR and its implementation. We shall try to find out whether any legal recourse or remedies are available to the people and the State of Pakistan in case foreign MNEs do not implement the CSR regulations.

The Effect of Integrated Warehouse Operation Efficiency on Organizations Performance

Worldwide several firms have suffered a lot of problems in inventory management which concerns their operational achievement. Good inventory management is a means to improve customer service and reduce stock. The objective of inventory management is to handle it in a most reasonable cost and remove the constant accumulations for continuous developments. This paper brings out how to assess the effect of integrated inventory management practices on organizations representation of some selected universities in Amhara region, Ethiopia. To remain competitive, inventory accounts needs a huge capital of an organization and must have a good management in the overall flow of resource from the initial purchase to final usage. Generally, the goal of every business is to hold little inventory and keep their business running. So, those universities in this region have hold a little inventory and make their organizations run well, even determine how much they do have in their store and determine for how long it will serve them.

Mogućnosti održivog turističkog razvoja i zaštite prirode u Specijalnom rezervatu prirode "Deliblatska peščara"

The area of the Special Nature Reserve Deliblatska pesĉara has a huge capital of pristine nature. On the one hand, this is an important area for plant and animal species, while, on the other hand, it is attractive for tourists as important users of place. This area has sensitive ecosystems and is important for conservation of geodiversity. Precisely for this reason, it represents a significant tourist potential. The economic revenues of tourism can be used for proper monitoring and nature protection by directing the money to improve protection area system. It is one of the basic postulates of sustainable tourism development.

Clinical Success versus Attrition of Investigational Pharmaceuticals: A Vignette.

The clinical success of investigational pharmaceuticals remains doubtful due to an unacceptable level of attrition during clinical drug development and declining clinical approval rates. Countless molecules are being withdrawn during drug discovery and clinical trial phases due to poor pharmacokinetics (ADME), lack of safety and efficacy, commercial interests, market competition, and patent protection expiry. Consequently, the novel drug pipelines are running dry. Because huge capital is involved in different clinical trial phases, the task of bringing a new drug or drug formulation to the market is a very costly venture. Running a clinical trial is a complex, expensive, and time-intensive project. It is often tedious and troublesome to change a study design after its inception; thus, it is necessary to design the study for easy and comprehensive data analysis and interpretation. Cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies, collectively touted as observational studies, provide an option for solving clinical problems when a randomized controlled trial (RCT) is not feasible due to time, money, or ethical restraints. This review article presents three prime observational research methodologies using relevant examples, common causes of spurious results, and ways to trivialize their impacts, including the most popular indices for measuring clinical relevance of the treatment effects. The article also explores attrition issues and issues related to the improvement of clinical approval success, with an emphasis on possible applications of drug delivery technologies to salvage drug molecules.

A Huge Capital Drop with Compression of Femoral Vessels Associated with Hip Osteoarthritis.

A capital drop is a type of osteophyte at the inferomedial portion of the femoral head commonly observed in hip osteoarthritis (OA), secondary to developmental dysplasia. Capital drop itself is typically asymptomatic; however, symptoms can appear secondary to impinge against the acetabulum or to irritation of the surrounding tissues, such as nerves, vessels, and tendons. We present here a case of unilateral leg edema in a patient with hip OA, caused by a huge bone mass occurring at the inferomedial portion of the femoral head that compressed the femoral vessels. We diagnosed this bone mass as a capital drop secondary to hip OA after confirming that the mass occurred at least after the age of 63 years based on a previous X-ray. We performed early resection and total hip arthroplasty since the patient's hip pain was due to both advanced hip OA and compression of the femoral vessels; moreover, we aimed to prevent venous thrombosis secondary to vascular compression considering the advanced age and the potent risk of thrombosis in the patient. A large capital drop should be considered as a cause of vascular compression in cases of unilateral leg edema in OA patients.